CN102780445A - Dual alternating current chopper speed regulation of wound-rotor asynchronous motor - Google Patents
Dual alternating current chopper speed regulation of wound-rotor asynchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to dual alternating current chopper speed regulation of a wound-rotor asynchronous motor, which belongs to the technical field of electrical engineering. Rotor resistance speed regulation has the disadvantages of large energy loss and difficulty in realization of stepless speed regulation. A speed regulating scheme containing an inverter link has the disadvantages of complex system, low power factor and narrow speed regulating range, and is not suitable for low-power motors. A scheme that a main rotor loop contains a direct current chopper link has the disadvantages of large current capacity and poor reliability of a self turn-off element which is used. Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a new technical scheme, i.e. a dual alternating current chopper is used for chopping slip voltage, so as to change an equivalent value of the slip voltage to realize the stepless speed regulation and achieve the effects of more significant energy saving effect, higher power factor, better starting performance and mechanical properties, wider speed regulating range, small current capacity of the self turn-off element and simple and reliable system. The scheme can be used for large speed ratio stepless speed regulation of the wound-rotor asynchronous motor in various sizes and is especially suitable for the situation that impact load often occurs.
Description
One, technical field
Electrotechnics
Two, background technology
Compare with the squirrel-cage asynchronous motor with capacity, wire wound asynchronous motor can obtain less starting current and bigger starting torque, and has the characteristic of rotating speed adjustable.Therefore it is also not fully up to expectations to manage its speed regulating method unexpectedly, but still has obtained extensive use in many departments of national economy.
The speed regulating method of present domestic wire wound asynchronous motor has following several kinds:
What 1, this speed regulating method of rotor series resistance speed was based on critical slip and rotor amounts to resistance proportional relation.The slip energy consumption is on rotor resistance in speed regulation process, so efficient is low, and mechanical property is soft.Because inconvenience changes series impedance through repeatedly switching, so be difficult to realize stepless speed regulation, step speed regulation then can produce rush of current and mechanical oscillation.Metallic resistance is electrically connected electrolyte concentration variation in surperficial high-temperature oxydation and water resistance volume and the water simultaneously, all can change the resistance value influences operational factor, so need often to proofread and correct.But because system is simple and initial investment is few, exchanging hoist engine and handling machinery etc. so far needs also generally to adopt than big starting torque and the frequent equipment that rises, brakes.
One of improvement project of this speed regulating method is that stator inserts scr voltage regula-tor unit in rotor crosstalk resistance, so that after starting is accomplished, realize stepless speed regulation through stator voltage controlling.The negative effect that this scheme is brought is that the system complex degree increases, and the overload capacity of motor reduces, and also can produce high order harmonic component simultaneously and pollute electrical network and interference communications.
Second be after rotor crosstalk resistance, to seal in thyristor installation again, continuously change the substitutional resistance that seals in rotor through regulating the silicon controlled angle of flow, so as to realizing stepless speed regulation.This method only is applicable to the occasion that small-power does not reverse.
2, the essence of SCR cascade speed control tandem control is in the motor rotor loop, to seal in, numerical value continuously adjustable additional electromotive force opposite with the rotor electromotive force phase place slip voltage is changed.Slip voltage becomes direct current through not controlling rectifier bridge during work, gets into the thyristor inversion bridge through reactor then, returns electrical network to electric energy by contravariant transformer again after becoming the alternating voltage with the electrical network same frequency to direct voltage.Regulate the inversion angle and also just changed the back-emf that is sealed in, thereby also just changed the rotating speed of motor.This speed regulating method efficient is than higher, and natural governor control characteristics is also harder, and can realize stepless speed regulation.
