CN102721515A - Device and method for detecting whole satellite leak rate of satellite - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting whole satellite leak rate of satellite Download PDFInfo
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- CN102721515A CN102721515A CN2012102167861A CN201210216786A CN102721515A CN 102721515 A CN102721515 A CN 102721515A CN 2012102167861 A CN2012102167861 A CN 2012102167861A CN 201210216786 A CN201210216786 A CN 201210216786A CN 102721515 A CN102721515 A CN 102721515A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting a whole satellite leak rate of a satellite. The device comprises a leak-detecting gas collection tank, a calibration device, a gas charging and discharging device, a circulating fan and a helium mass spectrometer leak detector, wherein the satellite is arranged inside the leak-detecting gas collection tank; the leak-detecting gas collection tank is respectively connected with the calibration device and the gas charging and discharging device through manual fine-tuning vacuum valves; the helium mass spectrometer leak detector is connected to the leak-detecting gas collection tank; and the circulating fan is arranged in the leak-detecting gas collection tank. The whole satellite leak rate of the satellite can be acquired through calibration, residual helium clearing, accumulating data acquisition and data processing. By the device and the method, the whole satellite leak rate of the satellite can be obtained, the requirement of satellite in-orbit operation reliability on the whole satellite leak rate is met, and the advantages of improving the reliability of detecting data, shortening the time for detecting the satellite leak rate, reducing test cost and the like are acquired.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing of whole star of satellite and large-scale parts thereof, specifically is whole star leak rate pick-up unit of a kind of satellite and detection method
Background technology
The sealing detection technical relation of spacecraft is to the success or not of spacecraft, and leakage is the formidable enemy of space flight, and small small opening also possibly cause tremendous loss.According to the incomplete statistics of 1957-2005, external spacecraft accounts for more than 10% of total frequency of failure because of leakage causes the number of times of abortive launch.U.S. challenger space shuttle was blasted because of O-ring seal loses efficacy in 1986, caused great political fallout and economic loss.In Dec, 2002, thus European Space Agency causes abortive launch because No. 2 engine fan diffusers of god of fire cooling tube takes place to leak.Just because of spacecraft leaks is the life-and-death significant problem that is related to the spacecraft win or lose; Each space power is all paid much attention to the leak hunting technology of spacecraft; Try hard to through the reliable leak hunting method of sensitivity, leak detection technology leakage hidden danger, to take the leakage failure eliminating measure in advance at components and parts production, unit development, general assembly stage, launching phase, orbital motion stage discovery spacecraft.
At present, the leak hunting method of spacecraft is varied both at home and abroad, and Muscovite airship adopts the vacuum tank method more, and European Space Agency adopts quadrupole mass spectrometer atmosphere accumulation method, and the space shuttle of NASA then generally adopts soap bubble method, flowmeter method.Domestic carrier rocket adopts helium mass spectrum suction gun accumulation leak detecting usually, and satellite generally adopts the antivacuum backing space technique of helium mass spectrum to hunt leak.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency that exists in the prior art, whole star leak rate pick-up unit of a kind of satellite and detection method are provided
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme.
A kind of satellite is put in order star leak rate pick-up unit; Comprise leak detection plenum chamber, caliberating device, aerating and exhaust device, circulating fan and helium mass spectrometer leak detector; It is inner that satellite is installed in the leak detection plenum chamber, and wherein, said leak detection plenum chamber is connected with aerating and exhaust device with caliberating device through the manual fine-tuning vacuum valve respectively; Said helium mass spectrometer leak detector is connected on the leak detection plenum chamber, and said circulating fan is installed in the leak detection plenum chamber.
Said caliberating device comprises helium steel cylinder, volumetric standard and pressure vacuum gage, and said helium steel cylinder is connected with volumetric standard through a manual fine-tuning vacuum valve, and said pressure vacuum gage is connected on the volumetric standard.
A kind of detection method of utilizing the whole star leak rate pick-up unit of satellite may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is demarcated: utilize caliberating device to obtain calibration curve in the leak detection plenum chamber;
Step 2, the removing of demarcating residual helium: purge residual helium in the leak detection plenum chamber;
Step 3, satellite accumulation leak data obtains: with the helium that charges into certain pressure in the satellite, the concentrations of helium in the leak detection plenum chamber is regularly detected through helium mass spectrometer leak detector in the sealing back;
Step 4, data processing: the integral leakage that calculates satellite through least square method.
