CN102706451A - High-precision spectrum analyzer using stimulated Brillouin light loss mechanism - Google Patents
High-precision spectrum analyzer using stimulated Brillouin light loss mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN102706451A CN102706451A CN2012102338846A CN201210233884A CN102706451A CN 102706451 A CN102706451 A CN 102706451A CN 2012102338846 A CN2012102338846 A CN 2012102338846A CN 201210233884 A CN201210233884 A CN 201210233884A CN 102706451 A CN102706451 A CN 102706451A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision spectrum analyzer using a stimulated Brillouin light loss mechanism in an all-wave fiber. By using the characteristic of wide inherent stimulated Brillouin scattering crest line of the all-wave fiber, based on the stimulated Brillouin light loss effect in the fiber, optical power loss is detected when output light of a scanning laser (TLS) generates stimulated Brillouin interaction in the all-wave fiber together with a to-be-detected signal (SUT) light for carrying out spectral measurement and analysis, and an ultra-high precision spectrogram of the SUT light is obtained. In a spectral analysis process, a constant-temperature device is used for eliminating frequency shift (about 11GHz) drift caused by temperature change of stimulated Brillouin scattering in the fiber, and further the precision and the reliability of the high-precision spectrum analyzer are improved; and meanwhile, a temperature and drive current tunable distributed feedback semiconductor laser is creatively used as a wavelength scanning laser light source, so that the high-precision spectrum analyzer has the characteristics of low cost, high reliability, flexibility and convenience.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of high precision spectroanalysis instrument of surveying unknown spectrum through excited Brillouin optical power loss in the measurement all-wave fiber; Specifically be according to a kind of occur in the all-wave fiber at the output light of wavelength continuous sweep laser instrument (TLS) and from the stimulated Brillouin effect between measured signal (SUT) light of external unit; The luminous power of the loss in interacting with above-mentioned measured signal light of the output light through surveying above-mentioned scanned laser records the spectrum of measured signal light; Specifically comprise scanned laser (1), optical isolator (2), certain-length all-wave fiber (3); Polarization Controller (4); Optics circulator (5), photodetector (6), data acquisition process and control system (7) and thermostat (8).
Background technology
U.S. Pat 7405820B2 has explained a kind of spectral analysis apparatus that uses stimulated Brillouin scattering; Its utilize Brillouin light enlarge-effect in the optical fiber and survey interact in the gain of luminous power of measured signal come to measured signal that light carries out spectral measurement, with this patent similar technical background is arranged.Also has mentioned the frequency spectrum that utilizes Brillouin scattering among the Chinese patent CN101246056A and measured, but its technical field belongs to distribution type fiber-optic temperature and strain gauge, and technical background and summary of the invention all patent is different fully therewith.Spain scholar (J.M.Sub í as Domingo; J.Pelayo; F.Villuendas, C.D.Heras, and E.Pellejer) at IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS; 2005; 17 (4): proposed the high precision spectrometer based on optical fiber stimulated Brillouin scattering in the 855-857 article, its used light source is an exocoel tuner-type Wavelength-swept laser, also be utilize Brillouin light enlarge-effect in the optical fiber and survey interact in the gain of luminous power of measured signal come flashlight is carried out spectral measurement.
Among the present invention there be topmost innovative step: (1) utilize the optical loss effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering in the optical fiber rather than before the report gain of light effect improve spectral measurement stability and the reduction system to the photodetector performance demands; (2) use all-wave (All wave) optical fiber as the interactional medium of stimulated Brillouin scattering takes place, the live width that its purpose is to compress the stimulated Brillouin scattering peak is to improve spectral resolution; (3) use thermostat to eliminate stimulated Brillouin scattering in the optical fiber because the frequency shift amount drift that temperature change causes reaches the purpose of raising spectral measurement precision; (4) the tunable distributed feedback type semiconductor laser of serviceability temperature and drive current replaces expensive exocoel tuner-type laser instrument as the length scanning LASER Light Source.
Compare with the current spectrometer based on the grating principle, this spectroanalysis instrument has the spectral resolution and the bigger dynamic power measurement range of higher order of megahertz.
