CN102792998A - Method for separating shell and meat of small crustacean - Google Patents
Method for separating shell and meat of small crustacean Download PDFInfo
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- CN102792998A CN102792998A CN2012102852670A CN201210285267A CN102792998A CN 102792998 A CN102792998 A CN 102792998A CN 2012102852670 A CN2012102852670 A CN 2012102852670A CN 201210285267 A CN201210285267 A CN 201210285267A CN 102792998 A CN102792998 A CN 102792998A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for separating shell and meat of small crustacean, which comprises the following steps: performing heat-treatment on the small crustacean which is in a dispersing state; then centrifuging the small crustacean to enable a precipitation part obtained by centrifuging to enter in a pool, removing an inedible part to realize the separation of shell and meat of the small crustacean, and respectively collecting the shell and meat. The method provided in the invention enables realization of continuous production, the shelling rate is high, the obtained small crustacean meat can be used for producing feeds or further producing high quality food, the shell can be used for producing chitosan and the like, and the method can be directly used for separating the shell and meat of the small crustacean which enables on-line processing in a fishing ship, and the method for separating shell and meat of small crustacean has good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic products shell meat separation field, the method that particularly a kind of microcrustacean shell meat separates.
Background technology
Krill belongs to Arthropoda, Crustachia, Euphausiacea.The whole world has 85 kinds of krills, and the krill that wherein lives in marine site, the South Pole only has the 7-8 kind; The South Pole large krill (Euphausia Superba Dana) that generally will live in ring marine site, the South Pole on the south 50 ° in the south latitude is commonly referred to as krill.Krill is that the list that biomass is maximum in the multicellular organism on the earth, procreation is the most successful is planted one of biology; Be key link (Roger PH, Elizabeth HLL.The fishery on Antarctic krill defining an ecosystem approach to management [J] .Reviews in Fisheries Science, 2000 of whole Nanjing University ocean ecosystem energy and flow of matter; 8 (3): 235-298), (Fan Wei; Wu Yumei, old snow is loyal, etc. the spatial and temporal distributions of krill and remote sensing environmental monitoring progress [J]. sea fishery; 2010,32 (1): 95-101).According to latest estimated, the biomass of krill is hundred million tons of 6.5-10.0; But but the quantity of the catch of krill possibly surpass total quantity of the catch of world's fishery resources.
The health of krill mainly is made up of cephalothorax and belly, and the musculature of krill mainly is present in the belly of health and is connected with shell, and liver and cephalothorax, intestines and stomach and other parts connect together.Krill lipid mainly accumulates in liver and is present in the conjunctive tissue near the shrimp shell.Contain more essential amino acid and trace element in the krill meat, the organoleptic attribute of krill meat (local flavor, homogeneity and color and luster) is also similar with the animal protein of most of marine sources.Yet krill is as food, must realize separating fully of shrimp shell and shrimp.The krill shrimp that obtains should contain the least possible lipid, avoids liver and GI residual.Because these residuals will influence the quality and the storage period of product.In addition, the capture region of krill is usually away from the continent, the time and the space of the transportation of krill and hoarding demand labor.Therefore, best solution is exactly that krill is caught the on-the-spot directly processing in back and realized separating of shrimp and shrimp shell that shrimp further is processed into semi-finished product, dark frozen meat or can etc.Yet, also do not have a kind of suitable method to be applicable to that the extensive shell meat of krill separates at present.(Liu Zhidong, old snow is loyal, and is yellow loud and clear; Chen Shuai, Li Lingzhi, Liu Jian. the progress of high humidity extrusion technique [J]. food industry science and technology; 2012,33 (7): 424-430), (Liu Zhidong, old snow is loyal; Yellow loud and clear. the Analysis of Nutritional of krill powder and evaluation [J]. Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs, 2012,31 (2): 424-430).
