CN102714979B - Hydraulic system for self-propelled dwarf tree fruit harvester - Google Patents
Hydraulic system for self-propelled dwarf tree fruit harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN102714979B CN102714979B CN201210202033.5A CN201210202033A CN102714979B CN 102714979 B CN102714979 B CN 102714979B CN 201210202033 A CN201210202033 A CN 201210202033A CN 102714979 B CN102714979 B CN 102714979B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic system for an agricultural harvester and particularly relates to a hydraulic system for a self-propelled dwarf tree fruit harvester. The hydraulic system comprises five independent hydraulic loops which share one oil tank; and an air cooler and a return oil filter are arranged on a total oil return path. The five hydraulic loops complete the actions and functions of lifting motion of the whole harvester, walking movement of the harvester, rotation movement of a fruit cleaning and selecting centrifugal fan, movement of a fruit conveying belt, rotation of a fruit and branch separator, and turning movement. Compared with the conventional mechanical and electrical transmission system, the hydraulic system is stable in transmission, compact in structure, reliable in performance, and capable of easily realizing various complicated mechanical actions of lifting, transmission, turning, walking and the like, so that the self-propelled dwarf tree fruit harvester is equipped with an excellent power system and can complete red date harvesting operation with high quality and high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hydraulic system that agricultural harvesting machinery is used, especially a kind of hydraulic system for self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine.
background technology
Red date nutrient enriches and jujube tree can be checked winds and fixed drifting sand, and its economic worth and the ecological value are high.Constantly advance take defend and control sand as main Forestry Ecological System Construction, take characteristic industry of planting forest or fruit tress as main forestry industry System Construction and the ecological culture System Construction of rich connotation be the important directions of Xinjiang 12 forest developments.Xinjiang red dates cultivated area has broken through 6,000,000 mu at present, wherein downgrades dense planting red date cultivated area and has broken through 2,000,000 mu, and downgrade dense planting red date cultivated area every year with 30% speed increase, and development is swift and violent.
At present, the main manual work that relies on of red date results, exists labour intensity large, and productivity ratio is low, loses the problems such as large.Labor shortage, labor cost go up and become increasingly conspicuous; be badly in need of development red date harvest operation facility; improve efficiency of crop and results quality, alleviate the problem of current time in busy farming season labour's anxiety, and can promote energetically to downgrade the development of the standardization of dense planting red date, large-scale planting technology.
The do mechanization operation that red date mechanized harvest is a complexity, difficulty is large.Although the countries such as America and Europe have just realized the mechanization that woods is really gathered in the crops the sixties in 20th century, because red date plantation mainly concentrates on China's (only there is a small amount of commercialization plantation in Korea S), the research of external red date harvest machinery aspect has no report.Domestic, within 2009, Xinjiang Academy of Land Reclamation &. Cultivation has developed 4YS-24 type red date reaping machine, with Dongfanghong 400 type tractors uses, the large-scale jujube tree that is only applicable to gather in the crops trunk diameter >=10cm, is unsuitable for downgrading the results of dense planting red date.
Therefore, develop a kind of red date reaping machine with independent intellectual property right, dependable performance, cheap, applicable Xinjiang actual production conditions and the condition of popularization, to realize the gather key of mechanization of red date, reduce especially red date results production cost, liberation labour, the only way of promotion Xinjiang red dates industry entire mechanization.
Chinese patent ZL201120201918.4, a kind of hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester is disclosed, it is characterized in that being fixedly mounted with successively Driving control mechanism assembly on support assembly upper lateral part, engine and hydraulic pump system, in four vertical beams of support assembly, be fixedly mounted with respectively hydraulic jack, on the cylinder rod termination of each hydraulic jack, be rotatably mounted hydraulic-driven road wheel assembly, engine is connected with hydraulic pump system, oil pipe by hydraulic pump system respectively at hydraulic jack, hydraulic-driven road wheel assembly is communicated with, Driving control mechanism assembly is connected with hydraulic pump system with engine, so far form hydraulic-driven self-propelled chassis, two exciting main shafts rotationally correspondence are arranged in the middle of support assembly on downside position, between four vertical beams, exciting motor is fitted on exciting main shaft upper end, exciting driving lever is packed on exciting main shaft from top to bottom successively, exciting motor is communicated with hydraulic pump system, so far forms exciting device, on support assembly downside position, be positioned at relatively equipped two the fruit conveying plants in position, both sides and collection fruit plate below exciting device, collection fruit plate and the fruit conveying plant of adjacent the same side of a side overlap, equipped blower fan on fruit conveying plant, blower fan is connected with engine respectively with fruit conveying plant.
