CN102748410A - Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss - Google Patents
Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss Download PDFInfo
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- CN102748410A CN102748410A CN2012101681519A CN201210168151A CN102748410A CN 102748410 A CN102748410 A CN 102748410A CN 2012101681519 A CN2012101681519 A CN 2012101681519A CN 201210168151 A CN201210168151 A CN 201210168151A CN 102748410 A CN102748410 A CN 102748410A
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Abstract
The invention provides a plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss. The device comprises a casing and a turbulent flow assembly installed on the casing. The turbulent flow assembly comprises a turbulent flow disc, a spring seat and a guide rod. The turbulent flow disc and a spring seat are fixed on the guide rod. The casing comprises an upper end and a lower end. A turbulent flow disc seat is fixed at the upper end of the casing, and a guide pipe is fixed at the lower end of the casing. The turbulent flow seat is located between the turbulent disc and a spring seat, and the spring seat is contained in the casing. One end of a compression spring supports the spring seat, and the other end of the compression spring supports the casing end and is sleeved in the periphery of an outer cylinder of the guide pipe stretching into the casing. The device can be added on a hydraulic mechanical driven wheel which is slightly modified, the turbulent flow disc is located at different positions to change fluid circulation state in a hydraulic machine according to the equilibrium principle to reduce idle loss of the hydraulic machinery. The plunger type turbulent flow device is simple in structure, easy to process, assemble and install, low in price, convenient to maintain and capable of being conveniently used on hydraulic machinery in batch.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the hydraulic machine technical field, particularly a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses.
[background technique]
Hydraulic machine is to be the machinery of working medium and energy carrier with fluid (liquid or gas).Main kinetic energy (the v that relies on working liquid body
2/ 2g) variation is transmitted or the liquid cell of transformation energy is called hydrodynamic unit.Comprise that fluid coupling, fluid torque converter, hydrodynamic retarder etc. are the energy conversion device of working medium with liquid.This sentences hydrodynamic retarder is the example explanation, and active chamber is made up of blade-carrying rotor and same blade-carrying stator.Braking action realizes that through injection and emptying working medium in active chamber the interaction force of rotor blade and medium is an inertial force.This masterpiece is used on the rotating blades, thereby has produced merit (plus or minus, the direction of eyesight and blade movement and decide), and this merit is the transformation of energy amount between medium and the machine.
Hydraudynamic drive is used for modernized machine and starts from the beginning of last century, is used for shipping industry the earliest, as the driving mechanism between Ship Power Equipment and the propeller cavitation.The present hydraulic machine traffic and transport field that is widely used is because the working medium of hydraudynamic drive is a liquid, so can absorb and reduce vibration and the impact from motor and external load.The filtering performance of hydraudynamic drive that Here it is and overload protection function, thereby the working life that can improve vehicle.
What the design of hydraulic machine was mainly pursued is after making its filled liquid, and its working efficiency, performance are the highest.But be similar to the such hydraulic machine of hydrodynamic retarder, only when work, just in active chamber, fill liquid, but its driving wheel rotate along with going of vehicle always; This structure has just produced a new problem, when hydrodynamic retarder or Coupler are not worked, has become air by liquid in the active chamber, has become the agitation air loss by stirring the fluid power consumption, and this loss is called no-load losses (also crying windage loss).No-load losses is still very big with respect to other mechanical loss proportion; Moreover the hydrodynamic retarder overwhelming majority time is idle; If this problem does not solve; For a vehicle, hydrodynamic retarder plays the effect that increases loss, lowers efficiency in the overwhelming majority time, and it also is many using the fund that hydrodynamic retarder is spent in this respect.At present, three of automotive field big themes are safety, energy-saving and environmental protection.Though use hydrodynamic retarder to improve Security, can not consider power saving, study also for the architecture advances aspect of no-load losses thus and be necessary.
The existing method that is used to solve the no-load losses of fluid power machine is a lot, and the first is installed the mode of air register in active chamber, and when the rotor agitation air, air register has destroyed the runner of air, has reduced the flow of air, has reduced no-load losses.Air register can be laterally or vertically is arranged between the active wheel, how need aim at the motion that the control executing mechanism of its setting is come the control air baffle plate.Be exactly to take engaging and disengaging gear or separating mechanism when the fluid power machine is not worked, the driving wheel of fluid power machine will be stopped operating in addition, so can agitation air, when this structure is used for power parallel connection output more.
