CN102706248A

CN102706248A - Two-dimensional displacement measurement device and method

Info

Publication number: CN102706248A
Application number: CN2012101547793A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高玉峰; 邱月; 黎冰; 沙成明; 郑翔
Original assignee: Hohai University HHU
Current assignee: Hohai University HHU
Priority date: 2012-05-18
Filing date: 2012-05-18
Publication date: 2012-10-03

Abstract

A two-dimensional displacement measurement device and measurement method. The device is made of a square measuring rod with scale, a first slide block and a second slide block with scale, and a small hanging hammer with string. The steps of the measurement method are: (1) Install the measuring device; (2) Adjust the positions of the first slider and the second slider so that the tip of the lower end of the small pendant hammer is just in contact with the measuring point of the object to be measured, and record the first and second sliders respectively. Readout for slider and second slider

and

; (3) When the position of the measured object changes in the vertical plane where the axis of the measuring rod is located, adjust the positions of the two sliders so that the tip of the small pendant hammer is in contact with the measuring point of the measured object, and record the position of the two sliders. reading

and

; (4) Obtain the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the measured object through calculation. The invention has the advantages that: the measuring device has a simple structure and is easy to install and disassemble; the square measuring rod can prevent the sliding block from rotating on a fixed axis during the measuring process, thereby improving the measuring accuracy; the manufacturing and using costs are low, and the measuring device has wide applicability.

Description

A kind of two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism and measuring method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of measurement mechanism, specifically relate to a kind of two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism and measuring method.

Background technology

At present, the measurement of object measured point displacement all is to use the one dimension displacement measurement mechanism, wherein, common one dimension displacement measurement mechanism has: laser interferometer, one dimensional optical chi, electronics gauge head, Magnetic ruler etc.Yet; When move general measured point in the plane both direction all can produce displacement; And being one dimension displacement measurement mechanism by two groups of quadratures mostly, the traditional two-dimensional displacement measuring device combines; Since the device singularity and complicacy, inevitably increased during use operating personnel the education and training cost, improved floating of professionals risk.Simultaneously, the measurement of carrying out two-dimension displacement with the mode of one dimension sensor combinations produces than mistake unavoidably, influence output result's precision.Therefore, how to provide a kind of cost low, simple to operate, two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism and method that precision is higher become the problem of needing solution badly.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism and measuring method, apparatus structure is simple, and cost is low, and is easy to operate, and can accurately measure the two-dimension displacement of measured point.

The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:

1, a kind of two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism, it is characterized in that this device by first slide block (2) and second slide block (3) of the sounding rod (1) of band scale, band scale, have a cord little sash weight (4) made; Wherein the end with the sounding rod (1) of scale is fixed on member or the body of wall (7); First slide block (2) and second slide block (3) are enclosed within respectively on the sounding rod (1) through the groove on it, and the cord other end that has a little sash weight (4) of cord is fixed on second slide block (3) after passing circular hole (5) and the circular hole (6) on second slide block (3) on first slide block (2) respectively.

2, described two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism, the sounding rod (1) that it is characterized in that described band scale is for square, and the scale on the sounding rod is positioned at square sounding rod end face, and 0 scale mark is at square sounding rod head end, and minimum division value is 1 millimeter.

3, described two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism is characterized in that described first slide block (2) and second slide block (3), structure identical; Be fluted body; Interior overall size and the outer sectional dimension of square sounding rod (1) are complementary, and the lower end of first slide block (2) and second slide block (3) is respectively arranged with circular hole (5) and the circular hole (6) that passes cord, and scale is positioned at the same side of slide block groove end face; 19 millimeters of scale length overalls, 20 equal portions, minimum division value are 0.95 millimeter; The little sash weight (4) that has cord, this little sash weight are conical, and circular cone is inverted cord of the interior connection of circular hole of upper end, and it is fixing that the other end of cord passes circular hole (6) knotting that penetrates again on second slide block (3) behind the circular hole (5) on first slide block (2).

4, a kind of measuring method of two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism, its measuring process is following:

The end that 1) will have a square sounding rod (1) of scale is fixed on member or the body of wall (7), guarantees sounding rod end face level;

2) first slide block (2) and second slide block (3) concave surface are enclosed within on the square sounding rod (1) up successively, and little sash weight (4) are gone up the circular hole (5) that the other end of cord passes respectively on first slide block (2) fix with the knotting of the back of the circular hole (6) on second slide block (3);

3) position of adjustment first slide block (2) and second slide block (3); Make that measuring point contacts just on tip, little sash weight lower end and the measured object; Reading

and

of record first slide block (2) this moment and second slide block (3); Reading mode is identical with 20 fens degree vernier calipers, and precision is 0.05 millimeter;

4) when the measured object position changes in square sounding rod (1) axis perpendicular of living in; Adjust the position of first slide block (2) and second slide block (3) once more; Make that measuring point contacts just on little sash weight (4) tip, lower end and the measured object, again reading and of record first slide block (2) this moment and second slide block (3);

5) can know through calculating; The horizontal shift of measured object is

; Vertical displacement is

; Wherein, horizontal shift and vertical displacement respectively with away from sounding rod terminal with straight up for just.

