CN101943917B - Light ray automatic-tracking device - Google Patents
Light ray automatic-tracking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101943917B CN101943917B CN2010102762181A CN201010276218A CN101943917B CN 101943917 B CN101943917 B CN 101943917B CN 2010102762181 A CN2010102762181 A CN 2010102762181A CN 201010276218 A CN201010276218 A CN 201010276218A CN 101943917 B CN101943917 B CN 101943917B
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- light sensor
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- height adjustment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a light ray automatic-tracking device, which comprises a height adjustment mechanism, a plurality of photosensitive sensors, an operational amplifier, an analogue-to-digital converter and a singlechip, wherein the height adjustment mechanism comprises a fixed base and a shell; the fixed base is a bottom plate with photosensitive sensor mounting holes; the shell is provided with a light hole which is provided with a convex lens; the photosensitive sensor in the center of the fixed base is ensured to be dead against the convex lens on the shell; and photocurrent generated by the photosensitive sensors is converted into voltage signals, the voltage signals are amplified by the operational amplifier circuit and converted into digital signals by the analogue-to-digital converter, and then the digital signals are transmitted to the singlechip. The light ray automatic-tracking device has the characteristics of low cost, high performance, high accuracy, high applicability and the like, and simultaneously, is applied to the tracking and positioning of the track of the sun as well as the tracks of other luminous objects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar photovoltaic generation system field, particularly relate to a kind of light autotracker, tracing and positioning is carried out in the visible light source position, obtain relevant position information according to geographical location information, local time value and visible light projection.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development and the progress of human industrial society, energy resource consumption is in continuous aggravation, and human also increasing to the dependence of the energy, energy problem has become a worldwide problem that needs to be resolved hurrily at present.In today that energy supply and demand contradiction becomes increasingly conspicuous, sun power is widely used in the photovoltaic generation industry as a kind of regenerative resource of cleanliness without any pollution.Yet existing photovoltaic generating system generally is to install solar module is directed, and promptly solar panel can not keep all the time over against the sun, so solar panel can not absorb sunshine fully and bring into play the generating capacity of solar cell.Experiment shows: the tracking of the sun and non-tracking, the acceptance rate of energy differs 35%, so the design of intelligent-tracking sun device is to solve a low important channel of solar energy utilization ratio.This device can improve the per day generated energy of photovoltaic module greatly, and when improving the solar power plant utilization ratio, reduces cost of electricity-generating.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, the technical matters that the present invention will solve provides a kind of light autotracker.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of light autotracker comprises height adjustment mechanism, several light sensors, operational amplifier, analog to digital converter and single-chip microcomputer,
Wherein said height adjustment mechanism comprises firm banking and housing, and said firm banking is a base plate that has the light sensor mounting hole; A light hole is arranged on the described housing, on this light hole convex lens is installed, light sensor and the convex lens on the housing that guarantee said firm banking center over against,
The photocurrent that described light sensor produces amplifies through operational amplification circuit after converting voltage signal to, then through analog to digital converter, passes to single-chip microcomputer after converting digital signal to.
Described light autotracker comprises wind sensor, is used for the wind-force intensity of perception external environment.
Described light autotracker also comprises with reference to light sensor and clock chip, is used to judge daytime and weather situation rain or shine.
Be carved with rule on the described firm banking.
Described light autotracker also comprises charactron, is used to show the magnitude of voltage of each passage and the light angle that calculates.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention can be:
Characteristics such as the present invention has cheap, and performance is excellent, and precision is high, and applicability is strong, this device not only is applicable to the track of sun track and localization simultaneously, also is applicable to other luminous object track following location.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the skeleton view of light autotracker of the present invention.
Fig. 2 a is the synoptic diagram of light autotracker of the present invention.
Fig. 2 b is the bottom schematic view of light autotracker of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of light autotracker of the present invention.
Embodiment
Do further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment specific embodiments of the invention, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
See also Fig. 3.Light autotracker of the present invention is a kind of track of sun tracing positioning apparatus; This device mainly is transformed into electric signal through the light intensity signal that the light sensor arrays of handling particular surroundings obtains; By comparing the gained voltage signal, confirm light and solar cell frame plate angle again, will calculate the gained angle information again and be delivered to single-chip microcomputer; Can send declination signal by single-chip microcomputer and drive corresponding motor and adjust, until the sunlight vertical irradiation on the sensor base plate plane.
