CN102782307A - 用于内燃机的起动机 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/062—Starter drives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
- F02N15/023—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the overrunning type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
- F02N15/025—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the friction type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/043—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer
- F02N15/046—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the gearing including a speed reducer of the planetary type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/062—Starter drives
- F02N15/063—Starter drives with resilient shock absorbers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/062—Starter drives
- F02N15/065—Starter drives with blocking means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N2015/061—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement said axial displacement being limited, e.g. by using a stopper
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的起动机,所述起动机具有以能够相对于驱动轴移动的方式被支承的小齿轮轴,该小齿轮轴是起动小齿轮的支架。为了沿轴向将起动小齿轮固定在小齿轮轴上,将保护套筒插入到小齿轮轴的端面中,其中保护套筒具有沿径向伸出的凸缘,所述凸缘构成用于起动小齿轮的止挡。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种根据独立权利要求1的前序部分所述的用于内燃机的起动机。
技术背景
由DE 3808673A1已知一种用于内燃机的电起动机,该起动机在小齿轮轴上面具有起动小齿轮,所述起动小齿轮需与内燃机的齿圈啮合。小齿轮轴通过离合装置可移动地与电动机的电枢轴连接,并且被所述电枢轴驱动而转动。通过由接通继电控制离合装置使得小齿轮轴被轴向移动,由此使得小齿轮轴上的起动小齿轮与内燃机的齿圈处于啮合。
为了确保当起动小齿轮啮合到内燃机的齿圈中后起动小齿轮仍然能够保持其在小齿轮轴上的轴向位置,必须通过合适的措施对起动小齿轮在小齿轮轴上的位置进行固定。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,通过简单的措施来固定起动小齿轮在起动机的小齿轮轴上的位置。
该目的依据本发明通过权利要求1的特征解决。从属权利要求给出了有利的改进方案。
根据本发明的起动机,例如自由悬臂式起动机,是通过电驱动的并且被用来起动内燃机。小齿轮轴是起动小齿轮的支架,该起动小齿轮在向前推动移动时与内燃机的齿圈相啮合。小齿轮轴的轴向前推移动通常通过接通继电器来实现,通过接通继电器的操作接通杆沿轴向将小齿轮轴向前推到在起动小齿轮和内燃机的齿圈之间的接合位置。到达这个接合位置或者说啮合位置时,通常开关触点闭合,起动电机被接通,该起动电机通常经由变速机构,比如行星齿轮传动机构来驱动小齿轮轴。
为了限制小齿轮轴的轴向前推移动优选地设有止挡装置。另外依据本发明,为了将起动小齿轮固定在小齿轮轴上,还设有其他的止挡装置,该装置包括保护套筒,所述保护套筒被构造为凸缘套筒,并且具有沿径向伸出的凸缘,该凸缘构成用于安装在小齿轮轴上的起动小齿轮的止挡。该保护套筒被插入小齿轮轴的端面内,该小齿轮轴至少在端侧部分被构造为空心轴。保护套筒的径向伸出的凸缘在径向上超出小齿轮轴的外周,并且构成用于安装在小齿轮轴上的起动小齿轮的止挡。
该实施方式的优势在于,可以省去在现有技术中常用的在小齿轮轴上构成止挡装置的锁紧涨圈和止动环。由此减少了止挡装置所必需的部件。另一优势在于保护套筒的环绕封闭的形状,使得它不容易受到转速的影响。另外一个优势在于保护套筒在被构造成空心轴的小齿轮轴的端侧上位于内部的布置,使得小齿轮轴的外周面上的止动装置的布置可以省略,并且小齿轮轴在轴向上可以设计得更短。此外,不必为安装止动环或其他类似部件而在小齿轮轴的外周面上开槽。
原则上为了容纳保护套筒,小齿轮轴无需被整个构造为空心轴,而只要在端侧区域被构造成空心轴就足够,保护套筒可被插入到该空心轴中。但有利的是,小齿轮轴贯穿地被构造为空心轴。
在一种有利的实施方式中,保护套筒同时作为驱动轴的一个安装在小齿轮轴里面的轴套。
