CN102748410B - Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss - Google Patents
Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss Download PDFInfo
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- CN102748410B CN102748410B CN201210168151.9A CN201210168151A CN102748410B CN 102748410 B CN102748410 B CN 102748410B CN 201210168151 A CN201210168151 A CN 201210168151A CN 102748410 B CN102748410 B CN 102748410B
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Abstract
The invention provides a plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss. The device comprises a casing and a turbulent flow assembly installed on the casing. The turbulent flow assembly comprises a turbulent flow disc, a spring seat and a guide rod. The turbulent flow disc and a spring seat are fixed on the guide rod. The casing comprises an upper end and a lower end. A turbulent flow disc seat is fixed at the upper end of the casing, and a guide pipe is fixed at the lower end of the casing. The turbulent flow seat is located between the turbulent disc and a spring seat, and the spring seat is contained in the casing. One end of a compression spring supports the spring seat, and the other end of the compression spring supports the casing end and is sleeved in the periphery of an outer cylinder of the guide pipe stretching into the casing. The device can be added on a hydraulic mechanical driven wheel which is slightly modified, the turbulent flow disc is located at different positions to change fluid circulation state in a hydraulic machine according to the equilibrium principle to reduce idle loss of the hydraulic machinery. The plunger type turbulent flow device is simple in structure, easy to process, assemble and install, low in price, convenient to maintain and capable of being conveniently used on hydraulic machinery in batch.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to hydraulic machine technical field, particularly a kind of for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses.
[background technique]
Hydraulic machine is the machinery taking fluid (liquid or gas) as working medium and energy carrier.Main kinetic energy (the v that relies on working liquid body
2/ 2g) variation transmit or the liquid cell of transformation energy is called hydrodynamic unit.Comprise the energy conversion device taking liquid as working medium such as fluid coupling, fluid torque converter, hydrodynamic retarder.This sentences hydrodynamic retarder is example explanation, and active chamber is made up of blade-carrying rotor and same blade-carrying stator.Braking action realizes by injection and emptying working medium in active chamber, and the interaction force of rotor blade and medium is inertial force.This masterpiece is used on the blade of rotation, thereby has produced merit (plus or minus, the direction of eyesight and blade movement and determine), and this merit is the transformation of energy amount between medium and machine.
At the beginning of hydraudynamic drive starts from last century for modern machine, the earliest for shipping industry, as the driving mechanism between Ship Power Equipment and propeller cavitation.The now hydraulic machine traffic and transport field that is widely used, because the working medium of hydraudynamic drive is liquid, therefore can absorb and reduce vibration and the impact from motor and external load.The filtering performance of hydraudynamic drive that Here it is and overload protection function, thereby the working life that can improve vehicle.
What the design of hydraulic machine was mainly pursued is to make after its filled liquid, and its working efficiency, performance are the highest.But be similar to the such hydraulic machine of hydrodynamic retarder, only in the time of work, just in active chamber, fill liquid, but its driving wheel rotate always along with travelling of vehicle; This structure has just produced a new problem, in the time that hydrodynamic retarder or Coupler are not worked, in active chamber, has become air by liquid, has become agitation air loss by stirring fluid power consumption, and this loss is called no-load losses (also crying windage loss).No-load losses is still very large with respect to other mechanical loss proportion, moreover the hydrodynamic retarder overwhelming majority time is idle, if this problem does not solve, for a vehicle, hydrodynamic retarder plays the effect that increases loss, lowers efficiency in the overwhelming majority time, the fund that uses a hydrodynamic retarder to spend is in this respect also many.At present, three of automotive field large themes are safety, energy-saving and environmental protection.Although use hydrodynamic retarder to improve Security, can not consider power saving, study also and be necessary for the architecture advances aspect of no-load losses thus.
Existing a lot of for solving the method for hydraulic machine no-load losses, the first is installed the mode of air register in active chamber, and in the time of rotor agitation air, air register has destroyed the runner of air, has reduced the flow of air, has reduced no-load losses.Air register can laterally or longitudinally be arranged between active wheel, and the control actuator that needs to aim at its setting controls the motion of air register more.Be exactly to take engaging and disengaging gear or separating mechanism in the time that hydraulic machine is not worked, the driving wheel that makes hydraulic machine to be stopped operating in addition, so can agitation air, when this structure is used for power output in parallel.