Its major defect is that systematic comparison is complicated; Power factor is low, speed adjustable range narrow (economic speed ratio is below 2: 1), and the loss of high-end rotating speed is bigger; The power of causes motor is not fully utilized, and also potential simultaneously " overturning " because of inversion causes serious risk of short-circuits.All must strictness carry out in sequence owing to starting and stopping again, so also should not be in the frequent place use that rises, brakes.The high order harmonic component that has been in operation in addition produces, and can pollute electrical network and interference communications to a certain extent.In view of the foregoing, the series excitation speed governing generally only is used for, high-power and place that speed adjustable range is less, like the Electric Traction of air compressor, pump and blower fan.
3, chopper regulate rotor equivalent rheostatic speed regulation and chopped mode inversion tandem control wire wound asynchronous motor chopping regulating speed be recently change rotor current through the duty that changes commutating voltage mean value to realize stepless speed regulation.The advantage of chopping regulating speed is that efficient and power factor are high.
But will guarantee that when duty ratio is very little average current in the half period is constant, the amplitude of electric current certainly will be very big, and electric current also can be very high to change of time rate di/dt simultaneously.The overvoltage that therefore might produce owing to the silicon chip local overheating and the loop inductance of semiconductor copped wave element is damaged element too greatly.So occurred scheme in early days, realized stepless speed regulation through continuously changing the equivalent resistance that duty recently continuously changes rotor in copped wave element two ends parallel resistance.When duty ratio was 0, rotor current formed the loop through parallel resistance, to obtain the minimum speed of required starting torque, starting current or operation.That Here it is is so-called, and " chopper is regulated the rotor equivalent rheostatic speed regulation." this method energy loss is bigger, so in, high-power should not the use.
Similar with said method, the someone will change parallel connection one cover inverter in copped wave element two ends parallel resistance in the recent period, and the inversion angle is fixed on the minimum position, and Here it is so-called " chopped mode inversion tandem control ".The copped wave element is equivalent to short circuit when duty ratio is 1, and this moment, motor was by the natural characteristic operation; When duty ratio was reduced to 0, the copped wave element was similar in appearance to opening circuit, and inverter works independently, and motor moves under minimum speed, continuously changed duty ratio and can realize motor stepless speed regulation.This scheme operational efficiency and power factor are all than higher.
But after introducing the inversion link, system is complicated more, the potential hazard of also having brought inverter " to overturn " simultaneously.Rotor loop has also increased inductance element, inverter bridge and contravariant transformer pressure drop again on the basis of rectifier bridge and the pressure drop of copped wave element; These pressure drop sums and the motor slip voltage when high speed is compared; Very nearly the same, so must cause high-end rotating speed bigger landing to occur.
This speed regulating method also contains the DC chopped-wave link, promptly also adopts the semiconductor self-turn-off device to make the copped wave element at the back at the slip voltage commutation device of rotor major loop.When duty ratio equals 1, be equivalent to output short-circuit rectifier bridge.This moment, loop voltage equaled 2.34 times of rotor phase voltages.The electric current that flows through the copped wave element then equals the impedance of this voltage divided by two phases, and its value equals 1.17 times of rotor phase current.Because the overload capacity of semiconductor device is very low, normal 1.5～2 times of electric current quotas of selecting element by maximum operating currenbt.And maximum operating currenbt is generally the starting current of motor.When needs heavy-load start or Fraquent start, all need bigger starting torque, so the starting current of motor generally all is arranged on more than 2 times of rated current.The rated current of copped wave element just is not less than 3.5 times of the specified phase current of rotor like this.
Even selection can not guarantee the safety of element like this, this be because the impulse current that when across-the-line starting, stall and inverter " are overturned ", occurs of common electric machine also much larger than this.So exist the potential hazard that causes the element thermal breakdown because of overcurrent protection is malfunctioning.
Owing to receive the influence of rectifier bridge commutation pressure drop and the restriction of inverter minimal reverse angle, make the power factor of this scheme high not enough, minimum speed is also low inadequately; Owing in the process of unnecessary slip energy being returned electrical network, be accompanied by energy loss, its energy-saving effect is also not fully up to expectations again.Just because of above-mentioned various reasons, this speed regulating method awaits further to improve.
