CN102876444A - Method for preparing inorganic solvent of shrimp grease - Google Patents
Method for preparing inorganic solvent of shrimp grease Download PDFInfo
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- CN102876444A CN102876444A CN2012103504504A CN201210350450A CN102876444A CN 102876444 A CN102876444 A CN 102876444A CN 2012103504504 A CN2012103504504 A CN 2012103504504A CN 201210350450 A CN201210350450 A CN 201210350450A CN 102876444 A CN102876444 A CN 102876444A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing an inorganic solvent of the shrimp grease, comprising the following steps: (1) subjecting shrimps to heat treatment to denature the protein of the shrimps and obtain a first portion of the solid and a first portion of liquid; (2) subjecting the first portion of the solid to centrifugation to obtain a second portion of the solid and a second portion of liquid; (3) subjecting the first portion of liquid and the second portion of liquid to centrifugation to separate the grease from other liquid components and obtain the shrimp grease; and (4) pressing or extruding the second portion of solid and subjecting the obtained liquid to centrifugation to obtain the shrimp grease, and finally collecting the shrimp grease obtained in the step (3) and the hrimp grease obtained in the step (4). The method has simplified technological process, can realize continuous production, improves the production efficiency, can be used directly for preparing the inorganic solvent of the shrimp grease for the fishing factory ship or shore-based factory.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation field of shrimps grease, particularly a kind of non-solvent preparation of shrimps grease.
Background technology
Krill (Euphausia Superba Dana) is that a class build is small, and stock number is huge, moves in the shrimps in marine site, the South Pole; Being that the list that biomass is maximum in the multicellular organism on the earth, procreation is the most successful is planted one of biology, is the key link of whole Southern Oceans ecosystem energy and flow of matter
[1,2]Krill belongs to Arthropoda, Crustachia, Euphausiacea; The krill that wherein lives in marine site, the South Pole has the 7-8 kind.According to estimates, the biomass of krill is hundred million tons of 6.5-10.0; But but the quantity of the catch of krill may surpass total quantity of the catch of world fisheries resource.Usually, the capture region of krill is away from the continent, and the transportation of krill and hoarding demand expend a large amount of time and space.Therefore, best solution is exactly that krill is caught rear in-situ processing.Yet, also do not have a kind of suitable method to be applicable to the in-situ processing of krill at present
[3,4]
But because the krill body contains active very strong degradation enzyme system, these enzymes after death can decompose its bodily tissue very soon at krill.If the krill that captures is as food, so must completion of processing in 3 h after krill is caught; If as animal-feed, then must be in 10 h completion of processing.Best krill meal is that the product freshness that processing obtains in 5 h after krill is caught is best, and the TVN value is 5-20(mg N/100g).Therefore, must process immediately after krill is caught.At present, the krill processing on ship still take freezing and make the shrimp gruel as main, respectively account for more than 47%, and the peeled shrimp that shells only accounts for 5.29%; The output capacity of peeled shrimp and shrimp gruel only is about 10%.In addition, because marine site, the South Pole away from the harbour, away from supply, away from problems such as market and long-distance navigation, is compared with other sea going fisheriess, has higher cost pressure.And dissolve the approach of these cost pressures, and improve exactly value-added content of product, form the product comprehensive exploitation and also bring profit.Fact proved that not having the industry of profit is the industry that does not have vitality.Therefore, the krill industry will realize health, and Sustainable development at first needs to carry out exploration and the exploitation of technology and equipment, especially can solve technology and equipment that in-situ processing obtains high-quality and high value added product.
