CN102754409A - 用于直径协议协调的方法、系统和计算机可读介质 - Google Patents

用于直径协议协调的方法、系统和计算机可读介质 Download PDF

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CN102754409A
CN102754409A CN2011800085786A CN201180008578A CN102754409A CN 102754409 A CN102754409 A CN 102754409A CN 2011800085786 A CN2011800085786 A CN 2011800085786A CN 201180008578 A CN201180008578 A CN 201180008578A CN 102754409 A CN102754409 A CN 102754409A
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T·M·麦卡恩
P·W·A·J·M·纳斯
P·J·马尔西科
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/028—Dynamic adaptation of the update intervals, e.g. event-triggered updates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
    • H04L63/0892—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities by using authentication-authorization-accounting [AAA] servers or protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/302—Route determination based on requested QoS
    • H04L45/304—Route determination for signalling traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/34—Source routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/08—Protocols for interworking; Protocol conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/60—Router architectures

Abstract

根据一个方面，本文描述的主题包括一种用于提供直径协议协调的方法。该方法包括在直径节点处发生的步骤。该方法还包括确定与要发送到目的地的接收的直径信息相关联的第一直径协议。该方法还包括确定与所述目的地相关联的第二直径协议。该方法还包括：对所接收的直径信息进行协调，使得经协调的直径信息与所述第二直径协议兼容。该方法还包括将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地。

Description

用于直径协议协调的方法、系统和计算机可读介质
要求优先权
本申请要求享受于2010年2月12日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/304,310的优先权；故以引用方式将该临时申请的全部公开内容并入本文。
引用并入声明
以引用方式将下列于2011年2月11日提交的共同拥有、共同未决的美国专利申请中的每个申请的公开内容并入本文：
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Inter-直径-Message Processor Routing”，代理案卷号1322/399/2（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Source PeerCapacity-Based直径Load Sharing”，代理案卷号1322/399/3（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Inter-MessageProcessor Status Sharing”，代理案卷号1322/399/4（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Providing PriorityRouting At A直径Node”，代理案卷号1322/399/5（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Providing PeerRouting At A直径Node”，代理案卷号1322/399/6/2（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Providing OriginRouting At