CN102707814A - Optical finger navigation device with light guide film - Google Patents
Optical finger navigation device with light guide film Download PDFInfo
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- CN102707814A CN102707814A CN201210039054XA CN201210039054A CN102707814A CN 102707814 A CN102707814 A CN 102707814A CN 201210039054X A CN201210039054X A CN 201210039054XA CN 201210039054 A CN201210039054 A CN 201210039054A CN 102707814 A CN102707814 A CN 102707814A
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Abstract
The present invention describes an optical finger navigation device with a light guide film. In one embodiment, the finger navigation device comprises the light guide film, a light source, a sensor and a navigation module. Total internal reflection is showed up in at least one part of the light guide film, and the light source is optically connected with the light guide film and the light is emitted into the light guide film. The sensor is used for detecting the light emitted from the light guide film after the light is reflected on a finger close to the light guide film, the navigation module is used for generating horizontal movement information through responding to light reflected from the finger and detected by the sensor, the horizontal movement information is used to indicate the finger to move horizontally in relative to the sensor. Other embodiments of the finger navigation device are also described.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to the optical finger navigation device with light-guiding film.
Background technology
Optical navigator uses light source to shine navigation surface, makes optical image former can generate the digital picture that is used to calculate action.For example, optical image former can and relatively generate navigation signal based on consecutive image to the imaging of lip-deep finger.Yet along with the size of traditional guider reduces, the physical space that is used for the imager that input detects to optical guidance has also reduced.
Some traditional optical guider encapsulation have thickness or the optics height of about 2.5mm.The optics height refers to from the optical finger interface surface to the distance the corresponding sensor.The optics height is also referred to as the optics track.2.5mm optics track or thickness be considered to for some embodiment of the hand-held device such as cell phone and miniature portable personal computer (PC) peripheral unit and Yan Taihou.
Many optical navigators use the discrete element that is called photoconduction to come light from light source-guide to navigation surface.Propagate through photoconduction from the light of light source, crossing up to its border with photoconduction.When intersect on the border of light and photoconduction, itself or partly leave photoconduction and partly in the photoconduction internal reflection, perhaps return and in photoconduction, propagate from the edge reflection of photoconduction fully along new direction.Such reflection is known as " total internal reflection " (TIR), and depends on that light is with respect to the incident angle on border and the refractive index of the material outside photoconduction and the photoconduction.Photoconduction is the moulded parts of transparent plastic normally, and the thickness of photocon directly is increased on the integral thickness of optical navigator.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of finger navigation device has been described.In one embodiment, the finger navigation device comprises light-guiding film (LGF), light source, sensor and navigation module.At least a portion of LGF shows total internal reflection (TIR), and light source and LGF optical communication and be configured to light is injected among the LGF.Sensor is configured to the light from the LGF outgoing is being detected after the finger reflection near LGF; And navigation module is configured in response to generating transverse movement information from finger reflection and by the light of sensor, and transverse movement information indication finger is with respect to the transverse movement of sensor.Other embodiment of finger navigation device have also been described.
The embodiment of another optical finger navigation device has been described.In one embodiment, the finger navigation device comprises circuit board substrate, sensor, LGF, light source and navigation module.Sensor is installed to circuit board substrate, and sensor comprises individual array of photo detectors.LGF is connected to circuit board substrate, and be placed with near sensor so that sensor between at least a portion of circuit board and LGF.Light source is installed to circuit board substrate and is configured to light is injected in the edge surface of LGF; And navigation module is configured in response to generating movable information from finger reflection and by the light of sensor, and movable information indication finger is with respect to the motion of sensor.Other embodiment of optical finger navigation device have also been described.
The embodiment of portable electronic system has been described.In one embodiment, portable electronic system comprises display, optical finger navigation device, LGF, light source, sensor and navigation module.Display comprises navigation sign, and the optical finger navigation device is configured to based on the change of detected light pattern, generating the navigation signal that is used for the mobile navigation sign according to finger with respect to the motion of optical finger navigation device.The optical finger navigation device comprises LGF, and wherein at least a portion of LGF shows TIR.Light source and LGF optical communication, and be configured to light is injected among the LGF, sensor is configured to the light from the LGF outgoing is being detected after the finger reflection.Navigation module is configured in response to generating transverse movement information by finger reflection and by the light of sensor, and transverse movement information indication finger is with respect to the transverse movement of sensor.Other embodiment of portable electronic system have also been described.
Will become more apparent according to the detailed description of carrying out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, other aspects of the present invention and advantage, wherein accompanying drawing illustrates with the mode of the example of principle of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has described to have the stereographic map of an embodiment of user input apparatus of the form of optical finger navigation device.
Fig. 2 A has described the sectional view of an embodiment of the optical finger navigation device of Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 B has described under will pointing with respect to the situation of photoconduction (LGF) placement with the total internal reflection of change LGF, the sectional view of an embodiment of the optical finger navigation device of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 A has described under the situation of fingerprint peaks and fingerprint paddy being placed with respect to LGF with the total internal reflection that changes LGF, the sectional view of an embodiment of the optical finger navigation device of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 B be fingerprint peaks and fingerprint paddy are placed under the situation of another position with the total internal reflection that changes LGF with respect to LGF, another sectional view of an embodiment of the optical finger navigation device of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 A has described the sectional view of another embodiment of the optical finger navigation device of Fig. 1, and this optical finger navigation device is included in the non-planar elements on the first type surface of LGF.
Fig. 4 B has described the sectional view about Fig. 4 A of the fingerprint peaks of finger and fingerprint paddy.
Fig. 5 described the sectional view of another embodiment of the optical finger navigation device of Fig. 1, and this optical finger navigation device comprises irregular non-planar elements.
