CN102713250A - 带有继电器的起动装置 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/11—Thermal or acoustic insulation
- F02B77/13—Acoustic insulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
- H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
- H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
- H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
- F02N15/023—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the overrunning type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/062—Starter drives
- F02N15/063—Starter drives with resilient shock absorbers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
- H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
- H01H50/30—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock, e.g. by balancing of armature
- H01H50/305—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock, e.g. by balancing of armature damping vibration due to functional movement of armature
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种起动装置,其具有用于通断电流(I)的继电器(16),所述起动装置还具有继电器壳体(156)和隔绝套(203),所述隔绝套围绕继电器(16)设置,其特征在于,隔绝套(203)作为软管(209)被套装到继电器壳体(156)上。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有继电器的起动装置。
背景技术
在FR2 436 263和FR2 496 353中分别公开了一种起动装置,所述起动装置在其外侧都覆盖有金属的防护板。这些金属防护板的作用是,尽可能地使起动装置与由通常靠得特别近的并且因内部燃烧过程变得特别热的内燃机所发出的辐射热远离。基于金属板的固有特性,不能通过该金属板进行隔音。
发明内容
相对于此,权利要求1所请求保护的内容具有的优点是,通过安置在基体上的隔绝层实现对由继电器产生的噪音的适当的隔音。
从属权利要求得到其它优点。
附图说明
下面将借助附图中所示的实施例对本发明进行详细的说明,但是并不限制本发明。附图中:
图1示出了起动装置纵剖面图,
图2a示出了从继电器连接侧所看见的起动装置视图(隔绝套的第一个实施示例),
图2b示出了根据一种变形的起动装置的继电器的部分剖视图,
图3示出了图2a所示的继电器和隔绝套的纵剖面图
图4至6示出了护套的其它实施例
具体实施方式
图1以纵剖视图示出了起动装置10。在图1中示出了起动装置10。该起动装置10例如具有起动电动机13和继电器16,该继电器在这里例如被构造为接通继电器。所述起动电动机13和继电器16固定在一个共同的驱动端轴承盖19上。所述起动电动机13在功能上用于当起动小齿轮22啮合到在此未示出的内燃机的齿圈25中时,驱动起动小齿轮22。
起动电动机13具有作为壳体的极管28,所述极管在其内周上支承多个极靴31,这些极靴分别被一个励磁绕组34缠绕。极靴31又包围着电枢37,该电枢具有由薄片40构成的电枢铁心43和设置在多个槽46中的电枢绕组49。电枢铁心43压紧在驱动轴44上。此外,在驱动轴44的远离起动小齿轮22的端部上还安装了换向器52,所述换向器52尤其由多个单个的换向器薄片55构成。换向器薄片55通过已知的方式与电枢绕组49电连接,使得在通过电刷58给换向器薄片55通电时产生电枢37在极管28中的旋转运动。设置在啮合继电器16和起动电动机13之间的电流引线61在接通状态时不仅为电刷58而且还为励磁绕组34供电。驱动轴44在换向器一侧通过轴颈64支撑在滑动轴承67中,该滑动轴承67又位置固定地保持在换向器轴承盖70中。所述换向器盖70又借助于拉杆73固定在驱动端轴承盖19中,所述拉杆73(如螺钉,例如两个、三个或者四个)分布在极管28的周边上。在此,极管28支撑在驱动端轴承盖19上,而且换向器轴承盖70支撑在极管28上。
沿驱动方向,在电枢37上连接了一个太阳轮80,该太阳轮是行星齿轮传动装置83的一部分。太阳轮80被多个行星齿轮86包围,通常是分别借助于滚动轴承89支撑在轴颈92上的三个行星齿轮86包围。行星齿轮86在内齿圈95中滚动,所述内齿圈95以外侧支承在极管28中。在朝向输出侧的方向上,与行星齿轮86相接的是行星架98,轴颈92容纳在所述行星架中。行星架98又支承在中间支承件101和设置在该中间支承件101中的滑动轴承104中。中间支承件101被设计为盆形,以便于在其中容纳行星架98以及行星齿轮86。此外,在盆形的中间支承件101中还设置了内齿圈95,该内齿圈最后通过盖107相对于电枢37封闭。中间支承件101也通过其外周边支撑在极管28的内侧。电枢37在驱动轴44的远离换向器52的端部上具有另一个同样容纳在滑动轴承113中的轴颈110。所述滑动轴承113又容纳在行星架98的中央孔里。行星架98与输出轴116一体地连接。这个输出轴116通过它的远离中间支承件101的端部119支承在另一个轴承122中,该另一轴承固定在驱动端轴承盖19中。输出轴116分为不同的区段:接在设置在中间支承件101的滑动轴承104中的区段后面的是带有所谓的直齿(内齿)125的区段,该直齿是所谓的轴毂连接结构的一部分。这个轴毂连接结构128在这种情况下使带动件131沿轴向的直线滑动成为可能。该带动件131是套筒状的突出部,该突出部和自由轮137的盆形外圈132是一体的。这个自由轮137(定向制动器)此外还包括沿径向设置在外圈132内部的内圈140。在内圈140和外圈132之间设有夹紧体138。这些夹紧体138与内圈和外圈共同作用,防止在外圈和内圈之间朝第二个方向的相对转动。换句话说,自由轮137能实现内圈140和外圈132之间只朝一个方向的相对运动。在这个实施例中,所述内圈140被实施为与起动小齿轮22和该起动小齿轮的斜齿143(外斜齿)是一体的。
为了完整起见,在这里还要讨论啮合机构。接通继电器16具有接线柱150,该接线柱是电触头并且连接在起动机电池(这里未示出)的正极上。这个接线柱150穿过继电器盖153。所述继电器盖153封闭继电器壳体156,该继电器壳体借助于多个固定元件159(螺钉)固定在驱动端轴承盖19上。在继电器16中还设置了吸引绕组162和所谓的保持绕组165。所述吸引绕组162和保持绕组165两者分别在接通状态下产生一个电磁场,所述电磁场不仅穿过继电器壳体156(由电磁传导性材料制成),而且穿过线性运动的衔铁168和穿过衔铁轭铁171。所述衔铁168具有推杆174,当线性吸引所述衔铁168时,所述推杆174朝向开关销177方向运动。通过推杆174朝向开关销177运动,使这个开关销177从其静止位置向两个触头180和181的方向移动,从而安装在开关销177朝向触头180和181的端部上的接触桥184使两个触头180和181相互电连接。由此电功率从接线柱150经过接触桥184传输到电流引线61并由此传输到电刷58。所述起动电动机13在此时被通电。
