CN1027188C - Process for obtaining continuous metallurgical bond between linings of cylinders and cast which constitutes crankcass of mternal combustion engine - Google Patents

Process for obtaining continuous metallurgical bond between linings of cylinders and cast which constitutes crankcass of mternal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1027188C
CN1027188C CN91102700.9A CN91102700A CN1027188C CN 1027188 C CN1027188 C CN 1027188C CN 91102700 A CN91102700 A CN 91102700A CN 1027188 C CN1027188 C CN 1027188C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
metal
crankcase
cylinder
aluminium
magnesium
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN91102700.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1056923A (en
Inventor
雷纳多·戈里诺
伊拉诺·堂吉里尼
赛基敖·卡罗
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tektronix Stockholm public limited company
Original Assignee
Aludeke Co Ltd
Temav SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by Aludeke Co Ltd, Temav SpA filed Critical Aludeke Co Ltd
Publication of CN1056923A publication Critical patent/CN1056923A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1027188C publication Critical patent/CN1027188C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F02F2007/009—Hypereutectic aluminum, e.g. aluminum alloys with high SI content

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)

Abstract

A process for obtaining a continuous metallurgical bond between the linings of the cylinders and the cast which constitutes the crankcase of an internal-combustion engine, which crankcase is made from a material different from the material uhich constitutes the linings, is disclosed, which process comprises carrying out a surface treatment by depositing a thin metal layer on the external surface of the lining, uhich metal is different from the metals which constitute the lining and the crankcase cast, and is capable of increasing the wettability of, and the heat transfer coefficient between, the materials which constitute the lining and the cast; and casting around tha same lining, positioned inside the mould, the metal or metal alloy from which the crankcase is made.