Fig. 6 has described to comprise the sectional view of another embodiment of optical finger navigation device of Fig. 1 of encapsulants.
Fig. 7 has described to have the block diagram of an embodiment of the portable electronic system of optical finger navigation.
Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of method of having described to be used to use the optical finger navigation of LGF.
Fig. 9 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of having described to be used to make the method for the optical finger navigation device that uses LGF.
Figure 10 is the stereographic map of the optical finger navigation device of part assembling, and wherein the optical finger navigation device comprises circuit board substrate, sensor and light source, and wherein sensor and light source are with top described those are similar with reference to figure 1-9.
Figure 11 be after LGF is installed to circuit board substrate, the stereographic map of optical finger navigation device 1.
Figure 12 be after having connected ornamental capping, the stereographic map of optical finger navigation device.
Figure 13 is the sectional view of the optical finger navigation device of Figure 12.
Figure 14 A is the vertical view with respect to the array of the light extraction features portion in LGF of the position of sensor.
Figure 14 B is the sectional view from the LGF of Figure 14 A at profile line A-A place.
Figure 15 is the stereographic map from one embodiment in the light extraction features portion of Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B.
The user that Figure 16 has described to contact with LGF in the position of light extraction features portion points.
In whole instructions, similar Reference numeral can be used to represent similar element.
Embodiment
Use film as photoconduction in certain embodiments.Light-guiding film (LGF) is thinner than traditional photoconduction, and therefore can use LGF to make thinner optical finger navigation device.In addition, in certain embodiments, LGF comprises the light extraction features portion of light from the LGF outgoing that make.In an embodiment, light extraction features portion interacts to change the non-planar elements of scattering of light with finger.The light quantity of LGF is fled from the geometric configuration increase of non-planar elements; Therefore, the image by sensor detects more by force and more easily.Therefore, can reduce to be fed to LGF light amount and can save battery electric power.The scattering of light of sensor through changing.
Fig. 1 has described the stereographic map of an embodiment of user input apparatus of the form of optical finger navigation device 100.Optical finger navigation device 100 comprises light-guiding film (LGF) 102, one or more light source 104 and sensor 106.Though illustrate and described optical finger navigation device 100 with specific components and function, can with still less or more assembly implement other embodiment, to help more or less function.
In certain embodiments, LGF 102 is made up of the transmitance material membrane.In a particular embodiment, LGF 102 is flexible, and can be crooked in being installed to electronic installation the time, to help the mechanical arrangement of assembly in the free space position.LGF 102 can be bent and still keep desired optical owing to the total internal reflection (TIR) of the light that produces at light source 104 places.In other embodiments, LGF 102 is the plane basically.Even LGF 102 can have crooked geometric configuration, for the TIR of the light in the LGF 102, the optical characteristics of LGF 102 is still similar with plane geometric shape.In certain embodiments, LGF 102 can have polished surface with further promotion TIR.In addition, can reflectance coating be coated on the surface of LGF 102.
In certain embodiments, LGF 102 is usually than traditional photoconduction (for example, molded plastic light guide) Bao Deduo.Traditional photoconduction has the thickness of several millimeters magnitudes usually.In traditional thick photoconduction, light experienced the reflection from the interface of very few number before light leaves thicker photoconduction.On the contrary, in the film-type photoconduction, there is a large amount of internal reflections from the interface.Therefore, increased interaction with the finger that is contacted significantly.In one embodiment, the thickness of LGF 102 about 10 and about 100 microns between.In another embodiment, the thickness of LGF 102 is about 50 microns.
In a particular embodiment, use such as plastic film manufacturing technologies such as deposition, casting film extruding or impressions and form LGF 102, this produces than uses the thinner product of product that is used to form the technology manufacturing of conventional light guides such as injection moulding etc.Since LGF 102 than conventional light guides thin Duo and provide effectively, the face illumination of high brightness, so reduced the integral thickness of optical finger navigation device 100.
LGF 102 comprises first type surface 112.In the illustrated embodiment, first type surface 112 is upper surfaces of LGF 102.As shown in the figure, first type surface 112 comprises plane basically part.First type surface 112 also can comprise the upper surface of the sweep of LGF 102.
LGF 102 also comprises finger interface surface 114.More specifically, the part of first type surface 112 is designated as finger interface surface 114.Finger interface surface 114 roughly be first type surface 112, the finger (not shown) contacts belong to that part of with LGF 102.In certain embodiments, finger interface surface 114 is circular.Selectively, finger interface surface 114 is non-circular.
Fig. 2 A has described the sectional view of an embodiment of the optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1.Optical finger navigation device 100 comprises LGF 102, light source 104, sensor 106 and one or more distance piece (spacer) 206.LGF 102 comprises first type surface 112.Light source 104 guides to light among the LGF 102.In one embodiment, light source 104 is configured to the edge surface emission of light to LGF 102.For example, from light incident on the lateral edges 105 of LGF 102 of light source 104.The TIR of the relative index of refraction of the material of the boundaries on either side of incident angle and the LGF 102 of LGF 102 through depending on light and at internal reflected light.Low angle light 202 and high angle light 204 have also been depicted." low " and " height " of in presents, using about the angle of light refers to the relative angle on the surface of light and LGF102, rather than with the angle of the normal of LGF 102.
In certain embodiments, low angle light 202 when it runs into the interface between LGF 102 and the external environment by total internal reflection.Yet high angle light 204 can leave LGF 102 at the boundary between LGF 102 and the external environment.High angle light 204 can detect also through sensor 106/or interact with finger.