但是,继电器16或者更具体地说衔铁168还有一项任务,即,通过拉动元件187使一个相对于驱动端轴承盖19可转动地设置的杠杆运动。通常被构造为叉形杠杆的该杠杆190通过两个这里没有示出的“尖齿”在其外周上包住两个盘片193和194,以使夹在这两个盘片之间的传动环197克服弹簧200的阻力向自由轮机构137运动,并且由此使起动小齿轮22啮合到齿圈25中。
对于在此所描述的本发明而言,具有斜齿的起动小齿轮22的实施方式以及具有直齿的轴毂连接结构128的实施方式并不重要。作为替代,起动小齿轮22也可以是直齿式的以及轴轮毂连接结构128具有通常不会自锁的大螺距螺纹。
图2a示出了从继电器16连接侧所看见的起动装置10的视图,其具有隔绝套203的第一个实施例。在该实施例中,隔绝套203由安装在外圆周206上的软管209组成,所述软管在这里至少由一种塑料(基础成分是合成或半合成生产的带有有机基团的聚合物)。例如,软管209可以由弹性体(橡胶等)或弹性热塑性塑料,如聚乙烯,聚氨酯组成。优选地,该软管209被构造为具有张开的或封闭的细孔212的塑料。例如,为了隔离辐射热并由此延长软管209的使用寿命,该软管209例如可以在其外侧215涂覆有金属箔218(图2b)。因此,软管209可以由具有细孔212的材料制成。
图3显示的是配备有软管209(图2a)的继电器16的纵剖面图。软管209环绕继电器16的圆柱形区段221,并且在这种情况下甚至包围相对于驱动端轴承盖19定向的斜面或斜边224。软管209在朝着继电器顶盖153的方向包围边缘227,继电器顶盖153借助所述边缘被固定在继电器壳体156上。
图4局部示出了隔绝套203的另外的实施例。在这里,在软管209和继电器16之间设置额外的隔绝层230。在该实施示例中,隔绝层230主要具有隔音特性,而布置在其周围的由塑料制成的软管209更多地起支撑件的作用,当然也有隔音特性。在这样一种复合物中,也可以在软管209上涂覆金属箔218作为屏蔽层。在软管209和继电器壳体156之间可以布置一种包括优选地具有细孔212或含纤维的材料的隔绝层230。
图5示出了一种在朝着继电器16的方向具有波纹状表面233的软管,图6显示的是一种在背离继电器16的方向具有波纹状外侧215的软管209。借助于这种波纹状或波浪形的表面233或外侧215同样可以进行隔音。
在图5和图6所示的实施示例中,也可以给软管涂覆金属箔218。
在图2a相关部分中给出的软管209的材料特性原则上也适用于其它的隔绝材料(隔绝层230)以及图4、图5和图6中所述的软管209。
在按照图2a,图2b和图3至图6的示例中所描述的软管209例如可以被构造为所谓的热缩塑性套管。热缩塑性套管在温度的作用(加热)下会抽紧(收缩)并且在这种情况下紧贴在继电器16的外轮廓。适当的材料可以是,例如,常见的聚烯烃、聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)和聚四氟乙烯。
软管209作为隔绝套203也可以配合精准地(过渡配合或压配合)被套装到继电器壳体156上并且在必要时可以通过胶粘剂位置固定地保持在继电器壳体156上。
该说明中所提及的细孔212可以是张开的或闭合的。
Claims (8)
1.一种起动装置,其具有用于通断电流(I)的继电器(16),所述起动装置还具有继电器壳体(156)以及隔绝套(203),所述隔绝套围绕所述继电器(16)设置,其特征在于,所述隔绝套(203)作为软管(209)被套装到继电器壳体(156)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的起动装置,其特征在于,所述软管(209)由具有细孔(212)的材料制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的起动装置,其特征在于,在所述软管(209)和继电器壳体(156)之间设置有隔绝层(230),该隔绝层包括优选地具有细孔(212)或含纤维的材料。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的起动装置,其特征在于,所述细孔(212)是张开的或闭合的。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的起动装置,其特征在于,所述软管(209)在其外侧(215)呈波纹状或者在朝着继电器(16)的方向具有波纹状的表面(233)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的起动装置,其特征在于,所述软管(209)是热缩塑性套管。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的起动装置,其特征在于,所述软管(209)在其外侧(215)涂覆有金属箔(218)。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的起动装置,其特征在于,所述软管(209)通过胶粘剂的作用位置固定地保持在所述继电器壳体(156)上。
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DE102009045281.8A DE102009045281B4 (de) | 2009-10-02 | 2009-10-02 | Startvorrichtung mit einem Relais |
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PCT/EP2010/064497 WO2011039280A1 (de) | 2009-10-02 | 2010-09-29 | Startvorrichtung mit einem relais |
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DE102012223027B4 (de) | 2012-12-13 | 2021-03-18 | Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh | Startvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
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DE3404112A1 (de) * | 1984-02-07 | 1985-08-14 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Andrehmotor fuer eine brennkraftmaschine |