Summary of the invention
The invention belongs to high precision spectral measurement methods field, a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber is provided, realized superhigh precision spectrum measurement and analysis, and very big range of dynamic measurement is arranged.
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber; It is characterized in that: by scanned laser (1), optical isolator (2), certain-length all-wave fiber (3); Polarization Controller (4); Optics circulator (5), photodetector (6), data acquisition process and control system (7) and thermostat (8) are formed.
The principle of the stimulated Brillouin scattering in the optical fiber: from two ports difference incident two-beams of one section optical fiber; When two-beam transmits in this section optical fiber in opposite directions; If this moment two-beam difference on the frequency to plant the brillouin frequency shifts (about 11GHz) of optical fiber therewith close or equal; Between this two-beam energy transfer phenomenon will take place so---the part incident light that the two-beam medium frequency is high is excited sound scattering and is changed into the low light of another bundle frequency; And satisfy the energy and the law of conservation of momentum simultaneously; The intensity of two-beam was proportional when the luminous power of its transfer and they took place to interact, and this phenomenon is called optical fiber stimulated Brillouin (Brillouin) scattering effect.The incident light that its medium frequency is high is called pump light, and the incident light that frequency is low is called stokes light, and the microscopic explanation of stimulated Brillouin scattering is: (its frequency is v to the photon of pump light
0) (its frequency is v with the photon of stokes light
0-Δ v, wherein Δ v is about 11GHz) when in optical fiber, the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect taking place, a pump photon is buried in oblivion, produce simultaneously a heterodromous Stokes photon and homodromous acoustical phonon (its frequency be Δ v).Stimulated Brillouin scattering effect typical phenomenon is: the luminous power of pump light reduces to increase with the luminous power of stokes light, when reducing to find out the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect through the luminous power of measuring pump light, is referred to as the stimulated Brillouin optical loss effect; And when finding out the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect through the luminous power increase of measuring stokes light; Be referred to as the stimulated Brillouin optical enhancement effect; They are two viewing angles of this physical phenomenon of stimulated Brillouin scattering; And on concrete implementation, there are differences, such as the position of photodetector in optical fiber link and the method for late time data processing.
Utilization of the present invention be the stimulated Brillouin optical loss effect in the optical fiber; Through the optical power value that is lost in direct detection pump light (what play the pump light effect in the present invention is the output light of scanned laser (1)) and measured signal light (9) interaction from external unit; Obtain taking place this moment in the measured signal light (9) optical power value of the frequency spectrum component of stimulated Brillouin scattering effect with this, use Wavelength-swept laser to come LINEAR CONTINUOUS to change pumping light frequency v
0Just can obtain the luminous power numerical value at the different frequency value place of measured signal light in the scanning spectral range.With the above-mentioned compared with techniques of utilizing the stimulated Brillouin optical enhancement effect; Detection Techniques based on the stimulated Brillouin optical loss effect have following advantage: what the Brillouin light gain techniques was surveyed is the variable power of measured signal light; So in the process of photoscanning; If the power of flashlight this moment, environment artificial owing to certain or its intrinsic reason make its power increase suddenly; This variable power also can be taken as because the result that the excited Brillouin enhancement effect produces will produce wrong results of spectral measurements; And what utilize that Brillouin light loss technology surveys is that the power of scanned laser reduces; The emergent light power of scanned laser is very stable usually; Also be measurable and handle through late time data and to proofread and correct even its output power has small fluctuating; And the performance of measured signal light is unpredictable with stability, therefore adopts the Detection Techniques of stimulated Brillouin optical loss effect in actual measurement, can more stablize and reduce the generation that mistake is surveyed situation.
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber; It is characterized in that: Usage data collection is handled and temperature and the drive current of control system (7) through accurate gated sweep laser instrument (TLS) (1); The output power that realizes output of LINEAR CONTINUOUS wavelength and wavelength component is stable, exports the pump light of light as stimulated Brillouin scattering with this.
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber; It is characterized in that: scanned laser (TLS) (1) is temperature and the tunable distributed feedback type semiconductor laser of drive current; This laser output wavelength changes along with the change of drive current and temperature fast, and its output power keeps constant when wavelength shift.