Adopt the self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine of said structure to gather, can disposablely complete the multiple working procedures such as fruit branch separation, conveying and removal of impurities of red date, from improving the efficiency of crop of reaping machine, for woods fruit reaping machine is equipped with a set of high-performance, high efficiency, dynamical system that stability is strong, can play important effect to the increasing both production and income of red date results.Hydraulic system is combined with self-propelled woods fruit reaping machine, by hydraulic system, provide power for woods fruit reaping machine, not only can make the structure of woods fruit reaping machine be simplified, reduce processing and manufacturing cost, and can make the action of woods fruit reaping machine corresponding sensitiveer, make it possess good characteristics such as controlling easy, high-power power stable output, reducing noise.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of rational in infrastructure, stability is strong, performance good, efficiency is high, with the matching used hydraulic system for self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine of corresponding woods fruit reaping machine.
Hydraulic system provided by the present invention, discloses on a kind of hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester architecture basics and has developed at Chinese patent ZL201120201918.4.
Described hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester, concrete structure is as follows:
On support assembly 2 upper lateral parts, be fixedly mounted with successively Driving control mechanism assembly 1, engine 15 and hydraulic pump system 14, in four vertical beams 3 of support assembly 2, be fixedly mounted with respectively complete machine hoist cylinder 4, on the cylinder rod termination of each complete machine hoist cylinder 4, be rotatably mounted hydraulic-driven road wheel assembly 5, engine 15 is connected with hydraulic pump system 14, oil pipe is communicated with hydraulic pump system 14 respectively with complete machine hoist cylinder 4, hydraulic-driven road wheel assembly 5, Driving control mechanism assembly 1 is connected with hydraulic pump system 14 with engine 15, so far forms hydraulic-driven self-propelled chassis; Two exciting main shafts 9 rotationally correspondence are arranged in the middle of support assembly 2 on downside positions, between four vertical beams 3, exciting motor 16 is fitted on exciting main shaft 9 upper ends, vibration driving lever 10 is packed on exciting main shaft 9 from top to bottom successively, exciting motor 16 is communicated with hydraulic pump system 14, so far forms exciting device.
On support assembly 2 downside positions, be positioned at relatively equipped two the fruit conveying plants 7 in position, both sides and the collection fruit plate 17 of collection fruit plate 17, one sides and fruit conveying plant 7 overlap joints of adjacent the same side below exciting device.
Equipped blower fan 8 on fruit conveying plant 7, blower fan 8 is connected with engine 15 respectively with fruit conveying plant 7.Two exciting main shafts 9 to adjacent inside portion, the rear contrary with the facility direction of advance D amplitude of oscillation angle of stirring woods fruit to B while being greater than its backswing forward direction C stir the amplitude of oscillation angle of woods fruit, and two synchronous swaying directions of exciting main shaft 9 are contrary.
In work, hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester forwards moves, dwarfing fruit branch is sighed in the middle of exciting device, vibration driving lever 10 on exciting device inserts in tree crown, due to the reciprocally swinging of vibration motor 16 at circumferencial direction, making fruit from setting, be impacted vibration falls, drop on collection fruit plate 17, fruit tumbles on fruit conveying plant 7 along collection fruit plate 17, and carry backward collection dress, in course of conveying, the blower fan 8 of conveying plant upside is mixed clearly, remove the impurity such as leaf, complete harvest operation.The flexible lift adjustment that can realize and complete complete machine of four complete machine hoist cylinders 4, to meet the woods fruit harvest operation needs different with adapting to height, guarantees operation quality and efficiency.
According to the course of work of hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester, can conclude that to sum up action and function that hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester needs hydraulic system to complete as follows:
(1) elevating movement of complete machine: the lifting of complete machine hoist cylinder 4 can realize the lifting of complete machine, can regulate its height according to the fluctuating on ground, and it is up to the standard.When transportation, walking, complete machine rises, and during work, complete machine declines, and by complete machine hoist cylinder 4, is controlled.