Description

Process for obtaining continuous metallurgical bond between linings of cylinders and cast which constitutes crankcass of mternal combustion engine
The present invention relates to a kind of method that cylinder jacket of diesel engine engages with continuous metallographic between the foundry goods that constitutes crankcase that obtains.
In internal-combustion engine, each piston is all made by aluminum alloy, and they accurately slide in the set cylindrical cavity in engine crankcase.Crankcase is made by cast iron usually, but also can be made up of the foundry goods that aluminum alloy is made.
The precision of above-mentioned slip is by being installed in around the piston, guaranteed by steel or castiron arc thing or elastic piston ring.When especially crankcase was made by aluminum alloy, piston ring was worn cylinder inner wall to the frictional force of cylinder inner wall, and after surpassing scheduled time, this wearing and tearing will reduce the slip precision, thereby the efficient of motor is reduced.
In order to eliminate this defective, people in cylinder inner cavity setting-in cylinder sleeve.Cylinder sleeve is made by the high abrasion high-strength material, as steel or other lead alloy.
When crankcase after casting is made, cooperate through heat these cylinder sleeves are embedded in the engine crankcase, perhaps in same casting step, cylinder sleeve is embedded in the mold.In the above two kinds of cases, cylinder sleeve is the drive fit that realizes by the mechanical type clamping force with engaging of crankcase, and the material on mating face and discontinuous.Because this mating face material is discontinuous, thereby when the internal surface of cooling cylinder, produce the shortcoming that thermal conductivity reduces.In addition, because material is discontinuous, and the thermal expansion coefficient difference of different materials, along with constantly repeating of thermal cycle, during this period, adhesion between crankcase and the cylinder liner and mechanical grip power can reduce, therefore above-mentioned crankcase and cylinder sleeve produce mutually and break away from, and relative movement will take place.And because cooling effect is not good, thereby the degree of finish of inboard wall of cylinder liner is damaged rapidly.
Japan Patent JP-A-61/215439 discloses between a kind of cylinder jacket of diesel engine and the casting that constitutes crankcase the method that engages of metallographic continuously, and its crankcase is formed the used material of cylinder liner and constituted by being different from.But this patent only solves the problem that is engaged by the continuous metallographic between the engine cylinder-body of the cylinder liner of steel and aluminum.But do not solve cylinder liner and crankcase in the prior art and close problem, because aluminium, magnesium have high oxidation tendency by different continuous metallographics when constituting by aluminium, magnesium or aluminium or magnesium alloy.When cylinder sleeve was made of the composite material of the metallic matrix of the alloy composition of aluminium, magnesium or band aluminium or magnesium, they and crankcase foundry goods were difficult to weld.
The objective of the invention is to solve problems of the prior art, provide a kind of cylinder liner that can make by aluminium, magnesium or aluminium or magnesium alloy, or constitute by the composite material of the metal substrate of the alloy composition that has aluminium, magnesium or aluminium or magnesium, and the foundry goods of crankcase is by aluminium, magnesium or aluminium or magnesium alloy constitutes and by being different from when forming the used material of cylinder liner, obtain a kind of method that good continuous metallographic engages between the cylinder jacket of diesel engine foundry goods moving with constituting crankcase.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the invention provides between a kind of cylinder jacket of diesel engine and the foundry goods that constitutes crankcase continuously the method that metallographic engages, the foundry goods that constitutes crankcase is by aluminium, casting, perhaps aluminium or magnesium alloy, and form the used material of cylinder liner and constitute by being different from, described method comprises the following steps: the surface treatment at cylinder liner outer surface coating layer of metal film, metal contained in this metal and cylinder liner and the crankcase material is different, and can strengthen the welding property between the material of the alloy that constitutes crankcase and formation cylinder liner and increase heat-transfer coefficient between them, cylinder liner is placed in the mold, make the metal or alloy of crankcase around its cast, wherein cylinder liner is by aluminium, magnesium, or aluminium or magnesium alloy, or by having aluminium, magnesium, or the composite material of the metallic matrix of the alloy composition of aluminium or magnesium formation, and select from following metal at the metal of described cylinder liner outside coating: gold, silver, copper, nickel, platinum, palladium, chromium, tungsten, iridium, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium, zirconium.
The present invention at described cylinder sleeve and formation internal-combustion engine, can obtain very strong metallographic combination by means of the suitable processing on air-casing surface between the foundry goods of bent case.
Especially method of the present invention will guarantee to obtain the optimum condition of welding operation: promptly get rid of the impurity and the oxide on surface, make it to carry out fitting tightly and engaging of storeroom.
Yet the welding of this form and other method have a great difference, and it does not need extra power (as heating, ultrasound or the like), and welding is carried out in same casting process.
In addition, be difficult for also engaging by the welding of this form by the metal that other technology engages.
Reach embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings and describe the present invention in detail:
The schematic representation that continuous metallographic between cylinder liner that obtains with the inventive method and the foundry goods that constitutes crankcase engages has been shown in unique accompanying drawing of the application.
According to the present invention, obtain the method that cylinder jacket of diesel engine engages with continuous metallographic between the foundry goods that consists of crankcase and comprise a surface treatment process that is applied the layer of metal film by physics, chemistry or electrochemical method at liner backs. Metal contained in this kind metal and cylinder sleeve and the crankcase material is different, and can strengthen the welding property between the material of the alloy that consists of crankcase and formation cylinder sleeve, and increases the heat transfer system between them. Crankcase is by being different from structure Become the material of cylinder sleeve to make. Cylinder sleeve is placed in the mold, and around its casting metal or alloy, and crankcase is also made by this metal or alloy.
Cylinder sleeve and foundry goods can be made of the alloy of aluminium, magnesium or aluminium or magnesium, but their composition mutually must be different.