根据一种有利的实施方式,保护套筒的径向伸出的凸缘直接贴靠在小齿轮轴的端面上。凸缘沿径向超出小齿轮轴的周面并且构成用于安装在小齿轮轴上的起动小齿轮的端面的轴向止挡。在这种情况下可以考虑下列实施方式:要么起动小齿轮的端面形成一个平面的盘,凸缘在止挡位置紧贴在该盘上,要么在起动小齿轮的端面中加工出一个环形槽用来容纳保护套筒的伸出的凸缘;后面一种实施方式的优点在于,保护套筒的嵌入到环形槽中的凸缘允许起动机在轴向长度上构造地更小的实施方式。
根据一种另外的有利的实施方式,在小齿轮轴的内壁上构造一个环形肩部,保护套筒的轴向端面贴靠在该肩部上。这个环形肩部构成台肩,保护套筒沿轴向支撑在该台肩上。
保护套筒和小齿轮轴之间的连接可以以形状配合连接、传力连接和/或材料连接的方式来实现。比如可以将保护套筒压入到在小齿轮轴的端面容纳部中,由此形成传力连接。附加地或者替代地,可以在保护套筒的外壁部和小齿轮轴的内壁部上构造卡榫元件,所述卡榫元件在插入保护套筒时互相卡入,在此涉及形状配合连接或传力连接。卡榫元件例如被构造为在保护套筒的安装位置相互卡止接合的突起的止动突起部和止动凹部。
附图说明
其他的优点和有利的实施方案可由其他的权利要求、附图说明和附图给出。其中:
图1示出了用于内燃机的起动机的剖视图,其具有小齿轮轴,所述小齿轮轴是起动小齿轮的支架,起动小齿轮通过保护套筒沿轴向固定在小齿轮轴的外周面上,
图2示出了用于内燃机的起动机的另一图示,其中在环形肩部上的保护套筒贴靠在小齿轮轴的内壁上。
在附图中以同样的附图标记代表同样的部件。
具体实施方式
在图1和图2中所示的起动机1用来起动内燃机并且具有一根小齿轮轴2,该小齿轮轴2由电机驱动,在图中未示出的驱动轴由电动机驱动。小齿轮轴2在其自由端侧的区域中是起动小齿轮3的支架,该起动小齿轮是一个分开的、单独的部件并且安装在小齿轮轴2的外周面上,与小齿轮轴不可相对转动地连接。为了起动内燃机,将小齿轮轴2沿轴向向前推动,紧接着设有外齿4的起动小齿轮3和内燃机的齿圈啮合。通过经由驱动轴所产生的小齿轮轴2的转动以及起动小齿轮3的转动,带动内燃机起动。
起动小齿轮3在小齿轮轴2的外周面上的轴向位置一方面通过止动环5以及另一方面通过保护套筒6固定。止动环5可以是例如锁紧涨圈并被推装在小齿轮轴2的外周面上。该小齿轮轴具有位于外部的沿径向突出的台肩,所述止动环5紧贴在该台肩上。起动小齿轮3沿轴向支撑在止动环5上。
保护套筒6设置于与止动环5相对置、位于轴向外部的一侧上,它具有圆柱形的区段7和沿径向伸出的凸缘,该凸缘形成起动小齿轮3的止挡,该起动小齿轮的轴向端面贴靠在凸缘8上。起动小齿轮轴2被设计为空心轴,保护套筒6的圆柱形区段7被压入到小齿轮轴2中,由此产生保护套筒在小齿轮轴内的可靠的配合。保护套筒6的沿径向伸出,向外翻起的凸缘直接贴靠在小齿轮轴2的端面上,并且沿径向延伸直到起动小齿轮3的区域中。
为了起动内燃机,需要把小齿轮轴2包括起动小齿轮3沿着轴向滑出,同时通过转动控制该小齿轮轴2及起动小齿轮3。这些通过接通继电器来实现,所述接通继电器通过接通杆向与小齿轮轴2相连接的带动件9施加力。小齿轮轴2通过被实施为内螺纹的多头螺纹10与驱动轴连接,从而在操纵接通继电器时使小齿轮轴2相对于驱动轴既产生前推运动又产生转动。通过接通继电器的操作,开关触点闭合,紧接着起动电机接通,其驱动运动通过变速机构传递到驱动轴上,又从该驱动轴经过多头螺纹传递到小齿轮轴2上,并由此传递到起动小齿轮5上。在断开接通继电器后,起动过程终止,同时起动电机断开,弹簧11又将小齿轮轴2推回其初始位置。
图2所示的起动机1和在图1中的相似,其工作原理可参照上述实施方式。与第一实施例相比,对小齿轮轴2中的保护套筒6进行了更改。该保护套筒6的圆柱形区段7被构造地相对较短。圆柱形区段7的向内伸入的端面贴靠在小齿轮轴2的内壁上的环形肩部12上,从而该环形肩部12构成保护套筒6的止挡。这种保护套筒6在小齿轮轴2中的可靠的固定是通过小齿轮轴2的内壁上以及保护套筒6的圆柱形区段7的外壁上的卡榫元件13实现的,其中卡榫元件13在保护套筒处于推入位置时位于卡止位置。卡榫元件比如为止动突起部和止动凹部。得益于卡榫元件13的卡止作用,原则上,圆柱形区段7的更短的轴向长度足够了。在需要的情况下,圆柱形区段7被附加地压入到小齿轮轴2中。
在起动小齿轮3的端面上还构造有一个环形肩部14,保护套筒6的径向伸出的凸缘8伸入到该环形肩部中。
起动小齿轮3沿轴向被弹簧元件15施加力,该弹簧元件15支撑在起动机的壳体上,将起动小齿轮3压靠在保护套筒的凸缘8上。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于内燃机的起动机,所述起动机具有以能够相对于起动机(1)的驱动轴移动的方式被支承的小齿轮轴(2),该小齿轮轴是起动小齿轮(3)的支架,所述起动机还具有用于沿轴向固定所述起动小齿轮(3)的止挡装置,其特征在于,所述止挡装置是保护套筒(6),所述保护套筒被插入到至少在端侧被构造为空心轴的小齿轮轴(2)的端面中,其中保护套筒(6)具有沿径向伸出的凸缘(8),所述凸缘构成用于起动小齿轮(3)的止挡。
2.根据权利要求1所述的起动机,其特征在于,所述保护套筒(6)的沿径向伸出的凸缘(8)贴靠在小齿轮轴(2)的端面上。
3.按照权利要求1或2的所述的起动机,其特征在于,所述保护套筒(6)被压入到小齿轮轴(2)中。
4.按照权利要求1到3中任意一项所述的起动机,其特征在于,在所述保护套筒(6)的壁部上以及在所述小齿轮轴(2)的内壁上构造有卡榫元件(13),所述卡榫元件在插入所述保护套筒(6)时相互卡入。
5.根据权利要求4所述的起动机,其特征在于,所述卡榫元件(13)为止动突起部和止动凹部。
6.根据权利要求1到5中任意一项所述的起动机,其特征在于,在所述小齿轮轴(2)的内壁上构造有环形肩部(12),所述保护套筒(6)的端面贴靠在所述环形肩部上。