(2) walking movement of reaping machine: intend adopting four wheel drive, rear-axle steering, rear wheel drive also can front and back wheel drive simultaneously under normal circumstances, by walking variable displacement motor 6, is driven.
(3) fruit is cleaned rotatablely moving of centrifugal blower: blower fan when work, the separated wind regime endlessly that provides of fruit and light foreign material is provided, and further improve and clean effect, by fruit cleaning fan motor 11, driven.
(4) motion of fruit conveyer belt: fruit conveyer belt is driven by swiveling wheel, is transported to fruit on the top of reaping machine, has guaranteed the continuity that fruit is carried, and by fruit, carries motor 13 to drive.
(5) really, the rotation of branch separator: really, the rotation of branch separator can vibrate fruit from fruit tree, become fruit, the separated main function components of branch, by fruit, 16 drivings of a branch separator vibration motor.
(6) go to action: self-propelled red date reaping machine will complete complete machine walking function, has adopted fluid-link steering, its feature: turn to easy and flexible, process balance, is controlled by steering cylinder 12.
A kind of hydraulic system for hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester, it is characterized in that: running gear adopts closed circuit, its compact conformation, efficiency is high, performance good, car load work is moved and is turned to lifting to adopt advanced load-sensitive hydraulic open type loop, thereby it is best to reach transmission energy utilization rate.
This hydraulic system is open system, comprises five independent hydraulically controlled loops, and five hydraulic circuits share a fuel tank 18, and total oil return line is provided with forced air cooler 19 and return filter 20, and described five hydraulic circuits are respectively:
(1) hydraulic circuit one: comprise the axial piston variable capacity oil pump 21.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, described axial piston variable capacity oil pump 21.1 is connected with motor control reversal valve group 21.2, described motor control reversal valve group 21.2 is by the first solenoid directional control valve 21.3, choke valve 21.4 and the first check valve 21.5 form, in described motor control reversal valve group 21.2,4 first electricity taste reversal valves 21.3 are carried motors 13 with 2 fruits respectively, 2 fruit cleaning fan motors 11 are connected, described in each the first solenoid directional control valve 21.3 and described described in each fruit carry between motor 3 or described fruit cleaning fan motor 11 pressure measuring tie-in check valve 21.6 be housed, be used for detecting the actual working pressure of each duplexure, choke valve 21.4 is used for controlling the rotating speed of motor,
(2) hydraulic circuit two: comprise the high-pressure gear pump 22.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, the fuel-displaced pipeline of described high-pressure gear pump 22.1 is provided with fruit, branch separator vibration motor 16, described fruit, branch separator vibration motor 16 connects for parallel with the first accumulator 22.2, the oil-out place of described high-pressure gear pump 22.1 is provided with the first electromagnetic relief valve 22.3, the second check valve 22.4, carry out respectively initialization system MTP and prevent that hydraulic oil from flowing backwards, also be provided with the second solenoid directional control valve 22.5, one-way throttle valve 22.6, be used for controlling rotating speed and the frequency of motor, described the first accumulator 22.2 is connected on an oil circuit with high-pressure stop valve 22.7, described accumulator 15 is the pressure supplementing in time on oil circuit,
(3) hydraulic circuit three: comprise the gear pump 23.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, described gear pump 23.1 is connected with steering gear 23.2, wherein two oil-outs of described steering gear 23.2 are connected with steering cylinder 12, wherein another oil-out is connected with fuel tank 18, when not turning to, gear pump 23.1 directly communicates with fuel tank 18, between described gear pump 23.1 and steering gear 23.2, be provided with the second electromagnetic relief valve 23.3, pressure gauge 23.4, pressure gauge switch 23.5, pressure-gradient control valve 23.6, described the second electromagnetic relief valve 23.3 is used for setting MTP, described steering gear 23.2 is by the 3rd check valve 23.7, the 3rd solenoid directional control valve 23.8, reversing motor 23.9, the first overflow valve 23.10, the 4th check valve 23.11 forms, two described the first overflow valves 23.10 and two the 4th check valve 23.11 parallel joins and steering cylinder 12 form loops, the oil-out of described the 4th check valve 23.11 and the first overflow valve 23.10 is connected with fuel tank 18, two described the first overflow valves 23.10 limit the maximum pressure of system, when oil pressure is too high, this valve is opened, fluid flows back to fuel tank, and two the 4th check valves 23.11 play a role when manually turning to, and is convenient to oil and refluxes from fuel tank, at described oil return opening, place can also be provided with heat exchanger and filter, is used for cooling, filtered fluid force feed,