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b.Apparatus of the present invention mainly partly are made up of height adjustment mechanism, light sensor, operational amplifier, analog to digital converter, single-chip microcomputer, wind sensor, clock chip, charactron etc.
Height adjustment mechanism is made up of the firm banking 2 of light sensor and 1 liang of big major part of housing of height adjustment mechanism; Wherein firm banking is a base plate that has the light sensor mounting hole; Light sensor 6 is installed according to the hole arrangement mode on the light sensor fixed base plate, and then is connected to the signal of light sensor on the single chip circuit plate through winding displacement.A light hole close with the light sensor diameter is arranged on the housing of height adjustment mechanism, convex lens 3 are installed on the hole, sunshine enters in the height adjustment mechanism through the convex lens on this hole, shines on the base plate light sensor.On the inwall of height adjustment mechanism housing, screw thread is arranged; Screw thread is also arranged on the outer wall of light sensor firm banking; Can regulate the distance of light sensor on light hole and the fixed head and the size of hot spot through the rotation height adjustment mechanism; Thereby reach the effect of regulating the maximum visual angle of sensor,, be carved with rule 4 on the light sensor firm banking for the ease of measuring.
Light sensor puts in order according to the light sensor mounting hole on the light sensor firm banking and installs; Light sensor and the convex lens mounting hole on the height adjustment mechanism housing that wherein must guarantee the center over against; After treating that light sensor is fixing; Rotate the height adjustment mechanism housing, be connected to height adjustment mechanism on the base plate through the threaded hole on the light sensor firm banking then and welded light sensor.Again on base plate with the height adjustment mechanism central horizontal not distant location the light sensor with reference to usefulness is installed.Other electronic components are welded on the circuit board according to circuit diagram successively.In the process of installing, must guarantee base plate plane and solar cell plate level.
The effect of each several part of the present invention is: light sensor mainly is to be converted into electric signal to light intensity signal; Because the photocurrent of its generation and light intensity have the better linearity relation; So be well suited for requirement of the present invention, and we can also declare the situation rain or shine of knowing weather through light sensor; Height adjustment mechanism is main light signal collection parts; Judge that through light sensor in the height adjustment mechanism with reference to the voltage difference of light sensor light drift angle in the height adjustment mechanism judges moving of the sun, we can well regulate hot spot and reach required precision through its threaded adjusting;
The horizontal direction place also has one with reference to light sensor outside height adjustment mechanism, and it is mainly used in the reference of outside light intensity, simultaneously can be used for differentiating weather condition, is arranged on the same plane with the light sensor of centre in the height adjustment mechanism.When sunray is vertical with base plate plane; The light that sees through unthreaded hole only shines the centre light sensor; When having deviation angle; According to the size of deviation angle, the light sensor of corresponding diverse location will obtain the illumination of varying strength on the base plate, and the current delivery that produces different sizes is to single-chip microcomputer.
Because the photocurrent that produces on the light sensor is almost irrelevant with its two ends institute making alive, only depends on intensity of illumination, and photocurrent and intensity of illumination be linear dependence, so the size of photocurrent has just directly been reacted the power of light intensity.Because the photocurrent that light sensor produces is very little, generally have only several microamperes to the hundreds of microampere, in order to guarantee the precision of photoelectric conversion signal; So before comparing, at first the mode through resistance in series converts current signal into voltage signal, because electric current is very little; So the voltage after the conversion is also smaller; So the voltage signal after the current conversion through operational amplification circuit, is enlarged faint voltage signal, and then carries out the comparison of voltage swing.
Because the present invention mainly is the processing of carrying out the voltage swing comparison through single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer can only read digital quantity, so before passing to data the single-chip microcomputer processing, need carry out analog to digital conversion.Locating accuracy is directly proportional with the scale of light sensor battle array; Precision improves, and the necessary corresponding expansion of the scale of light sensor battle array needs the signal of treatment conversion also many; In order to satisfy slewing rate, precision and multichannel requirement, adopted the design of parallel duplex analog to digital conversion.