Above-mentioned dual mode all needs independent mechanism and carries out the purpose that pilot line realizes reducing no-load losses, the major defect of hydraulic machine be each parts seal request high, cooperate that precision prescribed is high, manufacturing technology level is had relatively high expectations, safeguard and need the high technology level.If the too much complicated mechanism of design reduces the complexity that no-load losses will increase hydraulic machine undoubtedly, be not easy to the internal placement of hydraulic machine, will inevitably be that cost comes slot milling that these independent agencies are installed also to sacrifice fluid power machine performance.The machining accuracy of having to improve each component for the reliability that increases the fluid power machine can run well to guarantee complicated hydraulic machine; Make the processing request of component high, cost increases, this is unfavorable for that hydraulic machine is in such the needing cheapness, be easy to process, keep in repair easy mechanically using in enormous quantities of vehicle.
[summary of the invention]
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses, to reduce the no-load losses of hydraulic machine.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technological scheme:
A kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses comprises housing and is installed on the flow-disturbing assembly on the housing; The flow-disturbing assembly comprises flow-disturbing dish, spring seat and guide rod; Flow-disturbing dish and spring seat are fixed on the guide rod; Said housing comprises top and bottom, and the upper end of housing is fixed with flow-disturbing dish seat, and the lower end of housing is fixed with conduit; Said flow-disturbing dish seat is positioned between flow-disturbing dish and the spring seat, and said spring seat is contained in the housing; Pressure spring one end is supported on the spring seat, and the other end is supported in shell ends and is sheathed on conduit and stretches into the outer cylinder periphery in the housing.
The present invention further improves and is: the flow-disturbing dish is in the form of annular discs, and this flow-disturbing dish has a conical surface towards the one side of flow-disturbing dish seat; Flow-disturbing dish seat has an inner fovea part towards the one side of flow-disturbing dish, and this inner fovea part has the last conical surface that can match with the conical surface of flow-disturbing dish.
The present invention further improves and is: flow-disturbing dish seat and conduit are provided with the pilot hole that supplies guide rod to slide.
The present invention further improves and is: housing top is provided with outside thread, and spacing flange step surface is arranged at the outside thread bottom; Lower housing portion is provided with outer-hexagonal.
The present invention further improves and is: flow-disturbing dish and spring seat through soldering or riveted fixing on guide rod.
The present invention further improves and is: conduit and flow-disturbing dish seat are fixed on the housing through soldering or electron beam welding.
The present invention further improves and is: this plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses is installed on hydraulic machine, and this hydraulic machine comprises stator, and stator is provided with some blades; This plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses is screwed into from the tapped hole between stator back, two adjacent blades and is installed on hydraulic machine.
The present invention further improves and is: the pre compressed magnitude of pressure spring and the product of the Young's modulus both pre-compression force of pressure spring act on the impact force on the flow-disturbing dish prevent surface greater than gas under the hydraulic machine maximum empty rotary speed.
The present invention further improves and is: the maximum force when pressure spring is compressed to range is less than the liquid flow impact power of liquid in the hydraulic machine when the proper functioning.
The present invention further improves and is: said hydraulic machine is fluid coupling, fluid torque converter or hydrodynamic retarder.
With respect to existing technology; The present invention has the following advantages: a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses of the present invention; Can, the hydraulic machine follower can add on it after doing to change slightly; Make the flow-disturbing dish be in diverse location according to force balance principle to change fluid power machine inner fluid recurrent state, to reduce the hydraulic machine no-load losses; Apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, and be easy to processing, assembling, install, low price, easy to maintenance, can conveniently on large batch of hydraulic machine, use.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of plunger type disturbing flow device of the present invention; It representes that with the synoptic diagram of simplifying the fluid power machine that constitutes according to the present invention reduces the integral body of the plunger type disturbing flow device of no-load losses, and this fluid power machine especially is the form of hydrodynamic retarder;
Fig. 2 is the housing schematic representation of plunger type disturbing flow device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the reduced graph of the active force of illustration on guidance set.
[embodiment]
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to describe in further detail.
The present invention is directed to the problem that existing technology exists, designed a simple, independent, can after the hydraulic machine follower is changed slightly, can add on it make the flow-disturbing dish be in the plunger type disturbing flow device that be used to reduce no-load losses of diverse location according to force balance principle with the minimizing no-load losses that changes fluid power machine inner fluid recurrent state.