(4) hydraulic circuit four: comprise the gear pump 23.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, wherein said gear pump 23.1 is connected with complete machine hoist cylinder 4, between described gear pump 23.1 and complete machine hoist cylinder 4, be provided with the second electromagnetic relief valve 23.3, pressure gauge 23.4, pressure gauge switch 23.5, pressure-gradient control valve 23.6, manual multi-path reversing valve 24.1, tubular type balanced valve 24.2, flow divider-combiner 24.3, tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve 24.4 is connected, two described tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve 24.4 parallel joins and two pairs of complete machine hoist cylinders 4 form loop, the oil-out of described the 5th check valve 24.5 and the second overflow valve 24.6 is connected with fuel tank 18, described manual multi-path reversing valve 24.1 is used for controlling the lifting of complete machine hoist cylinder 4, described tubular type balanced valve 24.2 makes oil cylinder lifting when change still can easy motion, described flow divider-combiner 24.3 makes hydraulic jack in the situation that of load inequality, still can obtain about equally or proportional flow, realize being synchronized with the movement of oil cylinder, described tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve 24.4 guarantees that oil cylinder pins reliably,
(5) hydraulic circuit five: comprise the slippage pump 25.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, described slippage pump 25.1 forms a loop with walking variable displacement motor 6, described slippage pump 25.1 is by speed change valve group 25.2 and walking variable displacement motor 6, variable pump 25.3 loops, place are connected, the second accumulator 25.4 and speed change valve group 25.2 parallel joins, on return line, be provided with oil absorption filter 25.5, forced air cooler 19, the fuel-displaced pipeline of described variable pump 25.3 is provided with two high-pressure overflow valves 25.6 and two the 6th check valves 25.7, two described high-pressure overflow valves 25.6 and two the 6th check valve 25.7 parallel joins form loop with walking variable displacement motor 6, this loop is by flushing valve 25.8, flow divider 25.9 is connected with fuel tank 18.
In oil hydraulic circuit five, the hydraulic oil that slippage pump 25.1 initially provides is in variable pump 25.3 and walking variable displacement motor 6 inner loop, self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine is straight line moving at the uniform velocity, when changing the flow of variable pump 25.3, the also corresponding change of rotating speed of walking variable displacement motor 6, thus the speed of walking controlled.Change the direction of variable pump 25.3, can change the direction of motion of walking variable displacement motor 6, thereby change, make self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine reverse driving.The effect of impulsive force when wherein, high-pressure overflow valve 25.6 has played buffer starting or turned to.Flushing valve 25.8 reduces oil circuit temperature and improves filter effect.
The hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester of said structure is in carrying out the process of red date results, the fruit branch that can realize red date is separated, fruit is cleaned, fruit transport, several functions is walked in complete machine lifting, complete machine, improved greatly the efficiency of crop of red date, reduce labour cost, greatly shortened the time of red date results.For simplifying the structure of complete machine, and be convenient to control, the key operation parts on hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester all rely on hydraulic motor to drive, and hydraulic system plays very important effect in this reaping machine.
Compared with prior art, provided by the present invention for pressing the hydraulic system that drives self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine, stable drive, dependable performance, be easy to realize lifting, transmission, turn to, the mechanical action of the Various Complex such as walking, make self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine have the dynamical system of function admirable, and then can complete high-quality, efficiently red date harvest operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1 side-looking.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that Fig. 1 overlooks.
