CN102771210A

CN102771210A - Reciprocating shovel type cultivator

Info

Publication number: CN102771210A
Application number: CN2012102697800A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾洪雷; 刘春喜; 庄健; 范旭辉; 潘志刚; 闫冠; 齐江涛; 刘昭臣
Original assignee: Jilin University; Jilin Academy of Agricultural Machinery
Current assignee: Jilin University; Jilin Academy of Agricultural Machinery
Priority date: 2012-08-01
Filing date: 2012-08-01
Publication date: 2012-11-14
Anticipated expiration: 2032-08-01
Also published as: CN102771210B

Abstract

The invention relates to agricultural soil cultivating machinery, and in particular relates to a reciprocating shovel type cultivator which comprises a frame, a transmission gear which is arranged on the frame, a depth roller which is arranged at the front end of the frame through a depth roller frame, a press wheel which is arranged at the rear end of the frame, and shovel blades, wherein the output end of the transmission gear is connected with a camshaft which is laterally arranged on the frame in a driving manner, two cams are symmetrically arranged on the camshaft, two slide bars which from 45 degress-90 degress with the ground in the advancing direction in an inclined mode are arranged on the frame through guide slots, the two upper ends of the slide bars respectively correspond to the two camshafts, and the lower ends of the slide bars are respectively provided with the shovel blades. When the cultivator moves forwards, the shovel blades form a certain angle with the ground to do reciprocating motions, and the soil is cut and raised but not turned over, so the soil layer is not damaged, the purposes of loosening the soil and cutting the plough pan are realized, and the defect that the current common mechanized farming method damages the soil layer is overcome.

Description

Reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to agricultural and plough whole earth working machinery, particularly a kind of shovel harvesting and tillage machine.

Background technology

Because natural cause and irrational production and operating activities for a long time are on the rise northeast blackland water and soil loss, if in addition effectively control, the mollic of this trend continues black soil region will most ofly disappear.

The mechanized farming method that the northeast black soil region is commonly used now is to broadcast on the broken stubble ridging ridge; Also there are some areas still to continue to use the flat expedient of tillage of turning over the back ridging of the eighties of last century formation sixties; The former accomplishes with stubble cutter, intertillage ridger and sower; The latter adopts plough, rake, pack roller, intertillage sower to accomplish sowing, then divides with cultivator and wades out the ridge body 2～3 times.Above-mentioned two kinds of cultivated methods all need repeatedly operation, and will stir soil, destroy soil layer; And eliminated the covering on the face of land, and being prone to cause the erosion of table folk song, broken stubble ridging commonly used is ploughed method; Because of its tilling depth shallow (not enough 10cm), tillage pan is shoaled, influence is ventilated permeable and crop takes root growth.

The conservation tillage method that demonstration is promoted since 2000; Except that the pattern that covers of returning crop stocks to the field is adopted in some areas; Most areas are to adopt the pattern of staying the solid soil of (height) stubble, and the cropping pattern that has many areas to adopt (ridge) ditch (ridge) platform to replace, and do not stir soil; Do not upset topsoil, better keeping face of land root stubble vegetation is the target that conservation tillage is pursued.The present invention is exactly the artificial action with spade cutting soil of imitation; The soil tilting is not stirred; Soil cutting shovel is extracted by the former road of direction of insertion basically, promptly in that to cut soil place reciprocating, reaches chesson, cuts tillage pan and do not stir soil; The effect that still keeps the topsoil increased surface covering realizes conservation tillage.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of novel reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine; This harvesting and tillage machine is when advancing; Make that perching knife and ground are angled to move reciprocatingly, cutting, tilting but do not stir soil do not destroy soil layer; The purpose that reaches chesson, cuts the pears bottom is to overcome the defective of the destruction soil layer that mechanized farming method commonly used at present exists.

The reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine of the present invention; Comprise frame, be arranged on gearbox on the frame, be arranged on the gauge wheel of frame front end, the press wheel that is arranged on frame rear end, perching knife through the gauge wheel frame; Output at said gearbox drives the camshaft that connection one is horizontally set on the frame; On camshaft, be symmetrical set two cams; On said frame, through guide groove two upper ends are set and correspond respectively to two camshafts, be the tilt sliding bar at 45 °～90 ° of angles of forward direction with ground, the lower end of this sliding bar is provided with described perching knife.

Described cam is a dish type, is designed to simple harmonic motion, and lift is 230mm, the cam perching knife action twice that rotates a circle, and 135 ° at rise angle, 45 ° at backhaul angle, radius of cam base-circle is 115mm, the rise pressure angle is 30 °.

Described perching knife is trinacriform, and the open angle of each point of a knife is 60 °～78 °, and the basil is 12 °～15 °, the wide 150mm of perching knife.