Fluid power machine---the present invention is the example explanation with the hydrodynamic retarder: hydrodynamic retarder generally comprises at least one rotor of doing driving wheel and the stator of fixed-site on housing, and the active chamber of fluid power machine is exactly to be made up of them.At least the container that comprises a store operational medium is so that provide working medium and the space of setting up working medium pressure when the fluid power machine is worked.At least comprise a pipeline that connects active chamber and working medium container, so that working medium can flow smoothly between working medium container and active chamber.Be provided with the directional control valve that makes the working medium directional flow in this pipeline and in order to change the throttling arrangement of hydrodynamic retarder internal characteristic.In this hydraulic pipe line, be provided with the radiator that utilizes different cooling mediums that the braking heat that working medium brought is taken away.
The present invention pays close attention to is how the fluid power machine reduces because how the mobile no-load losses that causes of air produces so no-load losses is discussed earlier idle the time.
The hydraulic losses of fluid power machine is meant in the active wheel operation process because mutual impact, fricative energy loss between impact, friction or the fluid of fluid and active wheel wall or blade.Comprise the blade shape loss; The flow frictional loss; Flow diffusion and shrinkage loss; This four aspect of flow revolution loss.It is formed with a necessary condition is exactly that fluid forms complete circulating in active chamber inside, could make that like this kinetic energy of fluid is converted into heat energy loss.
So it is exactly when hydraulic machine is idle, its inner loop runner to be blocked that the present invention reduces the method for no-load losses, makes gas can not form complete circular flow; Circulatory flow can recover the appearance of original design again in the time of the hydraulic machine proper functioning, makes fluid power function proper functioning.
As shown in Figure 1, the state when the plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses for the present invention is in hydrodynamic retarder idle running, it comprises housing 7 and is installed on the flow-disturbing assembly on the housing 7.
The flow-disturbing assembly comprises flow-disturbing dish 1, spring seat 3 and guide rod 4.Consider structure and add cost flow-disturbing dish 1 preferred fabrication to become disc-shape; Spring seat 3 is pressure spring 5 and spring force is affacted on this flow-disturbing assembly fixedly; 4 of guide rods connect and leading role; If consider relatively waste material of the whole processing of this assembly; And guide rod 4 surface requirements are smooth, and cylindricity requires also higher, if machining or common Type of Welding all can produce very big distortion; So can be on guide rod 4 with flow-disturbing dish 1 and spring seat 3 form fix through soldering or riveted joint; Guide rod 4 also can use additive method to fix, but should be prerequisite, if can't move smoothly then should give rectification in the welding rear curved of being heated not influence guide rod 4 cylindricities.The length of guide rod 4 is decided according to stator and blade cavity space, and its basic demand is satisfied when retarder dallies guide rod external part and can be arrived the stator of the hydrodynamic retarder plane relative with rotor and can not interfere the normal operation of rotor.What act on mutually with fluid impact power is the spring force that pressure spring 5 is provided; Its lower end is supported on the round platform in the housing 7; This end is a fixed end, and the other end is supported on the spring seat 3 that is fixed in guide rod 4, can exert pressure for along with the longitudinal movement of guide rod 4 pressure spring 5; Fluid impact power can be compressed pressure spring 5, makes the position change of flow-disturbing dish 1 so just can play the effect that changes circulation of fluid.Flow-disturbing dish seat 2 plays the effect in upper/lower terminal support guide bar 4 motions of housing 7 with conduit 6.Flow-disturbing dish seat 2 welds together through the form and the housing 7 of electron beam welding; The last conical surface of its inner fovea part and the cone match of flow-disturbing dish 1; In the time of hydraulic shock, can flow-disturbing dish 1 be pressed into this inner fovea part; And then make that the outer end projection (flow-disturbing dish 1) of disturbing flow device is basic equal with the stator runner inner wall, reduce owing to installing the hydrodynamic retarder performance change that disturbing flow device causes and the change of hydraulic losses additional.The conduit 6 of housing 7 lower ends also is to be connected with the form of soldering and housing 7, and wherein intracardiac unthreaded hole supplies guide rod 4 guiding required, and outer cylinder can be pressure spring 5 and provides support, leads.