Above-mentioned two kinds of modes all need independent mechanism and carry out pilot line and realize and reduce the object of no-load losses, the major defect of hydraulic machine be each parts seal request high, coordinate that precision prescribed is high, manufacturing technology level is had relatively high expectations, safeguard and need high technology level.To increase undoubtedly the complexity of hydraulic machine if the too much complicated mechanism of design reduces no-load losses, be not easy to the internal placement of hydraulic machine, and also will inevitably carry out slot milling as cost taking sacrifice hydraulic machine performance these independent agencies are installed.The machining accuracy of having to improve each component in order to increase the reliability of hydraulic machine can run well to ensure complicated hydraulic machine, make the processing request of component high, cost increases, this is unfavorable for that hydraulic machine is in such the needing cheapness, be easy to processing, keep in repair and easy mechanically use in enormous quantities of vehicle.
[summary of the invention]
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, to reduce the no-load losses of hydraulic machine.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technological scheme:
For reducing a plunger type disturbing flow device for no-load losses, comprise housing and be installed on the flow-disturbing assembly on housing; Flow-disturbing assembly comprises flow-disturbing dish, spring seat and guide rod; Flow-disturbing dish and spring seat are fixed on guide rod; Described housing comprises top and bottom, and the upper end of housing is fixed with flow-disturbing dish seat, and the lower end of housing is fixed with conduit; Described flow-disturbing dish seat is positioned between flow-disturbing dish and spring seat, and described spring seat is contained in housing; Compress Spring one end is supported on spring seat, and the other end is supported in shell ends and is sheathed on conduit and stretches into the outer cylinder periphery in housing.
The present invention further improves and is: flow-disturbing dish is in the form of annular discs, and this flow-disturbing dish has a conical surface towards the one side of flow-disturbing dish seat; Flow-disturbing dish seat has an inner fovea part towards the one side of flow-disturbing dish, and this inner fovea part has the upper conical surface that can match with the conical surface of flow-disturbing dish.
The present invention further improves and is: flow-disturbing dish seat and conduit are provided with the pilot hole sliding for guide rod.
The present invention further improves and is: housing top is provided with outside thread, the flange step surface of outside thread bottom limited location; Lower housing portion is provided with outer-hexagonal.
The present invention further improves and is: flow-disturbing dish and spring seat are fixed on guide rod by soldering or riveted joint.
The present invention further improves and is: conduit and flow-disturbing dish seat are fixed on housing by soldering or electron beam welding.
The present invention further improves and is: this plunger type disturbing flow device that is used for reducing no-load losses is installed on hydraulic machine, and this hydraulic machine comprises stator, and stator is provided with some blades; This plunger type disturbing flow device that is used for reducing no-load losses after stator, two adjacent interlobate tapped holes are screwed into and are installed on hydraulic machine.
The present invention further improves and is: the pre compressed magnitude of Compress Spring and the product of Young's modulus are that the pre-compression force of Compress Spring is greater than gas under hydraulic machine maximum idling speed and acts on the impact force on flow-disturbing dish prevent surface.
The present invention further improves and is: maximum force when Compress Spring is compressed to range is less than the liquid flow impact power of liquid in the time of normal work in hydraulic machine.
The present invention further improves and is: described hydraulic machine is fluid coupling, fluid torque converter or hydrodynamic retarder.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention is a kind of for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, can after slightly changing, hydraulic machine follower can add thereon, according to force balance principle make flow-disturbing dish in diverse location to change hydraulic machine inner fluid recurrent state, to reduce hydraulic machine no-load losses; Apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, and be easy to processing, assembling, install, low price, easy to maintenance, can conveniently on large batch of hydraulic machine, use.
[brief description of the drawings]
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of plunger type disturbing flow device of the present invention; It represents that with the synoptic diagram of simplifying the hydraulic machine forming according to the present invention reduces the entirety of the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, and this hydraulic machine is especially the form of hydrodynamic retarder;
Fig. 2 is the housing schematic diagram of plunger type disturbing flow device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the reduced graph of the active force of illustration on guidance set.
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention is directed to the problem that prior art exists, designed a simple, independent, can after hydraulic machine follower is slightly changed, can add thereon according to force balance principle make flow-disturbing dish in diverse location with change hydraulic machine inner fluid recurrent state minimizing no-load losses for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses.
