CN102749935A - Method and device for tracking sun by solar panel - Google Patents
Method and device for tracking sun by solar panel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102749935A CN102749935A CN2012102699011A CN201210269901A CN102749935A CN 102749935 A CN102749935 A CN 102749935A CN 2012102699011 A CN2012102699011 A CN 2012102699011A CN 201210269901 A CN201210269901 A CN 201210269901A CN 102749935 A CN102749935 A CN 102749935A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- light intensity
- intensity sensor
- test
- detection
- sun
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for tracking the sun by a solar panel. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) determining an optimal placing dip angle of a light intensity sensor used for testing, arraning the light intensity sensor on a test plate, rotating the light intensity sensor used for testing for 180 degrees in an east-west vertical plane or a south-north vertical plane by starting from the fact that the test plate is vertical to the ground plane on the test plate, recording a light intensity value and a corresponding angle value in the rotating process, making a difference between the light intensity values of adjacent items to obtain a point with the maximum difference value, taking the point as a jump point of the light intensity, taking an angle corresponding to the jump point as an optimal placing dip angle of the light intensity sensor used for testing, and according to the optimal placing dip angle, fixing the light intensity sensor used for testing; and 2) on the basis of the light intensity sensor used for testing, which is arranged on a surface plate, executing an automatic light following step, and regulating the dip angle of the surface plate to enable the surface plate to track the sun in real time. The method and the device for tracking the sun by the solar panel have the advantages of high precision and easiness in implementation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic information technical field, relate to a kind of method and apparatus of solar panel sun-tracing.
Background technology
Human exploitation to natural energy resources had got into a new period from the past to the exploitation of oil, coal, promptly was master's new forms of energy period with regenerative resources such as sun power, wind energies.Developed country such as west, Japan with solar electrical energy generation its domestic popularizes, but fixing cell panel collects the efficient of sun power and has much room for improvement, therefore, it is imperative to invent a kind of efficient and firm solar panel light-chasing device.
As everyone knows, present solar panel is to fix facing one direction mostly, so solar energy utilization rate is lower.At present, also the someone has designed solar tracking device, but complex design, and anti-interference is poor, and does not have strict science argument to prove its effect of following spot, so fail to obtain good popularizing.
Nowadays, the standard that solar panel becomes general residential area, parking lot ceiling, buildings facade gradually is equipped with, and shines the sun power number of solar panels on the roof, becomes the sine value size at the elevation angle and decides according to multiform between the sun and the solar panels.In other words, the plane of having only solar panel can reach best solar energy collecting effect over against the sun.Learn according to test, under the same terms, adopt the generated energy of solar-tracking equipment to improve 35%, therefore, in sun power utilizes, be necessary to carry out solar tracking than the system that does not adopt.
Yet traditional sun follower has some shortcomings:
1. because of the function restriction of solar tracker, its installation environment is comparatively abominable, need bear outdoor changeable temperature and wind and frost sleet; Traditional light intensity sensor is comparatively simple; Only possess sensor function, when temperature variation, measuring accuracy can change a lot.
2. the strategy of following spot of traditional solar tracker is comparatively simple, just by feeling to provide a drift angle or photosensitive sites, therefore, can't reach the best effect of following spot.
3. the used optical sensor of traditional solar tracking device does not possess the linear relationship with intensity of illumination, and therefore just approximate a kind of linear relationship, has very big influence to measurement result.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of solar panel sun-tracing, the method and apparatus of this solar panel sun-tracing precision height, easy to implement of following spot.