Most critical among the present invention be Young's modulus m, the pre compressed magnitude x that how to design pressure spring 5
0With spring range x
MaxExisting being installed on the hydrodynamic retarder with the present invention is the example explanation: when hydrodynamic retarder is idle, be air in the active chamber, at this moment require flow-disturbing dish 1 to be in outermost end and form circulatory flow with block fluid that this just requires the pre compressed magnitude x of pressure spring 5
0Act on the impact force on flow-disturbing dish 1 prevent surface with the product of the Young's modulus m both pre-compression force of spring greater than gas under the hydrodynamic retarder maximum empty rotary speed.When hydrodynamic retarder is worked, fill fluid in the active chamber, the fluid impact power that at this moment acts on the flow-disturbing dish 1 is exactly the impact force of fluid, because density of liquid is than big many of air, so equal volume is different with the fluid impact power of uniform flow.In order to make disturbing flow device of the present invention not disturb the proper functioning of hydrodynamic retarder, at this moment flow-disturbing dish 1 should be positioned at flow-disturbing dish seat 2, that is to say that pressure spring 5 is compressed to range x
MaxThe time maximum force be less than the liquid flow impact power of liquid when proper functioning.Owing to the impact force of fluid is that rotating speed along with rotor raises and increases; So here need be when the how high rotating speed of fluid power machine with length of spring compressed to maximum problem with regard to relating to; The present invention finds that according to the conclusion of actual measurement active wheel rotating speed braking action when being lower than 500 rev/mins of hydrodynamic retarder is less, and liquid can't form complete flow in active chamber; Braking force begins obvious increase when the active wheel rotating speed is higher than 800 rev/mins, so the spring force when getting the active chamber cylindrical place liquid flow impact masterpiece of hydrodynamic retarder rotor in the time of 800 rev/mins and being the pressure spring maximum displacement.Simultaneously the shape of flow-disturbing dish and the length of guide rod are set according to shape and space between the stator vane of hydrodynamic retarder; Consideration the present invention from cost and simplification is designed to the disc with the conical surface with flow-disturbing dish 1; The cone match of the conical surface of prevent surface and flow-disturbing dish seat 2 is with the extreme lower position of restriction flow-disturbing dish 1 dorsad; And can guarantee to be compressed to limit position the time with stator in the circulation wall equal, to reduce owing to install the flow variation that this device causes additional.
Fig. 2 illustrates the dimension sketch of the housing 7 of disturbing flow device.The present invention attempts under the situation of not carrying out great change, to reduce the no-load losses of hydrodynamic retarder; The measure of taking adds the flow-disturbing device exactly between hydrodynamic retarder stator outer, two blades; Structural type as shown in Figure 2 is the simplest form after consideration cost, processing and the assembling; The outside thread 71 of housing 7 tops for matching with stator, height of thread is decided by stator wall thickness and layout.Position-limiting action flange step surface 72 has been arranged at the screw thread bottom on the housing 7.Housing 7 bottoms are in order to assemble the form of specially making outer-hexagonal 73 with convenient disassembly, so that the spanner and the sleeve of the standard of use.
Fig. 3 is depicted as the stressed schematic representation of flow-disturbing assembly, and the fluid impact masterpiece is used in the outside prevent surface of flow-disturbing dish 1, and the spring force of pressure spring 5 acts on the spring seat 3, and the position of flow-disturbing dish 1 is certain when equilibrium of forces.The present invention only provides elastic force with the fixing pressure spring 5 of a Young's modulus; Also can be docile and obedient preface with the spring that becomes Young's modulus or many different lengths according to the theory of above-mentioned explanation acts on the spring seat 3; Even can play like this in the process of hydrodynamic retarder work that the flow-disturbing pin also rises must barrier effect; Do like this be because hydrodynamic retarder driving wheel turn up during less than certain value the inner formation of fluid power machine not along the complete circular flow of active wheel inwall, the barrier effect of disturbing flow device both can play the effect that reduces circulate circle.Change the braking torque release conditions of hydrodynamic retarder with this, can be in the requirement of carrying out realizing under the less change situation multistage braking moment of hydrodynamic retarder.
Claims (10)
1. a plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses is characterized in that, comprises housing (7) and is installed on the flow-disturbing assembly on the housing (7); The flow-disturbing assembly comprises flow-disturbing dish (1), spring seat (3) and guide rod (4); Flow-disturbing dish (1) and spring seat (3) are fixed on the guide rod (4); Said housing (7) comprises top and bottom, and the upper end of housing (7) is fixed with flow-disturbing dish seat (2), and the lower end of housing (7) is fixed with conduit (6); Said flow-disturbing dish seat (2) is positioned between flow-disturbing dish (1) and the spring seat (3), and said spring seat (3) is contained in the housing (7); Pressure spring (5) one ends are supported on the spring seat (3), and the other end is supported in housing (7) and holds and be sheathed on conduit (6) and stretch into the outer cylinder periphery in the housing.