Adopt the reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine of the present invention to plough when putting in order the soil; Perching knife and ground are angled to move reciprocatingly; Cutting, tilting but do not stir soil; Do not destroy soil layer, reach the purpose of chesson, incision pears bottom, effectively overcome the defective of the destruction soil layer of mechanized farming method existence commonly used at present.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the bright reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine of this law;

Fig. 2 is the end view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the highest extreme lower position sketch map that shows perching knife when cam rotates a circle;

Fig. 4 is the structure for amplifying sketch map of perching knife shown in Fig. 1 (10).

Embodiment

The embodiment that provides below in conjunction with accompanying drawing does further explain to the structure of harvesting and tillage machine of the present invention.

With reference to Fig. 1,2; A kind of reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine; Comprise frame 4, be arranged on gearbox 5 on the frame 4, be arranged on the gauge wheel 1 of frame 4 front ends, the press wheel 11 that is arranged on frame 4 rear ends, perching knife 10 through gauge wheel frame 2; Output at said gearbox 5 drives the camshaft 12 that connection one is horizontally set on the frame; On camshaft 12, be symmetrical set two cams 6, on said frame 4, through guide groove two upper ends be set and correspond respectively to two camshafts 12, be the tilt sliding bar 7 at 45 °～90 ° of angles of forward direction with ground, the lower end of this sliding bar 7 is provided with described perching knife 10.Be separately positioned on the self-return of the spring 8 realization sliding bars 7 on described frame 4 and the sliding bar 7 through two ends.

Described cam 6 is a dish type, is designed to simple harmonic motion, and lift is 230mm, the cam perching knife action twice that rotates a circle, and 135 ° at rise angle, 45 ° at backhaul angle, radius of cam base-circle is 115mm, the rise pressure angle is 30 °.As shown in Figure 3, cam twice of the perching knife action that rotate a circle.

As shown in Figure 4, perching knife 10 is a trinacriform, and the open angle of each point of a knife is 60 °～78 °, and the basil is 12 °～15 °, the wide 150mm of perching knife.

The upper end of sliding bar 7 is provided with a rolling bearing, to reduce friction.

Gauge wheel 1 is installed in the gauge wheel frame 2, uses the tight fixed bolt tightening, and gauge wheel frame 2 is fixed on through U-bolt 9 on the front-axle beam of frame, about each one, adjustable height, with control tilling depth.

Press wheel 11 is fixed on the back rest of frame 4 through U-bolt 9, can do further fragmentation, compacting to the plot of front farming, to improve the retaining property of soil.

Gearbox 5; At first be reduction of speed, with the rotating speed (like 540rpm) of tractor motive power output shaft reduce to camshaft rotating speed (160～300rpm), secondly be transmission of power and switching-over; Rotate power take-off around the longitudinal axis; Through the awl tooth transmission of gearbox, become perpendicular to the rotating of direction of advance around transverse axis, pass to camshaft to power simultaneously.

This reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine, work under the dragging of tractor, the power shaft of the gearbox on the harvesting and tillage machine is connected with tractor motive power output shaft through Hooks coupling universal coupling 3.Back and forth the shovel harvesting and tillage machine makes perching knife 10 and ground be 45 °～90 ° angles of forward direction inclination and moves reciprocatingly cutting soil, the purpose of reach chesson, cutting tillage pan when advancing.

Claims

1. reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine; Comprise frame (4), be arranged on gearbox (5) on the frame (4), be arranged on the gauge wheel (1) of frame (4) front end, the press wheel (11) that is arranged on frame (4) rear end, perching knife (10) through gauge wheel frame (2); It is characterized in that: the output at said gearbox (5) drives the camshaft (12) that connection one is horizontally set on the frame; On camshaft (12), be symmetrical set two cams (6); Go up in said frame (4) and through guide groove two upper ends to be set and to correspond respectively to two camshafts (12), be the tilt sliding bar (7) at 45 °～90 ° of angles of forward direction with ground, the lower end of this sliding bar (7) is provided with described perching knife (10).

2. reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the self-return that is separately positioned on spring (8) the realization sliding bar (7) on described frame (4) and the sliding bar (7) through two ends.

3. reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cam (6) is a dish type, is designed to simple harmonic motion; Lift is 230mm; The cam perching knife action twice that rotates a circle, 135 ° at rise angle, 45 ° at backhaul angle; Radius of cam base-circle is 115mm, and the rise pressure angle is 30 °.

4. reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that the upper end of described sliding bar (7) is provided with a rolling bearing, to reduce friction.

5. reciprocal shovel harvesting and tillage machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that described perching knife (10) is trinacriform, and the open angle of each point of a knife is 60 °～78 °, and the basil is 12 °～15 °, the wide 150mm of perching knife.