Three, summary of the invention
Above-mentioned defective to existing speed regulating method the present invention proposes a brand-new wire wound asynchronous motor speed-regulating scheme.Promptly form compound chopper with the transformer that contains the dc magnetizing winding slip voltage is carried out AC chopping, reach the target of stepless speed regulation so as to the equivalent voltage of control slip voltage with self cut-off device.And receive simultaneously energy-conservation significantly, power factor is higher, starting performance is better, mechanical property is harder, speed adjustable range is wideer, the effect that the self cut-off device current capacity significantly reduces, system is simple and reliable and initial investment is little of use.
Main contents of the present invention except that the principle of winding asynchronous motor AC chopping speed governing and method promptly be compound AC chopper structure and with the connecting method of coiling type asynchronous motor rotor, the control method of motor speed.Explain as follows respectively with regard to foregoing at present.
1, speed control principle is if be divided into some equal period t to per half period of slip voltage, and be b (0≤b＜t), so just cut slip voltage and be slit into many potential pulses, like the V among Fig. 2 " sequential and oscillogram " conduction time in each period
∑Shown in.When t was very little, the envelope of pulse was identical with the waveform of slip voltage, and pulse area A=V
2mSinab, wherein V
2mBe the amplitude of slip voltage, a=0～π.
Can know that by sampling theory when the equal and variform burst pulse of momentum was added on the link with inertia, its effect was basic identical.Momentum means the area of burst pulse.In view of the above, the waveform after above-mentioned cutting apart can use the equivalent sine wave that an amplitude is less, the cycle is identical to replace.If the time segment length of should the equivalence sinusoidal waveform being cut apart also equals t, each period all is in fully energized state, i.e. its pulse duration b
Cp=t, the amplitude of establishing equivalent waveform again is V
Cpm, pulse area is A
Cp, then have
A
CP=V
CpmSinab
Cp=V
CpmSinat=A=V
2mSinab, i.e. V
Cpm=V
2mB/t.If duty ratio Z=b/t, then V
Cpm=ZV
2mThat is to say, just can change equivalent voltage V as long as change duty ratio Z
CpSize.
If increase duty ratio Z, equivalent voltage V
CpRise equivalent current I
CpStrengthen, so torque increases, motor speed rises; Slip voltage reduces thereupon, and Icp descends, and when Icp equaled the rotor current before duty ratio increases, motor was to settle out under the high rotating speed at one more originally.Vice versa, so realized the control to motor speed.
V among rotor loop voltage/current waveform after the copped wave and equivalent voltage/current waveform such as Fig. 2
∑/ I
∑Shown in Vcp/Icp.
Since the energising of each pulse period constantly almost all electromagnetic energy all changed into the mechanical energy of motor output shaft end, and be 0 to have basically no energy loss, so chopping regulating speed has very high efficient at the power-off time Nei Zeyin of pulse period voltage.
When copped wave not, owing to there is the rotor leakage inductance, when slip voltage had carried out the transition to negative half period, positive direction a period of time that electric current but still keeps original was constant, made that during this period of time power is for negative.Be the energy that leakage inductance is drawn from electrical network at positive half cycle, all return electrical network again at negative half period, causes rotor power factor Cos Φ
2Lower.
And after copped wave, from V
∑/ I
∑Figure can find out that the energy that rotor is drawn from electrical network is no longer returned electrical network, so Cos Φ
2Numerical value improve a lot.Can know from the polar plot of asynchronous motor, along with rotor power-factor angle Φ
2Reduce stator power-factor angle Φ
1Also will reduce, so the chopping regulating speed motor has higher power factor thereupon.
2, the structure of compound AC chopper and AC chopping principle
1) structure of compound AC chopper and connecting method be in order to realize the cutting apart of slip voltage, and being chosen in rotor loop, to seal in the additional electromotive force opposite with the slip voltage-phase, that amplitude equates discontinuously more appropriate.The current channel of rotor loop can not blocked when copped wave like this, can overvoltage is suppressed so as to discharging the leakage inductance energy storage.Therefore the gap of potential pulse also has little charge to flow simultaneously, thereby plays the effect that reduces the motor torque degree of pulsatility.