A直径Node”，代理案卷号1322/399/7（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Providing LocalApplication Routing At A直径Node”，代理案卷号1322/399/8（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Answer-BasedRouting Of直径Request Messages”，代理案卷号1322/399/9（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Performing直径Answer Message-Based Network Management At A直径Signaling Router(DSR)”，代理案卷号1322/399/10（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For Multi-InterfaceMonitoring And Correlation Of直径Signaling Information”，代理案卷号1322/399/11（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For直径NetworkManagement”，代理案卷号1322/399/13（未分配序号）；
“Methods,Systems,And Computer Readable Media For直径ApplicationLoop Prevention”，代理案卷号1322/399/14（未分配序号）。
技术领域
本文描述的主题涉及用于通信网络中的通信的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。具体而言，本文描述的主题涉及用于直径（Diameter）协议协调的方法、系统和计算机可读介质。
背景技术
直径是一种用于计算机网络的认证、授权和计费（AAA）协议，并且是半径（Radius）的后继版本。在国际工程任务组（IETF）请求注解（RFC）3588中定义了直径基础协议，以引用方式将其全部内容并入本文。还存在对于该基础协议的扩展，其中一些扩展具有定义的标准。例如，RFC 4072定义了直径可扩展认证协议（EAP）应用。
虽然标准通常可以描述直径协议的范围和其它特性，但该标准还可以允许各种实现选择。例如，供应商‘A’可以实现或者使用创建与使用第二个供应商的实现所创建的直径消息不同（例如，部分或者全部不兼容）的直径消息的直径协议。直径协议不兼容性可能造成各种问题。例如，使用不兼容直径协议的直径节点可能无法有效地通信。
因此，存在对用于直径协议协调的方法、系统和计算机可读介质的需求。
发明内容
根据一个方面，本文描述的主题包括一种用于提供直径协议协调的方法。该方法包括在直径节点处发生的步骤。该方法还包括确定与要发送到目的地的接收的直径信息相关联的第一直径协议。该方法还包括确定与所述目的地相关联的第二直径协议。该方法还包括：对所接收的直径信息进行协调，使得经协调的直径信息与所述第二直径协议兼容。该方法还包括将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地。
根据另一个方面，本文描述的主题包括一种用于提供直径协议协调的系统。该系统包括直径节点。该直径节点包括通信接口，用于接收要发送到目的地的直径信息。该直径节点还包括协调模块，用于确定与所接收的直径信息相关联的第一直径协议，用于确定与所述目的地相关联的第二直径协议，用于对所接收的直径信息进行协调使得经协调的直径信息与所述第二直径协议兼容，以及用于将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地。
本文所描述的主题可以实现在与硬件和/或固件相组合的软件中。例如，本文所描述的主题可以在由处理器执行的软件中实现。在一个示例性实现中，本文所描述的主题可以使用具有存储在其上的计算机可执行指令的计算机可读介质来实现，其中当所述计算机可执行指令由计算机的处理器执行时，控制所述计算机执行步骤。适合用于实现本文所描述的主题的示例性计算机可读介质包括非暂时性设备，诸如磁盘存储设备、芯片存储设备、可编程逻辑器件、以及专用集成电路。此外，实现本文所描述的主题的计算机可读介质可以位于单个设备或计算平台上，或者可以分布在多个设备或计算平台。
如本文所使用的术语“节点”指包括一个或多个处理器和存储器的物理计算平台。
如本文所使用的术语“功能”或者“模块”指用于实现本文所描述特征的与硬件和/或固件结合的软件。
如本文所使用的术语“直径协议”可以指任何直径协议框架或其实现。例如，直径协议可以是直径协议实现、直径协议版本、直径协议版本的变体、直径协议变体、或直径协议变体的版本。
附图说明
现在参照附图来解释本文描述的主题的优选实施例，其中相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，其中：
图1是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，包括具有协调模块的直径节点的示例性网络的网络图；