In one embodiment, distance piece 206 is between LGF 102 and sensor 106.Distance piece 206 remains sensor 106 and leaves LGF 102 fixed ranges.Through keeping the interval between sensor 106 and the LGF 102, distance piece has been made gap 208.Gap 208 can hold the fluid that exists in the environment around such as air etc., perhaps can hold such as discrete fluids such as inert gases.In some environment, vacuum or low-density relatively fluid are kept in gap 208.In a particular embodiment, distance piece 206 is one or more ball type devices.
Fig. 2 B has described to be placed under the situation with the TIR that changes LGF 102 with respect to LGF 102 at finger 210, the sectional view of an embodiment of the optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1.In the illustrated embodiment, finger 210 physically contacts with the finger interface surface 114 of LGF 102, and has changed the TIR of the light that in LGF 102, reflects.Finger 210 contacts and has changed TIR and made light scatter at least in part outside the LGF 102 with physics between the LGF 102.Owing to refractive index causes the change by the detected optical function of imager (scattering and absorption) from the change that LGF 102 changes into the function of surface that LGF 102 causes with respect to finger with respect to surrounding environment.In certain embodiments, the refractive index of finger 210 refractive index ratio air is relatively more near the refractive index of LGF 102.Therefore, will change into from the low angle light 202 of LGF-environment border total internal reflection through pointing 210 scatterings at least in part, thereby change by sensor 106 detected light patterns.In addition, when finger 210 does not exist, will can not reflect towards sensor 106 by finger, thereby change by sensor 106 detected light patterns along the high angle light 204 of fleeing from away from the direction of sensor 106 in the environment.In certain embodiments, light is from pointing 210 reflections and arriving the sensor 106 that originally can not arrive.From point 210 reflex to sensor 106 light changed by sensor 106 detected light patterns.
Fig. 3 A has described the enlarged drawing in cross section of embodiment of the optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1 to Fig. 5.Fig. 3 A described placed under fingerprint peaks 302 and fingerprint paddy 304 the situation with the TIR that changes LGF 102 with respect to LGF 102, the sectional view of an embodiment of the optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1.Finger 210 comprises a plurality of fingerprint peakses 302.Between fingerprint peaks 302 fingerprint paddy 304.In a particular embodiment, when finger 210 contacted with finger interface surface 114, fingerprint peaks 302 directly contacted with finger interface surface 114, and stays little air bolus 306 at fingerprint paddy 304 places.
As stated, TIR depends on relative index of refraction and incident angle.In one embodiment, contact with finger interface surface 114 if fingerprint peaks 302 runs into the position on finger interface surface 114 at high angle light 204, then high angle light 204 can be at least in part by fingerprint peaks 302 reflections.Therefore, through with the contacting of fingerprint peaks 302, change by sensor 106 detected images.
If low angle light 202 runs into the fingerprint interface surface in the position at fingerprint peaks 302 places, under the situation that does not have finger, will can be scattered by the low angle light 202 of total internal reflection so at 114 places, finger interface surface.Can be from the scattered light of low angle light 202 towards sensor 106 scatterings, and change by sensor 106 detected images.
Fig. 3 B be fingerprint peaks 302 and fingerprint paddy 304 are placed under the situation of another position with the TIR that changes LGF 102 with respect to LGF 102, another sectional view of an embodiment of the optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1.In the illustrated embodiment, high angle light 204 is positioned at position and the finger interface surface 114 of fingerprint interface surface more than 114 in fingerprint paddy 304 and intersects.As a result, high angle light 204 can leave LGF 102 at least in part.Similarly, low angle light 202 is positioned at position and the finger interface surface 114 of fingerprint interface surface more than 114 in fingerprint paddy 304 and intersects.As a result, low angle light 202 shows TIR at 114 places, finger interface surface.The change of fingerprint positions causes the overall TIR pattern of light 202,204 to change.Change through sensor 106 check pattern.
In certain embodiments, along with finger 210 moves more than 114 on the finger interface surface, the reflection type of 114 place's high angle light 204 and volume reflection and low angle light 202 scattering types can change with amount on the finger interface surface.When finger 210 is placed with (shown in Fig. 3 A) when making that fingerprint peaks 302 is positioned at the intersection point place on high angle light 204 and finger interface surface, high angle light 204 is at least in part through fingerprint peaks 302 scatterings.Similarly, when finger 210 is placed with (shown in Fig. 3 A) when making that fingerprint peaks 302 is positioned at the intersection point place on low angle light 202 and finger interface surface, low angle light 202 is at least in part through fingerprint peaks 302 scatterings.When finger 210 is placed with (shown in Fig. 3 B) when making that fingerprint paddy 304 is positioned at the intersection point place on high angle light 204 and finger interface surface, high angle light 204 can leave LGF 102 at least in part.When finger 210 is placed with (shown in Fig. 3 B) when making that fingerprint paddy 304 is positioned at the intersection point place on low angle light 202 and finger interface surface, low angle light 202 shows TIR.Along with the change of finger 210 position, owing to have more or less high angle light 204 and low angle light 202 to arrive sensors 106, sensor 106 detects this change.
Fig. 4 A has described the sectional view of another embodiment of the optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1, and it is included in the non-planar elements 402 on the first type surface 112 of LGF 102.In one embodiment, non-planar elements 402 and first type surface 112 coplane not.In one embodiment, non-planar elements 402 distributes on finger interface surface 114 equably.In alternative embodiment, non-planar elements 402 distributes on finger interface surface 114 unevenly.In certain embodiments, non-planar elements 402 at least in part projection exceed first type surface 112.In one embodiment, non-planar elements 402 comprises the projection on the finger interface surface 114.In alternative embodiment, non-planar elements 402 is the depressed parts in the first type surface 112.Non-planar elements causes incident angle to change for the light in the LGF 102.The incident angle change causes originally will being scattered by the light of total internal reflection like this.