2. a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses according to claim 1 is characterized in that flow-disturbing dish (1) is in the form of annular discs, and this flow-disturbing dish (1) has a conical surface towards the one side of flow-disturbing dish seat (2); Flow-disturbing dish seat (2) has an inner fovea part towards the one side of flow-disturbing dish (1), and this inner fovea part has the last conical surface that can match with the conical surface of flow-disturbing dish (1).
3. a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses according to claim 1 is characterized in that, flow-disturbing dish seat (2) and conduit (6) are provided with the pilot hole that supplies guide rod (4) to slide.
4. a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses according to claim 1 is characterized in that housing (7) top is provided with outside thread (71), and spacing flange step surface (72) is arranged at outside thread (71) bottom; Housing (7) bottom is provided with outer-hexagonal (73).
5. a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses according to claim 1 is characterized in that, flow-disturbing dish (1) and spring seat (3) through soldering or riveted fixing on guide rod (4).
6. a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses according to claim 1 is characterized in that conduit (6) and flow-disturbing dish seat (2) are fixed on the housing (7) through soldering or electron beam welding.
7. according to each described a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses in the claim 1 to 6; It is characterized in that; This plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses is installed on hydraulic machine, and this hydraulic machine comprises stator, and stator is provided with some blades; This plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses is screwed into from the tapped hole between stator back, two adjacent blades and is installed on hydraulic machine.
8. a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses according to claim 7; It is characterized in that the pre compressed magnitude of pressure spring (5) and the product of the Young's modulus both pre-compression force of pressure spring (5) act on the impact force on flow-disturbing dish (1) prevent surface greater than gas under the hydraulic machine maximum empty rotary speed.
9. a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the maximum force of pressure spring (5) when being compressed to range is less than the liquid flow impact power of liquid in the hydraulic machine when the proper functioning.
10. a kind of plunger type disturbing flow device that is used to reduce no-load losses according to claim 7 is characterized in that said hydraulic machine is fluid coupling, fluid torque converter or hydrodynamic retarder.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210168151.9A CN102748410B (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210168151.9A CN102748410B (en) | 2012-05-28 | 2012-05-28 | Plunger type turbulent flow device used for reducing idle loss |
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| CN102748410A true CN102748410A (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| CN102748410B CN102748410B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104595386A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2015-05-06 | 武汉理工大学 | Air loss reduction device for hydraulic retarder |
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| DE2509005A1 (en) * | 1975-03-01 | 1976-09-09 | Daimler Benz Ag | Hydro dynamic brakes for motor vehicles - has plugs or vanes to impede flow operated by piston and cylinder connected to reservoir |
| WO1989005410A1 (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1989-06-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Daikin Seisakusho | Fluid retarder |
| RU2087770C1 (en) * | 1994-09-13 | 1997-08-20 | Акционерное общество "Специальное машиностроение" | Hydraulic brake |
| US20050173212A1 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2005-08-11 | Klaus Vogelsang | Hydrodynamic brake |
| CN102168728A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-08-31 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Barrier blade device for hydraulic speed reducer |
| CN202690823U (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-01-23 | 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 | Plunger type turbulent flow device for reducing idle loss |
-
2012
- 2012-05-28 CN CN201210168151.9A patent/CN102748410B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2509005A1 (en) * | 1975-03-01 | 1976-09-09 | Daimler Benz Ag | Hydro dynamic brakes for motor vehicles - has plugs or vanes to impede flow operated by piston and cylinder connected to reservoir |
| WO1989005410A1 (en) * | 1987-12-03 | 1989-06-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Daikin Seisakusho | Fluid retarder |
| RU2087770C1 (en) * | 1994-09-13 | 1997-08-20 | Акционерное общество "Специальное машиностроение" | Hydraulic brake |
| US20050173212A1 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2005-08-11 | Klaus Vogelsang | Hydrodynamic brake |
| CN102168728A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-08-31 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Barrier blade device for hydraulic speed reducer |
| CN202690823U (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-01-23 | 陕西法士特齿轮有限责任公司 | Plunger type turbulent flow device for reducing idle loss |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104595386A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2015-05-06 | 武汉理工大学 | Air loss reduction device for hydraulic retarder |
| CN104595386B (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2015-09-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Hydrodynamic retarder is with subtracting sky damage device |
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| CN102748410B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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