Hydraulic machine---the present invention illustrates as an example of hydrodynamic retarder example: hydrodynamic retarder generally comprises at least one rotor that does driving wheel and position is fixed on the stator on housing, and the active chamber of hydraulic machine is made up of them exactly.At least comprise the container of a storage working medium, to working medium and the space of setting up working medium pressure are provided in the time that hydraulic machine is worked.Working medium at least comprises a pipeline that connects active chamber and working medium container, so that can flow smoothly between working medium container and active chamber.In this pipeline, be provided with and make the directional control valve of working medium directional flow and in order to change the throttling arrangement of hydrodynamic retarder internal characteristic.In this hydraulic pipe line, be provided with the radiator that utilizes braking heat that different cooling mediums bring working medium to take away.
What the present invention paid close attention to is how hydraulic machine reduces the mobile no-load losses causing due to air idle time, how to produce so no-load losses is first discussed.
The hydraulic losses of hydraulic machine refers in active wheel operation process due to mutual impact, fricative energy loss between fluid and impact, friction or the fluid of active wheel wall or blade.Comprise blade shape loss; The frictional loss of liquid stream; The diffusion of liquid stream and shrinkage loss; Liquid flows back to and turns this four aspect of loss.It is formed with a necessary condition is exactly that fluid forms complete circulating in active chamber inside, and the kinetic transformation that so just can make fluid is heat energy loss.
So it is exactly in the time that hydraulic machine is idle, its inner loop runner to be blocked that the present invention reduces the method for no-load losses, makes gas can not form complete circular flow; When the normal work of hydraulic machine, circulatory flow can recover again the appearance of original design, and fluid power function is normally worked.
As shown in Figure 1, for the present invention for the plunger type disturbing flow device that reduces no-load losses the state in the time that hydrodynamic retarder dally, it comprises housing 7 and is installed on the flow-disturbing assembly on housing 7.
Housing 7 can external thread form be installed on hydrodynamic retarder stator, its can from after stator, two adjacent interlobate tapped holes are screwed into.
Flow-disturbing assembly comprises flow-disturbing dish 1, spring seat 3 and guide rod 4.Consider structure and add cost flow-disturbing dish 1 preferred fabrication to become disc-shape; Spring seat 3 can be fixed Compress Spring 5 and make spring-force driven dual to this flow-disturbing assembly; 4 of guide rods connect and leading role; Relatively waste material if consider this assembly entirety processing, and guide rod 4 surface requirements are smooth, cylindricity requires also higher, if machining or common Type of Welding all can produce very large distortion, so flow-disturbing dish 1 and spring seat 3 can be fixed on guide rod 4 by the form of soldering or riveted joint, also can use additive method to fix, but should, not affect guide rod 4 cylindricities as prerequisite, if guide rod 4 bending after welding is heated cannot be moved smoothly, should give rectification.The length of guide rod 4 is determined according to stator and blade cavity space, and its basic demand meets guide rod external part in the time that retarder dallies and can arrive the plane that the stator of hydrodynamic retarder is relative with rotor and can not interfere the normal operation of rotor.What act on mutually with fluid impact power is the spring force that Compress Spring 5 provides, its lower end is supported on the round platform in housing 7, this end is fixed end, and the other end is supported on the spring seat 3 that is fixed on guide rod 4, can exert pressure to along with the longitudinal movement of guide rod 4 Compress Spring 5; Fluid impact power can be compressed Compress Spring 5, and the position of flow-disturbing dish 1 is changed, and so just can play the effect that changes Fluid Circulation.Flow-disturbing dish seat 2 plays the effect of moving at the upper/lower terminal support guide bar 4 of housing 7 with conduit 6.Flow-disturbing dish seat 2 welds together by form and the housing 7 of electron beam welding, the upper conical surface of its inner fovea part and the cone match of flow-disturbing dish 1, in the time of hydraulic shock, flow-disturbing dish 1 can be pressed into this inner fovea part, and then the outer end projection (flow-disturbing dish 1) that makes disturbing flow device is basic equal with stator runner inner wall, minimizing is owing to installing hydrodynamic retarder performance change that disturbing flow device causes and the variation of hydraulic losses additional.The conduit 6 of housing 7 lower ends is to be also connected with the form of soldering and housing 7, and wherein intracardiac unthreaded hole leads requiredly for guide rod 4, and outer cylinder can be Compress Spring 5 and provides support, leads.