The method of at present known processing crustacean normally obtains the edibility position by different way and in various degree.But these methods have limited the rate of obtaining of crustacean meat usually, and these methods are not suitable for the shell meat separation of individual less ocean crustacean usually.The method that existing crustacean shell meat separates comprises fixedly crustacean, stretches along vertical direction, and by means of the edge of the disk mechanical destruction shell of the rotation that has burr, the method that adopts suspension is separated the fragment of shell with meat.Adopt existing shell meat separation method to handle shrimps, the shrimp of acquisition is a meatball normally; And bigger distortion and cracked can take place in meatball usually, and this will have influence on the distortion and the outward appearance of final products.In addition, method above-mentioned is generally used for handling individual bigger crustacean, and is not suitable for individual shell meat separation than brit (like krill).Another kind is used for the method that the microcrustacean head separates with health, is to adopt high-velocity fluid to destroy being connected of microcrustacean head and health.The essence of this method is that microcrustacean is fixed, and its head and health are by high speed water jet impact, and the connecting portion of head and health is located in the edge of standing part.High-velocity fluid directly acts on perhaps, and indirectly-acting finally realizes head of microcrustacean and separating of health in head or the health of microcrustacean.But a kind of method in back is only applicable to head of microcrustacean and separating of health; Remaining processing comprises the cracked of shrimp shell, and the extraction of meat and employing additive method carry out separating also of meat and other parts well not to be realized.Secondly, repeatedly extraction and lock out operation also will cause loss of nutrient substances inevitably and influence the local flavor and the quality of final products in the said method.In addition, these methods can not realize liver of crustacean and separating of intestines and stomach part, but can not improve the rate of obtaining of meat; Moreover should technology more be applicable to the individual bigger crustacean of processing, not be suitable for individual processing than brit (like krill).In sum, said method labor intensive, complex process and limited its productivity ratio.These methods are only applicable to handle bigger crustacean, and are not suitable for microcrustaceans such as handling krill.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the method that a kind of microcrustacean shell meat separates, and this method can realize serialization production, and husking yield is high; The microcrustacean meat that obtains can be used to produce feed or further produce high-quality food, and shell can be used to produce shitosan etc., has a good application prospect.
The method that a kind of microcrustacean shell meat of the present invention separates comprises the steps:
The microcrustacean that will be in dispersity is in 45-145 ℃ of heat treatment 1-20min; Then, microcrustacean is centrifugal, and the centrifugal deposition part that obtains directly gets into the pond; Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata, removes non-edible part; The shell meat of realizing microcrustacean separates, and meat and shell are collected respectively.
Said dispersity is not connect fully or do not connect more than 65% between the single microcrustacean.
Water or steam are adopted in said heat treatment.
Said centrifugal actual conditions is: centrifugal speed 450-10500rpm, and 35 ℃ of centrifuging temperature-4 –, centrifugation time 4-35min, continous way or semi continuous are centrifugal.
Said method of removing non-edible part is for adopting the water rinse mode or adopting mechanical system to remove.
Said shell meat is separated into separating more than 56% of separating fully of shell and other positions or shell and other positions.The shell that mainly comprises microcrustacean also comprises the musculature of fritter, liver and intestines and stomach etc.
The separation process of whole shell meat is carried out in the system of cleaning, sealing.Avoid the introducing of exogenous material, reducing exogenous material maybe be to the influence of microcrustacean final products local flavor generation, the security that has improved final products.
According to the inventive method; The heat treatment of microcrustacean, purpose centrifugal and shell meat separating treatment are the shells of mechanical destruction microcrustacean; Make crust part and the musculature of microcrustacean; The fracture that liver is connected with intestines and stomach realizes that finally the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.The mixture that obtains comprises microcrustacean meat, shell fragment and other non-edible parts.More complete microcrustacean meat or cracked microcrustacean meat that the present invention obtains have quality and organoleptic attribute preferably.These characteristics of product are superior to adopting the microcrustacean meat of additive method acquisition.The final products that obtain according to the inventive method both can be used for consumption, also can be used for further processing or chilled storage.
Beneficial effect
The present invention can realize serialization production, and husking yield is high; The microcrustacean meat that obtains can be used to produce feed or further produce high-quality food; Shell can be used to produce shitosan etc.; Can directly be used to fish for the shell meat separation method of the microcrustacean of factory ship field machining, have a good application prospect.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Be interpreted as, these embodiment only be used to the present invention is described and be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention.Be interpreted as in addition, after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, those skilled in the art can do various changes or modification to the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims institute restricted portion equally.