The lipid research of krill shows that it mainly distributes along digestive tube, between muscle package and shell, mainly is gathered in liver and the close conjunctive tissue of shell
[5]The lipid of krill mainly comprises triglyceride, phosphatide, sterol and ester class; Content is that 10-26%(is in butt), wherein the average content of phosphatide is 69%, the content of triglyceride is 26%
[6]The phospholipid fraction of krill is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid, and particularly 20:5 and 22:6 account for 50% of phosphatide total amount.Lipid content depends primarily on the season of fishing for, and sexual maturity and body are long; Usually, the lipid of krill forms the 3-6 month of phase in every year; The lipid content of female krill is male 2 times
[7]
Extrusion technique is the new and high technology that multidisciplinary intersection produces, and has continuous high pressure, high-shear, in short-term processing and efficient biochemical reactor characteristic.In recent years, the application of extrusion technique in the fields such as macromolecular material, food, feed is more and more extensive, and especially Twin-Screw Extrusion Technology receives increasing concern in the research aspect the high moisture content materials such as Optimization of Low Value Fish deep processing
[8]Extrusion technique all has been better than organic solvent method at aspects such as throughput, oil extraction speed, energy consumption, the solvent material/embryo of oil extraction equipment compare since middle 1960s is used for oil prodution industry
[9,10]Extrusion technique is used in oil prodution industry by the U.S. at first.At present, the cottonseed of the U.S. existing 90% and 80% soybean are through expelling-expansion pretreatment.What at present, the most edible oil of China processing enterprise adopted in Oil processing all is organic solvent (such as normal hexane) extraction.Normal hexane is a kind of carcinogenic substance, and the long-term edible edible oil that contains normal hexane still is harmful to human body; To contain the grouts of normal hexane as feed, animal edible too much can cause anaemia.The mixture of normal hexane and oil and grouts by outside the effusion machine, also can produce ozone and contaminant hydrocarbon, contaminate environment such as solvent in desolvation process.Therefore, along with the progress of extrusion technique and the raising of machinofacture level, Twin-Screw Extrusion Technology will be more widely used in the oil and fat preparation field.In addition, krill is subject to people's attention day by day with its huge biomass and potential economic worth.Because marine site, the South Pole is subjected to the effect of human activity less, therefore, krill is a kind of natural, green raw material.In order to keep as much as possible the characteristic of its " natural, green ", the processing of krill must fast and be tried one's best and be reduced the impact of " artificially ".
The extracting method of at present known shrimps (particularly krill) grease mainly is organic solvent method.But these methods have dissolvent residual usually, and affect the quality of product.Related data has been introduced the method for industrialization extraction shrimps (particularly krill) greases: Budzinski et al. (1986.Loc.cit.) and Saether et al. (1985.Loc.cit) have introduced the method that adopts organic solvent extraction krill lipid.Pro-Bio Group AS(WO2006/106325) introduced a kind of method of from krill, extracting phosphatide, comprised that adopting organic solvent to mix with the krill powder produces a kind of liquid-liquid mixture.Method is to adopt other organic solvents to extract neutral lipid from this liquid-liquid mixture preferably, and remaining component then is rich in phosphatide.EP1997498 and WO02/102394(Neptune Technologies﹠amp; Bioresources Inc) introduced the method that adopts acetone and other organic solvent from krill or krill product, to extract lipid.JP58008037(Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd) introduced a kind of method of from antarctic krill oil, obtaining the EPA or derivatives thereof.JP2004024060(Nippon Suisan Kaisha Ltd) introduced a kind of method that is rich in astaxanthin krill lipid composition of from krill, obtaining.US2008/0274203(Aker Biomarine ASA) introduced a kind of supercritical liquid extraction technique extracts antarctic krill oil from the krill powder by two-step approach method.WO2007/080514 has introduced a kind of method that adopts ultrasonic wave to separate antarctic krill oil.WO2007/080515 (AkerBiomarine ASA) has introduced and a kind ofly has been lower than under 60 ℃ of conditions the method that adopts machinery and physical means to obtain the krill lipid.This technology is carried out under protection of inert gas, has prevented oxidation and the sex change of lipid and protein.
Usually, in the boat-carrying krill course of processing, fresh krill adopts and heat-treats with the indirect heating apparatus of transport unit; Subsequently, solid part adopts squeezing or drying installation to process.Pressed liquor is centrifugal by the phase-splitting whizzer, separates the antarctic krill oil that obtains to be rich in neutral fat and astaxanthin.Yet, can only produce a small amount of antarctic krill oil in the time of the production of boat-carrying krill shrimp med.Antarctic krill oil is rich in neutral fat and the extremely low phosphatide (＜0.5%) that maybe can't detect of content.Usually, phosphatide links to each other with the protein of squeeze cake.In krill lipid content high season, the lipid content in the krill powder reaches 16-18%; At this moment, the content of neutral fat then very low (accounting for the 0.3-1.0% of raw material shrimp) in the antarctic krill oil.The content that is rich in astaxanthin in the antarctic krill oil of neutral fat is 700-1500mg/kg, and this depends primarily on season and the place of fishing for.
The lipid content of raw material krill is 0.1-0.4%, when adopting nontraditional technology to produce the krill powder, viscosity water is emulsified (lipid content is 0.7-1.6%), the lipid content scope of krill powder is 20-26%, but the krill oil recovery rate is lower, and the content of antarctic krill oil neutral fat is lower.The antarctic krill oil that the krill powder that adopts tradition and nontraditional technology to make extracts: the about 86-89% of triglyceride level, phosphatide does not detect (＜0.5%), and DHA and EPA are approximately 4-6%.