Fig. 4 is the hydraulic system oil circuit schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in the figure: 1 is Driving control mechanism assembly, 2 is support assembly, and 3 is vertical beam, 4 is complete machine hoist cylinder, and 5 is road wheel assembly, and 6 is walking variable displacement motor, 7 is fruit conveying plant, and 8 is blower fan, and 9 is exciting main shaft, 10 is vibration driving lever, and 11 is blower motor, and 12 is steering cylinder, 13 carry motor for fruit, and 14 is hydraulic pump system, and 15 is engine, 16 is vibration motor, and 17 is collection fruit plate;
18 is fuel tank, and 19 is forced air cooler, and 20 is return filter;
21 is that hydraulic circuit one, 21.1 is axial piston variable capacity oil pump, and 21.2 is motor control reversal valve group, and 21.3 is that the first solenoid directional control valve, 21.4 is choke valve, and 21.5 is the first check valve, and 21.6 is pressure measuring tie-in check valve;
22 is that hydraulic circuit two, 22.1 is high-pressure gear pump, and 22.2 is the first accumulator, and 22.3 is the first electromagnetic relief valve, and 22.4 is the second check valve, and 22.5 is the second solenoid directional control valve, and 22.6 is one-way throttle valve, and 22.7 is high-pressure stop valve;
23 is hydraulic circuit three, 23.1 is gear pump, and 23.2 is steering gear, and 23.3 is the second electromagnetic relief valve, 23.4 be pressure gauge, 23.5 is pressure gauge switch, and 23.6 is pressure-gradient control valve, and 23.7 is the 3rd check valve, 23.8 is the 3rd solenoid directional control valve, 23.9 is reversing motor, and 23.10 is the first overflow valve, and 23.11 is the 4th check valve;
24 is that hydraulic circuit four, 24.1 is manual multi-path reversing valve, and 24.2 is tubular type balanced valve, and 24.3 is flow divider-combiner, and 24.4 is tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve, and 24.5 is the 5th check valve, and 24.6 is the second overflow valve;
25 hydraulic circuits five, 25.1 are slippage pump, and 25.2 is speed change valve group, and 25.4 is the second accumulator, and 25.5 is oil absorption filter, and 25.6 is high-pressure overflow valve, and 25.7 is the 6th check valve, and 25.8 for flushing valve, 25.9 is flow divider, and 25.10 is pilot valve;
26 is liquid level gauge, and 27 is temperature sensor, and 28 is fuel outlet valve, and 29 is air cleaner.
Embodiment
embodiment:
With reference to accompanying drawing 1-accompanying drawing 4, as follows with the concrete structure of the supporting harvester thresher capable of processing tomato of the present embodiment:
On support assembly 2 upper lateral parts, be fixedly mounted with successively Driving control mechanism assembly 1, engine 15 and hydraulic pump system 14, in four vertical beams 3 of support assembly 2, be fixedly mounted with respectively complete machine hoist cylinder 4, on the cylinder rod termination of each complete machine hoist cylinder 4, be rotatably mounted hydraulic-driven road wheel assembly 5, engine 15 is connected with hydraulic pump system 14, oil pipe is communicated with hydraulic pump system 14 respectively with complete machine hoist cylinder 4, hydraulic-driven road wheel assembly 5, Driving control mechanism assembly 1 is connected with hydraulic pump system 14 with engine 15, so far forms hydraulic-driven self-propelled chassis; Two exciting main shafts 9 rotationally correspondence are arranged in the middle of support assembly 2 on downside positions, between four vertical beams 3, exciting motor 16 is fitted on exciting main shaft 9 upper ends, vibration driving lever 10 is packed on exciting main shaft 9 from top to bottom successively, exciting motor 16 is communicated with hydraulic pump system 14, so far forms exciting device.
On support assembly 2 downside positions, be positioned at relatively equipped two the fruit conveying plants 7 in position, both sides and the collection fruit plate 17 of collection fruit plate 17, one sides and fruit conveying plant 7 overlap joints of adjacent the same side below exciting device.
Equipped blower fan 8 on fruit conveying plant 7, blower fan 8 is connected with engine 15 respectively with fruit conveying plant 7.Two exciting main shafts 9 to adjacent inside portion, the rear contrary with the facility direction of advance D amplitude of oscillation angle of stirring woods fruit to B while being greater than its backswing forward direction C stir the amplitude of oscillation angle of woods fruit, and two synchronous swaying directions of exciting main shaft 9 are contrary.