Compound AC chopper based on this viewpoint is made up of three single-phase compound AC choppers of identical in structure.The organization plan of its A phase is shown in Fig. 1 " the compound AC chopping speed control principle of wire wound asynchronous motor figure " (right side).It is by two self cut-off devices (IGBT or MOFET or GTO etc.) (T
A1, T
A2-) and two diode (D
A1, D
A2) and two (R-C) capacitance-resistance absorption plant formed the DC chopped-wave link, (B) forms the AC chopping link by transformer.And being provided with one, transformer (B) is with a tapped dc magnetizing winding (ax) and an AC Windings (AX).
When self cut-off device is selected IGBT, T
A1, T
A2Grid be connected on resistance R respectively through connecting line IGBTA1 and IGBTA2
G1And R
G2On; Collector electrode all links to each other with the positive pole of DC power supply E; Emitter then respectively and D
A1, D
A2Positive pole be connected together.D
A1, D
A2Negative pole be connected on successively on the two ends a and x of ax winding, the centre tap of ax then is connected with the negative pole of DC power supply E.Two couples of R-C are connected in parallel on T respectively
A1And T
A2Emitter and collector between.The A of the AX winding of transformer terminates at rotor A phase winding MA
2Slip ring HH
AEjector on, X end then with artificial 0. 0 ' be connected.
2) the AC chopping principle can be known from Fundamentals of Circuits Analysis, and the inductance of Transformer Winding is very big, and exciting curent is minimum, can be approximately memoryless no part, does not possess the ability of stored magnetic energy basically.So, one of which, the winding of transformer sealed in circuit after, very little to the power factor influence of circuit.They are two years old; In a single day the winding of transformer inserts excitation voltage U (t), will induced voltage
and receive the constraint of formula
in the winding two ends.R is a group in the winding in the formula, and i (t) is an exciting curent.Because r and i (t) are very little, thus
be induced voltage basically with the excitation voltage balance.
In other words, if be connected on the AX winding of transformer (B) the slip ring HH of motor
AAnd manual work 0. 0 ' between, V is promptly arranged
AO '≈ V
AX(V wherein
AO 'Be slip ring HH
AAnd artificial 0. 0 ' between pressure, V
AXInduced voltage for the AX winding), equal in rotor loop, to seal in an additional electromotive force V that phase place is opposite with slip voltage
AXBecause the exciting curent of transformer (B) is very little, the leakage reactance of rotor can be ignored with respect to the excitatory reactance of transformer (B), so V
AO '≈ SE
2≈ V
AX, i.e. SE
2And V
AXAlgebraical sum be approximately 0.E wherein
2Rotor phase electromotive force when being revolutional slip S=1.
If make the iron core of transformer (B) at the positive and negative half cycle of slip voltage be in the magnetic saturation state that be interrupted by certain duty ratio this moment, because after the magnetic saturation unshakable in one's determination
SE
2And V
AXAlgebraical sum will be because of V
AX≈ 0 then approximate SE
2So, realized the slip voltage waveform being cut apart by duty ratio.
Can know from top analysis, as long as the copped wave elements T
A1, T
A2The duty ratio of drive signal can be regulated easily, and wire wound asynchronous motor just can use compound AC chopper to realize stepless speed regulation.
3, the pulse voltage signal V of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio
MAnd T
A1, T
A2Drive signal
The duty ratio that is used for motor speed adjusting requires the adjustable range of broad, reaction speed and higher degree of regulation faster.For satisfying above-mentioned requirements, should be by means of the digital circuit that with the monolithic computer is the control core.Existing deciding with potentiometer makes element, and the revolution speed control system that adjusting speed accuracy is had higher requirements is an example, the pulse voltage signal V of brief description EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio
MAnd T
A1, T
A2The acquisition methods of drive signal does not relate to the concrete parameter of element and the real work program of computer.
