CN113285635A - Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system - Google Patents
Multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113285635A CN113285635A CN202110594067.2A CN202110594067A CN113285635A CN 113285635 A CN113285635 A CN 113285635A CN 202110594067 A CN202110594067 A CN 202110594067A CN 113285635 A CN113285635 A CN 113285635A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/0085—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed
- H02P21/0089—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed using field weakening
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
- H02P23/26—Power factor control [PFC]
Abstract
The invention discloses a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system, belongs to the field of motors, and aims to solve the problems that an existing permanent magnet synchronous motor needs a rotor position sensor, the system structure is complex, the reliability is low, and the system power factor is low. The invention comprises an n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, an m-phase alternating current chopping unit, an m-phase reactor group and an n-phase power converter, wherein a magnetic field control winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the m-phase alternating current chopping unit; leading-out wires of all phases of the m-phase reactor group in star connection are connected with an alternating current input end of the m-phase alternating current chopping unit; the armature winding is connected with the output end of the n-phase power converter; the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below the basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the m-phase alternating current chopper unit is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the speed is reduced by gradually reducing the duty ratio of the m-phase alternating current chopper unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a topological structure of a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor and a magnetic field control method thereof, belonging to the field of motors.
Background
At present, a permanent magnet synchronous motor mostly adopts a weak magnetic speed regulation technology to expand the constant power running speed range of a system. The idea of field weakening control comes from the field adjusting control of the separately excited direct current motor. When the voltage of the separately excited dc motor reaches the limit voltage, in order to allow the motor to operate at a higher rotation speed with constant power, the exciting current of the motor should be reduced to ensure the voltage balance. The equation for the rotational speed (angular velocity) of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is:
the excitation magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is generated by a permanent magnet and cannot be adjusted, the excitation magnetomotive force cannot be conveniently controlled by excitation current like a separately excited direct current motor, and when u is equal to ulimWhen the rotation speed needs to be increased continuously, only the adjustment i is neededdAnd iqThe method is realized by increasing the direct-axis demagnetization current component and reducing the quadrature-axis current component of the motor so as to maintain the voltage balance relationship and obtain the 'weak magnetic' effect. The former 'weak magnetic' capability is directly related to the direct-axis inductance of the motor, and the latter is related to the quadrature-axis inductance. Since the motor phase current also has a limit, the quadrature current should be reduced accordingly, after the increase the demagnetization current component while ensuring that the armature current does not exceed the current limit. Therefore, the purpose of flux weakening and speed expansion is generally achieved by increasing the direct-axis demagnetization current.
However, this speed regulation method has the following disadvantages: a rotor position sensor is required in the system, the system is complex in structure and low in reliability; the current control difficulty is high; the system power factor is low; the inverter has large capacity and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that an existing permanent magnet synchronous motor needs a rotor position sensor, the system structure is complex, the reliability is low, and the system power factor is low, and provides a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system.
The first technical scheme is as follows: the multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system comprises an n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a first m-phase alternating current chopping unit, a first m-phase reactor group and a first n-phase power converter, wherein m is more than or equal to 3, n is more than or equal to 3, the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor, the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, and the stator winding comprises an armature winding and a magnetic field control winding; the magnetic field control winding is an m-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit; the first m-phase reactor group is connected in a star shape, and each phase outgoing line of the first m-phase reactor group is connected with the alternating current input end of the first m-phase alternating current chopper unit; the armature winding is an n-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first n-phase power converter;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below the basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the first-number m-phase alternating-current chopper unit is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the base speed in a high-speed state, the speed is reduced by gradually reducing the duty ratio of the first m-phase alternating current chopper unit.
Preferably, the magnetic field control device further comprises a second m-phase alternating current chopping unit, a second m-phase reactor group and an m-phase compensation capacitor group, wherein one end of each capacitor of the m-phase compensation capacitor group is connected with an outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding, and the other end of each capacitor of the m-phase compensation capacitor group is connected with an alternating current input end of the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit; leading-out wires of all phases of the second m-phase reactor group are connected with the alternating current input end of the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below the basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the first-number m-phase alternating-current chopper unit is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the speed is reduced by gradually reducing the duty ratio of the first m-phase alternating-current chopper unit; when the speed is reduced to be below the basic speed and the speed reduction is required to be continued, the speed is reduced by gradually increasing the duty ratio of the two-phase m-phase alternating current chopper unit.