DE3920602C1 (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1990-09-13 | Audi Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt, De | Protective shield for pulling magnets of starter motor of IC engine - is composed of thin-walled plate and has 3 spacers uniformly distributed about periphery |
GB2262136A (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1993-06-09 | Magneti Marelli Spa | A starter device for a motor vehicle internal combustion engine |
EP0705973A1 (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-04-10 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Starter with band-shaped seal member |
CN1139180A (zh) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-01-01 | 瓦莱奥电机设备公司 | 汽车起动器以及用于这种起动器的开关 |
EP1772604A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-11 | Centre d'etude et de recherche pour l'automobile (CERA) | Ecran de protection thermique et acoustique d'un composant de véhicule |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT258391B (de) * | 1966-08-08 | 1967-11-27 | Naimer H L | Elektrisches Schaltgerät |
FR2436263A1 (fr) | 1978-09-15 | 1980-04-11 | Paris & Du Rhone | Ecran pare-chaleur pour contacteur de demarreur de moteur a combustion interne |
FR2496353A1 (fr) | 1980-12-11 | 1982-06-18 | Paris & Du Rhone | Dispositif de montage d'un ecran pare-chaleur pour machine tournante electrique |
FR2525308A1 (fr) * | 1982-04-15 | 1983-10-21 | Paris & Du Rhone | Dispositif antivibrations pour contacteur de demarreur pour moteurs a combustion interne |
DE3935299A1 (de) * | 1989-10-24 | 1991-04-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Umhuellung fuer elektrische maschinen |
-
2009
- 2009-10-02 DE DE102009045281.8A patent/DE102009045281B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-09-29 EP EP10757798A patent/EP2483551A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-09-29 WO PCT/EP2010/064497 patent/WO2011039280A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-09-29 CN CN201080045306.9A patent/CN102713250B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3404112A1 (de) * | 1984-02-07 | 1985-08-14 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Andrehmotor fuer eine brennkraftmaschine |
DE3920602C1 (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1990-09-13 | Audi Ag, 8070 Ingolstadt, De | Protective shield for pulling magnets of starter motor of IC engine - is composed of thin-walled plate and has 3 spacers uniformly distributed about periphery |
GB2262136A (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1993-06-09 | Magneti Marelli Spa | A starter device for a motor vehicle internal combustion engine |
EP0705973A1 (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-04-10 | Nippondenso Co., Ltd. | Starter with band-shaped seal member |
CN1139180A (zh) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-01-01 | 瓦莱奥电机设备公司 | 汽车起动器以及用于这种起动器的开关 |
EP1772604A1 (fr) * | 2005-10-07 | 2007-04-11 | Centre d'etude et de recherche pour l'automobile (CERA) | Ecran de protection thermique et acoustique d'un composant de véhicule |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102009045281B4 (de) | 2020-08-27 |
DE102009045281A1 (de) | 2011-04-07 |
EP2483551A1 (de) | 2012-08-08 |
CN102713250B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
WO2011039280A1 (de) | 2011-04-07 |
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