Cylinder sleeve also can be made by composite, and it is with the metallic matrix by the alloy composition of magnalium or aluminium or magnesium. This composite is made of Metal Phase (or alloy phase). This Metal Phase (or alloy phase) thus around or formation enhancing substance combined with it (powder or ceramic fibre).
Reinforce has high mechanical strength and hardness, and the suffered stress of matrix passes to it. On the other hand, matrix should have suitable characteristic, and there is certain functional relation in the application mode of this characteristic and imagination.
Reinforce can be by long ceramic fibre or short ceramic fibre (Al2O 3，SiC，Si 3N 4，BN，SiO 2) consist of, perhaps by ceramic filament (SiC, Si3N 4，B 4C，Al 2O 3) consist of, also can be by non-metal powder (SiC, BN, Si3N 4，B 4C，SiO 2Or Al2O 3) consist of.
The method for preparing composite can be as follows:
-reinforce is dispersed in the matrix of molten state;
-reinforce is dispersed in part in the solid-state matrix;
-powder metallurgy
-fibre metallurgy
-press mold;
-infiltration.
Composite material both can directly obtain, and also can obtain by following machining/processing.
The metal of forming film is preferably by selecting in the following element: gold, silver, copper, nickel, platinum, palladium, chromium, tungsten, iridium, molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium, zirconium.Film thickness preferably is in 10 in the scope of 100nm, and on the surface attached to the composite material of metallic material or metallic matrix, and the metal of forming film is different from the material of forming cylinder sleeve or foundry goods.
The coating of described metallic thin film preferably notifies spraying plating or electrochemistry plating to realize.
Chemistry well known in the art, the method for physics and other method all can be used for surface applied, as plasma spraying, laser spraying, thermal evaporation coating, the spraying of magnetic control electronics, the coating of CDV(chemical vapors) or the like.
By suitable coating, the metal liquid that is used to pour into a mould can " soak " to enough metallic material or metal-base composites with its degree of heat transferred.Inevitable described material surface and patina that form is removed, and it is directly engaged with material (when using metallic material), or it is engaged with metallic matrix (when using composite material).
In case this material is clean fully, it is applied, and be placed in the mold.The running parameter of casting must be adjusted to such an extent that be convenient to guarantee that suitable mistake heated fluid stream can be coated on the surface of material.
It suitably is very important that the position choosing of material in mould put, and the shape of cast gate wherein (entry port) and rising head (outlet) wants specialized designs, so that be cooled to can apply before the low temperature very much at described liquid metal, floods the also wall of cleaning material.
Therefore, the key of problem just is to control following three parameters: the material preheater temperature; The casting temperature and the flow condition of metal (or alloy).Can obtain splendid metallographic with such method between material and foundry goods engages.
Cylinder liner can be directly by existing known technology obtain (as gravity casting, high pressure die casting, die casting or extrusion casint, or use powder metallurgy, and permeate or fusion), also can obtain by machining progressively, also can obtain by plastic processing method (as extruding, lamination or forging).Enumerate some most preferred embodiments of the present invention now, of the present invention but these examples are used for limiting anything but.
Example 1
(laboratory test)
-cylinder sleeve is made of a tubing, and this tubing is made by silicon-aluminium hypereutetic alloy of siliceous 17%, and its external diameter is 50mm, and thick is 5mm, and height is 65mm, is the gravity casting.
The outer surface spraying plating of-cylinder sleeve has golden film.
The material of-formation foundry goods is siliceous 9% silicon-aluminum alloy.
-mold is made (as figure) by graphite, wherein:
(1) is black lead mould;
(2) be cylinder sleeve;
(3) be casting hole;
-cylinder sleeve is preheated to 350 ℃;
The metal temperature of-foundry goods is 700 ℃;
The volume of-casting material is about 400Cm 3;
-casting is finished by uphill casting.
Example 2
(laboratory test)
-cylinder sleeve is made of a tubing, and this tubing is made by composite material, and its external diameter is 50mm, and thickness is 5mm, and height is 65mm, is obtained by gravity casting.
-the composite material that obtained by infiltration is made of silicon-aluminum eutectic alloy matrix, and it contains 13% silicon, also contains by volume to account for the enhancing substance (average diameter of powder particle is 20 μ m) that 55% silicon carbide powder constitutes.
The outer surface spraying plating of-cylinder sleeve has golden film.
The material of-formation foundry goods is siliceous 9% silicon-aluminum alloy.
-mold is made (as shown) by graphite, as described in example 1.
-with cylinder sleeve and mould and die preheating to 300 ℃;
The metal temperature of-foundry goods is 650 ℃;
The volume of-casting material is about 400Cm 3
-casting is finished by uphill casting.
Example 3
(industrial test)
-test is to carry out on the industrial foundry equipment of the crankcase of casting four stroke engine.
-cylinder sleeve is made of tubing, and through being crushed to, its external diameter is 95mm to this tubing by composite material, the thick 5mm that is about, and height is about 130mm.
To be matrix by silicon-aluminum eutectic alloy forms through infiltration and dilution-composite material, and it contains the reinforce (average diameter of powder is 20 μ m) that 13% silicon and volume account for 25% silicon carbide powder formation.
The outer surface spraying plating of-cylinder sleeve has golden film.
The material of-formation foundry goods is siliceous 9% silicon-aluminum alloy.
-industrial mold is made by cast iron.
-cylinder sleeve is preheated to 300 ℃.
The temperature of-foundry goods metal is approximately 700 ℃.
The volume of-casting material is about 10dm 3
-casting is finished by uphill casting.
Example 4
(industrial test)
-test is to carry out on the industrial foundry equipment of the crankcase of casting four stroke engine.
-cylinder sleeve is made of tubing, and through being crushed to, its external diameter is 95mm to this tubing by composite material, thick about 5mm, high about 130mm.
-composite material is that matrix is formed through mixing by silicon-aluminum eutectic alloy, and it contains 13% silicon and volume and accounts for the reinforce (the powder diameter is 20 μ m) that 15% silicon carbide powder constitutes.
The spraying plating of-liner backs has golden film.
The material of-formation foundry goods is siliceous 9% silicon-aluminum alloy.
-industrial mold is made by cast iron.
-cylinder sleeve is preheated to 300 ℃.
-mold is preheated to about 370 ℃.
The temperature of-foundry goods metal is about 700 ℃.
The volume of-casting material is about 10dm 3
-casting is finished by uphill casting.