图2是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，用于确定直径协议的示例性信息的图；
图3是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，用于确定要应用的协调规则集的示例性信息的图；
图4是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，用于确定与要应用的协调规则集相关联的规则的示例性信息的图；
图5是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，用于提供直径协议协调的示例性直径信令路由器的框图；以及
图6是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，用于提供直径协议协调的示例性步骤的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在详细地对本文描述的主题的示例性实施例进行参考，在附图中示出了这些示例性实施例的示例。在可能的情况下，将贯穿这些附图使用相同的附图标记来指代相同或者类似的部件。
图1是示出根据本文所描述的主题的实施例的示例性通信网络100的网络图。在图1中所示的实施例中，通信网络100可以包括直径协调节点106，直径协调节点106具有协调模块108并且可以访问规则数据库110。通信网络100还可以包括额外的直径节点，诸如节点A 102和节点B 104。
直径节点（例如，节点A 102和节点B 104，以及协调节点106）可以是能够实现或者使用直径协议的节点。例如，直径节点可以包括移动性管理实体（MME）、归属用户服务器（HSS）和/或认证、授权和计费（AAA）服务器、承载绑定及事件报告功能（BBERF）、策略计费执行功能（PCEF）、策略计费和规则功能（PCRF）、用户简档库（SPR）、服务网关（SGW）、分组数据网络网关（PDN GW）、直径对等节点、直径代理、网络节点、策略引擎、策略服务器、应用功能（AF）、应用服务器、直径信令代理、长期演进（LTE）节点、因特网协议（IP）多媒体子系统（IMS）网络节点、服务器、节点、数据库、计算平台、或直径信令路由器（DSR）。
在一些实施例中，协调节点106可以包括DSR。DSR可以是用于在直径节点之间路由或中继直径信令的任何适当的实体。例如，DSR可以是LTE信令路由器、LTE直径信令路由器、直径信令代理、直径委托代理、直径中继代理、直径路由代理、直径转换代理、或直径重定向代理。DSR可以包括用于处理各种消息的功能，并且可以包括用于与直径节点进行通信的各种通信接口，例如，第三代合作伙伴计划（3GPP）LTE通信接口和其它（例如，非LTE）通信接口。在一个实施例中，包括本文所描述的主题在内的与DSR有关的功能可以包括在一个或多个模块（例如，协调模块和路由模块）中。协调节点106和/或协调模块108可以包括用于执行直径协议协调的功能。直径协议协调可以包括用于以兼容或适当的形式提供直径信息的任何动作。例如，直径协议协调可以包括在使用各种直径协议的直径节点之间接收、修改、生成和/或提供直径信息。
可以通过各种实体来定义、描述和/或实现直径协议。例如，可以由标准制定机构（诸如IETF、国际电信联盟（ITU）、欧洲电信标准委员会（ETSI）、3GPP）、政府机构和/或其它组织来定义直径协议版本和/或变体。在另一个示例中，可以由其它实体（例如，开源计划、产品供应商和网络运营商）来定义直径协议版本和/或变体。
在一个实施例中，直径协议协调可以包括添加、删除和/或修改直径消息中的一个或多个部分。例如，直径协议协调可以包括添加、删除和/或修改直径消息的属性值对（AVP）。在另一个示例中，协调可以包括添加、删除和/或修改AVP中包含的参数和/或值。在另一个示例中，协调可以包括添加、删除和/或修改消息部分，诸如报头部分和有效载荷部分。
在一个实施例中，直径协议协调可以使用一个或多个协调规则来执行直径协议协调。例如，协调规则可以包括用于将直径信息从第一直径协议版本转换成第二直径协议版本的信息。例如，协调规则可以包括：指示要修改的直径消息的部分的信息和指示要对这些部分执行的修改的信息。
协调节点106可以包括或者可以访问一个或多个数据库，诸如规则数据库110。规则数据库110可以包括用于存储或维持协调规则的任何适当的数据结构。协调节点106可以包括或可以访问报告数据库。该报告数据库可以存储与消息以及相关联的处理（例如，呼叫详细记录（CDR））有关的信息。在报告数据库中存储的信息可以用于各种目的，诸如计费、出具帐单、维护和认证。
参照图1中所示的实施例，包括协调模块108的协调节点106可以是用于在节点A 102和节点B 104之间通信的中间节点。节点A 102可以使用与由节点B 104使用的第二直径协议（例如，直径变体2）部分或者完全不兼容的直径协议（例如，直径变体1）。
协调节点106可以从节点A 102和/或节点B 104接收直径消息（例如，直径请求消息和直径应答消息）。在一个实施例中，协调节点106可以确定与接收的直径消息相关联的直径协议。例如，协调节点106可以访问针对各个节点和/或在这些节点处执行的应用所存储的直径协议信息。例如，协调节点106可以访问包括将直径节点和使用的直径协议相关联的信息的数据结构。通过将接收的直径消息的报头信息与存储的直径协议信息进行比较，协调节点106可以确定源自于节点B 104的直径消息与特定的直径协议相关联。在另一个示例中，协调节点106可以基于检查消息结构或其一部分来确定与接收的直径消息相关联的直径协议。例如，协调节点106可以使用解析器模块和直径协议定义来识别指示相关联的直径协议的接收的消息的特性（例如，特定的AVP信息）。