Compare behind the voltage signal input single-chip microcomputer after the amplification, through comparing the size of each road voltage, single-chip microcomputer can calculate the incident angle on plane, sunray relative positioning device place this moment.For the ease of observing, can the magnitude of voltage of each passage and the light angle that calculates be shown through 8 sections charactrons, can carry out the adjustment at maximum visual angle and the location of initial point easily like this.
Wind-force intensity sensor and clock chip also are equipped with in the present invention, and it is the wind-force intensity of perception external environment that wind sensor mainly acts on, in case excessive blowing to the destruction of total system.We can know wind-force size and wind direction through the wind-force intensity sensor; When large wind; Single-chip microcomputer can send signal sets level solar panel; Reduce the destruction of wind to cell panel, we can know daytime and each corresponding constantly sun angle through clock chip, thereby can well regulate by cell panel.
The course of work of the present invention is: at first through judging daytime and weather situation rain or shine with reference to light sensor and clock chip; If be judged to be daytime and day fine, then have the convex lens that light sees through on the height adjustment mechanism and get in the control, in-house light sensor produces faint photocurrent under the irradiation of sunlight; Photoelectricity becomes voltage signal after the conversion of oversampling circuit; The reference photosensitive sensor is exposed in the sunlight, and the photocurrent of its generation is after being converted into voltage signal, and the voltage signal that produces with each light sensor in the height adjustment mechanism amplifies and comparison; Flowing to single-chip microcomputer through the pressure difference behind the differential operational amplifying circuit through analog-to-digital pressure reduction digital signal; Single-chip microcomputer calculates the sunshine angle information according to differential pressure conditions, and controller carries out the adjustment of the angle of solar panel according to angle information.If be judged to be daytime, but day the moon, single-chip microcomputer will take out the sun angle in the storage according to the time that clock chip provides, and drive motor is through the adjusting of row solar cell plate height then.If be judged to be night, then sun power can will be accepted by cell panel, and the part power supply also will cut off automatically.If run into strong wind, solar panel will be set level according to wind direction, to avoid the destruction of high wind to solar panel.
Can learn the situation rain or shine of weather through reference photosensitive sensor in this device; According to weather situation rain or shine; We can judge the numerical value that corresponding sun angle of employing time is still judged by light sensor, so just can guarantee the accurate location under various weather conditions.Therefore the present invention compares with other devices that to have function complete, and cost is low, and is effective, and precision is high, advantage of wide range of application.
The above is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be used for limiting practical range of the present invention.Have common knowledge the knowledgeable in the technical field under any, do not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when can doing various changes and retouching, so protection scope of the present invention should be looked claims institute confining spectrum and is as the criterion.
Claims (1)
1. a light autotracker is characterized in that comprising height adjustment mechanism, several light sensors, operational amplifier, analog to digital converter, single-chip microcomputer, wind sensor, clock chip, charactron;
Wherein said height adjustment mechanism comprises firm banking and housing, and said firm banking is a base plate that has the light sensor mounting hole; Light sensor is installed according to the hole arrangement mode on the light sensor fixed base plate, and then is connected to the signal of light sensor on the single chip circuit plate through winding displacement; A light hole close with the light sensor diameter is arranged on the described housing, on this light hole convex lens is installed, light sensor and the convex lens on the housing that guarantee said firm banking center over against; Sunshine enters in the height adjustment mechanism through the convex lens on this hole, shines on the base plate light sensor; On the inwall of height adjustment mechanism housing, screw thread is arranged; Screw thread is also arranged on the outer wall of light sensor firm banking; Can regulate the distance of light sensor on light hole and the fixed head and the size of hot spot through the rotation height adjustment mechanism; Thereby reach the effect at the maximum visual angle of photosensitive adjusting sensor,, be carved with rule on the light sensor firm banking for ease of measuring;
Light sensor is installed, treat that light sensor is fixing after, rotate the height adjustment mechanism housing, be connected to height adjustment mechanism on the base plate through the threaded hole on the light sensor firm banking then and welded light sensor; Again on base plate with the height adjustment mechanism central horizontal not distant location the light sensor with reference to usefulness is installed; Other electronic components are welded on the circuit board according to circuit diagram successively;