Most critical in the present invention be Young's modulus m, the pre compressed magnitude x that how to design Compress Spring 5
0with spring range x
max.Now be installed on hydrodynamic retarder as example explanation taking the present invention: in the time that hydrodynamic retarder is idle in active chamber as air, at this moment require flow-disturbing dish 1 to form circulatory flow in outermost end with block fluid, this just requires the pre compressed magnitude x of Compress Spring 5
0be greater than gas under the maximum idling speed of hydrodynamic retarder with the product of the Young's modulus m both pre-compression force of spring and act on the impact force on flow-disturbing dish 1 prevent surface.In the time that hydrodynamic retarder is worked, fill fluid in active chamber, the fluid impact power at this moment acting on flow-disturbing dish 1 is exactly the impact force of fluid, due to large many of the density ratio air of liquid, so equal volume is with the fluid impact power difference of uniform flow.In order to make disturbing flow device of the present invention not disturb the normal work of hydrodynamic retarder, at this moment flow-disturbing dish 1 should be positioned at flow-disturbing dish seat 2, that is to say that Compress Spring 5 is compressed to range x
maxtime maximum force be less than the liquid flow impact power of liquid in the time of normal work.Because the impact force of fluid is to increase along with the rotating speed of rotor raises, need to be by spring-compressed to maximum problem in the time of the how high rotating speed of hydraulic machine so just relate to here, the present invention finds that according to the conclusion of actual measurement active wheel rotating speed braking action when lower than 500 revs/min of hydrodynamic retarder is less, and liquid cannot form complete liquid stream in active chamber; Active wheel rotating speed during higher than 800 revs/min braking force start obvious increase, so the spring force when getting the active chamber cylindrical place liquid flow impact masterpiece of hydrodynamic retarder rotor in the time of 800 revs/min and being Compress Spring maximum displacement.Simultaneously according to shape between the stator vane of hydrodynamic retarder and the shape of spatial placement flow-disturbing dish and the length of guide rod, flow-disturbing dish 1 is designed to the disc with the conical surface by consideration the present invention for cost and simplification, the cone match of the conical surface of prevent surface and flow-disturbing dish seat 2 is with the extreme lower position of restriction flow-disturbing dish 1 dorsad, and equal with circulation wall in stator can ensure to be compressed to limit position time, to reduce the liquid rheology causing owing to installing this device additional.
Fig. 2 illustrates the dimension sketch of the housing 7 of disturbing flow device.The present invention attempts to reduce the no-load losses of hydrodynamic retarder in the situation that not carrying out great change, the measure of taking adds disturbing flow device exactly between hydrodynamic retarder stator outer, two blades, structural type is the simplest form after consideration cost, processing and assembling as shown in Figure 2, housing 7 tops are the outside thread 71 matching with stator, and height of thread is determined by stator wall thickness and layout.Position-limiting action flange step surface 72 has been arranged at the screw thread bottom on housing 7.Housing 7 bottoms are in order to assemble the form of specially making outer-hexagonal 73 with convenient disassembly, so that spanner and the sleeve of the standard of use.
Fig. 3 is depicted as the stressed schematic diagram of flow-disturbing assembly, and fluid impact masterpiece is used in the outside prevent surface of flow-disturbing dish 1, and the spring-force driven dual of Compress Spring 5 is on spring seat 3, and in the time of equilibrium of forces, the position of flow-disturbing dish 1 is certain.The present invention only provides elastic force with a fixing Compress Spring 5 of Young's modulus, also can act in order on spring seat 3 with the spring that becomes Young's modulus or many different lengths according to the theory of above-mentioned explanation, even if can play like this in the process of hydrodynamic retarder work that flow-disturbing pin also rises must barrier effect, do be like this because hydrodynamic retarder driving wheel turn up during less than certain value hydraulic machine inside do not become the complete circular flow along active wheel inwall, the barrier effect of disturbing flow device both can play the effect that reduces circulate circle.Change the braking torque release conditions of hydrodynamic retarder with this, can be in the requirement of carrying out realizing in less change situation the multistage braking moment of hydrodynamic retarder.