Preferably, the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit and the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit have the same structure and comprise a rectifying circuit, a chopper circuit and a buffer circuit;
the chopper circuit is composed of 1 switching tube, the rectifier circuit is composed of 2m diodes, and the buffer circuit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor; m diodes in 2m diodes of the rectifying circuit are connected in common with the cathode, the cathode is used as the anode of the rectifying circuit, the other m diodes are connected in common with the anode, and the anode is used as the cathode of the rectifying circuit; the anodes of the m diodes connected with the common cathode are respectively connected with the cathodes of the m diodes connected with the common anode, and the connection point is used as m alternating current input ends of a first m alternating current chopping unit or a second m alternating current chopping unit; the collector of the switch tube in the chopper circuit is connected with the anode of the rectifier circuit, and the emitter is connected with the cathode of the rectifier circuit; one end of a capacitor in the buffer circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the rectifying circuit, the other end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of a diode and one end of a resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with the positive electrode of the rectifying circuit.
Preferably, the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit and the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit have the same structure and comprise chopping rectification circuits and buffer circuits;
the chopping rectification circuit consists of 2m switching tubes; the buffer circuit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor; m switching tubes in 2m switching tubes of the chopping rectification circuit are connected in a common collector mode, the collector serves as the anode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other m switching tubes are connected in a common emitter mode, and the emitter serves as the cathode of the chopping rectification circuit; the common collector is connected with the emitting electrodes of the m switch tubes and is respectively connected with the collector electrodes of the m switch tubes connected with the common emitter, and the connection point is used as m alternating current input ends of a first m-phase alternating current chopping unit or a second m-phase alternating current chopping unit; one end of a capacitor in the buffer circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of a diode and one end of a resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with the positive electrode of the chopping rectification circuit.
Preferably, the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit and the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit have the same structure and comprise a chopper circuit and a buffer circuit;
the chopper circuit is composed of 2m switching tubes; the buffer circuit is composed of 2m diodes, 2m capacitors and 2m resistors; emitting electrodes of every 2 of 2m switch tubes in the chopper circuit are connected together to form 1 alternating current switch in an inverse series connection mode, the 2m switch tubes form m alternating current switches in total, collecting electrodes of m switch tubes in the m alternating current switches are connected together, and collecting electrode leading-out wires of the m switch tubes are used as m alternating current input ends of a first-number m alternating current chopper unit or a second-number m alternating current chopper unit; the buffer circuit is composed of 2m buffer circuit units, each buffer circuit unit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor, each buffer circuit unit is connected with two ends of a switch tube in parallel, one end of the capacitor in each buffer circuit unit is connected with an emitting electrode of the switch tube, the other end of the capacitor is connected with a cathode of the diode and one end of the resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with a collector of the switch tube.
Preferably, the switching tube adopts an IGBT type high-power semiconductor device.
The second technical scheme is as follows: the multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system comprises an n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a first n-phase power converter and a second m-phase power converter, wherein m is more than or equal to 3, and n is more than or equal to 3; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, the stator winding comprises an armature winding and a magnetic field control winding, the magnetic field control winding is an m-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the m-phase alternating current winding is connected with the output end of the second m-phase power converter; the armature winding is an n-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first n-phase power converter;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below a basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the second m-phase power converter working in an alternating current chopper state is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the duty ratio of the second-number m-phase power converter is gradually reduced.
Preferably, the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a radial magnetic field structure or an axial magnetic field structure; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a single-stator structure or a multi-stator structure; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts an inner rotor structure or an outer rotor structure; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a single-rotor structure or a multi-rotor structure.
Preferably, the rotor of the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is of an embedded permanent magnet structure.