In one embodiment, the photogenerated image of sensor 106 from be directed to sensor 106.Show as the still image that generates by sensor 106 by non-planar elements 402 towards the light of sensor 106 scatterings.The variation of the image that is generated by sensor 106 in certain embodiments, is interpreted as finger 210 moving on finger interface surface 114.
With respect to the plane TIR waveguide that does not have non-planar elements, the effect of non-planar elements 402 is finger peak and the absorption of paddy and brightness and the complexities of scattering that improve sensor 106 tops.The increase of this brightness has strengthened the ability that detects motion.Non-planar elements has from high to low the variations in refractive index of (for example, from LGF to the air).In one embodiment, as the another kind of mode that increases local static scattering, bubble or nanosphere can be introduced in the zone 114 of LGF film and have high index of refraction and change.Yet owing to projection is maximum in response to the variation that finger produces, therefore projection is preferred in certain embodiments.
Fig. 4 B described Fig. 4 A about the fingerprint peaks 302 of finger and the sectional view of fingerprint paddy 304.In certain embodiments, when finger 210 contacted with finger interface surface 114, fingerprint peaks 302 directly contacted with one or more non-planar elements 402, and stays little air bolus at fingerprint paddy 304 places.Changed the internal reflection of the light in the LGF 102 with non-planar elements 402 contacted fingerprint peakses 302.For example, when air as the situation of Fig. 4 A and non-planar elements 402 were adjacent, the high angle light 404 that is mapped to non-planar elements 402 was by total internal reflection.And if fingerprint peaks 302 is adjacent with non-planar elements 402 as the situation of Fig. 4 B, then high angle light 404 leaves LGF 102 at least in part.The change of this internal reflection is caused by the refringence between air and the fingerprint peaks 302 at least in part.The variation of the internal reflection of particular light ray has changed the light that gets into sensor 106.Therefore, the image that is generated by sensor 106 also changes.In one embodiment, 100 changes with the image that is generated of optical finger navigation device are interpreted as the motion of finger 210 on finger interface surface 114.
Fig. 5 has described to comprise the sectional view of another embodiment of optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1 of prism shape or irregular non-planar elements 502.Irregular non-planar elements 502 can adopt Any shape.In certain embodiments, irregular non-planar elements 502 can show as shape at random.For example, irregular non-planar elements 502 can be formed in the random grain on the finger interface surface 114.Irregular non-planar elements 502 can distribute on finger interface surface 114 equably.In another embodiment, irregular non-planar elements 502 distributes on finger interface surface 114 unevenly.In certain embodiments, irregular non-planar elements 502 can comprise lip-deep dust or the wet goods environmental element such as finger interface surface 114.In the embodiment of Fig. 5, irregular non-planar elements 502 is projected into first type surface 112 tops of LGF 102.In other embodiments, be described below, non-planar elements is configured to extend to the recessed zone of first type surface 112 belows of LGF 102.
Irregular non-planar elements 502 changes the internal reflection of the light in LGF 102.In certain embodiments, irregular non-planar elements 502 arrives at least a portion light scattering outside the LGF 102.Detect by light through sensor 106 towards sensor 106 scatterings.Be scattered and can shine finger interface surface 114 and can interact with finger 210 away from the light of sensor 106.
In one embodiment, irregular non-planar elements 502 is to come to interact with fingerprint peaks 302 and fingerprint paddy 304 with above-mentioned other non-planar elements 402 similar modes that combine Fig. 4 B to describe.For example, can absorb in other cases with irregular non-planar elements 502 contacted fingerprint peakses 302 will be towards at least a portion light of sensor 106 scatterings, thereby cause the change by sensor 106 detected light.
Fig. 6 has described to comprise the sectional view of another embodiment of optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1 of encapsulants 602.In one embodiment, encapsulants 602 covering sensors 106 and protection is provided to sensor 106.In a particular embodiment, encapsulants 602 is to allow light to arrive the transmitance material of sensor 106 through encapsulants 602 from LGF 102.In a particular embodiment, encapsulants 602 forms to have and allows it to play the optical characteristics of lensing.The lens that formed by encapsulants 602 can be refracting element or Fresnel lens.In another embodiment, encapsulants 602 is attached to the bottom of LGF 102, rather than the top of sensor 106.Especially, encapsulants 602 can be aimed at finger contact area 114.Therefore, for various embodiment, the exact position of encapsulants 602 can be different, as long as there is air-gap (perhaps such as another low-index layers such as aerogels) in some position in the laminated portions between sensor 106 and LGF 102.
Fig. 7 has described to have the block diagram of an embodiment of the portable electronic system 702 of optical finger navigation.Portable electronic system 702 is implemented user input apparatus 100 (for example, the optical finger navigation device 100 of Fig. 1) to help user's input.The example of portable electronic system 702 that can implement the embodiment of user input apparatus 100 comprises such as hand-hold communication device and GPS (GPS) devices such as cell phones.In addition, in the scope of embodiments of portable electronic system 702, can also implement electronic peripheral devices such as other types such as personal music player, personal digital assistant (PDA), biological fingerprint sensor, smart phone, panel computers.
Through in portable electronic system 702, implementing the embodiment of user input apparatus 100, user input apparatus 100 for example can help the user to import, so that the content on the display device 141 of user input apparatus 100 is navigated.For example, user input apparatus 100 can help the sign of the navigation on the display device 704 706 is controlled.Navigation sign 706 can be the navigation sign of cursor, high bright sign (highlighter), arrow or other types.In addition; The user who receives through user input apparatus 100 imports the function by user's control that can help other types, includes but not limited to action in volume control, voice reproducing selection, browser control, bio-identification, electronic musical instrument, the recreation or the like.The type by the function of user's control that can utilize that the embodiment of user input apparatus 100 implements depends on the type of the function that is provided prevailingly by portable electronic system 702.In addition, though Fig. 7 has specifically illustrated portable electronic system 702, other embodiment can be portable but be not necessarily the electronic installation that the user hands or be commonly referred to be to implement user input apparatus 100 in the not portable device.