Embodiment 1
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 45 ℃, 20min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (450rpm ,-4 ℃, 35min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into the pond with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 58%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 20% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 2
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 145 ℃, 1min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (10500rpm, 35 ℃, 4min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 62%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 22% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 3
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 140 ℃, 2min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (10000rpm ,-3 ℃, 32min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 60%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 24% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 4
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 135 ℃, 5min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (9500rpm ,-2 ℃, 30min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 63%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 22% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 5
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 125 ℃, 8min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (9000rpm ,-1 ℃, 25min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 65%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 21% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 6
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 120 ℃, 10min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (8000rpm, 0 ℃, 20min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 65%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 22% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 7
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 115 ℃, 14min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (7000rpm, 2 ℃, 18min); Microcrustacean) meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 65%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 22% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 8
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 110 ℃, 16min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (6000rpm, 4 ℃, 15min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 57%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 21% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 9
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 100 ℃, 18min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (4000rpm, 10 ℃, 10min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 57%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 21% of an initial mass.
Embodiment 10
Microcrustacean through heat treatment (water or steam, 80 ℃, 20min), this crosses the range request microcrustacean and is in dispersity; Then, microcrustacean centrifugal (3000rpm, 15 ℃, 8min); Microcrustacean meat directly gets into sink arrangement with other parts, and microcrustacean meat separates with non-edible part through water and/or power set.Microcrustacean meat is deposited in the bottom in pond, and non-edible part is stayed the upper strata.The non-edible part of overflow separating small crustacean that can be through water, the non-edible part of the mode separating small crustacean that also can skim through machinery; Microcrustacean meat is stayed the bottom in pond, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates.Shell meat separates and to comprise separating fully of shell and other positions, comprises that also shell separates (more than 56%) with the major part at other positions.Microcrustacean meat and shell are collected respectively.The rate of obtaining of pure meat is 21% of an initial mass.
The present invention provides a kind of method for the shell meat separation of microcrustacean, and the foregoing description is specially adapted to krill.The microcrustacean meat that this method obtains does not have or only has the residual of a spot of liver, intestines and stomach, lipid and other materials.Therefore, avoided in heat treatment subsequently (sterilization), the quick oxidation of lipid causes the variation of product color, mouthfeel and local flavor; Having prolonged with microcrustacean meat is elementary, the centre of raw-food material and the storage period of final products.The present invention proposes a kind of method that can industrial separation microcrustacean shell meat; Substantive enforcement of the present invention will promote the technical merit and the production efficiency of fishing for factory ship and bank base factory, helps to be reached for the important goal that the mankind provide high-quality animal protein.
The above content is merely the basic explanation of the present invention under conceiving, and all belongs to protection scope of the present invention according to any equivalent transformation that technical scheme of the present invention is done.
Claims (7)
1. the method that microcrustacean shell meat separates comprises the steps:
The microcrustacean that will be in dispersity is in 45-145 ℃ of heat treatment 1-20min; Then, microcrustacean is centrifugal, and the centrifugal deposition part that obtains directly gets into the pond, removes non-edible part, realizes that the shell meat of microcrustacean separates, and meat and shell are collected respectively.
2. the method that a kind of microcrustacean shell meat according to claim 1 separates is characterized in that: said dispersity is not connect fully or do not connect more than 65% between the single microcrustacean.
3. the method that a kind of microcrustacean shell meat according to claim 1 separates is characterized in that: water or steam are adopted in said heat treatment.
4. the method that a kind of microcrustacean shell meat according to claim 1 separates, it is characterized in that: said centrifugal actual conditions is: centrifugal speed 450-10500rpm, centrifuging temperature-4-35 ℃, centrifugation time 4-35min, continous way or semi continuous are centrifugal.
5. the method that a kind of microcrustacean shell meat according to claim 1 separates is characterized in that: said method of removing non-edible part is for adopting the water rinse mode or adopting mechanical system to remove.
6. the method that a kind of microcrustacean shell meat according to claim 1 separates is characterized in that: said shell meat is separated into separating more than 58% of separating fully of shell and other positions or shell and other positions.
7. the method that a kind of microcrustacean shell meat according to claim 1 separates is characterized in that: the separation process of whole shell meat is carried out in the system of cleaning, sealing.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104431360A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 浙江新复大医药化工有限公司 | Bellamya paste and production process thereof |
| CN111406783A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-07-14 | 漳州市东好水产食品有限公司 | Shelling application method and equipment for quick-frozen prawns |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104431360A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 浙江新复大医药化工有限公司 | Bellamya paste and production process thereof |
| CN111406783A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-07-14 | 漳州市东好水产食品有限公司 | Shelling application method and equipment for quick-frozen prawns |
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Application publication date: 20121128 |