在一个实施例中，协调节点106可以确定与接收的直径消息所定址到的或可以遍历的目的地（例如，节点、主机、区域、域、网络分段或者网络）相关联的直径协议。例如，协调节点106可以通过检查直径消息的报头部分来确定该直径消息被定址到节点B 104。协调节点106可以使用一种或多种方法来确定节点B 104使用特定的直径协议。在另一个示例中，协调节点106可以通过检查接收的直径消息的一个或多个部分来确定中间（例如，下一跳）目的地以发送所接收的直径消息或其中的直径信息。在该示例中，协调节点106可以确定该中间目的地使用特定的直径协议。
在一个实施例中，协调节点106可以确定应当执行直径协议协调。例如，在接收到目的地为节点B 104的直径消息之后，协调节点106可以确定与所接收的直径消息相关联的直径协议和与该消息目的地（节点B 104）相关联的直径协议不兼容。
响应于确定应当执行直径协议协调，协调节点106可以执行直径协议协调。在一个实施例中，直径协议协调可以包括修改接收的直径消息，以便使该直径消息与由目的地使用的直径协议兼容。例如，可以在协调节点106处对从节点A 102发送的接收的直径消息的报头部分进行修改，使得该直径消息兼容以便在节点B 104处进行处理。在修改之后，可以将经修改的直径消息发送给目的地。
在另一个实施例中，直径协议协调可以包括生成基于所接收的直径消息的新直径消息。例如，协调模块108可以使用协调规则根据接收的直径消息将直径信息修改或转换成与由目的地使用的直径协议兼容，并且协调模块108可以将经修改的直径信息包括在新直径消息中。在生成基于所接收的直径消息的直径消息之后，可以将所生成的直径消息发送给目的地，并丢弃所接收的直径消息。
应当理解的是，直径协议协调可以取决于多种因素，例如，涉及的直径协议以及要传送的直径信息。例如，对源自于节点A 102且目的地为节点B 104的直径消息进行协调可以包括一组协调规则和/或处理步骤。同样，对源自于节点B 104且目的地为节点A 102的直径消息进行协调可以包括另一组协调规则和/或处理步骤。
图2是示出根据本文所描述的主题的实施例，可用于确定直径协议的示例性信息的图。在一个实施例中，可以将该示例性信息存储在数据库（例如，规则数据库110）和/或其它数据结构中。例如，该示例性信息可以位于或者集成在一个或多个直径节点（例如，协调节点106、节点A 102和节点B 104）中。在另一个示例中，一个或多个直径节点可以访问在不同的数据库节点处存储的示例性信息。
参考图2，表200表示用于存储可用于确定与直径信息和/或直径信息的目的地相关联的直径协议的信息的任何适当的数据结构。在图2中所示的实施例中，表200可以包括直径主机标识符（ID）、应用ID、以及相关联的直径协议ID。直径主机ID可以是统一资源标识符（URI）或者用于标识直径节点的其它标识符。例如，直径主机ID可以指示在协调节点106处接收的直径消息的源节点。直径主机ID还可以用于标识与源节点相关联的供应商和/或网络。
应用ID可以是用于标识使用直径协议的应用的值或其它信息。例如，应用ID可以标识认证应用、授权应用、计费应用、或特定于供应商的应用。如图2中示出的实施例中所示，直径主机ID可以与各种应用ID相关联。
直径协议ID可以是用于标识特定的直径协议或直径协议的组的值或其它信息。例如，直径协议ID可以是版本号、变体号、或基于全局标识方案的值、或基于局部（例如，特定于供应商的）标识方案的值。在另一个示例中，直径协议ID可以指示与供应商、产品、或产品版本相兼容的所有直径协议。例如，直径协议ID“1”可以指示与Tekelec兼容的直径协议，直径协议ID“2”可以指示与Cisco兼容的直径协议，而直径协议ID“3”可以指示与Ericsson兼容的直径协议。
在一个实施例中，直径主机ID和应用ID可以与直径协议ID相关联。例如，如表200中所示，直径主机ID“www.tekelec.com”和应用ID“88”可以与直径协议ID“1”相关联。在表200中示出的另一个示例中，直径主机ID“www.vzw.com”和应用ID“88”可以与直径协议ID“2”相关联。在表200中示出的另一个示例中，直径主机ID“www.vzw.com”和应用ID“15”可以与直径协议ID“3”相关联。
在一个实施例中，协调节点106和/或协调模块108可以使用表200或其中的信息来确定直径协议。例如，协调节点106可以检查接收的直径消息的报头部分，从而发现源主机ID和应用ID。使用源主机ID和应用ID，协调节点106可以针对与该源节点相关联的直径协议ID来查询数据结构200。在另一个示例中，协调节点106可以检查接收的直径消息的报头部分，从而发现目的主机ID和应用ID。使用目的主机ID和应用ID，协调节点106可以针对与目的地相关联的直径协议ID来查询数据结构200。