The technical solution of invention is following:
A kind of method of solar panel sun-tracing is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: confirm the best placement angle of test with light intensity sensor:
To test with light intensity sensor according on test board; Begin perpendicular to ground level from test board, in the perpendicular in east-west direction or north and south, rotate 180 degree, [SF ought to be Chip Microcomputer A mouth SF; Yes, and The faster the better; But, also to consider the reading speed of the angle of angular transducer, these two data will match and read.Therefore, after taking all factors into consideration, SF is elected the accuracy limitations that 1 time/second rotational angle receives angular transducer as, and what the present invention adopted is the angular transducer of 1 degree, therefore, and each once the rotation.(here, each rotational angle to increase, can not reduce only; But consider precision; Maximum surpasses 5 degree)] light intensity value and corresponding angle value in the record rotation process, and the light intensity value of adjacency is done poor, draw a maximum point of difference; The transition point that this point is a light intensity, the angle that transition point is corresponding are the best placement angle of test with light intensity sensor; And use light intensity sensor according to this best placement angle fixing test; As long as [place it in east-west direction, just can obtain the best angle of thing; Place it in North and South direction, just can detect the north and south best angle.Therefore, as long as just make movable can.】
Step 2: light intensity sensor is used in the detection based on being arranged on the flat board, carries out the step of following spot automatically, and the dull and stereotyped inclination angle of adjustment makes the dull and stereotyped real-time follow-up sun:
Detection is drawn together the detection that is separately positioned on the east on the flat board and is used light intensity sensor Swest with two groups of detections in light intensity sensor Seast and west with the light intensity sensor pack; Detection in the east uses the detected light intensity value of light intensity sensor Seast to be Eeast, and two groups of detections in west use the detected light intensity value of light intensity sensor Swest to be Ewest; If do not satisfy ε
1<eeast-Ewest<ε
2, [during the operation of border, desiring to reach the effect of following spot of the best, about 0 symmetry, is not (0,35) this interval, i.e. (ε
1, ε
2) confirm.] the then dull and stereotyped direction deflection that light intensity value is bigger in Eeas and Ewest of control, and detect Eeast and Ewest in real time, up to ε
1<eeast-Ewest<ε
2, wherein
1ε and ε
2, being preset threshold value, the inclination angle of the east-west direction of dull and stereotyped correspondence is the east-west direction inclination angle of the dull and stereotyped real-time follow-up sun at this moment.[threshold value is to be provided with according to the difference of location, need when for the first time this device being installed, detect, thereby determine threshold value, and the difference of threshold value can have influence on the precision of following spot]
Detection comprises also with light intensity sensor that the detection that is separately positioned on the south on the flat board detects with the light intensity sensor Ssouth and the north two groups and uses light intensity sensor Snorth; The detection in south uses the detected light intensity value of light intensity sensor Ssouth to be Esouth, and two groups of detections on the north use the detected light intensity value of light intensity sensor Snorth to be Enorth;
If do not satisfy ε
3<esouth-Enorth<ε
4, the then dull and stereotyped direction deflection that light intensity value is bigger in Esouth and Enorth of control, and detect Esouth and Enorth in real time, up to ε
3<esouth-Enorth<ε
4, ε wherein
3And ε
4Be preset threshold value, the inclination angle of the North and South direction of dull and stereotyped correspondence is the North and South direction inclination angle of the dull and stereotyped real-time follow-up sun at this moment.
Described detection is all adopted the photocell detectors based on temperature compensation with light intensity sensor and test with light intensity sensor.
A kind of device of the solar panel sun-tracing based on preceding method, comprise flat board, test board, detection with light intensity sensor, test with light intensity sensor, angular transducer, controller and motor;
Detect with light intensity sensor, test with light intensity sensor and angular transducer and all join with the signal input part of controller, motor is controlled by controller; Test all is arranged on the test board with light intensity sensor and angular transducer; Dull and stereotyped east and west respectively is provided with a detection and uses sensor.
A kind of device of solar panel sun-tracing is characterized in that, comprise flat board, test board, detection with light intensity sensor, test with light intensity sensor, angular transducer, controller and motor;
Detect with light intensity sensor, test with light intensity sensor and angular transducer and all join with the signal input part of controller, motor is controlled by controller; Test all is arranged on the test board with light intensity sensor and angular transducer; Dull and stereotyped east and west respectively is provided with a detection and uses sensor;
Also respectively be provided with a detection on the south of flat board and the north and use sensor.
Each detection is arranged on the hang plate with sensor, and the end that stretch out the coboundary both sides of hang plate is arranged in the arc-shaped slide rail.
Described detection is all adopted the photocell detectors based on temperature compensation with light intensity sensor and test with light intensity sensor.
Based on being configured to of the photocell detectors of temperature compensation:
Comprise first photoelectric cell, second photoelectric cell, first operational amplifier, second operational amplifier and the 3rd operational amplifier, wherein first photoelectric cell is operated in the shading pattern; Second photoelectric cell is operated in not shading pattern; First photoelectric cell output signal is sent into the positive input terminal of the 3rd operational amplifier after first operational amplifier amplifies; Second photoelectric cell output signal is sent into the negative input end of the 3rd operational amplifier after second operational amplifier amplifies; The 3rd operational amplifier is operated in the same way or reverse amplification mode, and the output terminal of the 3rd operational amplifier is the output terminal based on the photocell detectors of temperature compensation.