Above-mentioned scanned laser is compared with United States Patent (USP) and the tuning scanned laser of the employed exocoel of Spain scholar and is improved: at first; What the thermal tuning mode was used is that TEC TEC (having another name called semiconductor cooler) does not exist any moving component or flow system cryogen; Freedom from vibration is strong and sturdy and durable; Decide realization refrigeration or heating through the polarity that changes DC current, simple and convenient; Secondly, drive current is tuning also without any need for movable part, has outstanding anti-vibration interference capability equally; The drive current adjustment mode can realize tuning fast and accurately in addition.Comparatively speaking, thermal tuning speed is slow but wavelength tuning range is big, and the drive current tuned speed is very fast but wavelength tuning range is narrow.Comprehensive above two kinds of tuning manners can be taken into account tuned speed and tuning range, make this scanned laser have low cost, high reliability and flexible characteristics.
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber; It is characterized in that: be input in the certain-length all-wave fiber (3) through the output light of optical isolator (2), and stop optical transmission direction is opposite therewith light to get in the scanned laser (1) and it is formed disturb scanned laser.
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber is characterized in that: utilize certain-length all-wave fiber (3) as the interactional generation medium of stimulated Brillouin scattering effect.
Above-mentioned all-wave fiber (3) mainly contains two effects: the first is as the interaction medium that the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect takes place, the media that carries out the energy transfer between the output light that scanned laser (1) is provided and the measured signal light (9); It two is that employed all-wave fiber has narrower stimulated Brillouin scattering peak, plays the effect that improves spectral resolution.For example; In the SMF-28 single-mode fiber; The live width at stimulated Brillouin scattering peak is about 30MHz; But this live width has only 20MHz in above-mentioned all-wave fiber, and the live width of using ad hoc approach can also further compress the stimulated Brillouin scattering peak reaches about 3MHz, the resolution of the raising spectral measurement analytical equipment that this will be bigger.
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber is characterized in that: (Δ that is the above-mentioned 11GHz of being about v) changes the precision that the frequency drift that produces improves spectral measurement with ambient temperature for all-wave fiber (3) provides the frequency shift amount of isoperibol protection to eliminate stimulated Brillouin scattering to utilize thermostat (8).
Temperature in the above-mentioned thermostat (8) be traditionally arranged to be with external environment near and keep constant.In normal environment temperature, 1 degree centigrade of stimulated Brillouin scattering frequency shift amount of the every variation of fiber optic temperature will change about 1.3MHz, and when being equivalent near 1550 nano wave lengths, wavelength shift is 10 femtometres (10 * 10
-15Rice).And this wavelength shift and spectral measurement and analytical equipment are suitable in the resolution of above-mentioned wavelength, so thermostat (8) is necessary, otherwise the measuring accuracy of spectral measurement and analytical equipment and consistance will seriously descend.
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber; It is characterized in that: utilize Polarization Controller (4) to control and get into the interaction polarized state of light that takes place in the interactional certain-length all-wave fiber (3), with enhanced stimulated Brillouin scattering effect.
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber; It is characterized in that: utilize optics circulator (5) that measured signal (SUT) light (9) is input to and take place in the interactional certain-length all-wave fiber (3); And stoping the light that optical transmission direction is opposite therewith to enter into measured signal (SUT) light source and form interference, the output light of the scanned laser that will transmit in opposite direction simultaneously outputs in the photodetector (6).
Described a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber; It is characterized in that: adopt data acquisition process and control system (7) to come uniform dispatching management entire equipment to carry out the output wavelength scanning of scanned laser (1); The temperature of thermostat (8) keeps; And from photodetector (6) acquired signal and carry out the filtering amplification and the calculation process operation of Fourier transform and the amount of power dissipation of accurately extracting the TLS emergent light; And after above-mentioned management and running and arithmetic operation, draw out the spectrogram of measured signal (SUT) light (9) from external unit and then final process result is exported demonstration according to user's operation and equipment Set For Current, make the user be able to flexible observation.