7.根据权利要求1到6中任意一项所述的起动机,其特征在于,在所述起动小齿轮(3)上构造有位于径向内部的环形肩部(12),所述保护套筒(6)的沿径向伸出的凸缘(8)伸入到该环形肩部中。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的起动机,其特征在于,所述起动小齿轮(3)在背离保护套筒(6)的凸缘(8)的一侧通过止动环(5)轴向固定在所述小齿轮轴(2)上。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010002537A DE102010002537A1 (de) | 2010-03-03 | 2010-03-03 | Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102010002537.2 | 2010-03-03 | ||
PCT/EP2011/052640 WO2011107379A1 (de) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-02-23 | Starter für eine brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN102782307A true CN102782307A (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
CN102782307B CN102782307B (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
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CN201180011716.6A Expired - Fee Related CN102782307B (zh) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-02-23 | 用于内燃机的起动机 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2542774B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102782307B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102010002537A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUE027093T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011107379A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106948993A (zh) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-07-14 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 起动装置以及用于装配起动装置的方法 |
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DE3539360A1 (de) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-05-22 | Société de Paris et du Rhône, Lyon, Rhône | Elektrischer anlasser fuer verbrennungsmotoren |
US4785679A (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1988-11-22 | The Toro Company | Starter motor pinion assembly |
EP0628718A1 (fr) * | 1993-06-09 | 1994-12-14 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Dispositif d'étanchéité de lanceur de démarreur pour moteur à combustion interne et procédé pour la mise en oeuvre d'un tel dispositif |
CN1530537A (zh) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-09-22 | ��ʽ�����װ | 在单向离合器的离合器内部部分上具有止动器的启动器 |
CN1573085A (zh) * | 2003-06-10 | 2005-02-02 | 株式会社电装 | 具有与内燃机的环齿轮啮合的小齿轮的马达驱动的启动机 |
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AT87275B (de) * | 1919-03-21 | 1922-02-10 | Vincent Bendix | Andrehvorrichtung. |
GB1095067A (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1967-12-13 | Mets Owerke Kg Closs Rauch & S | Improvements in gearings for transmitting rotary motion, for example for electricallypower-driven tools |