In the amplifying circuit based on the 3rd operational amplifier, at least one resistance of participating in amplification is adjustable resistance.[adjustable resistance can reach the effect of regulating this detector sensitivity, thereby can adapt to the illuminated condition of different regions.】
Technical conceive of the present invention is explained as follows:
One, the light intensity testing circuit of band temperature compensation function
At present, have manyly to the solar panel Module Design of following spot, but the sunlight intensity sensing module is similar; Most adopt little electro-optical package group, align through plane and according to the plane vertical direction position of the whole solar panel in location is set solar day, read current data that little electro-optical package group reads or link to each other with the sensor output terminal with the base stage of triode through single-chip microcomputer with little electro-optical package group; According to intensity of illumination of sensing or size of current basis for estimation is provided for following spot; Make decision for logical block, this module realizes simple, but receives weather and surrounding environment influence bigger; And control strategy is simple and crude, and the precision of following spot is difficult to guarantee.
So, desire to reach the effect that solar panel is accurately followed spot, at first to design a kind of light intensity test device efficiently.
Sun light intensity sensor circuit sensor of the present invention adopts the BPW34 photoelectric cell, and its short-circuit current becomes exact linear relationship with sunlight intensity, and the spectral range significant reaction that sunshine is belonged to.Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation of short-circuit current and sunlight intensity.And the photronic low price of BPW34, good economy performance.
In the reality, the current ratio that the BPW34 photoelectric cell is produced by solar radiation is less, so the present invention adopts the I/V change-over circuit that the electric current that sensor produces is changed into voltage, and then amplifies with the OP07 amplifier.In addition, the illuminant module of considering the solar light tracking system is to be placed under the outdoor environment, and temperature variation is bigger; So the present invention designs a kind of difference channel, through adding photoelectric cell into one piece of shading; Making it the sensitization result subtracts each other with last photoelectric cell output earlier; The fluctuation of the photoelectric cell short-circuit current that can Yin Wendu be caused is offset, and reaches the effect of temperature compensation, improves accuracy of detection.(will do detailed description below)
Because circuital current is smaller, be microampere order other, so, receive Influence of Temperature bigger.The temperature characteristics of silicon photocell is as shown in Figure 3, and the temperature variant curve of open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current (curve 1,2) is linearity, and open-circuit voltage increases with temperature and descends, on the contrary short-circuit current.
To photronic These characteristics, the present invention chooses the variation interference that difference channel is offset the photocurrent that causes owing to temperature.At first, utilize the short characteristic of void of amplifier, make that photoelectric cell is short circuit output, connecting, current conversion is become voltage and amplifies output with hundred Europe level resistance; Get this two identical circuit and be connected to U2C and realize differentially, like this, the magnitude of voltage of output has just reflected the effect of intensity of illumination to the photoelectric cell output current, thereby has offset the error that causes on the temperature.
In sum, light intensity testing circuit of the present invention has been introduced and has been finished.The design can be linear the light intensity of reaction incident sunshine, weakened the influence of temperature variation to system accuracy, improved stability, and on economy, the deviser considers also, has reached quite high cost performance.
Two, detect confirming with light intensity sensor and vertical plane angle
Confirm that the placement location that detects with light intensity sensor is extremely important.Native system has the sensor angle that is different from other schemes of following spot to confirm method, and this method has science, and actual effect is remarkable.
Come the method for sun-tracing light to have much through sensor.Through to the research of solar-tracking system documentation in the past; Characteristics and breadboard experiment condition in conjunction with native system; Angled [angular range is 0 to spend to 90 and spend photoelectric cell with sensitization part in the present invention; The confirming of concrete angle will be used test with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector module] be distributed in solar panel around, and rotate simultaneously with solar panel.Through being adjusted to suitable angle [when " suitable angle " here is meant and can makes the solar radiation vertical irradiation; The angle that the intensity of solar radiation that four detections are experienced with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector is identical (difference that is the opposite side intensity of illumination experienced of sensor fluctuates in very little scope) need be confirmed according to the different situations of different regions solar radiation.]; When making the solar radiation vertical irradiation; The intensity of solar radiation that four detections are experienced with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector is roughly the same, and [threshold value is to decide according to the actual conditions of different regions, still within preset threshold scope in advance; Only need, this cover system adjustment once just not need later on to adjust once more when being installed.Through doing experiment in Changsha, threshold range is (5 ,+35) interval, is (32767 ,+32767) for the overall measurement range; In this interval fluctuation, can make solar panels over against the sun.】。When the angle of sunlight changes; Four detections can change with the voltage of light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector; The voltage that shows as in the shade is less; Sunny slope bigger, and two detections that are in the opposite with the voltage difference of light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector greater than pre-set threshold.Through value repeatedly and ask average; Can obtain the intensity of illumination mean difference of a certain moment north and south, east-west direction; [we are that to utilize opposite side sensor light intensity value to do poor, judge the position of present solar panels through the difference size can to determine the roughly angle of sun this moment according to the stool and urine of this difference.Give an example: when the sun in the east the time, yet, solar panels deflection west; Like this, the sunshine utilization factor is not high, need deflect into east over against the sun; At this moment, system's sensor in the east is 2300 (virtual values) because of the direction in face of the sun so the light intensity that senses is fixed tentatively; The sensor in west is because be not in face of the sunshine direction, so light intensity value is 200; So difference is 2300-200=2100; Be far longer than threshold value, system will move, and makes plank to moving in the east; In the process, the plank light intensity value in east is changing, and is same; The plank light intensity value in west is also changing, and changes the difference that causes both the reducing of linearity, in being reduced to threshold range; System stop the action, then reach over against effect.So, for the light intensity value of different solar incident angle degree and east, two sensors in west one-to-one relationship is arranged, through reading it, can roughly confirm solar azimuth.], through the rotation of adjustment stepper motor, make voltage difference that two detections of north and south, east-west direction produce with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector in threshold range up to turning to, then explanation is at this moment over against the sun.