Portable electronic system 702 comprises optical navigator 708.Have specific assembly and be described as implementing particular functionality here though optical navigator 708 is depicted as, other embodiment of optical navigator 708 can comprise still less or more assembly to implement still less or more function.
Illustrated optical navigator 708 comprises optical guidance circuit 710 and microcontroller (uC) 712.Generally speaking, optical guidance circuit 710 generates signal, and this signal indication is at finger or other Navigational Movements at user input apparatus 100 places.After the optical guidance circuit 710 one or more signals are sent to microcontroller 712.The exemplary types that is sent to the signal of microcontroller 712 from optical guidance circuit 710 comprises the passage orthogonal signal (channel quadrature signal) based on relative displacement value Δ X and Δ Y.Shift value Δ X and Δ Y can represent to be used for the specific pattern of fingerprint recognition or the vector of displacement, direction and size.These signals or other signals can represent to point and user input apparatus 100 between relative motion.Other embodiment of optical guidance circuit 710 can be sent to the signal of other types microcontroller 712.In certain embodiments, microcontroller 712 is implemented various functions, comprise to or send or receive data from mainframe computer system or other electronic installation (not shown), perhaps shift value is handled.
In order to generate navigation signal, the optical guidance circuit 710 that illustrates comprises driver 714, digital signal processor (DSP) 716 and image-taking system (IAS) 718.Image-taking system 718 comprises user input apparatus 100 and analogue-to-digital converters (ADC) 722.Other embodiment of optical guidance circuit 710 and/or image-taking system 718 can comprise still less or more assembly to implement still less or more function.
In one embodiment, the driver 714 of optical guidance circuit 710 is controlled the work of light sources 104, sends to the light signal on finger interface surface 114 with generation.Driver 714 can control to several different brightness levels with light source 104, and perhaps, driver 714 can come to light source 104 pulse to be provided along with detecting device ON/OFF signal is sent to sensor 106, thereby strengthens the system responses function for the expectation purpose.As stated, the light signal of warp reflection is then by sensor 106 receptions and the detection of user input apparatus 100.
In one embodiment, user input apparatus 100 generations are corresponding to one or more analog electrical signals of the incident light on the sensor 106.User input apparatus 100 sends to analogue-to-digital converters 722 with simulating signal then.Analogue-to-digital converters 722 are digital signal and then digital signal are sent to digital signal processor 716 from analog signal conversion electric signal.
After the analogue-to-digital converters 722 of image-taking system 718 received the signal of digital form, digital signal processor 716 can utilize electric signal to carry out extra processing at digital signal processor 716.As stated, digital signal processor 716 sends to microcontroller 712 with one or more signals then.In certain embodiments, digital signal processor 716 comprises navigation module 720, to generate transverse movement information based on the transverse movement of pointing with respect to finger interface surface 114.Other embodiment of navigation module 720 can generate the movable information of other types.
More specifically; In one embodiment; The sensor 106 of user input apparatus 100 comprises the array (not shown) of being made up of individual photodetector; For example, 16 * 16 or 32 * 32 arrays of individual photodetector, this array are constructed to detect the light of the illuminated point reflection from the finger interface surface 114.Each photodetector in the sensor 106 generates the intensity signal with the output of digital value (for example, 8 bit digital value) form.Image information is that unit obtains by sensor 106 with the frame, and wherein the frame of image information comprises one group of value of obtaining simultaneously for each the individuals photoelectric detector in the sensor 106.It can be programmable with following the tracks of resolution that picture frame obtains speed.In an embodiment, picture frame obtains speed range up to per second 2300 frames, and has the resolution of per inch 800 points (CPI).Though some examples that provide frame to obtain speed and resolution can expect that other frame obtains speed and resolution.
The picture frame in succession that navigation module 720 compares from sensor 106 is with moving of the characteristics of image between definite frame.Especially, navigation module 720 is through being correlated with definite moving to the common trait that exists in the subsequent image frame from sensor 106.Mobile between the picture frame is expressed as the for example form of the motion vector (for example Δ X and Δ Y) of X and Y direction.Use motion vector to confirm the motion of input media 100 afterwards with respect to navigation surface.The more detailed description of the example of navigation sensor mobile tracking technology is provided in following document; And they all are combined in here by reference: the United States Patent (USP) 5 that is entitled as " NAVIGATION TECHNIQUE FOR DETECTING MOVEMENT OF NAVIGATION SENSORS RELATIVE TO AN OBJECT "; 644; 139 and the United States Patent (USP) 6 that is entitled as " METHOD OF CORRELATING IMMEDIATELY ACQUIRED AND PREVIOUSLY STORED FEATURE INFORMATION FOR MOTING SENSING "; 222,174.
Fig. 8 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of method 800 of having described to be used to use the optical finger navigation of LGF.Though specifically, can combine other optical finger navigation systems or user input apparatus to come some embodiment of implementation method 800 with reference to optical finger navigation device 100.
At piece 802 places, light source 104 is luminous.Though can adopt the light source of many other types, light source 104 can be light emitting diode (LED) or laser instrument.At piece 804 places, light shines the LGF 102 with finger interface surface 114 as stated.LGF 102 shows TIR at least in part.
At piece 806 places, sensor 106 detects the light towards sensor 106 reflections from LGF 102.Sensor 106 detects the change of the internal reflection that is shown by LGF 102 that the contact based on finger 210 is brought and makes the change of corresponding light pattern.In certain embodiments, sensor 106 detects the change of the light pattern that is caused with the interaction on finger interface surface 114 by one or more fingerprint peakses 302 and fingerprint paddy 304.In a particular embodiment, sensor 106 detects the change of the light pattern that is caused with the interaction of finger 210 by one or more non-planar elements 402.At piece 808 places, sensor 106 is based on detected photogenerated navigation signal.