Light sensor is also in order to declare the situation rain or shine of knowing weather; Height adjustment mechanism is main light signal collection parts; Judge that through light sensor in the height adjustment mechanism with reference to the voltage difference of light sensor light drift angle in the height adjustment mechanism judges moving of the sun, reach required precision through its threaded adjusting hot spot;
When sunray is vertical with base plate plane; The light that sees through unthreaded hole only shines the centre light sensor; When having deviation angle; According to the size of deviation angle, the light sensor of corresponding diverse location will obtain the illumination of varying strength on the base plate, and the current delivery that produces different sizes is to single-chip microcomputer;
Because the photocurrent that produces on the light sensor is almost irrelevant with its two ends institute making alive, only depends on intensity of illumination, and photocurrent and intensity of illumination be linear dependence, so the size of photocurrent has just directly been reacted the power of light intensity; Because the photocurrent that light sensor produces is very little; Before comparing, at first the mode through resistance in series converts current signal into voltage signal, and the voltage signal after the current conversion is passed through operational amplifier; Enlarge faint voltage signal, and then carry out the comparison of voltage swing; Voltage signal after the amplification is through analog to digital converter, passes to single-chip microcomputer after converting digital signal to;
Compare behind the voltage signal input single-chip microcomputer after the amplification, through comparing the size of each road voltage, single-chip microcomputer can calculate the incident angle on plane, sunray relative positioning device place this moment; With the magnitude of voltage of each passage and the light angle that calculates, show through 8 sections charactrons, can carry out the adjustment at maximum visual angle and the location of initial point easily like this;
Said device also is equipped with wind sensor and clock chip, and it is the wind-force intensity of perception external environment that wind sensor mainly acts on, in case excessive blowing to the destruction of total system; Can know wind-force size and wind direction through wind sensor; When large wind; Single-chip microcomputer can send signal sets level solar panel; Reduce the destruction of wind, know daytime and each corresponding constantly sun angle through clock chip, thereby can regulate cell panel well cell panel;
The course of work of said device comprises: at first through judging daytime and weather situation rain or shine with reference to light sensor and clock chip; If be judged to be daytime and day fine; Then having light sees through in the convex lens entry altitude governor motion on the height adjustment mechanism; Light sensor in the height adjustment mechanism produces faint photocurrent under the irradiation of sunlight, photocurrent becomes voltage signal after the conversion of oversampling circuit, and the reference photosensitive sensor is exposed in the sunlight; The photocurrent of its generation is after being converted into voltage signal; The voltage signal that produces with each light sensor in the height adjustment mechanism amplifies and comparison, is flowing to single-chip microcomputer through the pressure difference behind the differential operational amplifier through analog-to-digital pressure reduction digital signal, and single-chip microcomputer calculates the sunshine angle information according to differential pressure conditions; Single-chip microcomputer carries out the adjustment of the angular of solar panel according to angle information; If be judged to be daytime, but day cloudy, single-chip microcomputer will take out the sunshine angle of storage according to the time that clock chip provides, and drive motor carries out the solar cell plate height and regulates then; If be judged to be night, then solar panel will be accepted, and the part power supply also will cut off automatically; If run into strong wind, solar panel will be set level according to wind direction, to avoid the destruction of high wind to solar panel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102762181A CN101943917B (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Light ray automatic-tracking device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102762181A CN101943917B (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Light ray automatic-tracking device |
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| CN101943917A CN101943917A (en) | 2011-01-12 |
| CN101943917B true CN101943917B (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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| CN2010102762181A Expired - Fee Related CN101943917B (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2010-09-08 | Light ray automatic-tracking device |
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| CN102339070B (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-05-29 | 优太太阳能科技（上海）有限公司 | Posture adjustment control system for solar photovoltaic module |
| CN102866711B (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2016-01-06 | 青岛莱斯菲尔科工贸有限公司 | Solar tracking device |
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| CN106872029A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-20 | 哈尔滨市三和佳美科技发展有限公司 | light intensity tracing sensor |
| CN105824325A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏同发新能源股份有限公司 | Solar tracking system |
| CN105958933A (en) * | 2016-07-16 | 2016-09-21 | 成都聚合追阳科技有限公司 | Simple focal spot regulator for concentration photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN106100567A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-11-09 | 成都聚合追阳科技有限公司 | A kind of condensation photovoltaic focal spot simple adjusting apparatus control method |
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