图3是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，用于确定要应用的协调规则集的示例性信息的图。如本文所使用的，协调规则集可以包括一个或多个协调规则。在一个实施例中，可以将该示例性信息存储在数据库（例如，规则数据库110）和/或其它数据结构中。例如，该示例性信息可以位于或集成在一个或多个直径节点（例如，协调节点106、节点A 102和节点B 104）中。在另一个示例中，一个或多个直径节点可以访问在不同的数据库节点处存储的示例性信息。
参照图3，表300表示用于存储可用于确定要在协调直径信息中应用的协调规则集的任何适当的数据结构。在图3中所示的实施例中，表300可以包括入口直径协议ID、出口直径协议ID、以及相关联的协调规则集ID。入口直径协议ID可以标识与入口直径信息相关联的直径协议。例如，入口直径协议ID可以标识由接收的直径消息的源节点所使用的直径协议。出口直径协议ID可以标识与出口直径信息相关联的直径协议。例如，出口直径协议ID可以标识由要接收直径信息的目的地节点所使用的直径协议。协调规则集ID可以是用于标识协调规则集的值或其它信息。
在一个实施例中，入口直径协议ID和出口直径协议ID可以与协调规则集ID相关联。例如，如表300中所示的，入口直径协议ID“1”和出口直径协议ID“2”可以与协调规则集ID“1”相关联。在表300中所示的另一个示例中，入口直径协议ID“2”和出口直径协议ID“1”可以与协调规则集ID“2”相关联。在表300中所示的另一个示例中，入口直径协议ID“1”和出口直径协议ID“3”可以与协调规则集ID“3”相关联。
在一个实施例中，协调节点106和/或协调模块108可以使用表300或其中的信息来确定在直径协议协调期间应用的协调规则集。例如，使用入口直径协议ID和出口直径协议ID，协调节点106可以针对适当的协调规则集ID来查询表300。在一个实施例中，适当的协调规则集ID可以指示用于对与入口直径协议相关联的直径信息进行协调，使得经协调的直径信息与出口直径协议相兼容的特定的协调规则集。例如，协调规则集可以指示用于将直径消息或其一部分从入口直径协议转换到出口直径协议和/或生成直径消息或其一部分的多个规则或处理步骤。
图4是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，用于确定与协调规则集相关联的规则的示例性信息的图。在一个实施例中，可以将该示例性信息存储在数据库（例如，规则数据库110）和/或其它数据结构中。例如，该示例性信息可以位于或者集成在一个或多个直径节点（例如，协调节点106、节点A 102和节点B 104）中。在另一个示例中，一个或多个直径节点可以访问在不同的数据库节点处存储的示例性信息。
参照图4，表400表示用于存储可用于确定与协调规则集相关联的规则的信息的任何适当的数据结构。在图4中所示的实施例中，表400可以包括协调规则集ID和相关联的协调规则。如上所述，协调规则集ID可以是用于标识协调规则集的值或其它信息。协调规则可以包括用于修改和/或生成直径信息的指令、处理步骤和/或其它信息。例如，协调规则可以指示要修改的直径消息的特定部分或者多个部分，以及要执行的特定修改。在另一个示例中，协调规则可以指示要添加到直径消息的特定信息（例如，特定于供应商的AVP）。在另一个示例中，协调规则可以指示要在直径消息中删除的特定信息。
在一个实施例中，协调规则集ID可以与一个或多个协调规则相关联。例如，如表400中所示的，协调规则集ID“1”可以与3个协调规则相关联，例如，‘添加AVP：“服务器容量”AVP：缺省值=“300”’、“修改AVP：将包含IMSI值的AVP格式化成ITU E.212格式”、以及‘删除AVP：删除“ATT_Host”AVP’。如表400中所示的，每个规则可以包括要执行的不同动作或处理步骤。在一个实施例中，协调规则集可以包括优先级和/或排序信息。例如，协调规则集可以包括指示要以怎样的顺序来应用相关联的协调规则的信息。
在一个实施例中，协调节点106和/或协调模块108可以使用表400或其信息来确定与协调规则集相关联的规则。例如，协调节点106可以基于入口直径协议ID和出口直径协议ID来确定协调规则集ID。使用该协调规则集ID，协调节点106可以针对每个协调规则来查询数据结构400。在一个实施例中，协调节点106和/或协调模块108可以在直径协议协调期间应用相关联的协调规则。在应用协调规则之后，可以对直径信息进行协调，使得该直径信息兼容以便在目的地节点处进行处理。
图5是示出根据本文所描述的主题的实施例，用于提供直径协议协调的示例性DSR 102的框图。
参照图5中所示的实施例，DSR 102包括用于发送、接收和/或处理各种消息（诸如直径消息）的一个或多个消息处理器（MP）500A-D。MP 500A-D可以包括用于传送信令消息（例如，直径消息）和/或MP间消息的一个或多个通信接口。例如，MP 500A-D可以在外部实体（例如，节点A 102和节点B 104）之间发送和接收直径请求消息。MP 500A-D还可以在内部实体之间发送和接收消息（例如，直径消息和其它非直径消息）。例如，MP 500A可以筛选（screen）直径消息，并将其中继到MP 500C以作进一步处理。
MP 500A-D可以包括或者可以访问一个或多个协调模块（例如，协调模块108A-D）。协调模块108A-D可以包括本文描述的与直径协议协调相关联的任何功能。在一个实施例中，MP 500A-D和协调模块108A-D可以包括用于处理特定的消息的功能。例如，MP 500A处的协调模块108A可以处理与节点A 102的通信，而MP 500D处的协调模块108D可以处理与节点B104的通信。