Shown in Fig. 1 (left side), revolution speed control system is made up of power circuit, microcontroller system, synchronous circuit and logical circuit.
1) power circuit provides power supply for each assembly.
2) microcontroller system is used to produce duty ratio by the main potentiometer R that makes
AThe pulse voltage signal V of control
MMust introduce for obtaining higher adjusting speed accuracy by R
A-R
BThe main speed closed loop system that makes signal generator, f/V frequency/voltage modular converter and ST speed setting unit form.8 A/D conversion chip U are sent in its output
2, then send single-chip microcomputer U through the digital signal that the A/D conversion is obtained
0I/O mouth P3.6.
Make the motor free-runing operation; Regulate the gain of f/V, make the rotating speed negative feedback be in a certain degree of depth; With potentiometer R
A, R
BAll place the resistance maximum; Regulate R
BMake the full scale indicator light LED of A/D chip just bright.Just be divided into 256 gears from 0 to maximum speed like this.Corresponding with it, be divided into 256 parts to the pulsewidth of maximum duty cycle (approximating 1) by the principle that jump equates, calculate timer T one by one from 1-256 part
0The timing initial value, and these 256 timing initial values are left in a certain section continuation address of program storage by from small to large order successively with the form of form.Timer T
1Then be used to be provided with the Cycle Length t of pulse signal.So just become pulse width (corresponding motor speed) function of position, made R
ACorner and pulse duration between set up relation one to one.
Computer takes out corresponding pulsewidth timing initial value with the rotary speed information of P3..6 mouth as the address offset amount and send To from form, in time zero P1.0 is put 1, after To overflows with P1.0 clear 0.Treat to read rotary speed information from the P3.6 mouth once more when T1 also overflows, again P1.0 is put 1 after tabling look-up.So repeatedly just can be in real time with R
AThe rotating speed control information of sending becomes the pulse voltage signal V of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio
M, and export from P1.0.
The turn-off time of self cut-off device is constant basically.Though the pulse period is more little can reduce motor torque degree of pulsatility, reduce high order harmonic component to the pollution of electrical network with to the interference of communication, but reduced the total conduction time in the slip voltage half cycle, thereby the high-end rotating speed of motor is descended.Therefore when strobe pulse Cycle Length t, should weigh the advantages and disadvantages according to actual conditions.Can certainly adopt segmentation that the method for t value is set, promptly adopt bigger t value in motor higher rotation speed section.
V
MSignal must A, B, C three-phase are shared, otherwise will cause artificial 0. 0 ' drift.
3) T
A1, T
A2Drive signal produce by logical circuit.
Logical circuit is with V
MSignal and synchronous circuit (being the zero level detector) output
With after send U
5A, then the signal behind the power amplifier is injected driver 1, to obtain T
A1Drive signal, make it to be interrupted admittance at the positive half cycle of slip voltage.And V
MAnd V
L1With after send U
5B, then the signal behind the power amplifier is injected driver 2, to obtain T
A2Drive signal, make it to be interrupted admittance at the negative half period of slip voltage.Obviously, T
A1, T
A2The pulsewidth of drive signal and V
MBe identical, thereby also will be with the main potentiometer R that makes
ACorner change and change.
Synchronous circuit and logical circuit all must the phase-splitting settings.
4, main components and parts quota
1) transformer (B)
Transformer (B) at first must be single-phase, otherwise the magnetic flux phenomenon that " is at loggerheads " when dc magnetizing, can occur, makes magnetic flux form the loop through air, causes magnetic resistance significantly to increase.
The rated current of the AC Windings AX of transformer (B) is identical with the rated current of coiling type asynchronous motor rotor; Rotor phase voltage E when rated voltage then equals revolutional slip S=1
2
The magnetic potential that the dc magnetizing winding ax of transformer (B) is produced should make the fully magnetic saturation unshakable in one's determination of transformer B.When the number of turn of the half turn number of ax winding and AX winding was identical, the rated current of ax winding should be got 2 times of AX winding exciting curent.