Claims (12)

1, the method that engages of metallographic continuously between the foundry goods of the bent thin case of cylinder jacket of diesel engine and formation, the foundry goods of crankcase is formed the used material of cylinder liner and is constituted by aluminium, magnesium or aluminium or magnesium alloy and by being different from, and it is characterized in that described method comprises the following steps:
Surface treatment at cylinder liner outer surface coating layer of metal film, metal contained in this metal and cylinder and the crankcase material is different, and can strengthen the weldability between the material of the alloy that constitutes crankcase and formation cylinder liner and increase heat-transfer coefficient between them
Cylinder liner is placed in the mold, centers on the metal alloy that crankcase is made in its cast,
Wherein, cylinder liner is by aluminium, magnesium or aluminium or magnesium alloy, or constitute by the composite material of the metallic matrix of the alloy composition that has aluminium, magnesium or aluminium or magnesium, and select from following metal at the metal of described cylinder liner outer surface coating: gold, silver, copper, nickel, platinum, palladium, chromium, tungsten, iridium molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, osmium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium, zirconium.
2, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that cylinder sleeve is by containing SiC, BN, Si 3N 4, B 4C, SiO 2, Al 2O 3In the nonmetal end selected form as the composite material of reinforce.
3, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that cylinder sleeve is by containing SiC, Si 3N 4, B 4C, SiO 2, Al 2O 3In the ceramic filament selected constitute as the composite material of reinforce.
4, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that cylinder sleeve is by containing SiC, BN, Si 3N 4, B 4C, SiO 2, Al 2O 3In the length selected or short ceramic fiber constitute as the composite material of reinforce.
5, as method as described in each in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that cylinder sleeve by containing powder, filament or length or short ceramic fiber constitute as the composite material of reinforce, and its concentration is calculated with volume and accounted for 10% to 60%.
6, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the coating of metallic thin film is finished by spraying plating.
7, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the coating of metallic thin film is finished by chemicalpiston.
8, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that the coating of metallic thin film is finished by chemicalpiston.
9, the method for claim 1, the coating that it is characterized in that metallic thin film are by plasma spraying, and thermal evaporation coating or CDV(chemical vaporization apply) or by laser spraying, magnetic control electronics spraying technology is finished.
10, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that cylinder sleeve passes through gravity casting, high pressure die casting, die casting, powder metallurgy is perhaps passed through in extrusion casint, infiltration or fusion obtain, both can directly obtain, the also available machining or the method for plasticity machining progressively obtains (as extruding, lamination or forging).
11, the method for claim 1 it is characterized in that composite material obtains by the method in the matrix that reinforce is dispersed in molten state, or the method that reinforce is dispersed in the solid-state matrix of part obtains, or by powder metallurgy, metal coat, press mold, the method for infiltration obtains.
12, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that being coated in thickness of metal film on the liner backs at 10nm in the scope of 100nm.
CN91102700.9A 1990-04-06 1991-04-06 Process for obtaining continuous metallurgical bond between linings of cylinders and cast which constitutes crankcass of mternal combustion engine Expired - Fee Related CN1027188C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT19968A IT1240746B (en) 1990-04-06 1990-04-06 PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING A CONTINUOUS METALLURGIC LINK BETWEEN CYLINDER BARRELS ID THE JET CONSTITUTING THE BASE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
IT19968.A/90 1990-04-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1056923A CN1056923A (en) 1991-12-11
CN1027188C true CN1027188C (en) 1994-12-28