MP 500A-D和/或协调模块108A-D可以包括或者可以访问一个或多个数据库（诸如规则数据库110A-D和报告数据库）。规则数据库110A-D可以包括用于存储或维持协调规则的任何适当的数据结构。在一个实施例中，规则数据库110A-D可以包括用于处理特定的消息和/或直径协议的功能。例如，规则数据库110A可以包括用于转换与特定的服务提供商或特定的设备供应商相关联的直径协议的规则，而规则数据库110B可以包括用于转换直径信用控制消息的规则。
在DSR 102包括多个处理器（例如，分布式体系结构）的一个实施例中，例如，每个处理器（例如，MP 500）能够提供直径协议协调或其一部分，而不管哪个处理器接收直径消息。例如，MP 500A可以从节点A 102接收目的地为节点B 104的直径请求消息。MP 500A和/或协调模块108A可以将接收的直径消息协调成兼容的直径协议，以便在节点B 104处进行处理。MP 500A可以将经协调的直径消息中继或路由到另一个实体，例如中继或路由到节点B 104或MP 500D，以便递送给节点B 104。
在一些实施例中，两个或更多个MP 500可以一起工作以协调直径消息。例如，MP 500B可以从节点A 102接收目的地为节点B 104的直径请求消息。MP 500B和/或协调模块108B可以将接收的直径消息部分地协调到兼容的直径协议或者其它格式，以便在MP 500C处作进一步处理。MP500A可以向MP 500C发送经部分协调的直径消息。MP 500C可以接收该经部分协调的直径消息。MP 500C和/或协调模块108C可以将所接收的直径消息进一步协调到兼容的直径协议，以便在节点B 104处进行处理。MP500A可以将经协调的直径消息中继或路由到节点B 104。
图6是示出根据本文描述的主题的实施例，用于提供直径协议协调的示例性步骤的流程图。在一个实施例中，本文所描述的一个或多个示例性步骤可以在协调节点106（例如，DSR或DSR中的处理器（例如，MP））处执行或者由协调节点106执行。在另一个实施例中，本文描述的一个或多个示例性步骤可以在位于各个直径节点（例如，节点A 102和节点B 104）的协调模块108处或者由协调模块108执行。
参照图6中所示的实施例，在步骤600，确定与接收的直径信息相关联的第一直径协议。所接收的直径信息是用于发送到目的地的。例如，协调节点106（例如，DSR）可以从节点A 102接收直径信令消息。所接收的消息可以是去往节点B 104的。在确定所接收的直径消息使用特定的直径协议（例如，直径变体1）中，协调节点106可以使用该消息和其它可访问的信息（例如，规则数据库110中的表200）。
在步骤602，确定与目的地相关联的第二直径协议。从上面所述的示例继续，协调节点106可以确定与节点B 104相关联的直径协议。
在一个实施例中，第一直径协议和第二直径协议均可以包括直径协议实现、直径协议版本、直径协议版本的变体、直径协议变体、直径协议变体的版本、由标准机构所定义的直径协议、或由非标准机构所定义的直径协议。
在步骤604，可以对所接收的直径信息进行协调，使得经协调的直径信息与第二直径协议兼容。从上面所述的示例继续，协调节点106可以使用协调规则来将所接收的直径消息从其原始直径协议协调到由节点B 104所使用的直径协议。
在一个实施例中，对直径信息进行协调可以包括：添加、删除和/或修改所接收的直径信息或者其一部分。在另一个实施例中，对直径信息进行协调可以包括基于所接收的直径信息来生成新直径消息。例如，所接收的直径信息和/或经协调的直径信息可以包括直径消息、AVP信息、参数信息、值信息、消息报头信息、或消息有效载荷信息。
在步骤606，可以将经协调的直径信息提供给目的地。例如，在对接收的直径信息进行协调包括生成直径消息的情况下，将经协调的直径信息提供给目的地可以包括将所生成的直径消息发送到目的地。在对接收的直径信息进行协调包括修改接收的直径消息的另一个示例中，将经协调的直径信息提供给目的地可以包括将经修改的直径消息发送到目的地。
应当理解的是，在不脱离本文所描述的主题的范围的基础上，可以改变本文所描述的主题的各个细节。此外，上面的描述仅是出于说明的目的，而非出于限制的目的。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于提供直径协议协调的方法，所述方法包括：
在直径节点处：
确定与要发送给目的地的接收的直径信息相关联的第一直径协议；
确定与所述目的地相关联的第二直径协议；
对所述接收的直径信息进行协调，使得经协调的直径信息与所述第二直径协议兼容；以及