Preferably, the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor system is an electric motor system or a generator system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the system of the invention does not need to be matched with a rotor position sensor, so that the system structure is simplified; the system has wide magnetic field adjusting range and simple control method; the power factor of the system is high, and the efficiency is high; the method can be applied to a motor system with a wide constant power speed regulation range and a generator system with a wide constant voltage output range. The invention has good application prospect in the fields of electric vehicle driving systems, electric main shaft systems, flywheel energy storage systems, variable-speed power generation and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to an embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to a second embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an AC chopper unit according to a fourth embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an AC chopper unit according to a fifth embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an ac chopper unit according to a sixth embodiment.
In the figure: 1. an armature winding; 2. a magnetic field control winding; 3. a number m phase reactor bank; 4. a first n-phase power converter; 5. a first m-phase AC chopper unit; 6. a second m-phase AC chopper unit; 7. a second m-phase reactor group; 8. an m-phase compensation capacitor bank; 9. a second n-phase power converter.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the following description of the present embodiment is made with reference to fig. 1, and the multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to the present embodiment includes an n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, an m-phase ac chopper unit, an m-phase reactor group, and an n-phase power converter, where m is greater than or equal to 3, n is greater than or equal to 3, the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a stator and a rotor, the stator includes a stator core and a stator winding, and the stator winding includes an armature winding and a field control winding; the magnetic field control winding is an m-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit; the first m-phase reactor group is connected in a star shape, and each phase outgoing line of the first m-phase reactor group is connected with the alternating current input end of the first m-phase alternating current chopper unit; the armature winding is an n-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first n-phase power converter;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below the basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the first-number m-phase alternating-current chopper unit is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the base speed in a high-speed state, the speed is reduced by gradually reducing the duty ratio of the first m-phase alternating current chopper unit.
The embodiment adjusts the speed by adjusting the magnetic field, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the motor works in a motor state and needs to continuously increase the speed above a base speed, the duty ratio of the m-phase alternating current chopper unit is controlled, and then alternating current in the magnetic field control winding is regulated, wherein the higher the rotating speed is, the larger the duty ratio is, the larger the alternating current is, and the alternating current generates magnetomotive force with demagnetizing property, so that an air gap magnetic field is weaker; when it is necessary to decelerate to the base speed in the high-speed state, the duty ratio of the m-phase alternating current chopper unit is gradually reduced.
A specific example is given: the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor system mainly comprises a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a first three-phase alternating current chopping unit and a first three-phase power converter. The three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor mainly comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator mainly comprises a stator iron core and a stator winding, and the stator winding comprises an armature winding and a magnetic field control winding. The rotor mainly comprises a rotor iron core and a permanent magnet. The magnetic field control winding is a three-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the first three-phase alternating current chopping unit; each phase lead-out wire of the first three-phase reactor group is connected with the alternating current input end of the first three-phase alternating current chopping unit; the armature winding is a three-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first three-phase power converter.
The second embodiment is as follows: the following describes the present embodiment with reference to fig. 2, where the multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to the present embodiment includes an n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a first m-phase ac chopper unit, a first m-phase reactor group, a first n-phase power converter, a second m-phase ac chopper unit, a second m-phase reactor group, and an m-phase compensation capacitor group, where m is greater than or equal to 3, n is greater than or equal to 3, the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a stator and a rotor, the stator includes a stator core and a stator winding, and the stator winding includes an armature winding and a field control winding; the magnetic field control winding is an m-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit; the first m-phase reactor group is connected in a star shape, and each phase outgoing line of the first m-phase reactor group is connected with the alternating current input end of the first m-phase alternating current chopper unit; the armature winding is an n-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first n-phase power converter;
one end of each capacitor of the m-phase compensation capacitor bank is connected with one outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding, and the other end of each capacitor of the m-phase compensation capacitor bank is connected with one alternating current input end of the second-order m-phase alternating current chopping unit; leading-out wires of all phases of the second m-phase reactor group are connected with the alternating current input end of the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below the basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the first-number m-phase alternating-current chopper unit is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the speed is reduced by gradually reducing the duty ratio of the first m-phase alternating-current chopper unit; when the speed is reduced to be below the basic speed and the speed reduction is required to be continued, the speed is reduced by gradually increasing the duty ratio of the two-phase m-phase alternating current chopper unit.