The method detects the precision of following spot that angle has influenced whole system greatly of putting with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector in realization.It is little to detect excessive with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular angle, then relative two sensing plates change in voltage when sun irradiation angle changes, and the effect of following spot is bad; Detect too smallly with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular angle, then the sensor near normal is experienced the solar light irradiation ability and is weakened greatly, does not reach the effect of accurately following spot equally.And, receive the time of solar light irradiation, angle all different in the different regions of the earth.Therefore, maximum difficult point be suit measures to local conditions determine the put angle of four detections with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector, make whole system accurately to follow spot.The present invention designs a kind of science, the easy definite detection method with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular angle.
The present invention uses a stepper motor, an angular transducer, a test with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector, and together with single-chip microcomputer, just can accomplish confirming of best angle.Operational process is following:
When whole system started, stepper motor drove test with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and angular transducer (both connect firmly, rotate simultaneously); From beginning, rotate 180 degree, with light intensity value in the frequency record rotation process of sampling and corresponding angle value (90 ° ~+90 °) perpendicular to ground level; Store in the corresponding array; And the light intensity value of adjacency is done poor, draw a maximum point of difference, the transition point that this point is a light intensity; Its corresponding angle is the angle of the detection of the best with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular; This angle can show in specific display module, and operating personnel only need regulate the angle (the present invention to every piece detection with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector be equipped with accurate measurement of angle device) of four detections with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector according to the angle that machine provides; So far, just accomplish definite the detection with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular angle.
This programme adaptability is more intense, when installing in different regions, only needs when assembling for the first time; The operation selftest module; Just can four planks and vertical face angle be transferred to correct position (promptly when shining upon, the difference of sampled value is in allowed band), just can forever assemble this device.
Three, detection is with the method for adjustment of light intensity sensor and perpendicular angle
Through above-mentioned and function, native system has been determined and has been detected the optimum angle with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular.
For conveniently in reality, regulating corresponding angle; The present invention designs the method for adjustment of a kind of easy, accurate detection with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular angle; The one side that is about to detect with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector is installed in the rotating shaft; Opposite side is made slide rail, and it is spent on the adjustable quadrant track at one 90 slide, and can be in any fixed angle.So in practical operation, operating personnel only need the angle according to single-chip microcomputer output, regulate respective detection and get final product with the angle of light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector.
Beneficial effect:
The method and apparatus of solar panel sun-tracing of the present invention, its device comprise the testing battery light intensity sensor, detect with photoelectric cell light intensity sensor, stepper motor and driving, angular transducer, single-chip microcomputer and mounting bracket.Test is with being installed in the stepper motor rotating shaft behind light intensity sensor and the angular transducer hard link, and detection is installed on the photoreceptor fixed head with light intensity sensor is angled, by the running of Single-chip Controlling whole system.In this procedure; Said test is carried out full angle scanning with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector, and the collocation angular transducer, determines to detect and puts angle with the best of photoelectric cell light intensity sensor plate; According to the difference of opposite side sensing data, carry out following spot of linear band dead band again.Simultaneously, consider that this device practical application location circumstances is abominable, design temperature compensating circuit voluntarily in light intensity sensor is realized the high-acruracy survey of sunlight intensity, thereby realizes that high precision follows spot.The present invention is applied to the solar light tracking system with the notion of temperature compensation; Simultaneously, propose a kind of definite light intensity sensor of science and the short-cut method of perpendicular angle, have measuring accuracy height, highly sensitive, anti-interference strong, scientific strong advantage, can be applicable in the system of following spot of big or middle scale solar panel.