The capacity of transformer (B) then equals the product of AX winding rated voltage and rated current.When rated voltage, iron core should be near the magnetic saturation state.And when motor needed plug braking, cross section unshakable in one's determination then should take the circumstances into consideration to strengthen, otherwise because of SE
2＞E
2Exciting curent is increased, and transformer (B) will no longer be memoryless element, and the power factor when causing braking reduces and the idle component of stalling current increases.
2) self cut-off device T
A1, T
A2And diode D
A1, D
A2
Because T
A1, T
A2, D
A1, D
A2Be the half period energising,, be 1.5 times of AX winding exciting curent so their rated current should be the half the of ax winding rated current and multiply by 1.5 times of coefficient of safetys; Rated voltage then equals to be in ceiling voltage and T at the AX winding
A1, T
A2Half the and the DC power supply voltage sum of ax winding terminal voltage during shutoff, and multiply by 3 times of coefficient of safetys again.
5, feasibility analysis
1) wire wound asynchronous motor can obtain bigger starting torque under less starting current, and it is substituted that this is that squirrel-cage asynchronous motor with capacity is difficult to, so wire wound asynchronous motor will be as branch's long-term existence of asynchronous motor.
2) compound AC chopping speed governing (hereinafter to be referred as new departure) property/price ratio is higher.
A, better energy-saving effect is arranged than chopped mode inversion tandem control.As previously mentioned, this is that new departure is then only drawn energy needed because being accompanied by energy loss in the process of unnecessary slip energy foldback electrical network.
B, higher power factor is arranged than chopped mode inversion tandem control.This is because new departure does not need rectification and inversion.
C, speed adjustable range are wideer.This is to come from transformer very high overload capacity is arranged, and allows long-time running under extremely low duty ratio, so the rotating speed low side can be from 0 accent; Because new departure does not need rectification and inversion, there is not corresponding tube voltage drop, again so high-end more near no-load speed.
D, better starting performance is arranged.The power factor of new departure when starting is higher than other scheme, thereby under identical stator voltage and stator current, rotor can obtain bigger active power.And the active power of rotor equals the product of torque and angular speed, so under unequal angular velocity, can obtain bigger starting torque.Again because transformer has very high overload capacity, so when power supply and line condition permission, motor can across-the-line starting.
E and tandem control are similar, and new departure also is through in rotor circuit, sealing in the back-emf speed governing, thereby also similar with tandem control, and harder mechanical property is arranged.But because the efficient of new departure is higher, so mechanical property is also harder.
F, new departure allow motor at four quadrant work, applied range.And when doing running under braking, can kinetic energy be converted into feeding electric energy to electrical network, more economical.
The current capacity of g, the employed self cut-off device of new departure is littler than the scheme that rotor major loop has the DC chopped-wave link.As previously mentioned, in the DC chopped-wave link of rotor major loop, the electric current of self cut-off device is not less than 3.5 times of rotor rated current by norm.When adopting compound AC chopping speed governing, the electric current of self cut-off device is 1.5 times of AX winding exciting curent by norm.And the exciting curent of AX winding is merely 0.01-0.1 times (less numerical value is used for the bigger transformer of capacity) of AX winding rated current (being the rotor rated current); So the current capacity of the single self cut-off device of new departure is about 1/240～1/24 of other scheme, total capacity then is about 1/40～1/4.
The maximum current capacity of MOSFET element has only 100A at present; The drive current of GTO element is up to 1/5 of its rated current; The IBGT element then costs an arm and a leg because of the manufacturing process complicacy.On the other hand, the electric current of element is more little, and its heat dissipating method and installation method are all fairly simple.Therefore the current capacity that reduces self cut-off device has certain realistic meaning.