Said step 1 may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the pressure in the inspection satellite reaches whether be filled with helium:
-pressure is arranged, should pressure be returned to an atmospheric pressure,
-helium is arranged, replace more than or equal to three times with the high pure nitrogen of 0.3MPa;
In second step, check the leak detection plenum chamber and purge satellite, with the not projecting environment of helium background concentration in the suction gun method detection case with high pure nitrogen;
In the 3rd step, insert in the leak detection plenum chamber satellite and sealing leak detection plenum chamber;
The 4th step charged into the helium of fixed amount through caliberating device in the plenum chamber to leak detection one by one, obtained calibration curve.
Said step 2 may further comprise the steps:
The first step, demarcation is opened the leak detection plenum chamber after finishing, and takes out satellite, removes the interior helium of leak detection plenum chamber, the numerical value basically identical before making its background concentration and demarcating;
In second step, blow down the residual helium of inside satellite with high pure nitrogen, the numerical value basically identical before making its background concentration and demarcating.
Said step 3 may further comprise the steps:
The first step according to the regulation of leak detection detailed rules for the implementation, charges into the helium of certain pressure in satellite through aerating and exhaust device;
Second step, satellite is inserted leak detection plenum chamber and sealing once more, regularly accumulate the detection sampling of leak data with the suction gun function of helium mass spectrometer leak detector, said data are the moment T of sampled point
iWith d. c. voltage signal U
i
Said detection standard for manual sampling does, before each leak detection sampling, must be in strict accordance with helium mass spectrometer leak detector request for utilization calibration, and the duty of instrument is consistent when making each the detection; Be not less than 6 hours said detection time at interval, before each sampling, and mass-spectrometer leak detector startup work 1 hour, circulating fan startup work 15 minutes; The moment T of sampled point is write down in each sampling respectively
iWith d. c. voltage signal U
i, sampling number is more than or equal to 5 times.
Said step 4 may further comprise the steps:
The first step is with each the moment point T that obtains
iCorresponding Helium leak detector output valve U
iFind its pairing accumulation leakage rate W from calibration curve
i
Second step, utilize least square fitting to go out W～T curve, and obtain linear growth rate Δ W/ Δ T, the linear fit degree is more than or equal to 0.99, and said Δ W is the test specimen gas leakage total amount in the unit interval, and Δ T is the unit interval;
In the 3rd step, the linear growth rate of obtaining according to formula is the leak rate Q of satellite;
The 4th step, the uncertainty evaluation of leak rate value Q: the maximum leak rate value Q that utilizes corresponding leak rate data point on the linear fit curve
MaxWith minimum leak rate value Q
MinCalculate the uncertainty of leak rate.
Whole star leak rate pick-up unit of satellite provided by the invention and detection method are optimized on the basis of traditional helium mass spectrum suction gun accumulation leak detection process.Through optimal design, the present invention has obtained following beneficial effect:
1, utilizes the quantitative gas caliberating device to replace referance leak, solved the problem that traditional helium mass spectrum atmosphere leak detecting too relies on the leak rate accuracy of referance leak;
2, traditional helium mass spectrum atmosphere leak detecting has been carried out optimizing improvement, shortened the leak detection cycle greatly;
3, take the method for calibration curve, reduced because of the variation of helium mass spectrometer leak detector self job stability influence to whole leak detection result;
4, utilize up-to-date square law that test data is carried out mathematics manipulation, shortened data processing time, improved the precision of data processing, and method is simple;
What the present invention adopted is quantitative gas normal pressure summation curve comparison method, does not have at present to find explanation or the report with similar techniques of the present invention, does not also collect both at home and abroad similarly data as yet.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 detects the caliberating device synoptic diagram for the whole star leak rate of satellite of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the whole star leak rate detection method principle schematic of satellite of the present invention;
21 is caliberating device among the figure, and 22 is satellite, and 23 are the leak detection plenum chamber, and 24 is aerating and exhaust device, and 25 is circulating fan, and 26 is helium mass spectrometer leak detector, and 12 is volumetric standard, and 13 is the manual fine-tuning vacuum valve, and 14 is the helium steel cylinder, and 15 is vacuum pump, and 16 is pressure vacuum gage.