[1]Roger?PH,Elizabeth?HLL.The?fishery?on?Antarctic?krill?defining?an?ecosystem?approach?to?management[J].Reviews?in?Fisheries?Science,2000,8(3):235-298.
[2] Fan Wei, Wu Yumei, old snow is loyal, etc. the spatial and temporal distributions of krill and environmental monitoring of remote sensing progress [J]. marine fishery, 2010,32 (1): 95-101.
[3] Liu Zhidong, old snow is loyal, and is yellow loud and clear, Chen Shuai, Li Lingzhi, Liu Jian. the progress of high-humidity extruded technology [J]. and foodstuffs industry science and technology, 2012,33 (7): 424-430.
[4] Liu Zhidong, old snow is loyal, and is yellow loud and clear. the Analysis of Nutritional of krill powder and evaluation [J]. and Chinese Journal of Marine Drugs, 2012,31 (2): 424-430.
[5]Saether,O.,Ellingsen,T.and?Mohr,V.1985.Comp.Biochem.Physiol.81B:609.
[6]Grantham.1977.Loc.cit
[7]Clarke?A.1984.Lipid?content?and?composition?of?Antarctic?krill,Euphausia?superba?Dana.J.Crust.Biol.4:285-294.
[8] Liu Junrong, Xue Changhu, Tong Changqing, etc. operating parameters is on the impact [J] of extrudate moisture content and tap density in the fish meat protein extrusion process. aquatic product journal, 2006,30 (6): 818-823.
[9].Guy?R?CF.The?extrusion?revolution[J].Food?Manuf.,1985,60(1):26-29.
[10].Nelson?AI,Wijeratne?WB,Yeh?SW,et?al.Dry?extrusion?as?an?aid?to?mechanical?expelling?ofoil?from?soybeans[J].JAOCS,1987,64(9):1341-1347.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of non-solvent preparation of shrimps grease, the method can be carried out fishing for the floating factory ship, can the more effective production control time, greatly reduce raw material that transport-ship transports and the goods of processing, carry out when can also realize catching and processing.
The non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease proposed by the invention comprises:
(1) shrimps is heat-treated, so that protein denaturation obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
(2) above-mentioned first part solid is carried out centrifugal, obtain second section liquid and second section solid;
(3) with above-mentioned first part liquid and second section centrifugal, the realization grease separates with other liquid ingredients, obtains the shrimps grease;
(4) the second section solid is squeezed or pushes, with the centrifugal that obtains, obtain the shrimps grease, collect at last the shrimps grease that step (3) and (4) obtain.
Shrimps described in the step (1) are the shrimps that grow in seawater or fresh water environment.
Shrimps described in the step (1) are freezing or fresh shrimps.
Thermal treatment described in the step (1) is for adopting 30-150 ℃ water or steam directly or indirectly to heat 0.5-15min.
Above-mentioned thermal treatment temp is preferably 40-115 ℃, is more preferably 70-105 ℃, and best is 90-97 ℃.
The handling machinery convey materials is adopted in above-mentioned thermal treatment, and wherein the speed of handling machinery is 2-50rpm, is preferably 5-35rpm, is more preferably 8-20rpm, and that best is 9-15rpm.
The whizzer of the centrifugal employing described in the step (2) is generic centrifuge, two-phase whizzer or three-phase centrifuge, is preferably two-phase or three-phase centrifuge.
Then centrifugal for adopting first two-phase or three-phase centrifuge centrifugal described in step (3) and (4) adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to separate.
The rotating speed of centrifugal whizzer is 50-9000rpm described in step (2), (3) and (4), is preferably 800-8500rpm, is more preferably 2500-5500rpm, is more preferably 3500-4700rpm; Centrifuging temperature is 40-121 ℃, is preferably 45-115 ℃, is more preferably 70-105 ℃, and best is 92-97 ℃.
Extruding described in the step (3) is conventional extruded, screw extrusion or twin screw extruding (preferably).
Above-mentioned twin screw extruding is to enter twin-screw extruder by the input material, and with the speed screw extrusion material of 4-100rpm, wherein the temperature of material is 45-99 ℃.
Above-mentioned preferably input speed is 5-50rpm, and input material preferably temperature is 70-97 ℃.
Shrimps of the present invention can be for growing in the shrimps of seawater or fresh water environment.