In above-mentioned data acquisition process and control system (7) in order to draw out the spectrogram of measured signal (9) light; Need to confirm measured signal light (9) in the wavelength coverage that the scanning of scanned laser (1) output wavelength is surveyed all wavelengths (perhaps frequency) component and in data acquisition process and control system (7) corresponding relation between the optical power value of resulting above-mentioned wavelength component; And then the output wave long value that needs accurate gated sweep laser instrument and above-mentioned data acquisition process and the middle part of data acquisition of control system (7) the strict corresponding relation between signal collected; In said system (7), comprised a high-precision timer thus and produced the start pulse signal of part of data acquisition in synchronous scanning laser instrument (1) and the said system (7), and used the time reference of the rising edge of this pulse signal as above-mentioned synchronous operation.
Advantage of the present invention: the present invention utilizes the spectrally resolved precision of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of the mechanism of excited Brillouin optical loss in the all-wave fiber higher; Can reach more than the 0.1pm order of magnitude; Have very high precision and stability when reaching the spectrally resolved ability of superhigh precision, and because the Photodetection system and the method for particular design make the power dynamics scope of measured signal (SUT) light surpass 70dB.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of high precision spectral measurement of excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber and synoptic diagram of analytical equipment of utilizing.Part among this figure in the frame of broken lines is spectral measurement and analytical equipment, and two arrows are represented the transmission direction of light in the appropriate section light path respectively.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is high precision spectral measurement and an analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber, comprises scanned laser (1); Optical isolator (2); Certain-length all-wave fiber (3), Polarization Controller (4), optics circulator (5); Photodetector (6), data acquisition process and control system (7) and thermostat (8).
Carry out continuous wavelength scanning output with certain sweep velocity in the wavelength coverage that data acquisition process and control system (7) temperature and the driving current value through tuning scanned laser (1) is implemented in a setting; Scanned laser (1) is during scanning process; Its output power is invariable; And output light gets into Polarization Controller (4) through optical isolator (2); Through being input to after the polarization state adjusting as in the certain-length all-wave fiber (3) that the interaction medium takes place; Stimulated Brillouin scattering takes place with the measured signal that comes from external unit (SUT) light (9) that gets into all-wave fiber (3) through optics circulator (5); The optical power loss amount of using photodetector (6) to come detection scanning laser instrument (1), and detectable signal is real-time transmitted in the Data Acquisition and Conversion System (DACS) (7), the synchronized relation of length scanning and optical power detecting between strict gated sweep laser instrument (1) and the photodetector (6) simultaneously; Confirm the frequency (also can be wavelength) and the corresponding magnitude of power of the above-mentioned measured signal light (9) of generation stimulated Brillouin scattering with this, and obtain the complete frequency spectrum image of measured signal light (9).
Above-mentioned wavelength coverage is by the common decision of the initial default value of equipment and user's setting value institute, and the factors such as precision of comprehensive optical fiber self-characteristic and spectroanalysis instrument consider, the wavelength coverage operated by rotary motion between 40 to 0.1 nanosection in; And above-mentioned sweep velocity also is that the user is optional, and is divided into several different sweep velocity shelves, metre per second (m/s)s in 100 for example, 10 nanometer per seconds, several stepping speed such as 0.5 nanometer per second.
Synchronized relation between above-mentioned length scanning and the optical power detecting produces start pulse signal through the timer that uses 32 precision as trigger signal source, and the rising edge of this start pulse signal is as benchmark lock in time of realizing above-mentioned synchronized relation.
Claims (9)
1. a high precision spectral measurement and an analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber belongs to high precision spectral measurement methods field, by scanned laser (1); Optical isolator (2); Certain-length all-wave fiber (3), Polarization Controller (4), optics circulator (5); Photodetector (6), data acquisition process and control system (7) and thermostat (8) are formed.
2. a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: Usage data collection is handled and temperature and the drive current of control system (7) through accurate gated sweep laser instrument (TLS) (1); The output power that realizes output of LINEAR CONTINUOUS wavelength and wavelength component is stable, exports the pump light of light as stimulated Brillouin scattering with this.
3. a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: scanned laser (TLS) (1) is temperature and the tunable distributed feedback type semiconductor laser of drive current; This laser output wavelength changes along with the change of drive current and temperature fast, and its output power keeps constant when wavelength shift.