Advantage of the present invention

A kind of two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism that the present invention proposes is simple in structure, is easy to install and dismounting; Square sounding rod can prevent that limited slip block dead axle takes place rotates in measuring process, improved measuring accuracy; Manufacturing cost and use cost is low, has extensive applicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall operation synoptic diagram of two-dimension displacement measurement mechanism,

Fig. 2 is the slide block synoptic diagram, and A is a front elevation, and B is a side view,

Fig. 3 is square sounding rod and slide block end face scale synoptic diagram.

Reference numeral: the square sounding rod of 1 band scale; First slide block of 2 band scales; Second slide block of 3 band scales; 4 have the little sash weight of cord; Circular hole on 5 first slide blocks; Circular hole on 6 second slide blocks; 7 members or body of wall.

Embodiment

1, the square sounding rod (1) of used band scale utilizes stainless steel to process, and the outline sectional dimension is 3 centimetres of 3 cm x, and the range of end face scale is 70 centimetres, and minimum calibration is 1 millimeter; First slide block (2) and second slide block (3) adopt stainless steel to process, and the section of outline size is 3.1 centimetres of 3.1 cm x in the slide block, 19 millimeters of groove end face scale length overalls, 20 equal portions, and minimum division value is 0.95 millimeter; Little sash weight (4) is processed with stainless steel, and the top is connected with cord;

Square sounding rod (1) end that 2, will have scale utilizes bolt on body of wall, guarantees sounding rod (1) end face level; First slide block (2) and second slide block (3) concave surface were enclosed within on the sounding rod (1) towards the last time, and circular hole (5) and the knotting of the back of the circular hole (6) on second slide block that the cord other end on the little sash weight (4) is passed respectively on first slide block (2) are fixing; Adjust the position of first slide block (2) and second slide block (3), little sash weight (4) tip, lower end is contacted with caisson top measurement point just, this moment, the reading of first slide block (2) and second slide block (3) was respectively 62.3mm and 253.6mm; When caisson under external force the top to turning to away from the sounding rod end when stablizing; Adjust the position of first slide block (2) and second slide block (3); Make corresponding once more caisson top, little sash weight (4) tip, lower end measurement point, this moment, the reading of first slide block (2) and second slide block (3) was respectively 37.1mm and 231.7mm; Through calculating, the horizontal shift and the vertical displacement of caisson top measurement point are respectively: 25.2mm and 3.3mm.

Claims

1. A two-dimensional displacement measuring device, characterized in that the device consists of a measuring rod (1) with a scale, a first slider (2) and a second slider (3) with a scale, a small rope with a The end of the measuring rod (1) with scale is fixed on the member or wall (7), and the first slider (2) and the second slider (3) pass through it The grooves are set on the measuring rod (1) respectively, and the other end of the string of the small hanging hammer (4) with a string passes through the round hole (5) on the first slider (2) and the second slider respectively The circular hole (6) on (3) is fixed on the second slide block (3) behind.

2. The two-dimensional displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring rod (1) with scale is square, the scale on the measuring rod is located on the top surface of the square measuring rod, and the 0 scale line is measured on the square At the head end of the rod, the minimum division value is 1 mm.

3. The two-dimensional displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure of the first slider (2) and the second slider (3) are the same, both are groove type, and the inner contour size is the same as The dimensions of the outer section of the square measuring rod (1) match, the lower ends of the first slider (2) and the second slider (3) are provided with a round hole (5) and a round hole (6) passing through the string, and the scale is located on the slider On the same side of the top surface of the block groove, the total length of the scale is 19 mm, 20 equal parts, and the minimum division value is 0.95 mm.

4. The two-dimensional displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the small hanging hammer (4) with a string is conical, and a round hole at the upper end of the inverted cone is connected to a A thin rope, the other end of the thin rope passes through the round hole (5) of the first slider (2) and then passes through the round hole (6) of the second slider (3) to tie a knot and fix it.

5. A measuring method of a two-dimensional displacement measuring device, the measuring steps are as follows:

1) Fix the end of the square measuring rod (1) with scale on the component or wall (7) to ensure that the top surface of the measuring rod is horizontal;

2) Set the first slider (2) and the second slider (3) on the square measuring rod (1) in turn with the concave surface upward, and pass the other end of the string on the small pendant (4) through the second The round hole (5) on the first slider (2) and the round hole (6) on the second slider (3) are knotted and fixed;

3) Adjust the position of the first slider (2) and the second slider (3) so that the tip of the lower end of the small pendant (4) is just in contact with the measuring point on the object to be measured, record the first slider (2) at this time ) and the reading of the second slider (3)

and

, the reading method is the same as the twenty-degree vernier caliper, and the accuracy is 0.05 mm;

4) When the position of the measured object changes in the vertical plane where the axis of the square measuring rod (1) is located, adjust the positions of the first slider (2) and the second slider (3) again so that the small pendant ( 4) The tip of the lower end is just in contact with the measuring point on the measured object, and then record the readings of the first slider (2) and the second slider (3) at this time

and

;

5) Through calculation, it can be seen that the horizontal displacement of the measured object is , the vertical displacement is

Figure 2012101547793100001DEST_PATH_IMAGE012

, where the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement are respectively positive away from the end of the measuring rod and vertically upward.