Claims (9)
1. for reducing a plunger type disturbing flow device for no-load losses, it is characterized in that, comprise housing (7) and be installed on the flow-disturbing assembly on housing (7); Flow-disturbing assembly comprises flow-disturbing dish (1), spring seat (3) and guide rod (4); Flow-disturbing dish (1) and spring seat (3) are fixed on guide rod (4); Described housing (7) comprises top and bottom, and the upper end of housing (7) is fixed with flow-disturbing dish seat (2), and the lower end of housing (7) is fixed with conduit (6); Described flow-disturbing dish seat (2) is positioned between flow-disturbing dish (1) and spring seat (3), and described spring seat (3) is contained in housing (7); It is upper that Compress Spring (5) one end is supported in spring seat (3), and the other end is supported in housing (7) and holds and be sheathed on conduit (6) and stretch into the outer cylinder periphery in housing;
Flow-disturbing dish (1) is in the form of annular discs, and this flow-disturbing dish (1) has a conical surface towards the one side of flow-disturbing dish seat (2); Flow-disturbing dish seat (2) has an inner fovea part towards the one side of flow-disturbing dish (1), and this inner fovea part has the upper conical surface that can match with the conical surface of flow-disturbing dish (1).
2. according to claim 1 a kind ofly it is characterized in that for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, flow-disturbing dish seat (2) and conduit (6) are provided with the pilot hole sliding for guide rod (4).
3. according to claim 1 a kind of for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, it is characterized in that, housing (7) top is provided with outside thread (71), the flange step surface (72) of outside thread (71) bottom limited location; Housing (7) bottom is provided with outer-hexagonal (73).
4. according to claim 1 a kind ofly it is characterized in that for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, flow-disturbing dish (1) and spring seat (3) are fixed on guide rod (4) by soldering or riveted joint.
5. according to claim 1 a kind ofly it is characterized in that for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, conduit (6) and flow-disturbing dish seat (2) are fixed on housing (7) by soldering or electron beam welding.
6. a kind of for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses according to described in any one in claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, this plunger type disturbing flow device that is used for reducing no-load losses is installed on hydraulic machine, and this hydraulic machine comprises stator, and stator is provided with some blades; This plunger type disturbing flow device that is used for reducing no-load losses after stator, two adjacent interlobate tapped holes are screwed into and are installed on hydraulic machine.
7. according to claim 6 a kind of for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, it is characterized in that, the pre compressed magnitude of Compress Spring (5) and the product of Young's modulus are that the pre-compression force of Compress Spring (5) is greater than gas under the maximum idling speed of hydraulic machine and acts on the impact force on flow-disturbing dish (1) prevent surface.
8. according to claim 6 a kind of for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, it is characterized in that, maximum force when Compress Spring (5) is compressed to range is less than the liquid flow impact power of liquid in the time of normal work in hydraulic machine.
9. according to claim 6 a kind ofly it is characterized in that for reducing the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, described hydraulic machine is fluid coupling, fluid torque converter or hydrodynamic retarder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210168151.9A CN102748410B (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210168151.9A CN102748410B (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss |
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| CN102748410A CN102748410A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| CN102748410B true CN102748410B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| CN201210168151.9A Active CN102748410B (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss |
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| CN104595386B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2015-09-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Hydrodynamic retarder is with subtracting sky damage device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2509005A1 (en) * | 1975-03-01 | 1976-09-09 | Daimler Benz Ag | Hydro dynamic brakes for motor vehicles - has plugs or vanes to impede flow operated by piston and cylinder connected to reservoir |
| WO1989005410A1 (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1989-06-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Daikin Seisakusho | Fluid retarder |
| RU2087770C1 (en) * | 1994-09-13 | 1997-08-20 | Акционерное общество "Специальное машиностроение" | Hydraulic brake |
| CN102168728A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-08-31 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Barrier blade device for hydraulic speed reducer |
| CN202690823U (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-01-23 | 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 | Plunger type turbulent flow device for reducing idle loss |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10219753B4 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2006-12-21 | Voith Turbo Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hydrodynamic brake |
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2012
- 2012-05-28 CN CN201210168151.9A patent/CN102748410B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2509005A1 (en) * | 1975-03-01 | 1976-09-09 | Daimler Benz Ag | Hydro dynamic brakes for motor vehicles - has plugs or vanes to impede flow operated by piston and cylinder connected to reservoir |
| WO1989005410A1 (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1989-06-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Daikin Seisakusho | Fluid retarder |
| RU2087770C1 (en) * | 1994-09-13 | 1997-08-20 | Акционерное общество "Специальное машиностроение" | Hydraulic brake |
| CN102168728A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-08-31 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Barrier blade device for hydraulic speed reducer |
| CN202690823U (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-01-23 | 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 | Plunger type turbulent flow device for reducing idle loss |
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| CN102748410A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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