In work, hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester forwards moves, dwarfing fruit branch is sighed in the middle of exciting device, vibration driving lever 10 on exciting device inserts in tree crown, due to the reciprocally swinging of vibration motor 16 at circumferencial direction, making fruit from setting, be impacted vibration falls, drop on collection fruit plate 17, fruit tumbles on fruit conveying plant 7 along collection fruit plate 17, and carry backward collection dress, in course of conveying, the blower fan 8 of conveying plant upside is mixed clearly, remove the impurity such as leaf, complete harvest operation.The flexible lift adjustment that can realize and complete complete machine of four complete machine hoist cylinders 4, to meet the woods fruit harvest operation needs different with adapting to height, guarantees operation quality and efficiency.
According to the course of work of hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester, can conclude that to sum up action and function that hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester needs hydraulic system to complete as follows:
(1) elevating movement of complete machine: the lifting of complete machine hoist cylinder 4 can realize the lifting of complete machine, can regulate its height according to the fluctuating on ground, and it is up to the standard.When transportation, walking, complete machine rises, and during work, complete machine declines, and by complete machine hoist cylinder 4, is controlled.
(2) walking movement of reaping machine: intend adopting four wheel drive, rear-axle steering, rear wheel drive also can front and back wheel drive simultaneously under normal circumstances, by walking variable displacement motor 6, is driven.
(3) fruit is cleaned rotatablely moving of centrifugal blower: blower fan when work, the separated wind regime endlessly that provides of fruit and light foreign material is provided, and further improve and clean effect, by fruit cleaning fan motor 11, driven.
(4) motion of fruit conveyer belt: fruit conveyer belt is driven by swiveling wheel, is transported to fruit on the top of reaping machine, has guaranteed the continuity that fruit is carried, and by fruit, carries motor 13 to drive.
(5) really, the rotation of branch separator: really, the rotation of branch separator can vibrate fruit from fruit tree, become fruit, the separated main function components of branch, by fruit, 16 drivings of a branch separator vibration motor.
(6) go to action: self-propelled red date reaping machine will complete automatic walking function, must realize fluid-link steering, is controlled by steering cylinder 12.
A kind of hydraulic system for above-mentioned self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine, this hydraulic system is open system, comprises five independent hydraulically controlled loops, and five hydraulic circuits share a fuel tank 18, total oil return line is provided with forced air cooler 19 and return filter 20, and described five hydraulic circuits are respectively:
(1) hydraulic circuit one: comprise the axial piston variable capacity oil pump 21.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, described axial piston variable capacity oil pump 21.1 is connected with motor control reversal valve group 21.2, described motor control reversal valve group 21.2 is by the first solenoid directional control valve 21.3, choke valve 21.4 and the first check valve 21.5 form, in described motor control reversal valve group 21.2,4 the first solenoid directional control valves 21.3 are carried motor 13 with 2 fruits respectively, 2 fruit cleaning fan motors 11 are connected, described in each the first solenoid directional control valve 21.3 and described described in each fruit carry between motor 3 or described fruit cleaning fan motor 11 pressure measuring tie-in check valve 21.6 be housed, be used for detecting the actual working pressure of each duplexure, choke valve 21.4 is used for controlling the rotating speed of motor,
(2) hydraulic circuit two: comprise the high-pressure gear pump 22.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, the fuel-displaced pipeline of described high-pressure gear pump 22.1 is provided with fruit, branch separator vibration motor 16, described fruit, branch separator vibration motor 16 connects for parallel with the first accumulator 22.2, the oil-out place of described high-pressure gear pump 22.1 is provided with the first electromagnetic relief valve 22.3, the first check valve 22.4, carry out respectively initialization system MTP and prevent that hydraulic oil from flowing backwards, also be provided with the second solenoid directional control valve 22.5, one-way throttle valve 22.6, be used for controlling rotating speed and the frequency of motor, described the first accumulator 22.2 is connected on an oil circuit with high-pressure stop valve 22.7, described accumulator 15 is the pressure supplementing in time on oil circuit,