The present invention adopts and detects with photoelectric cell temperature compensation light intensity detector and test with photoelectric cell temperature compensation light intensity detector, through the measure of temperature compensation, can as much as possible reduce temperature effect, the raising accuracy of detection; In addition, in the amplifying circuit, adopt adjustable resistance, can further strengthen of the present invention different application occasion applicability.
Confirm the best placement angle of test with light intensity sensor, carry out the step of following spot automatically again, easy to implement, step is simply effective;
Can science, reach the effect of following spot firmly, accurately.And the present invention has the advantage effective, that equipment cost is low, volume is little of following spot.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the corresponding process flow diagram of method of solar panel sun-tracing;
Fig. 2 is photoelectric cell short-circuit current and intensity of illumination family curve;
Fig. 3 is the relation curve of photoelectric cell short-circuit current and temperature variation;
Fig. 4 is a light intensity sensor temperature-compensation circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is for detecting the hardware connection layout of confirming device with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and the optimum angle of perpendicular;
Fig. 6 is the design sketch after detection installs with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular included angle regulator;
Fig. 7 is a parking lot steelframe synoptic diagram;
Label declaration: 1-stepper motor, 2-photoelectric cell, 3-angular transducer, 4-operational amplifier.5-detects and uses the light intensity detection module, and 6-shines upon the plane, 7-angular adjustment slide rail, 8-parking stall.
Embodiment
Below will combine accompanying drawing and specific embodiment that the present invention is explained further details:
Embodiment 1:
The process flow diagram of entire method is as shown in Figure 1, and it is example that this cover system is installed on a motor pool steelframe top, and actual operation effect of the present invention is described:
This parking lot is mainly the kart service, and the parking stall size is 2600mm * 5200mm, and the vehicle passageway is wide to be 5600mm.The high 3000mm of steel frame construction, the long 8600mm of unit grid, wide 8000mm sees Fig. 7.Each three photovoltaic panel of unit cloth of following spot, total size is 1240mm * 2540mm, is called for short Tracker.The designing requirement central shaft is positive south-north direction, and the steel frame construction of lower floor possibly receive objective restriction and can not satisfy south-north direction, so the supporting construction of the system of following spot of design can be independent with next steelframe.Be blocking each other of each Tracker of avoiding, the north and south spacing is 4300mm between Tracker, thing spacing 2667mm.Depart from 60 ° even turn over 60 ° or winter solar orbital plane like this, can not block each other between Tracker.
System adopts the novel double-motor transmission to follow the tracks of, and in conjunction with photoelectric cell temperature compensation detector and position of sun algorithm, adopts 16 Freescale-mc9xs128 microprocessors, is the design that topworks realizes the solar energy intelligent light-chasing device with the stepper motor.
When whole system starts; Stepper motor drives test with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and angular transducer (both hard links; Rotate simultaneously), from beginning, clockwise rotate 180 degree perpendicular to big ground level; Light intensity value and corresponding angle value (90 ° ~+90 °) with in the Chip Microcomputer A mouth SF record rotation process store in the corresponding array; And the light intensity value of adjacency is done poor; Draw a maximum point of difference; The transition point that this point is a light intensity, its corresponding angle are the angle of the detection of the best with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector and perpendicular, and this angle can show in specific display module; The angle that operating personnel provide according to machine is regulated the angle of four detections with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector.So far, just accomplished the first step of following spot.
Then; Accomplished photographic department divided angled be distributed in solar panel around after this operation; Then during the solar radiation vertical irradiation; The intensity of solar radiation that four detections are experienced with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector is roughly the same, within preset threshold scope in advance.When the angle of sunlight changes; Four detections can change with the voltage of light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector; The voltage that shows as in the shade is less; Sunny slope bigger, and two detections that are in the opposite with the voltage difference of light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector greater than pre-set threshold.Through value repeatedly and ask average; Can obtain the intensity of illumination mean difference of a certain moment north and south, east-west direction; Can determine the roughly angle of sun this moment according to the stool and urine of this difference; The rotation of adjustment gear train makes voltage difference that two detections of north and south, east-west direction produce with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector in threshold range up to turning to, and then explanation is at this moment over against the sun.Because solar panel rotates with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector with detecting simultaneously, and keeps acting in agreement, so, in case detection with light battery temperature compensation light intensity detector over against the sun, then cell panel is also over against the sun.In the reality, one overlaps the polylith cell panel in the quite big zone of system's may command of following spot.