JPS564842Y2 (zh) * | 1976-10-13 | 1981-02-02 | ||
JPS5892469U (ja) * | 1981-12-17 | 1983-06-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | スタ−タの衝撃吸収機構 |
DE3808673A1 (de) | 1987-03-12 | 1988-09-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Anschlag fuer das ritzel eines starters |
FR2677710A1 (fr) * | 1991-06-13 | 1992-12-18 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Dispositif d'etancheite pour lanceur de demarreur d'un moteur a combustion interne, notamment pour vehicule automobile. |
JPH0835472A (ja) * | 1994-07-22 | 1996-02-06 | Sanshin Ind Co Ltd | エンジンの始動装置 |
-
2010
- 2010-03-03 DE DE102010002537A patent/DE102010002537A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-02-23 HU HUE11707134A patent/HUE027093T2/hu unknown
- 2011-02-23 CN CN201180011716.6A patent/CN102782307B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-02-23 WO PCT/EP2011/052640 patent/WO2011107379A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-02-23 EP EP11707134.0A patent/EP2542774B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (5)
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DE3539360A1 (de) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-05-22 | Société de Paris et du Rhône, Lyon, Rhône | Elektrischer anlasser fuer verbrennungsmotoren |
US4785679A (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1988-11-22 | The Toro Company | Starter motor pinion assembly |
EP0628718A1 (fr) * | 1993-06-09 | 1994-12-14 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | Dispositif d'étanchéité de lanceur de démarreur pour moteur à combustion interne et procédé pour la mise en oeuvre d'un tel dispositif |
CN1530537A (zh) * | 2003-03-11 | 2004-09-22 | ��ʽ�����װ | 在单向离合器的离合器内部部分上具有止动器的启动器 |
CN1573085A (zh) * | 2003-06-10 | 2005-02-02 | 株式会社电装 | 具有与内燃机的环齿轮啮合的小齿轮的马达驱动的启动机 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106948993A (zh) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-07-14 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 起动装置以及用于装配起动装置的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102782307B (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
EP2542774A1 (de) | 2013-01-09 |
EP2542774B1 (de) | 2016-01-27 |
DE102010002537A1 (de) | 2011-09-08 |
HUE027093T2 (hu) | 2016-08-29 |
WO2011107379A1 (de) | 2011-09-09 |
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