(3) hydraulic circuit three: comprise the gear pump 23.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, described gear pump 23.1 is connected with steering gear 23.2, wherein two oil-outs of described steering gear 23.2 are connected with steering cylinder 12, wherein another oil-out is connected with fuel tank 18, when not turning to, gear pump 23.1 directly communicates with fuel tank 18, between described gear pump 23.1 and steering gear 23.2, be provided with the second electromagnetic relief valve 23.3, pressure gauge 23.4, pressure gauge switch 23.5, pressure-gradient control valve 23.6, described the second electromagnetic relief valve 23.3 is used for setting MTP, described steering gear 23.2 is by check valve 23.7, solenoid directional control valve 23.8, reversing motor 23.9, the first overflow valve 23.10, the 4th check valve 23.11 forms, two described the first overflow valves 23.10 and two the 4th check valve 23.11 parallel joins and steering cylinder 12 form loops, the oil-out of described check valve 23.11 and overflow valve 23.10 is connected with fuel tank 18, described two overflow valves 23.10 limit the maximum pressure of system, when oil pressure is too high, this valve is opened, fluid flows back to fuel tank, and two check valves 23.11 play a role when manually turning to, and is convenient to oil and refluxes from fuel tank, at described oil return opening, place can also be provided with heat exchanger and filter, is used for cooling, filtered fluid force feed,
(4) hydraulic circuit four: comprise the gear pump 23.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, wherein said gear pump 23.1 is connected with complete machine hoist cylinder 4, between described gear pump 23.1 and complete machine hoist cylinder 4, be provided with the second electromagnetic relief valve 23.3, pressure gauge 23.4, pressure gauge switch 23.5, pressure-gradient control valve 23.6, manual multi-path reversing valve 24.1, tubular type balanced valve 24.2, flow divider-combiner 24.3, tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve 24.4 is connected, two described tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve 24.4 parallel joins and two pairs of complete machine hoist cylinders 4 form loop, the oil-out of described the 5th check valve 24.5 and the 3rd overflow valve 24.6 is connected with fuel tank 18, described manual multi-path reversing valve 24.1 is used for controlling the lifting of complete machine hoist cylinder 4, described tubular type balanced valve 24.2 makes oil cylinder lifting when change still can easy motion, described flow divider-combiner 24.3 makes hydraulic jack in the situation that of load inequality, still can obtain about equally or proportional flow, realize being synchronized with the movement of oil cylinder, described tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve 24.4 guarantees that oil cylinder pins reliably,
(5) hydraulic circuit five: comprise the slippage pump 25.1 being connected with fuel tank 18, described slippage pump 25.1 forms a loop with walking variable displacement motor 6, described slippage pump 25.1 is by speed change valve group 25.2 and walking variable displacement motor 6, variable pump 25.3 loops, place are connected, the second accumulator 25.4 and speed change valve group 25.2 parallel joins, on return line, be provided with oil absorption filter 25.5, forced air cooler 19, the fuel-displaced pipeline of described variable pump 25.3 is provided with two high-pressure overflow valves 25.6 and two the 6th check valves 25.7, two described high-pressure overflow valves 25.6 and two the 6th check valve 25.7 parallel joins form loop with walking variable displacement motor 6, this loop is by flushing valve 25.8, flow divider 25.9 is connected with fuel tank 18.
In oil hydraulic circuit five, the hydraulic oil that slippage pump 25.1 initially provides is in variable pump 25.3 and walking variable displacement motor 6 inner loop, self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine is straight line moving at the uniform velocity, when changing the flow of variable pump 25.3, the also corresponding change of rotating speed of walking variable displacement motor 6, thus the speed of walking controlled.Change the direction of variable pump 25.3, can change the direction of motion of walking variable displacement motor 6, thereby change, make self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine reverse driving.The effect of impulsive force when wherein, high-pressure overflow valve 25.6 has played buffer starting or turned to.Flushing valve 25.8 reduces oil circuit temperature and improves filter effect.
The hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester of said structure is in carrying out the process of red date results, the fruit branch that can realize red date is separated, fruit is cleaned, fruit transport, several functions is walked in complete machine lifting, complete machine, improved greatly the efficiency of crop of red date, reduce labour cost, greatly shortened the time of red date results.For simplifying the structure of complete machine, and be convenient to control, the key operation parts on hydraulic drive self-propelled dwarfing forest fruit harvester all rely on hydraulic motor to drive, and hydraulic system plays very important effect in this reaping machine.