The embodiment adjusts the speed by adjusting the magnetic field, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the motor works in a motor state and needs to continuously increase the speed above a base speed, controlling the duty ratio of a first m-phase alternating current chopper unit, and further adjusting alternating current in a magnetic field control winding, wherein the higher the rotating speed is, the larger the duty ratio is, the larger the alternating current is, and the alternating current generates magnetomotive force with demagnetizing property, so that an air gap magnetic field is weaker; when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the duty ratio of the first m-phase alternating-current chopping unit is gradually reduced, when the speed is reduced to be lower than the basic speed, the duty ratio of the first m-phase alternating-current chopping unit is changed to zero, and the duty ratio of the second m-phase alternating-current chopping unit is gradually increased along with the continuous reduction of the speed.
A specific example is given: the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor system mainly comprises a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a three-phase compensation capacitor bank, two three-phase reactor banks, two three-phase alternating current chopping units and a three-phase power converter.
The three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, and the stator winding comprises an armature winding and a magnetic field control winding; the magnetic field control winding is a three-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the first three-phase alternating current chopping unit; each phase lead-out wire of the first three-phase reactor group is connected with the alternating current input end of the first three-phase alternating current chopping unit; the armature winding is a three-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first three-phase power converter;
one end of each capacitor of the three-phase compensation capacitor bank is connected with one outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding, and the other end of each capacitor of the three-phase compensation capacitor bank is connected with one alternating current input end of the second three-phase alternating current chopping unit; and each phase lead-out wire of the second three-phase reactor group is connected with the alternating current input end of the second three-phase alternating current chopping unit.
The third concrete implementation mode: the following describes the present embodiment with reference to fig. 3, and the multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system of the present embodiment includes an n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and two sets of power converters, where the two sets of power converters are a first n-phase power converter and a second m-phase power converter, respectively, m is greater than or equal to 3, and n is greater than or equal to 3; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, the stator winding comprises an armature winding and a magnetic field control winding, the magnetic field control winding is an m-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the m-phase alternating current winding is connected with the output end of the second m-phase power converter; the armature winding is an n-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first n-phase power converter;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below a basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the second m-phase power converter working in an alternating current chopper state is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the duty ratio of the second-number m-phase power converter is gradually reduced.
The embodiment adjusts the speed by adjusting the magnetic field, and specifically comprises the following steps: when the motor works in a motor state and below a base speed, the second m-phase power converter works in an inversion state and supplies current to the magnetic field control winding to generate driving torque; when the speed needs to be increased above the base speed, the second m-phase power converter works in an alternating current chopper state, the duty ratio of the second m-phase power converter is controlled, and further the alternating current in the magnetic field control winding is regulated, the higher the rotating speed is, the larger the duty ratio is, the larger the alternating current is, and the alternating current generates the magnetomotive force with the demagnetizing property, so that the air gap magnetic field is weaker; and when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the duty ratio of the second m-phase power converter is gradually reduced.
A specific example is given: the three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor system mainly comprises a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor and two groups of three-phase power converters. The three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor mainly comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator mainly comprises a stator iron core and a stator winding, and the stator winding comprises an armature winding and a magnetic field control winding. The rotor mainly comprises a rotor iron core and a permanent magnet. The magnetic field control winding is a three-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding is connected with the output end of the second three-phase power converter; the armature winding is a three-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first three-phase power converter.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 4, and the present embodiment will further describe a first or second embodiment, where the m-phase ac chopper unit of the first embodiment and the m-phase ac chopper unit of the second embodiment have the same structure, and include a chopper rectifier circuit and a buffer circuit;
the chopping rectification circuit consists of 2m switching tubes; the buffer circuit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor; m switching tubes in 2m switching tubes of the chopping rectification circuit are connected in a common collector mode, the collector serves as the anode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other m switching tubes are connected in a common emitter mode, and the emitter serves as the cathode of the chopping rectification circuit; the common collector is connected with the emitting electrodes of the m switch tubes and is respectively connected with the collector electrodes of the m switch tubes connected with the common emitter, and the connection point is used as m alternating current input ends of a first m-phase alternating current chopping unit or a second m-phase alternating current chopping unit; one end of a capacitor in the buffer circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of a diode and one end of a resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with the positive electrode of the chopping rectification circuit.