Fig. 9 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of having described to be used to make the method for the optical finger navigation device 100 that uses LGF 102.Though specific reference optical finger navigation device 100, some embodiment of method 900 can implement with other optical finger navigation systems or user input apparatus.
At piece 902 places, form LGF 102.Can use any process to form LGF 102, include but not limited to roll-to-roll extrusion modling, physical deposition, chemogenic deposit and fusion spin coating (melt spinning).The forming process of employed particular type can be decided by the expectation function of LGF 102.For example, being used for making the forming process of the LGF that is used for the commercial lighting purpose can be with to be used for making the forming process of LGF that is used for illuminating at phone key label different.At piece 904 places, on LGF 102, form non-planar elements 402.In certain embodiments, non-planar elements 402 at least in part projection exceed the first type surface 112 of LGF 102.In alternative embodiment, non-planar elements 402 comprises the depression of first type surface 112 belows that extend to LGF 102.Can use any method to form non-planar elements 402, include but not limited to impression, range upon range of (layering), nano impression, molded and shaped, etching, printing, bonding and spraying.In certain embodiments, non-planar elements 402 can be incorporated in the body membrane (bulk film) in the finger areas 114, and the identical optical function that as the description of element 402, produces is provided.For example, in certain embodiments, can in LGF102, form nanosphere (for example, little air bubble or sapphire ball).Between nanosphere (not shown) and LGF 102, take place refractive index than about-face, make light that bigger but static scattering take place.Therefore, finger will cause the change of scattering strength.
At piece 906 places, LGF 102 is coupled to the sensor 106 of detection by the light of non-planar elements 402 scatterings.In one embodiment, LGF 102 is coupled to sensor 106 through for example utilizing the low-refraction bonding agent to bond.In another embodiment, LGF 102 utilizes the low-refraction encapsulants 602 between LGF 102 and the sensor 106 to be coupled to sensor 106.In certain embodiments, LGF 102 is coupled to sensor 106 via distance piece 206.
At piece 908 places, light source 104 is coupled into LGF 102 and optically is communicated with.Light source 104 can be coupled to LGF102 with any way that allows light to propagate to get into LGF 102 from light source 104.
The specific embodiment of user input apparatus 100 has been described with reference to figure 1-9.Describe another embodiment with reference to figure 10-16, wherein user input apparatus is encapsulated on the circuit board substrate.Particularly, Figure 10-12 illustrates the particular step in the assembling process of optical finger navigation device, and Figure 13-16 has described the side view and the vertical view of amplification of some details of the optical finger navigation device of Figure 10-12.
Figure 10 is the stereographic map of the optical finger navigation device 1000 of part assembling, and wherein optical finger navigation device 1000 comprises circuit board substrate 1010, sensor 106 and light source 104, and wherein sensor and light source are with top described those are similar with reference to figure 1-9.In the embodiment of Figure 10, circuit board substrate is a rigidity multilager base plate known in the art.The conductive path (not shown) extends to flexible circuit board substrate 1012 from the conduction disc on the circuit board substrate.Flexible circuit board substrate provides conductive path and conduction disc, and it makes guider can be electrically connected to the portable electronic system (such as portable electronic system 702) at optical finger navigation device place.In the embodiment of Figure 10, comprise that the optical guidance circuit 710 of sensor 106 is installed to circuit board substrate with light source 104 at the tube core installed position of appointment.Though can use other electric connection technology, optical guidance circuit and light source are capable of using to be electrically connected to circuit board substrate based on silicon renucleation (TSV).Optical guidance circuit and light source are installed to after the circuit board substrate, and LGF is installed to circuit board substrate.
Figure 11 be after LGF 102 has been installed to circuit board substrate 1010, the stereographic map of optical finger navigation device 1000.In the embodiment of Figure 11, LGF is laminated on the top major surface of circuit board substrate.For example, utilize the low glue of refractive index ratio LGF that LGF is laminated on the circuit board substrate.Glue should have the refractive index lower than LGF, so that in LGF, keep TIR.In alternative embodiment, between LGF and circuit board substrate, keep the gap, this gap accommodates the low fluid of refractive index ratio LGF, such as air.Shown in figure 11, the first type surface 112 of LGF be parallel with circuit board substrate and with the parallel plane plane surface of sensor 106.LGF also disposes the hole corresponding with the position of light source 104 1014.The hole is formed by the lateral edges 1014 of LGF, and in the embodiment of Figure 11, though other configurations of lateral edges also are fine, the lateral edge of LGF is vertical with the first type surface of LGF.The feasible light from light source in the hole among the LGF and the position of light source can be injected among the LGF through the lateral edge of LGF.Though light source is arranged in the hole of LGF, in other embodiments, LGF does not comprise that hole and light source are positioned at the lateral edges place of periphery of the composition LGF of LGF.Other configurations of LGF and light source also are fine, as long as light is injected among the LGF with the angle that causes TIR.After LGF is connected to the optical finger navigation device, can ornamental capping be installed on the device.