J is different with other scheme, and new departure rotor main circuit adopts transformer copped wave, and its overload capacity is very strong, the long several times of time ratio semiconductor self cut-off device of the electric current that allows to withstand shocks.The self cut-off device of new departure is in the dc magnetizing loop, and it is little and stable to load, and therefore the possibility that does not exist overcurrent to puncture has improved reliability of operation greatly.
K, because the envelope of rotor equivalent voltage, electric current all approaches sine wave, so new departure is to the pollution of electrical network and all smaller to the interference of communication.
L, little and simple because of new departure system, manufacturing cost and operating cost are cheap.
3) also because system is simple and succinct, the used components and parts of circuit are conventional part, be prone to buy be prone to make, so manufacturability and maintenanceability are all good.
Four, description of drawings
1, Fig. 1 is " the compound AC chopping speed control principle of wire wound asynchronous motor figure ".Fig. 1 (right side) shows the operation principle of compound AC chopper A phase.B is identical with it mutually with C mutually.DC power supply E, three-phase is shared.
The title and the effect of the implication of each label and each first device among the figure are explained in the structure of the compound AC chopper of chapter 3 the 2nd joint and AC chopping principle, do not repeat.
Fig. 1 (left side) below is the control circuit power supply.Wherein Vcc supplies single-chip microcomputer U
0, watchdog chip U
1, A/D conversion chip U
2, speed setting unit ST, frequency/voltage modular converter f/v, not gate U
3, two inputs with the door U
4, power amplifier chip U
5, LED light and zero level detector use; + 12V power supply supplies the main signalling R that makes
A-R
BUse with driver;-8V power supply then supplies zero level detector and driver to use.
The upper left side of Fig. 1 (left side) is a SCM system, and its function is to produce duty ratio by the main pulse signal V that makes signal controlling
M, by f/v, R
A-R
B, ST, U
2, U
1And U
0Form.
The upper right side of Fig. 1 (left side) is a logical circuit, and it is with the output signal V of zero level detector
LJAWith pulse signal V
MBe processed into the required drive signal of dc magnetizing, by U
3, U
4And U
5Form.
2, Fig. 2 is " sequential and an oscillogram ".
V
A0' be rotor A phase slip ring HH
APlace and artificial 0. 0 ' between voltage waveform.
V
LJAIt is the output waveform of rotor A phase zero level detector.It and V
MAnd after make T between the slip voltage negative half period
A2Drive signal.
V
MIt is the pulse signal of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio.V
MCycle be t, pulsewidth is b, 0≤b＜t.
V+/I+ and V-/I-are respectively the dc magnetizing voltage and current of transformer (B) ax winding at the positive and negative half cycle of slip voltage.
V
AXTerminal voltage for transformer (B) AX winding.T
A1, T
A2When ending simultaneously, V
AX≈ V
A0' ≈ SE
2
V
∑Be the rotor main circuit voltage, approximate SE on the numerical value
2And V
AXAlgebraical sum.I
∑Be rotor current, as duty ratio hour I
∑Be interrupted I when duty ratio is big
∑Be continuous, I among the figure
∑Then be in critical condition.
V
CPAnd I
CPBe respectively V
∑And I
∑Equivalent voltage and equivalent current.
Five, embodiment
1, this programme can replace existing various wire wound asynchronous motor speed-regulating schemes.
2, this programme wire wound asynchronous motor of can be used for various electric pressures and various power grades is done large speed ratio stepless speed regulation.
3, this programme is particularly suitable for using in the occasion that often has impact load to occur.
Claims (5)
1. speed regulating method: wire wound asynchronous motor can be realized stepless speed regulation by the method for change in duty cycle through the slip voltage chopping being made its equivalent voltage.
2. AC chopping method: in alternating current circuit, seal in the additional electromotive force that the real-time voltage phase place is opposite, amplitude is identical (or close) with this circuit power discontinuously, can realize AC chopping by duty ratio.