Applied solar energy simulation softward SAM is that standard is simulated annual generating of Chinese typical urban sun power with typical meteorological year, and relatively, obtains table 1 data:
Table 1100kW photovoltaic generating system double-axis tracking formula and fixed performance comparison
Can know that by table 1 double-axis tracking can improve 20-30% with the photovoltaic generation amount.
In addition; Because photovoltaic panel produces electric current and hour can not work; So the fixed working time was generally 6-7 hour; And double-axis tracking can extend to 8-9 hour with the photovoltaic panel working time, has not only improved photovoltaic efficiency so use double-axis tracking formula solar power system, has also improved photovoltaic panel man-hour.
Originally the system of following spot; It [is that east-west direction and North and South direction respectively have and make poor sensor that the two-dimensions of realization level and vertical direction is followed the trail of; When difference during greater than preset threshold, just can drive corresponding linkage (this part non-the present invention consider), move to the orientation that makes difference reduce; This moment, corresponding solar panels also can and then rotate, and reached the effect over against the sun.Two-dimensions, it is poor that all do in thing, north and south, and it is embodied in can accomplish in one day sun east is risen the tracking that the west falls, and also can accomplish the tracking that move in middle throughout the year sun north and south.], compared to widely used various dimensions system, be simple and easy to safeguard that cost reduces greatly, not only satisfy the tracking that sunlight East and West direction among a day is changed on the function, also adapt to the seasonal variety of sun altitude, realize following spot comprehensive high efficiency.
Secondly, on the operational mode of Tracing Control system, adopt and divide meteorological operational mode.Fine day, motor is every at a distance from set time section operation once, is that photovoltaic panel is vertical with the sunlight direction; Cloudy day, the motor stall.Compare all the period of time operational mode, when utilizing the photovoltaic panel resource substantially, avoided the energy dissipation of motor lost motion, compare every square metre of generating efficiency of fixed type photovoltaic plate and improve 20% to 30%.
When detecting, per second detects once with light intensity sensor in test.Detecting data is (light intensity value, angle in real time)
For example: in service once, the similar one group of data in (2300 ,-90) (2500 ,-85) (3000 ,-75).[lean on the photoelectric cell sensor to pass to the analog quantity digitizing of AD mouth during these data, with voltage signal and light intensity are a kind of linear corresponding relation]
Angle about the best:
With the east-west direction is example: begin to change (promptly from the east) from-90 degree, best angle is exactly to the light intensity value in above-mentioned (light intensity value, angle in real time) these group data; Adjacent do poor; The difference of this moment is a positive number, the difference maximum, then corresponding two groups of data; Asking the mean value of these two groups of data corresponding angles, is the best angle of east sensor; In like manner, when pivotal plate turns over 0 degree, can continue to have changeed ensuing 90 degree, at this moment; It is poor that detected (light intensity value, angle in real time) middle light intensity value adjacency is done, and difference is a negative value; Getting two minimum in the negative value, ask the mean value of the angle of correspondence then, is west best angle value.
For light intensity value, in actual motion, fine had than big difference with the cloudy day.Accomplish and once to follow spot several seconds to tens seconds time approximately, depend on the position of initial time solar panels and the position of the sun at that time.But in actual motion, the difference of opposite side light intensity value is strict successively decreasing, and finally can fluctuate at threshold range.Simultaneously, solar panels are also roughly positive towards the sun.
Claims (9)
1. the method for a solar panel sun-tracing is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: confirm the best placement angle of test with light intensity sensor:
To test with light intensity sensor according on test board; Begin perpendicular to ground level from test board, in the perpendicular in east-west direction or north and south, rotate 180 degree, light intensity value in the record rotation process and corresponding angle value; And the light intensity value of adjacency is done poor; Draw a maximum point of difference, the transition point that this point is a light intensity, the angle that transition point is corresponding is the best placement angle of test with light intensity sensor; And use light intensity sensor according to this best placement angle fixing test; Step 2: light intensity sensor is used in the detection based on being arranged on the flat board, carries out the step of following spot automatically, and the dull and stereotyped inclination angle of adjustment makes the dull and stereotyped real-time follow-up sun:
Detection is drawn together the detection that is separately positioned on the east on the flat board and is used light intensity sensor Swest with two groups of detections in light intensity sensor Seast and west with the light intensity sensor pack; Detection in the east uses the detected light intensity value of light intensity sensor Seast to be Eeast, and two groups of detections in west use the detected light intensity value of light intensity sensor Swest to be Ewest; If do not satisfy ε
1<eeast-Ewest<ε
2, the then dull and stereotyped direction deflection that light intensity value is bigger in Eeas and Ewest of control, and detect Eeast and Ewest in real time, up to ε
1<eeast-Ewest<ε
2, wherein
1ε and ε
2, being preset threshold value, the inclination angle of the east-west direction of dull and stereotyped correspondence is the east-west direction inclination angle of the dull and stereotyped real-time follow-up sun at this moment.