Figure 12 is the stereographic map that ornamental capping 1018 optical finger navigation device 1000 afterwards has been installed.In the embodiment of Figure 12, ornamental capping is the molded shell of plastics, the outward flange of its covering board substrate 1010 but part of LGF 102 is kept exposing.The expose portion of LGF makes the user of optical finger navigation device can finger be placed on the top, position of sensor at least corresponding to the position of sensor.In the embodiment of Figure 12, ornamental capping lobed peripheral 1020 provides tactile feedback with the user to device.Tactile feedback gives the user of device tactile cue with the ideal position of user's finger.Especially, the protuberance of ornamental capping guides to user's finger the appropriate location of optical navigator.Other embodiment of ornamental capping also are fine, and comprise the embodiment that tactile feedback is not provided.Ornamental capping can be configured to follow the design requirement that device is installed in specific electronic system wherein.In an embodiment, optical finger navigation device shown in Figure 12 can be installed in the handheld electronic communication device such as smart phone etc.
Figure 13 is the sectional view of the optical finger navigation device 1000 of Figure 12.The sectional view of Figure 13 is not proportional with the size of Figure 12, and is provided to the space layout of illustrated circuit board substrate 1010, sensor 106, light source 104 and ornamental capping 1018.In the embodiment of Figure 13, circuit board substrate comprises the conductive layer 1022 between two non-conductive layers 1024 and 1026.Sensor electrical is connected to the trace (trace) in the conductive layer, and can physically be installed to one in non-conductive layer and/or conductive layer.Though in Figure 13, do not describe particularly, sensor (with and the interior optical guidance circuit 710 that has encapsulated sensor) utilize TSV to be electrically connected to conductive layer, but other physical connections also are fine with being electrically connected.
In the embodiment of Figure 13; Utilize the low glue of refractive index ratio LGF that LGF 102 is laminated on the top layer 1024 of circuit board substrate, and the hole 1014 at light source place is filled with transparent epoxy resin, protection and discharge (ESD) protection light source is provided mechanical aspects.
In the embodiment of Figure 13, space 1030 is present between the bottom major surface of sensor 106 and LGF 102.The space can be filled with air or some other fluids or solid material.In alternative embodiment, LGF can directly be laminated on the top of sensor or sensor package.
In the above-described embodiments, the non-planar elements 402 and 502 on the first type surface 112 of LGF 102 can be used for increasing at 114 places, finger interface surface the light quantity of leaving the amount of the light of LGF 102, passing through user's finger scattering/reflection with increase.The non-planar elements of describing with reference to figure 4A, 4B and Fig. 5 is the characteristic of more than the plane of the first type surface of LGF, extending.In another embodiment, LGF disposes the array of the characteristic below the plane of the first type surface that is positioned at LGF.The array of " light extraction features portion " makes light near 114 places, finger interface surface or its, leave LGF.Make light leave LGF by light extraction features portion, so user input apparatus 100 does not rely on finger contact (and the TIR that is produced by the surface in contact place change) and makes light leave LGF near 114 places, finger interface surface or its.
Position, intensity and the angle of the light of LGF left in the position of light extraction features portion, layout and shape control.The position of light extraction features portion is selected as corresponding with the position of sensor 106, makes the light that is reflected by user's finger be incident on the sensor.In Figure 13, pointed out the example 1032 of the position of light extraction features portion.The position of characteristic, layout and shape are chosen as ideally, make to leave the light quantity optimization of LGF and make light leave the angle optimization of LGF.In an embodiment, the position of light extraction features portion, layout and shape are selected as DE Specular Lighting and the shade of strengthening in user's finger.
Figure 14 A is the vertical view with respect to the array of the light extraction features 1034 among the position of sensor 106, the LGF 102.Characteristic on the top major surface of LGF with 19 * 19 depressed part array configurations.In the embodiment of Figure 14 A, it is thick that LGF is about 50 μ m, and each feature is the depressed part of the 10 μ m * 10 μ m * 10 μ m in the top major surface 112 of LGF.In addition, a mask of each 10 μ m * 10 μ m * 10 μ m depressed parts has the cylindrical chamfering of 10 μ m radiuses.The fillet surface of light extraction features portion is oriented to towards the position of light source 104, to extract the part of light towards user's finger from LGF.Ideally, light extraction features portion extracts enough light so that can follow the tracks of accurately, but is not that so much light makes mobile tracking become coarse so that the quality of characteristics of image is reduced to.
Figure 14 B is from the LGF 102 of Figure 14 A sectional view at profile line A-A place.It is that plane at the top major surface 112 of LGF is with the depressed part among the LGF that extends below that Figure 14 B illustrates light extraction features portion 1034.In the embodiment of Figure 14 B, the fillet surface 1036 of light extraction features portion faces the position of light source 104, makes the light of injecting 1038 be incident in the light extraction features portion at the fillet surface place.Especially, in Figure 14 B, light is propagated through LGF owing to TIR and is run into the fillet surface of one of light extraction features portion then.The angle of fillet surface can not cause TIR and therefore light leave LGF.During when the user's finger contact or very near LGF, the light that leaves LGF is reflected.A catoptrical part will be to returning through LGF and by sensor.
Figure 15 has described the stereographic map of the embodiment of one of light extraction features portion from Figure 14 A and 14B.In the embodiment of Figure 15, light extraction features portion is the depressed part of the 10 μ m * 10 μ m * 10 μ m among the LGF, and a face 1036 of depressed part is rounded or chamfering with the radius of 10 μ m.Though described some examples of position, layout and the shape of light extraction features portion array here, other positions, layout and shape are fine.
User's finger that Figure 16 has described in the position of light extraction features portion, contacted with LGF.User's finger will cause the corresponding sports of the navigation sign in portable electronic system with respect to the transverse movement of sensor.
In an embodiment, directly over sensor, the range of exposures on the LGF of the about 1mm * 1mm of expectation.In an embodiment, LGF can dye desired color.For example, LGF can dye make infrared light through in human viewer is presented black.
Though illustrated and described the operation of the method here with particular order, can change the sequence of operation of each method, can partly carry out specific operation simultaneously at least so that can carry out specific operation or make with other operations with reverse order.In another embodiment, can implement the instruction or the child-operation of unique operation with intermittence and/or the mode that replaces.