A specific example is given: and m is 3, and the three-phase alternating current chopping unit comprises a rectifying circuit, a chopper circuit and a buffer circuit.
The chopper circuit is composed of 1 switching tube V; the rectifying circuit consists of 6 diodes D1-D6; the buffer circuit is composed of 1 diode VDs, 1 capacitor Cs and 1 resistor Rs. 3 diodes (D1, D3 and D5) in the 6 diodes of the rectifying circuit are connected in common with the cathode, the cathode is used as the anode of the rectifying circuit, the other 3 diodes (D2, D4 and D6) are connected in common with the anode, and the anode is used as the cathode of the rectifying circuit; anodes of the 3 diodes (D1, D3 and D5) connected to the common cathode are respectively connected with cathodes of the 3 diodes (D2, D4 and D6) connected to the common anode, and connection points are used as 3 alternating current input ends of the three-phase alternating current chopping unit. The switching tube of the chopper circuit adopts high-power semiconductor devices such as IGBT, the collector of the chopper circuit is connected with the anode of the rectifier circuit, and the emitter of the chopper circuit is connected with the cathode of the rectifier circuit; one end of a capacitor Cs of the buffer circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the rectifying circuit, the other end of the capacitor Cs is connected with the cathode of the diode VDs and one end of the resistor, and the anode of the diode VDs and the other end of the resistor Rs are connected with the positive electrode of the rectifying circuit.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 5, and the present embodiment will further describe a first or second embodiment, where the first m-phase ac chopper unit and the second m-phase ac chopper unit have the same structure and include a chopper rectifier circuit and a buffer circuit;
the chopping rectification circuit consists of 2m switching tubes; the buffer circuit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor; m switching tubes in 2m switching tubes of the chopping rectification circuit are connected in a common collector mode, the collector serves as the anode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other m switching tubes are connected in a common emitter mode, and the emitter serves as the cathode of the chopping rectification circuit; the common collector is connected with the emitting electrodes of the m switch tubes and is respectively connected with the collector electrodes of the m switch tubes connected with the common emitter, and the connection point is used as m alternating current input ends of a first m-phase alternating current chopping unit or a second m-phase alternating current chopping unit; one end of a capacitor in the buffer circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of a diode and one end of a resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with the positive electrode of the chopping rectification circuit.
A specific example is given: the three-phase alternating current chopping unit comprises a chopping rectification circuit and a buffer circuit;
the chopping rectification circuit consists of 6 switching tubes V1-V6; the buffer circuit is composed of 1 diode VDs, 1 capacitor Cs and 1 resistor Rs. 3 switching tubes (V1, V3 and V5) in 6 switching tubes of the chopping rectification circuit are connected in a common collector mode, the collector serves as the positive electrode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other 3 switching tubes (V2, V4 and V6) are connected in a common emitter mode, and the emitter serves as the negative electrode of the chopping rectification circuit; the emitters of the common collector connected with 3 switching tubes (V1, V3 and V5) are respectively connected with the collectors of the common emitter connected with 3 switching tubes (V2, V4 and V6), and the connection points are used as 3 alternating current input ends of the three-phase alternating current chopping unit. The switch tube adopts high-power semiconductor devices such as IGBT and the like. One end of a capacitor Cs of the buffer circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other end of the capacitor Cs is connected with the cathode of the diode VDs and one end of the resistor, and the anode of the diode VDs and the other end of the resistor Rs are connected with the positive electrode of the chopping rectification circuit.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 6, and the present embodiment will further describe a first or second embodiment, where the first m-phase ac chopper unit and the second m-phase ac chopper unit have the same configuration and include a chopper circuit and a buffer circuit;
the chopper circuit is composed of 2m switching tubes; the buffer circuit is composed of 2m diodes, 2m capacitors and 2m resistors; emitting electrodes of every 2 of 2m switch tubes in the chopper circuit are connected together to form 1 alternating current switch in an inverse series connection mode, the 2m switch tubes form m alternating current switches in total, collecting electrodes of m switch tubes in the m alternating current switches are connected together, and collecting electrode leading-out wires of the m switch tubes are used as m alternating current input ends of a first-number m alternating current chopper unit or a second-number m alternating current chopper unit; the buffer circuit is composed of 2m buffer circuit units, each buffer circuit unit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor, each buffer circuit unit is connected with two ends of a switch tube in parallel, one end of the capacitor in each buffer circuit unit is connected with an emitting electrode of the switch tube, the other end of the capacitor is connected with a cathode of the diode and one end of the resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with a collector of the switch tube.