2. the method for solar panel sun-tracing according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Detection comprises also with light intensity sensor that the detection that is separately positioned on the south on the flat board detects with the light intensity sensor Ssouth and the north two groups and uses light intensity sensor Snorth; The detection in south uses the detected light intensity value of light intensity sensor Ssouth to be Esouth, and two groups of detections on the north use the detected light intensity value of light intensity sensor Snorth to be Enorth;
If do not satisfy ε
3<esouth-Enorth<ε
4, the then dull and stereotyped direction deflection that light intensity value is bigger in Esouth and Enorth of control, and detect Esouth and Enorth in real time, up to ε
3<esouth-Enorth<ε
4, ε wherein
3And ε
4Be preset threshold value, the inclination angle of the North and South direction of dull and stereotyped correspondence is the North and South direction inclination angle of the dull and stereotyped real-time follow-up sun at this moment.
3. the method for solar panel sun-tracing according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described detection is all adopted the photocell detectors based on temperature compensation with light intensity sensor and test with light intensity sensor.
4. device based on the solar panel sun-tracing of the method for the described solar panel sun-tracing of claim 1; It is characterized in that, comprise flat board, test board, detection light intensity sensor, test light intensity sensor, angular transducer, controller and motor;
Detect with light intensity sensor, test with light intensity sensor and angular transducer and all join with the signal input part of controller, motor is controlled by controller; Test all is arranged on the test board with light intensity sensor and angular transducer; Dull and stereotyped east and west respectively is provided with a detection and uses sensor.
5. device based on the solar panel sun-tracing of the method for the described solar panel sun-tracing of claim 2; It is characterized in that, comprise flat board, test board, detection light intensity sensor, test light intensity sensor, angular transducer, controller and motor;
Detect with light intensity sensor, test with light intensity sensor and angular transducer and all join with the signal input part of controller, motor is controlled by controller; Test all is arranged on the test board with light intensity sensor and angular transducer; Dull and stereotyped east and west respectively is provided with a detection and uses sensor;
Also respectively be provided with a detection on the south of flat board and the north and use sensor.
6. the device of solar panel sun-tracing according to claim 5 is characterized in that, each detection is arranged on the hang plate with sensor, and the end that stretch out the coboundary both sides of hang plate is arranged in the arc-shaped slide rail.
7. according to the device of each described solar panel sun-tracing of claim 4-6, it is characterized in that described detection is all adopted the photocell detectors based on temperature compensation with light intensity sensor and test with light intensity sensor.
8. the device of solar panel sun-tracing according to claim 7 is characterized in that, based on being configured to of the photocell detectors of temperature compensation:
Comprise first photoelectric cell, second photoelectric cell, first operational amplifier, second operational amplifier and the 3rd operational amplifier, wherein first photoelectric cell is operated in the shading pattern; Second photoelectric cell is operated in not shading pattern; First photoelectric cell output signal is sent into the positive input terminal of the 3rd operational amplifier after first operational amplifier amplifies; Second photoelectric cell output signal is sent into the negative input end of the 3rd operational amplifier after second operational amplifier amplifies; The 3rd operational amplifier is operated in the same way or reverse amplification mode, and the output terminal of the 3rd operational amplifier is the output terminal based on the photocell detectors of temperature compensation.