Embodiment
Elaborate in the face of embodiments of the invention down: present embodiment provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment being to implement under the prerequisite with technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2; Present embodiment comprises leak detection plenum chamber 23, caliberating device 21, aerating and exhaust device 24, circulating fan 25 and helium mass spectrometer leak detector 26; Satellite 22 is installed in leak detection plenum chamber 23 inside, and wherein, leak detection plenum chamber 23 is connected with aerating and exhaust device 24 with caliberating device 21 through manual fine-tuning vacuum valve 13 respectively; Helium mass spectrometer leak detector 26 is connected on the leak detection plenum chamber 23, and circulating fan 25 is installed in the leak detection plenum chamber 23.
In the present embodiment, caliberating device 21 comprises helium steel cylinder 14, volumetric standard 12 and pressure vacuum gage 16, and helium steel cylinder 14 is connected with volumetric standard 12 through a manual fine-tuning vacuum valve 13, and pressure vacuum gage 16 is connected on the volumetric standard 12.
The vacuum pump 15 of aerating and exhaust device 24 is connected on another manual fine-tuning vacuum valve 13.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 is the detection method of the whole star leak rate pick-up unit of satellite that utilizes embodiment 1 and provide.
Present embodiment may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is demarcated: utilize caliberating device to obtain calibration curve in the leak detection plenum chamber;
The first step, inspection in the satellite pressure and whether be filled with helium, if any pressure, should pressure be returned to an atmospheric pressure, if any helium, replace with the high pure nitrogen of 0.3MPa and to be no less than three times.
In second step, check the leak detection plenum chamber and purge satellite, with the not projecting environment of helium background concentration in the suction gun method detection case with high pure nitrogen;
In the 3rd step, insert in the leak detection plenum chamber satellite and sealing leak detection plenum chamber;
The 4th step charged into the helium (PV) of fixed amount through caliberating device in the plenum chamber to leak detection one by one, obtained calibration curve.
Step 2, the removing of demarcating residual helium: purge residual helium in the leak detection plenum chamber;
The first step, demarcation is opened the leak detection plenum chamber after finishing, and takes out satellite, removes the interior helium of leak detection plenum chamber, the numerical value basically identical before making its background concentration and demarcating;
In second step, blow down the residual helium of inside satellite with high pure nitrogen, the numerical value basically identical before making its background concentration and demarcating.
Step 3, satellite accumulation leak data obtains: with the helium that charges into certain pressure in the satellite, the concentrations of helium in the leak detection plenum chamber is regularly detected through helium mass spectrometer leak detector in the sealing back;
The first step according to the regulation of leak detection detailed rules for the implementation, charges into the helium of certain pressure in satellite through aerating and exhaust device;
Second step, satellite is inserted leak detection plenum chamber and sealing once more, regularly accumulate the detection sampling of leak data with the suction gun function of helium mass spectrometer leak detector, data are the moment T of sampled point
iWith d. c. voltage signal U
i
The detection standard for manual sampling does, before each leak detection sampling, must be in strict accordance with helium mass spectrometer leak detector request for utilization calibration, and the duty of instrument is consistent when making each the detection; Be not less than 6 hours detection time at interval, before each sampling, and mass-spectrometer leak detector startup work 1 hour, circulating fan startup work 15 minutes; The moment T of sampled point is write down in each sampling respectively
iWith d. c. voltage signal U
i, sampling number generally is no less than 5 times.
Step 4, data processing: the integral leakage that calculates satellite through least square method;
The first step is with each the moment point T that obtains
iCorresponding Helium leak detector output valve U
iFind its pairing accumulation leakage rate W from calibration curve
i
Second step, utilize least square fitting to go out W～T curve, and obtain linear growth rate Δ W/ Δ T, the linear fit degree need be not less than 0.99, and wherein, Δ W is the test specimen gas leakage total amount in the unit interval, and Δ T is the unit interval;
In the 3rd step, the linear growth rate of obtaining according to formula is the leak rate Q of satellite;
In the 4th step, this method detects the uncertainty evaluation of the leak rate value Q that obtains: the maximum leak rate value Q that utilizes corresponding leak rate data point on the linear fit curve
MaxWith minimum leak rate value Q
MinCalculate the uncertainty of leak rate.