A specific example is given: and m is 3, and the three-phase alternating current chopping unit comprises a chopping circuit and a buffer circuit.
The chopper circuit is composed of 6 switching tubes; the buffer circuit is composed of 6 diodes, 6 capacitors and 6 resistors. Emitting electrodes of every 2 of 6 switch tubes of the chopper circuit are connected together to form 1 alternating current switch, 3 alternating current switches are formed by 6 switch tubes, collecting electrodes of 3 switch tubes in the 3 alternating current switches are connected together, and collecting electrode leading-out wires of the other 3 switch tubes serve as 3 alternating current input ends of a three-phase alternating current chopper unit. The switch tube adopts high-power semiconductor devices such as IGBT and the like. The buffer circuit is composed of 6 buffer circuit units, and each buffer circuit unit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor. The 6 buffer circuit units are connected with the 6 switch tubes. One end of a capacitor in each buffer circuit unit is connected with an emitting electrode of the switch tube, the other end of the capacitor is connected with a cathode of the diode and one end of the resistor, and an anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with a collector of the switch tube.
The seventh embodiment: in this embodiment, the first, second or third embodiment is further described, the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor may be a radial magnetic field structure or an axial magnetic field structure; the structure can be a single stator structure or a multi-stator structure; the structure can be an inner rotor structure or an outer rotor structure; the structure can be a single rotor structure or a multi-rotor structure.
The specific implementation mode is eight: in this embodiment, the first, second or third embodiment is further described, and the rotor of the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is an embedded permanent magnet structure.
The specific implementation method nine: in this embodiment, the first, second, or third embodiment is further described, and the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor system is a motor system or a generator system.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: in this embodiment mode, further describing the first or second embodiment mode, the first n-phase power converter may be an inverter or a rectifier.
The concrete implementation mode eleven: in this embodiment mode, the first n-phase power converter and the second m-phase power converter may be inverters or rectifiers.
Claims (10)
1. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system is characterized by comprising an n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a first m-phase alternating current chopping unit, a first m-phase reactor group and a first n-phase power converter, wherein m is more than or equal to 3, n is more than or equal to 3, the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor, the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, and the stator winding comprises an armature winding and a magnetic field control winding; the magnetic field control winding is an m-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding is connected with an alternating current input end of the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit; the first m-phase reactor group is connected in a star shape, and each phase outgoing line of the first m-phase reactor group is connected with the alternating current input end of the first m-phase alternating current chopper unit; the armature winding is an n-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first n-phase power converter;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below the basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the first-number m-phase alternating-current chopper unit is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the base speed in a high-speed state, the speed is reduced by gradually reducing the duty ratio of the first m-phase alternating current chopper unit.
2. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to claim 1, further comprising a No. two m-phase alternating current chopper unit, a No. two m-phase reactor bank, and an m-phase compensation capacitor bank, wherein one end of each capacitor of the m-phase compensation capacitor bank is connected to one outgoing line of the magnetic field control winding, and the other end of each capacitor of the m-phase compensation capacitor bank is connected to one alternating current input end of the No. two m-phase alternating current chopper unit; leading-out wires of all phases of the second m-phase reactor group are connected with the alternating current input end of the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below the basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the first-number m-phase alternating-current chopper unit is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the speed is reduced by gradually reducing the duty ratio of the first m-phase alternating-current chopper unit; when the speed is reduced to be below the basic speed and the speed reduction is required to be continued, the speed is reduced by gradually increasing the duty ratio of the two-phase m-phase alternating current chopper unit.
3. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to claim 2, wherein the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit and the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit are identical in structure and comprise a rectifying circuit, a chopper circuit and a buffer circuit;
the chopper circuit is composed of 1 switching tube, the rectifier circuit is composed of 2m diodes, and the buffer circuit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor; m diodes in 2m diodes of the rectifying circuit are connected in common with the cathode, the cathode is used as the anode of the rectifying circuit, the other m diodes are connected in common with the anode, and the anode is used as the cathode of the rectifying circuit; the anodes of the m diodes connected with the common cathode are respectively connected with the cathodes of the m diodes connected with the common anode, and the connection point is used as m alternating current input ends of a first m alternating current chopping unit or a second m alternating current chopping unit; the collector of the switch tube in the chopper circuit is connected with the anode of the rectifier circuit, and the emitter is connected with the cathode of the rectifier circuit; one end of a capacitor in the buffer circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the rectifying circuit, the other end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of a diode and one end of a resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with the positive electrode of the rectifying circuit.
4. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to claim 2, wherein the first m-phase alternating current chopping unit and the second m-phase alternating current chopping unit are identical in structure and comprise chopping rectification circuits and buffer circuits;
the chopping rectification circuit consists of 2m switching tubes; the buffer circuit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor; m switching tubes in 2m switching tubes of the chopping rectification circuit are connected in a common collector mode, the collector serves as the anode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other m switching tubes are connected in a common emitter mode, and the emitter serves as the cathode of the chopping rectification circuit; the common collector is connected with the emitting electrodes of the m switch tubes and is respectively connected with the collector electrodes of the m switch tubes connected with the common emitter, and the connection point is used as m alternating current input ends of a first m-phase alternating current chopping unit or a second m-phase alternating current chopping unit; one end of a capacitor in the buffer circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the chopping rectification circuit, the other end of the capacitor is connected with the cathode of a diode and one end of a resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with the positive electrode of the chopping rectification circuit.
5. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to claim 2, wherein the first m-phase alternating current chopper unit and the second m-phase alternating current chopper unit are identical in structure and comprise chopper circuits and buffer circuits;
the chopper circuit is composed of 2m switching tubes; the buffer circuit is composed of 2m diodes, 2m capacitors and 2m resistors; emitting electrodes of every 2 of 2m switch tubes in the chopper circuit are connected together to form 1 alternating current switch in an inverse series connection mode, the 2m switch tubes form m alternating current switches in total, collecting electrodes of m switch tubes in the m alternating current switches are connected together, and collecting electrode leading-out wires of the m switch tubes are used as m alternating current input ends of a first-number m alternating current chopper unit or a second-number m alternating current chopper unit; the buffer circuit is composed of 2m buffer circuit units, each buffer circuit unit is composed of 1 diode, 1 capacitor and 1 resistor, each buffer circuit unit is connected with two ends of a switch tube in parallel, one end of the capacitor in each buffer circuit unit is connected with an emitting electrode of the switch tube, the other end of the capacitor is connected with a cathode of the diode and one end of the resistor, and the anode of the diode and the other end of the resistor are connected with a collector of the switch tube.
6. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein the switching tube is an IGBT type high-power semiconductor device.
7. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system is characterized by comprising an n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, a first n-phase power converter and a second m-phase power converter, wherein m is more than or equal to 3, and n is more than or equal to 3; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a stator core and a stator winding, the stator winding comprises an armature winding and a magnetic field control winding, the magnetic field control winding is an m-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the m-phase alternating current winding is connected with the output end of the second m-phase power converter; the armature winding is an n-phase alternating current winding, and an outgoing line of the armature winding is connected with the output end of the first n-phase power converter;
the motor works in a motor state, and when the speed is required to be increased from a running state below a basic speed to a state above the basic speed, the duty ratio of the second m-phase power converter working in an alternating current chopper state is gradually increased; when the speed is required to be reduced to the basic speed in a high-speed state, the duty ratio of the second-number m-phase power converter is gradually reduced.
8. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to claim 1, 2 or 7, wherein the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a radial magnetic field structure or an axial magnetic field structure; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a single-stator structure or a multi-stator structure; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts an inner rotor structure or an outer rotor structure; the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a single-rotor structure or a multi-rotor structure.
9. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system according to claim 1, 2 or 7, wherein a rotor of the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is of an embedded permanent magnet structure.
10. The multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor system of claim 1, 2 or 7, wherein the n-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor system is a motor system or a generator system.
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