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EP (1) EP0450722B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04251657A (en)
CN (1) CN1027188C (en)
AT (1) ATE116714T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9101389A (en)
CA (1) CA2039878A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69106418T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0450722T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2066332T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3015109T3 (en)
IT (1) IT1240746B (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4244502C1 (en) * 1992-12-30 1994-03-17 Bruehl Aluminiumtechnik Cylinder crankcase and method for its manufacture
US5429173A (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-07-04 General Motors Corporation Metallurgical bonding of metals and/or ceramics
DE102004007774A1 (en) * 2004-02-18 2005-09-15 Mahle Gmbh Bushing for an internal combustion engine
JP4584058B2 (en) * 2005-07-08 2010-11-17 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Cylinder liner and manufacturing method thereof
DE102010055162A1 (en) * 2010-12-18 2012-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh Coating and coated casting component
BR102013005326A2 (en) * 2013-03-05 2014-12-02 Mahle Metal Leve Sa CYLINDER SHIRT FOR ENGINING ON AN ENGINE BLOCK AND ENGINE BLOCK
CN107598485A (en) * 2017-07-25 2018-01-19 中原内配集团安徽有限责任公司 A kind of manufacture craft of screw thread process type cylinder sleeve
CN113999999A (en) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-01 华中科技大学 Preparation method of rare earth reinforced solid-liquid composite cast magnesium/aluminum bimetal and product
CN114046209A (en) * 2022-01-13 2022-02-15 爱柯迪股份有限公司 Silicon nitride fiber reinforced aluminum alloy engine cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1340869A (en) * 1962-08-17 1963-10-25 Willys Motors Internal combustion engine and method for its manufacture
DE3837254A1 (en) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Light alloy insert for the formation of an expansion joint in combustion chamber walls of internal combustion engines formed from cast light alloy, especially cylinder head bases of diesel internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04251657A (en) 1992-09-08
IT9019968A0 (en) 1990-04-06
IT9019968A1 (en) 1991-10-06
GR3015109T3 (en) 1995-05-31
DK0450722T3 (en) 1995-05-15
CN1056923A (en) 1991-12-11
ATE116714T1 (en) 1995-01-15
EP0450722A1 (en) 1991-10-09
DE69106418T2 (en) 1995-07-06
EP0450722B1 (en) 1995-01-04
ES2066332T3 (en) 1995-03-01
IT1240746B (en) 1993-12-17
BR9101389A (en) 1991-11-26
CA2039878A1 (en) 1991-10-07
DE69106418D1 (en) 1995-02-16

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