Claims (2)
1. the hydraulic system for self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine, it is characterized in that this hydraulic system comprises five independent hydraulically controlled loops, five hydraulic circuits share a fuel tank (18), total oil return line is provided with forced air cooler (19) and return filter (20), and described five hydraulic circuits are respectively:
(1) hydraulic circuit one: comprise the axial piston variable capacity oil pump (21.1) being connected with fuel tank (18), described axial piston variable capacity oil pump (21.1) is connected with motor control reversal valve group (21.2), described motor control reversal valve group (21.2) is by the first solenoid directional control valve (21.3), choke valve (21.4) and the first check valve (21.5) form, in described motor control reversal valve group (21.2), 4 the first solenoid directional control valves (21.3) are carried motor (13) with 2 fruits respectively, 2 fruit cleaning fan motors (11) are connected, described in each, the first solenoid directional control valve (21.3) is carried motor (13) with fruit described in each, pressure measuring tie-in check valve (21.6) is housed between fruit cleaning fan motor (11),
(2) hydraulic circuit two: comprise the high-pressure gear pump (22.1) being connected with fuel tank (18), the fuel-displaced pipeline of described high-pressure gear pump (22.1) is provided with fruit, branch separator vibration motor (16), described fruit, branch separator vibration motor (16) connects for parallel with the first accumulator (22.2), the oil-out place of described high-pressure gear pump (22.1) is provided with the first electromagnetic relief valve (22.3), the second check valve (22.4), the second solenoid directional control valve (22.5), one-way throttle valve (22.6), described the first accumulator (22.2) is connected on an oil circuit with high-pressure stop valve (22.7),
(3) hydraulic circuit three: comprise the gear pump (23.1) being connected with fuel tank (18), described gear pump (23.1) is connected with steering gear (23.2), wherein two oil-outs of described steering gear (23.2) are connected with steering cylinder (12), wherein another oil-out is connected with fuel tank (18), between described gear pump (23.1) and steering gear (23.2), be provided with the second electromagnetic relief valve (23.3), pressure gauge (23.4), pressure gauge switch (23.5), pressure-gradient control valve (23.6), described steering gear (23.2) is by the 3rd check valve (23.7), the 3rd solenoid directional control valve (23.8), reversing motor (23.9), the first overflow valve (23.10), the 4th check valve (23.11) forms, two described the first overflow valves (23.10) and two the 4th check valve (23.11) parallel joins and steering cylinder (12) form loop,
(4) hydraulic circuit four: comprise the gear pump (23.1) being connected with fuel tank (18), wherein said gear pump (23.1) is connected with complete machine hoist cylinder (4), between described gear pump (23.1) and complete machine hoist cylinder (4), be provided with the second electromagnetic relief valve (23.3), pressure gauge (23.4), pressure gauge switch (23.5), pressure-gradient control valve (23.6), manual multi-path reversing valve (24.1), tubular type balanced valve (24.2), flow divider-combiner (24.3), tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve (24.4) is connected, two described tubular type hydraulic control one-way valve (24.4) parallel joins and two pairs of complete machine hoist cylinders (4) form loop, the oil-out of the 5th check valve (24.5) and the second overflow valve (24.6) is connected with fuel tank (18),
(5) hydraulic circuit five: comprise the slippage pump (25.1) being connected with fuel tank (18), described slippage pump (25.1) forms a loop with walking variable displacement motor (6), described slippage pump (25.1) is by speed change valve group (25.2) and walking variable displacement motor (6), variable pump (25.3) loop, place is connected, the second accumulator (25.4) and speed change valve group (25.2) parallel join, on return line, be provided with oil absorption filter (25.5), forced air cooler (19), the fuel-displaced pipeline of described variable pump (25.3) is provided with two high-pressure overflow valves (25.6) and two the 6th check valves (25.7), two described high-pressure overflow valves (25.6) and two the 6th check valve (25.7) parallel joins form loop with walking variable displacement motor (6), this loop is by flushing valve (25.8), flow divider (25.9) is connected with fuel tank (18).
2. the hydraulic system for self-propelled dwarf trees fruit reaping machine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, on described fuel tank, liquid level gauge (26), temperature sensor (27), fuel outlet valve (28) and air cleaner (29) are installed.
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| CN201210202033.5A CN102714979B (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2012-06-19 | Hydraulic system for self-propelled dwarf tree fruit harvester |
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| CN201210202033.5A CN102714979B (en) | 2012-06-19 | 2012-06-19 | Hydraulic system for self-propelled dwarf tree fruit harvester |
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| CN102966611A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-03-13 | 上海汇益控制系统股份有限公司 | Hydraulic fixing device for shipped wind power tower |
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