Preparation process of the present invention should be in cleaning, carries out in the system of sealing.Avoid the introducing of exogenous material, reducing exogenous material may be on the impact of shrimps local flavor and security generation.Method provided by the invention has been simplified technical process, can realize serialization production, has improved production efficiency; The present invention can be directly used in the solvent-free preparation of fishing for floating factory ship or bank base factory shrimps grease.
Described shrimps solid part may be further processed into feed; Perhaps separate by shell meat, collect respectively shell and edibility meat further is processed into chitin or food.
The described shrimps grease that obtains should be stored in plastics or the metal vessel, preferably stainless steel, the perhaps wrapping material of any other food grade and/or pharmaceutical grade; Under room temperature or freezing conditions, keep in Dark Place.For the shelf-lives that prolongs product or slow down oxidation, in grease, add antioxidant.
Method of the present invention is applicable to fish for the floating factory ship, and/or for specific purposes at sea other any production operation unit or factories of design, remaining shrimps product-derived or as byproduct or as the finished product or the combination of the two.The described any method of the claims 1-8 all is applicable on the bank (land) factory.
Described shrimps grease comprises the mixture of phosphatide and astaxanthin etc., can adopt traditional drying, lyophilize, the mixture of doing that spraying drying or the dry shrimps grease of other any forms obtain.
The present invention relates to a kind of non-solvent preparation of shrimps grease, particularly a kind of non-solvent preparation of krill grease, especially krill are fished for the direct processing at scene, floating factory ship.Although the present invention is that to be in particular the solvent-free preparation of krill grease designed, it also is applicable to the solvent-free preparation of other small-sized Crustacean greases.
The present invention has introduced a kind of be applicable on the ship (sea) and/or on the bank (land), obtains the method for grease from fresh or freezing krill.The method is based on the boiling of krill, extruding/squeezing and centrifugal.Adopt present method not have the generation of phosphatide emulsification catalysis phenomenon.The lipid composition that the complete shrimps (particularly krill) of boiling discharge, the grease of liquid portion is rich in neutral fat; Krill after the boiling further is extruded/squeezes to obtain more liquid ingredient.
The inventive method is applicable to fishing for floating factory ship employing, effectively production control time; Can greatly reduce time and space that transport-ship transports raw material and processes goods.When being can realize catching and processing, another advantage of the present invention carries out.In sum, present method is applicable to the oil and fat preparation of shrimps.The primary products, intermediates or the finished product that obtain according to the inventive method both can be applied to related products, also can be used for further processing.
The resulting shrimps grease of the present invention or mixture can be used for food, chemical industry, medicine, the fields such as nutritious prod and makeup.
Adopt present method not have or the generation of rare phosphatide emulsification catalysis phenomenon.The lipid composition that the complete shrimps (particularly krill) of boiling discharge, the grease of liquid portion is rich in neutral fat; Krill after the boiling further is extruded/squeezes to obtain more liquid ingredient.
The invention provides the preparation method of a kind of shrimps (particularly krill) grease, substantive enforcement of the present invention will promote state of the art and the production efficiency that shrimps are fished for floating factory ship and bank base factory, helps to be reached for the important goal that the mankind provide high-quality animal product.
Beneficial effect
(1) preparation method of the present invention has simplified technical process, can realize serialization production, has improved production efficiency; Go for fishing for the floating factory ship, can the more effective production control time, can greatly reduce time and space that transport-ship transports raw material and processes goods, carry out when can also realize catching and processing;
(2) there is not the generation of phosphatide emulsification catalysis phenomenon in preparation method's process of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only to be used for explanation the present invention and be not used in and limit the scope of the invention.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
What the present invention was applicable to shrimps (particularly krill) fishes for floating factory ship or bank base factory, the particularly production of shrimps (particularly krill) in enormous quantities.The present invention has only described possible applying portion in detail, and the inventive method also can be applied to other unstated species.