Though described and shown specific embodiment of the present invention, the invention is not restricted to particular form or the arrangements of components describing and illustrate here.Scope of the present invention is limited claim and full scope of equivalents thereof.
The cross reference of related application
The application is the same pending application No.12/487 that submitted on January 23rd, 2009; 191 continuation in part application; And be the same pending application No.12/487 that submitted on June 18th, 2009,359 continuation in part application, whole disclosures of these two applications are incorporated into this by reference.
Claims (20)
1. optical finger navigation device comprises:
Light-guiding film (LGF), at least a portion of wherein said LGF show total internal reflection (TIR);
Light source, its light source and said LGF optical communication, and be configured to light is injected among the said LGF;
Sensor, it is configured to the light from said LGF outgoing is being detected after the finger reflection near said LGF; And
Navigation module, it is configured in response to generating transverse movement information from the reflection of said finger and by the light of said sensor, and said transverse movement information is indicated the transverse movement of said finger with respect to said sensor.
2. optical finger navigation device according to claim 1, the thickness of wherein said LGF is between 10 microns and 100 microns.
3. optical finger navigation device according to claim 2 also comprises circuit board substrate, and wherein said light source, said sensor and said navigation module are connected to said circuit board substrate, and wherein said LGF is laminated to said circuit board substrate.
4. optical finger navigation device according to claim 1, wherein said LGF comprises first type surface and lateral edges, and wherein said light source is configured at said lateral edges place light is injected among the said LGF.
5. optical finger navigation device according to claim 1, wherein said LGF comprise a plurality of light extraction features portion, said a plurality of light extraction features portion make light through with said sensor opposite surfaces from said LGF outgoing.
6. optical finger navigation device according to claim 5, wherein said a plurality of light extraction features portion is included in a plurality of depressed parts at the first type surface place of said LGF.
7. optical finger navigation device according to claim 5, wherein said a plurality of light extraction features portion is formed in the said LGF.
8. optical finger navigation device according to claim 1; Wherein said LGF comprises first type surface with planar section and at least in part in a plurality of non-planar elements that have outside the plane of said planar section, wherein said non-planar elements makes light from said LGF outgoing.
9. optical finger navigation device according to claim 8, wherein said non-planar elements comprise a plurality of light extraction features portion of the below of the said first type surface that is recessed to said LGF.
10. optical finger navigation device according to claim 8, wherein said a plurality of light extraction features portion comprises the array of the depressed part with cylindrical chamfering.
11. optical finger navigation device according to claim 8, wherein said a plurality of non-planar elements are shaped as the high bright and shade of the minute surface of reinforcement in said finger.
12. an optical finger navigation device, it comprises:
Circuit board substrate;
Sensor, it is connected to said circuit board substrate, and said sensor comprises individual array of photo detectors;
Light-guiding film (LGF), its be installed to said circuit board substrate and, be placed with near said sensor so that said sensor between at least a portion of said circuit board substrate and said LGF;
Light source, it is installed to said circuit board substrate and is configured to light is injected in the edge surface of said LGF; And
Navigation module, it is configured in response to generating transverse movement information from finger reflection and by the light of said sensor, and said transverse movement information is indicated the transverse movement of said finger with respect to said sensor.
13. optical finger navigation device according to claim 11, the thickness of wherein said LGF are between 10 microns and 100 microns, and wherein said LGF is laminated to said circuit board substrate.
14. optical finger navigation device according to claim 11, wherein said LGF comprise a plurality of light extraction features portion.
15. a portable electronic system, it comprises:
Display, it comprises the navigation sign;
The optical finger navigation device, it is configured to based on the change of detected light pattern, generating the navigation signal that is used for moving said navigation sign according to finger with respect to the motion of said optical finger navigation device, and said optical finger navigation device comprises:
Light-guiding film (LGF), at least a portion of wherein said LGF show total internal reflection (TIR);
Light source, itself and said LGF optical communication, and be configured to light is injected among the said LGF;
Sensor, it is configured to the light from said LGF outgoing is being detected after the finger reflection near said LGF; And
Navigation module, it is configured in response to generating transverse movement information from the reflection of said finger and by the light of said sensor, and said transverse movement information is indicated the transverse movement of said finger with respect to said sensor.
16. portable hand-held electronic system according to claim 15, wherein said LGF comprises a plurality of light extraction features portion, and said a plurality of light extraction features portion makes light from said LGF outgoing.
17. portable hand-held electronic system according to claim 15, wherein said LGF comprises first type surface, and wherein said a plurality of light extraction features portion is included in a plurality of depressed parts at the first type surface place among the said LGF.
18. portable hand-held electronic system according to claim 15, the thickness of wherein said LGF is between 10 microns and 100 microns.
19. portable hand-held electronic system according to claim 15, wherein said LGF comprises first type surface and lateral edges, and wherein said light source is configured at said lateral edges place light is injected among the said LGF.
20. portable hand-held electronic system according to claim 15; The thickness of wherein said LGF is between 10 microns and 100 microns and comprise a plurality of light extraction features portion of light from said LGF outgoing that make; And wherein said LGF comprises first type surface and lateral edges, and wherein said light source is configured at the said lateral edges place of said LGF light is injected among the said LGF.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/029,766 US8797298B2 (en) | 2009-01-23 | 2011-02-17 | Optical fingerprint navigation device with light guide film |
| US13/029,766 | 2011-02-17 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102707814A true CN102707814A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
| CN102707814B CN102707814B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN201210039054.XA Active CN102707814B (en) | 2011-02-17 | 2012-02-17 | There is the optical finger navigation device of light-guiding film |
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| CN (1) | CN102707814B (en) |
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| CN102707814B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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