Claims (8)
1. a satellite is put in order star leak rate pick-up unit; It is characterized in that comprise leak detection plenum chamber, caliberating device, aerating and exhaust device, circulating fan and helium mass spectrometer leak detector, it is inner that satellite is installed in the leak detection plenum chamber; Wherein, Said leak detection plenum chamber is connected with aerating and exhaust device with caliberating device through the manual fine-tuning vacuum valve respectively, and said helium mass spectrometer leak detector is connected on the leak detection plenum chamber, and it is inner that said circulating fan is installed in the leak detection plenum chamber.
2. the whole star leak rate of satellite according to claim 1 detects caliberating device; It is characterized in that; Said caliberating device comprises helium steel cylinder, volumetric standard and pressure vacuum gage; Said helium steel cylinder is connected with volumetric standard through a manual fine-tuning vacuum valve, and said pressure vacuum gage is connected on the volumetric standard.
3. the detection method of the whole star leak rate pick-up unit of utilization satellite according to claim 1 or claim 2 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is demarcated: utilize caliberating device to obtain calibration curve in the leak detection plenum chamber;
Step 2, the removing of demarcating residual helium: purge residual helium in the leak detection plenum chamber;
Step 3, satellite accumulation leak data obtains: with the helium that charges into certain pressure in the satellite, the concentrations of helium in the leak detection plenum chamber is regularly detected through helium mass spectrometer leak detector in the sealing back;
Step 4, data processing: the integral leakage that calculates satellite through least square method.
4. the detection method of the whole star leak rate pick-up unit of satellite according to claim 3 is characterized in that said step 1 may further comprise the steps:
The first step, the pressure in the inspection satellite reaches whether be filled with helium:
-pressure is arranged, should pressure be returned to an atmospheric pressure,
-helium is arranged, replace more than or equal to three times with the high pure nitrogen of 0.3MPa;
In second step, check the leak detection plenum chamber and purge satellite, with the not projecting environment of helium background concentration in the suction gun method detection case with high pure nitrogen;
In the 3rd step, insert in the leak detection plenum chamber satellite and sealing leak detection plenum chamber;
The 4th step charged into the helium of fixed amount through caliberating device in the plenum chamber to leak detection one by one, obtained calibration curve.
5. the detection method of the whole star leak rate pick-up unit of satellite according to claim 3 is characterized in that said step 2 may further comprise the steps:
The first step, demarcation is opened the leak detection plenum chamber after finishing, and takes out satellite, removes the interior helium of leak detection plenum chamber, the numerical value basically identical before making its background concentration and demarcating;
In second step, blow down the residual helium of inside satellite with high pure nitrogen, the numerical value basically identical before making its background concentration and demarcating.
6. the detection method of the whole star leak rate pick-up unit of satellite according to claim 3 is characterized in that said step 3 may further comprise the steps:
The first step according to the regulation of leak detection detailed rules for the implementation, charges into the helium of certain pressure in satellite through aerating and exhaust device;
Second step, satellite is inserted leak detection plenum chamber and sealing once more, regularly accumulate the detection sampling of leak data with the suction gun function of helium mass spectrometer leak detector, said data are the moment T of sampled point
iWith d. c. voltage signal U
i
7. the detection method of the whole star leak rate pick-up unit of satellite according to claim 6; It is characterized in that said detection standard for manual sampling does, before each leak detection sampling; Must be in strict accordance with helium mass spectrometer leak detector request for utilization calibration, the duty of instrument is consistent when making each the detection; Be not less than 6 hours said detection time at interval, before each sampling, and mass-spectrometer leak detector startup work 1 hour, circulating fan startup work 15 minutes; The moment T of sampled point is write down in each sampling respectively
iWith d. c. voltage signal U
i, sampling number is more than or equal to 5 times.
8. the detection method of the whole star leak rate pick-up unit of satellite according to claim 3 is characterized in that said step 4 may further comprise the steps:
The first step is with each the moment point T that obtains
iCorresponding Helium leak detector output valve U
iFind its pairing accumulation leakage rate W from calibration curve
i
Second step, utilize least square fitting to go out W～T curve, and obtain linear growth rate Δ W/ Δ T, the linear fit degree is more than or equal to 0.99, and said Δ W is the test specimen gas leakage total amount in the unit interval, and said Δ T is the unit interval;
In the 3rd step, the linear growth rate of obtaining according to formula is the leak rate Q of satellite;
The 4th step, the uncertainty evaluation of leak rate value Q: the maximum leak rate value Q that utilizes corresponding leak rate data point on the linear fit curve
MaxWith minimum leak rate value Q
MinCalculate the uncertainty of leak rate.
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