将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一直径协议和所述第二直径协议均包括直径协议实现方式、直径协议版本、直径协议版本的变体、直径协议变体、直径协议变体的版本、由标准机构定义的直径协议、或由非标准机构定义的直径协议。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述目的地包括节点、主机、区域、域、网络分段、或网络。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，对所述直径信息进行协调包括：基于所述接收的直径信息，使用协调规则生成新直径消息，并且其中，将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地包括：将所述新直径消息发送到所述目的地。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，对所述直径信息进行协调包括：使用协调规则来修改所述接收的直径信息，并且其中，将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地包括：将经修改的直径消息发送到所述目的地。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，一个或多个协调规则存储在数据库中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述接收的直径信息和所述经协调的直径信息中的至少一个包括直径消息、属性值对（AVP）信息、参数信息、值信息、消息报头信息、或消息有效载荷信息。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述直径节点包括：直径信令路由器（DSR）、直径中继代理、直径重定向代理、直径转换代理、直径委托代理、直径节点、移动性管理实体（MME）、归属用户服务器（HSS）和/或认证、授权和计费（AAA）服务器、承载绑定和事件报告功能（BBERF）、服务网关（SGW）、分组数据网络网关（PDN GW）、策略计费执行功能（PCEF）、策略计费和规则功能（PCRF）、用户简档库（SPR）、直径代理、网络节点、策略引擎、策略服务器、应用功能（AF）、应用服务器、直径信令代理、长期演进（LTE）节点、因特网协议（IP）多媒体子系统（IMS）网络节点、服务器、节点、处理器、数据库、或计算平台。
9.一种用于提供直径协议协调的系统，所述系统包括：
直径节点，包括：
通信接口，其用于接收要发送到目的地的直径信息；以及
协调模块，其用于确定与所接收的直径信息相关联的第一直径协议，用于确定与所述目的地相关联的第二直径协议，用于对所接收的直径信息进行协调使得经协调的直径信息与所述第二直径协议兼容，以及用于将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，所述第一直径协议和所述第二直径协议均包括直径协议实现、直径协议版本、直径协议版本的变体、直径协议变体、直径协议变体的版本、由标准机构定义的直径协议、或由非标准机构定义的直径协议。
11.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，所述目的地包括节点、主机、区域、域、网络分段、或网络。
12.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，对所接收的直径信息进行协调包括：基于所接收的直径信息，使用协调规则生成新直径消息，并且其中，将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地包括：将所述新直径消息发送到所述目的地。
13.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，对所接收的直径信息进行协调包括：使用协调规则来修改所接收的直径信息，并且其中，将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地包括：将经修改的直径消息发送到所述目的地。
14.根据权利要求9所述的系统，包括用于存储一个或多个协调规则的数据库。
15.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，所述接收的直径信息和所述经协调的直径信息中的至少一个包括直径消息、属性值对（AVP）信息、参数信息、值信息、消息报头信息、或消息有效载荷信息。
16.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其中，所述系统包括：直径信令路由器、直径中继代理、直径重定向代理、直径转换代理、直径委托代理、直径节点、移动性管理实体（MME）、归属用户服务器（HSS）和/或认证、授权和计费（AAA）服务器、承载绑定和事件报告功能（BBERF）、服务网关（SGW）、分组数据网络网关（PDN GW）、策略计费执行功能（PCEF）、策略计费和规则功能（PCRF）、用户简档库（SPR）、直径代理、网络节点、策略引擎、策略服务器、应用功能（AF）、应用服务器、直径信令代理、长期演进（LTE）节点、因特网协议（IP）多媒体子系统（IMS）网络节点、服务器、节点、处理器、数据库、或计算平台。
17.一种具有存储在其上的可执行指令的非临时性计算机可读介质，当所述可执行指令由计算机的处理器执行时，控制所述计算机执行以下步骤：
在直径节点处：
确定与要发送给目的地的接收的直径信息相关联的第一直径协议；
确定与所述目的地相关联的第二直径协议；
对所述接收的直径信息进行协调，使得经协调的直径信息与所述第二直径协议兼容；以及
将所述经协调的直径信息提供给所述目的地。
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