4. a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: be input in the certain-length all-wave fiber (3) through the output light of optical isolator (2), and stop optical transmission direction is opposite therewith light to get in the scanned laser (1) and it is formed disturb scanned laser.
5. a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: utilize certain-length all-wave fiber (3) as the interactional generation medium of stimulated Brillouin scattering effect; Employed all-wave fiber (3) for having eliminated near the 1385nm wavelength because there is the special optical fiber of the loss peak that is produced in the OH radical ion, such as AllWave zero water peak (ZWP) optical fiber of OFS company and improvement thereof the serial optical fiber of deriving.
6. a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: (Δ that is the above-mentioned 11GHz of being about v) changes the precision that the frequency drift that produces improves spectral measurement with ambient temperature for all-wave fiber (3) provides the frequency shift amount of isoperibol protection to eliminate stimulated Brillouin scattering to utilize thermostat (8).
7. a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: utilize Polarization Controller (4) to control and get into the interaction polarized state of light that takes place in the interactional certain-length all-wave fiber (3), with enhanced stimulated Brillouin scattering effect.
8. a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: utilize optics circulator (5) that measured signal (SUT) light (9) is input to and take place in the interactional certain-length all-wave fiber (3); And stoping the light that optical transmission direction is opposite therewith to enter into measured signal (SUT) light source and form interference, the output light of the scanned laser that will transmit in opposite direction simultaneously outputs in the photodetector (6).
9. a kind of high precision spectral measurement and analytical equipment of utilizing excited Brillouin optical loss mechanism in the all-wave fiber according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: adopt data acquisition process and control system (7) to come uniform dispatching management entire equipment to carry out the output wavelength scanning of scanned laser (1); The temperature of thermostat (8) keeps; And from photodetector (6) acquired signal and carry out the filtering amplification and the calculation process operation of Fourier transform and the amount of power dissipation of accurately extracting the TLS emergent light; And after above-mentioned management and running and arithmetic operation, draw out the spectrogram of measured signal (SUT) light (9) from external unit and then final process result is exported demonstration according to user's operation and equipment Set For Current, make the user be able to flexible observation.
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| CN103292903A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Spectrum analytical device and spectrum analytical method based on Brillouin dynamic grating |
| CN105277967A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Water tank physical model ultrasonic automatic detection system and method |
| CN105758433A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-13 | 南昌工程学院 | Distributed optical fiber sensing device based on Brillouin fiber laser |
| CN105865628A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-08-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Spectral analysis system and method based on stimulated Brillouin effect |
| CN106248208A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-21 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of the unrelated measurement of spectrum polarizing based on the depolarized structure of frequency domain |
| CN108955886A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-12-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of superelevation polarization spectrum analysis system and method |
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| CN103292903A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Spectrum analytical device and spectrum analytical method based on Brillouin dynamic grating |
| CN105277967A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Water tank physical model ultrasonic automatic detection system and method |
| CN105758433A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-07-13 | 南昌工程学院 | Distributed optical fiber sensing device based on Brillouin fiber laser |
| CN105758433B (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-04-03 | 南昌工程学院 | A kind of distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment based on Brillouin optical fiber laser |
| CN105865628A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-08-17 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | Spectral analysis system and method based on stimulated Brillouin effect |
| CN106248208A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-21 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of the unrelated measurement of spectrum polarizing based on the depolarized structure of frequency domain |
| CN106248208B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2017-11-17 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of apparatus and method of the unrelated measurement of spectrum polarizing based on the depolarized structure of frequency domain |
| WO2018010255A1 (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-01-18 | 华中科技大学 | Device and method for realizing spectral polarization independent measurement based on frequency domain depolarization structure |
| US10161792B2 (en) | 2016-07-13 | 2018-12-25 | Huazhong University Of Science And Technology | Device and method for realizing spectral polarization-independent measurement based on frequency domain depolarization structure |
| CN108955886A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-12-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of superelevation polarization spectrum analysis system and method |
| CN115655656A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-01-31 | 武汉光谷航天三江激光产业技术研究院有限公司 | System and method for testing stimulated Brillouin scattering frequency shift coefficient of optical fiber |
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