Embodiment 1
Fresh krill is sent into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 30 ℃, 15min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 2rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
The krill solid part of boiling pumps into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 50rpm, and 40 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
93 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 4500rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6000rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 45 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 5rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 93 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 4500rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains phosphatide with the speed of 6000rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 2
Fresh krill is sent into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 40 ℃, 14min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 10rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid is pumped into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 70rpm, and 50 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
95 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 4800rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6500rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 60 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 15rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 94 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 4800rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 6300rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 3
Fresh krill is sent into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 50 ℃, 20min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 15rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid is pumped into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 75rpm, and 50 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
93 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 4500rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6000rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 45 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 5rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 93 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 4500rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 6000rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 4
Freezing krill is adopted the crushing of piece grinding mill, then send into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 60 ℃, 15min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 20rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid is pumped into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 80rpm, and 60 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
94 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 4800rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6500rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 50 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 25rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 95 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 4800rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 6400rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 5
Freezing krill is adopted the crushing of piece grinding mill, then send into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 70 ℃, 15min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 25rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid is pumped into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 85rpm, and 70 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
95 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 5000rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6600rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 60 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 35rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 96 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 5000rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 6500rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 6
Fresh Euphausia pacifica is sent into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 80 ℃, 15min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 30rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid is pumped into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 90rpm, and 80 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
95 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 5000rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6600rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 60 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 35rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 95 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 4900rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 6500rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 7
Fresh Euphausia pacifica is sent into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 90 ℃, 15min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 35rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid divided by spiral pump pump into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 95rpm, and 80 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
95 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 5200rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6700rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 65 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 40rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 96 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 5000rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 6600rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 8
Fresh Euphausia pacifica is sent into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 95 ℃, 15min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 40rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid is pumped into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 100rpm, and 85 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
100 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 5300rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6800rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 70 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 45rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 95 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 5200rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 6500rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 9
Freezing Euphausia pacifica is adopted the crushing of piece grinding mill, then send into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (water or steam, 100 ℃, 20min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 45rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid is pumped into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 100rpm, and 90 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
96 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 5300rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6800rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 70 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 45rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 98 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 5200rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 6800rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Embodiment 10
Freezing Euphausia pacifica is adopted the crushing of piece grinding mill, then send into continuous steamer by belt conveyer and spiral pump; Hot steam by the continuous steamer with spiral conveyer heat-treat (steam, 150 ℃, 0.5min) make protein denaturation, the speed of spiral conveyer is 50rpm, obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
Above-mentioned first part solid is pumped into two-phase or three-phase centrifuge by spiral pump; Two-phase or three-phase centrifuge adopt 9000rpm, and 121 ℃ are carried out centrifugally, obtain second section liquid and second section solid.
96 ℃ of temperature, adopt spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges first part's liquid and second section liquid, centrifugal with the speed of 9000rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain the grease that contains neutral fat with the speed of 6000rpm, usually do not contain phosphatide.
Be 99 ℃ of inputs with the second section solid in temperature, adopt twin-screw extruder with the speed squeezing of 100rpm, product is squeezing liquid and squeeze cake; Squeeze cake adopts the helicoid screw dryer drying until moisture content is lower than 12%.Squeezing liquid adopts spiral pump to pump into separation centrifuges 95 ℃ of temperature, and is centrifugal with the speed of 9000rpm; Subsequently, adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to obtain grease with the speed of 9000rpm.The solid part and the squeeze cake that obtain can further be processed into feed.
Claims (10)
1. the non-solvent preparation of a shrimps grease comprises:
(1) shrimps is heat-treated, so that protein denaturation obtains first part's solid and first part's liquid;
(2) above-mentioned first part solid is carried out centrifugal, obtain second section liquid and second section solid;
(3) with above-mentioned first part liquid and second section centrifugal, the realization grease separates with other liquid ingredients, obtains the shrimps grease;
(4) the second section solid is squeezed or pushes, with the centrifugal that obtains, obtain the shrimps grease, collect at last the shrimps grease that step (3) and (4) obtain.
2. the non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the shrimps described in the step (1) are the shrimps that grow in seawater or fresh water environment.
3. the non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the shrimps described in the step (1) are freezing or fresh shrimps.
4. the non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the thermal treatment described in the step (1) is for adopting 30-150 ℃ water or steam directly or indirectly to heat 0.5-15min.
5. according to claim 1 or the non-solvent preparation of 4 described a kind of shrimps greases, it is characterized in that: the spiral conveyer convey materials is adopted in the thermal treatment described in the step (1), and wherein the speed of spiral conveyer is 2-50rpm.
6. the non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the whizzer of the centrifugal employing described in the step (2) is two-phase whizzer or three-phase centrifuge.
7. the non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease according to claim 1 is characterized in that: centrifugal for adopting first two-phase or three-phase centrifuge centrifugal described in step (3) and (4), and then adopt the purifying separating centrifuge to separate.
8. the non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the rotating speed of centrifugal whizzer is 50-9000rpm described in step (2), (3) and (4), and centrifuging temperature is 40-121 ℃.
9. the non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the extruding described in the step (4) is screw extrusion or twin screw extruding.
10. the non-solvent preparation of a kind of shrimps grease according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: described twin screw extruding is to enter twin-screw extruder by the input material, with the speed extruding input material of 4-100rpm, the temperature of wherein inputting material is 45-99 ℃.
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