As one of concrete grammar; Shown in Fig. 1 (right side); Be the AC Windings AX (AX can be considered high induction reactance ironcore choke, down together) that in the rotor main circuit, seals in transformer (B), and give the direct current winding ax energising of transformer (B) by the pulse duration of duty ratio; Make it to produce the pulse magnetic potential identical with exchanging the magnetic potential direction, the size of pulse magnetic potential is then so that the iron core of transformer (B) is in abundant magnetic saturation is as the criterion.
3. the primary structure of compound AC chopper and connecting method:
The compound AC chopper that is used for the wire wound asynchronous motor speed governing is made up of three single-phase compound AC choppers of identical in structure.Shown in Fig. 1 (right side), single-phase compound AC chopper is by two self cut-off device (TA
1, TA
2), two diode (DA
1, DA
2) and two cover capacitance-resistance absorption plant R-C etc. form the DC chopped-wave link of compound AC choppers; The AC chopping link of forming compound AC chopper by transformer (B).Transformer (B) is provided with an AC Windings (AX) and one and is with tapped dc magnetizing winding (ax).
When self cut-off device is selected IGBT for use, TA
1, TA
2Grid connect the drive pulse signal circuit of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio; TA1, TA
2Collector electrode all link with the positive pole of DC power supply E; TA
1, TA
2Emitter then respectively and DA
1, DA
2Positive pole be connected together; DA
1, DA
2Negative pole be connected on successively on the two ends a and x of ax winding of transformer (B); The centre tap of ax winding then is connected with the negative pole of DC power supply E; Two couples of R-C are connected in parallel on TA respectively
1, TA
2Emitter and collector between; The A of the AX winding of transformer (B) terminates at rotor ring (HH
A) ejector on, X end then with artificial 0. 0 ' be connected.
4. pulse voltage signal (the V of EDM Generator of Adjustable Duty Ratio
M) be that the compound AC chopper institute of rotor A, B, C three-phase is shared, but the zero level detector then must the phase-splitting setting.
5. the magnetic circuit of the transformer of each mutually compound AC chopper (B) must be independent.
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| CN201110117116.XA CN102780445B (en) | 2011-05-09 | 2011-05-09 | Dual alternating current chopper speed regulation of wound-rotor asynchronous motor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103501128A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-08 | 上海理工大学 | Two-element chopping directional coupling isolation converter |
| CN113285635A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system |
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| CN1105164A (en) * | 1993-11-15 | 1995-07-12 | 吴湘汉 | Energy saving speed regulating device of wound motor |
| CN1143278A (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 1997-02-19 | 张学亮 | Winding rotor ac induction speed regulation motor |
| CN1601886A (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2005-03-30 | 王有元 | Brushless d,c, motor |
| CN2757194Y (en) * | 2004-10-30 | 2006-02-08 | 陈生宽 | AC contactless point compensating voltage stabilizing power supply |
| US7102326B1 (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2006-09-05 | Fego Precision Industrial Co., Ltd. | Motor speed variator and a driving method thereof |
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| CN1105164A (en) * | 1993-11-15 | 1995-07-12 | 吴湘汉 | Energy saving speed regulating device of wound motor |
| CN1143278A (en) * | 1996-02-08 | 1997-02-19 | 张学亮 | Winding rotor ac induction speed regulation motor |
| CN1601886A (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2005-03-30 | 王有元 | Brushless d,c, motor |
| CN2757194Y (en) * | 2004-10-30 | 2006-02-08 | 陈生宽 | AC contactless point compensating voltage stabilizing power supply |
| US7102326B1 (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2006-09-05 | Fego Precision Industrial Co., Ltd. | Motor speed variator and a driving method thereof |
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| 甄亚，王兵树，殷利杰: "斩波串级调速系统功率因数的分析", 《电机与控制应用》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103501128A (en) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-08 | 上海理工大学 | Two-element chopping directional coupling isolation converter |
| CN113285635A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system |
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| CN102780445B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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