9. the device of solar panel sun-tracing according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in the amplifying circuit based on the 3rd operational amplifier, at least one resistance of participating in amplification is adjustable resistance.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210269901.1A CN102749935B (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Method and device for tracking sun by solar panel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210269901.1A CN102749935B (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Method and device for tracking sun by solar panel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102749935A true CN102749935A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| CN102749935B CN102749935B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
Family
ID=47030217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210269901.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102749935B (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2012-07-31 | Method and device for tracking sun by solar panel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102749935B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103455046A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-12-18 | 南京工业职业技术学院 | Automatic tracking sunshade |
| CN103472857A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-25 | 天津市畅悦电子科技有限公司 | Sunlight three-dimensional photometric system |
| CN107179090A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-19 | 天津滨海光热跟踪技术有限公司 | A kind of obliquity sensor accuracy test device and its method of testing |
| CN108508921A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-07 | 上海电机学院 | A kind of photovoltaic tracking device and its application method of the vehicles |
| CN111121666A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-08 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Angle determination method and electronic equipment |
| CN115133849A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-30 | 华能陇东能源有限责任公司 | Distributed photovoltaic power generation system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06151934A (en) * | 1992-01-20 | 1994-05-31 | Press Kogyo Kk | Automatic tracking device for solar battery |
| CN2248853Y (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1997-03-05 | 秦皇岛市新能源办公室 | Automatic sun facing control device |
| CN101662240A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-03-03 | 北京奥腾讯达科技有限公司 | Self-orienting solar power generation device |
| CN102073325A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-05-25 | 华南农业大学 | Biaxial automatic tracking device and method for maximum power point of solar panel |
| CN102393752A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-03-28 | 南通纺织职业技术学院 | Solar tracking device and control system thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-07-31 CN CN201210269901.1A patent/CN102749935B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06151934A (en) * | 1992-01-20 | 1994-05-31 | Press Kogyo Kk | Automatic tracking device for solar battery |
| CN2248853Y (en) * | 1996-09-16 | 1997-03-05 | 秦皇岛市新能源办公室 | Automatic sun facing control device |
| CN101662240A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-03-03 | 北京奥腾讯达科技有限公司 | Self-orienting solar power generation device |
| CN102073325A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-05-25 | 华南农业大学 | Biaxial automatic tracking device and method for maximum power point of solar panel |
| CN102393752A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-03-28 | 南通纺织职业技术学院 | Solar tracking device and control system thereof |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103455046A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-12-18 | 南京工业职业技术学院 | Automatic tracking sunshade |
| CN103472857A (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2013-12-25 | 天津市畅悦电子科技有限公司 | Sunlight three-dimensional photometric system |
| CN107179090A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-19 | 天津滨海光热跟踪技术有限公司 | A kind of obliquity sensor accuracy test device and its method of testing |
| CN107179090B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2024-01-26 | 天津滨海光热跟踪技术有限公司 | Inclination sensor precision testing device and testing method thereof |
| CN108508921A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-07 | 上海电机学院 | A kind of photovoltaic tracking device and its application method of the vehicles |
| CN111121666A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-08 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Angle determination method and electronic equipment |
| CN115133849A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-30 | 华能陇东能源有限责任公司 | Distributed photovoltaic power generation system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102749935B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101662241B (en) | Sun orientation automatic tracking method and device used for photovoltaic power generation | |
| CN102749935B (en) | Method and device for tracking sun by solar panel | |
| KR100799094B1 (en) | Sunlight detecting system for the solar cell and solar heat sink device | |
| CN101943917B (en) | Light ray automatic-tracking device | |
| CN205265606U (en) | Utilize light reflection's solar PV modules power generation system | |
| CN107340785A (en) | A kind of double side photovoltaic battery component tracks method and controller based on intelligentized control method | |
| CN103809617A (en) | Control method for photovoltaic power generation double-axis tracking system | |
| CN211739526U (en) | Rotary light following type solar panel device based on vision | |
| CN103806607A (en) | Double-slope movable roof capable of tracing sunshine and control method | |
| CN104410356A (en) | Solar tracking and concentrating power generation system | |
| Fadhil et al. | Design and implementation of smart electronic solar tracker based on Arduino | |
| KR100970961B1 (en) | Sun tracking and driving sensor | |
| CN201408367Y (en) | Sun-following tracking probe | |
| CN110986387A (en) | Rotary light following type solar panel device based on vision | |
| CN106292743A (en) | Solar double-shaft auto-tracking system and tracking | |
| CN202013515U (en) | Sunlight automatic tracking device | |
| CN103092215A (en) | Double-shaft sun position tracking device and forecast disturbance control method thereof | |
| CN202472431U (en) | Concentrating photovoltaic double-axis timing tracking control system | |
| CN204832971U (en) | Solar panel tracking control device | |
| CN204271986U (en) | A kind of solar energy tracking Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) | |
| CN103455047B (en) | Sun tracker and tracking | |
| CN102789239A (en) | Double-shaft high-precision solar tracking motor controller | |
| CN208298024U (en) | Ball-type photoelectricity for adjusting electricity generation system solar panels best angle adjusts system | |
| CN109308079A (en) | A kind of shading type solar-cell panel support system for automatically regulating angles | |
| Danu et al. | Influence of tilt and orientation angle of the PV panels on high-energy production in Romanian climate conditions during cold season |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140917 Termination date: 20200731 |