CN102701992B - 一种抗肿瘤化合物及其药学上可接受的盐、及制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种抗肿瘤化合物及其药学上可接受的盐、及制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了通式I结构的含芳环的胺类化合物及其盐:式中:X代表CH或N原子,R1代表H原子、或F原子、或氯原子、或可被取代的烷基或可被取代的烷氧基,R2代表H原子、或F原子、或氯原子、或可被取代的烷基或可被取代的烷氧基,R3代表苯基、或可被取代的烷基、可被取代的苯基、或可被取代的吡啶基或可被取代的吲哚,Y代表可被取代的烷基或可被取代的烷酰基,Y1代表可被取代的烷基或可被取代的烷酰基。本发明还提供此类化合物在制备肿瘤疾病特别是肿瘤转移灶、晚期肿瘤、非实体肿瘤等癌症的药物上的应用及其制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一类主要用于药物化学领域的新化合物,具体涉及新型含芳环的胺类化合物及其制备方法,和作为治疗肿瘤疾病、特别是肿瘤转移灶、晚期肿瘤、非实体肿瘤等癌症的药物中的应用。
背景技术
癌症是目前威胁国民健康的重大疾病。恶性肿瘤是影响人们健康的主要疾病。据WHO统计,全世界恶性肿瘤每年发病1100多万人,病死800多万人,发达国家肿瘤年发病率高于300/10万。据国家统计,近两年来我国城市居民恶性肿瘤占死亡原因的第1位,且每年新增患者约220万人,占致死疾病的22.17%。WHO最新发表的《世界癌症报告》说,到2020年,全球癌症发病率可能比现在增长50%以上,新增肿瘤患者将达2000万人。肿瘤化学治疗是一个发展相当迅速的领域,未来的恶性肿瘤治疗将以肿瘤化学治疗为主,但目前药物治疗中使用的化学药物对肿瘤、癌症细胞的杀灭活性不高、需要大剂量的药物,从而对人体的毒副作用更高,因此亟需开发新的对肿瘤、癌症细胞杀灭活性高的化疗药物。
近年来在肿瘤研究中取得较快进展。发现离子通道是许多不同疾病的重要药物作用靶标(Kaczorowski,G,et al.J.Gen.Physiol.2008,131,399-405)。不同类型的离子通道的表达与活性决定和调节着癌症发生和增殖的特定阶段(Arcangeli,A.,et al.Pharmaceuticals,2010,3,1202-1224)。大量研究表明在多种恶性肿瘤中,诸如:乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌(小细胞肺癌(SCLC)、非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC))、宫颈癌、白血病、间皮瘤。电压门控钠通道(VGSCs)的表达增加,VGSCs的激动剂能促进肿瘤细胞的转移和侵入。
研究表明(Gillet,L.,et al.J.Biol.Chem,2009,284,8680–8691),通过阻断特定的离子通道能阻止癌症的发生和增殖。一些药物作为VGSCs阻断剂而抑制肿瘤转移,如河豚毒素(Tetrodotoxin,TTX)可抑制多种人类及啮齿类动物的乳腺癌、前列腺癌及肺癌细胞的转移性;抗惊厥药苯妥因(DHP,VGSCs阻断剂)抑制前列腺癌细胞分泌前列腺特异抗原PSA及IL-6。因而VGSCs配体作为抗肿瘤药物具有抑制肿瘤转移、增殖等活性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种抗肿瘤活性好的含芳环的胺类化合物。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种抗肿瘤的含芳环的胺类化合物在药学上可接受的盐。
本发明的又一个目的在于提供一种抗肿瘤的含芳环的胺类化合物及其在药学上可接受的盐的制备方法。
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种抗肿瘤的含芳环的胺类化合物及其在药学上可接受的盐在预防或治疗肿瘤的药物中的应用。
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的:
本发明提供具有结构式(I)的含芳环的胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
其中,R1为H、F、Cl、甲氧基、甲基、异丙基、异丁基或仲丁基;R2为H、F、Cl、甲氧基、甲基、异丙基、异丁基或仲丁基;X为CH或N;Y为CH2CH2CH2、CH2CH(CH3)、CH(CH3)、CH2CH2、CH2、CO、CH2CO、CH2CH2CO或COCH2CH2CO;Y1为CH2CH2CH2、CH2CH(CH3)、CH(CH3)、CH2CH2、CH2、CO、CH2CO、CH2CH2CO或COCH2CH2CO;R3为H、甲基、异丙基、异丁基、仲丁基、苯基、2-氟代苯基、3-氟代苯基、2-氯代苯基、3-氯代苯基、2-吡啶、2-吲哚或CHPh2。
优选地,上述R1为H、F、Cl、甲氧基、异丙基或异丁基;进一步,上述R1为H、F、甲氧基或异丙基;最优选地,上述R1为F。
优选地,上述R2为H、F、Cl、甲氧基、异丙基或异丁基;进一步,上述R2为H、F、甲氧基或异丙基;最优选地,上述R2为F。
优选地,上述X为:CH。
进一步,上述Y为CH2CH2CH2、CH(CH3)、CH2CH2、CH2、CH2CO、CH2CH2CO或COCH2CH2CO;进一步,上述Y为CH2CH2CH2、CH2CH2、CH2、CH2CO或CH2CH2CO;更进一步,上述Y为CH2CH2CH2或CH2CH2;最优选地,上述Y为CH2CH2CH2。
进一步,上述Y1为CH2CH2CH2、CH(CH3)、CH2CH2、CH2、CO、CH2CO或CH2CH2CO;进一步,上述Y1为CH2CH2CH2、CH2CH2、CH(CH3)、CH2或CH2CO;进一步,上述Y1为CH2CH2、CH2或CH(CH3);进一步,上述Y1为CH2CH2或CH2;最优选地,上述Y1为CH2。
进一步,上述R3为苯基、2-氟代苯基、3-氟代苯基、3-氯代苯基、2-吡啶、2-吲哚或CHPh2;进一步,上述R3为苯基、2-吡啶、2-吲哚或CHPh2;更进一步,上述R3为苯基、2-吲哚或CHPh2;进一步,上述R3为苯基或2-吲哚;最优选地,上述R3为2-吲哚。
本发明优选的化合物结构式参见表1:
表1
上述具有结构式(I)的含芳环的胺类化合物,其生理可接受的盐可为无机酸的盐,如为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢氟酸盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐或磷酸盐;可为有机酸盐,如为甲酸盐、丙酸盐、草酸盐、丙二酸盐、琥珀酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、苦味酸盐、甲磺酸盐或乙磺酸盐;也可为田东氨酸、谷氨酸或酸性氨基酸的酸加成盐;还可以是与碱形成的盐,钠、钾、钙或铝无机碱的盐,如铵盐、甲胺盐、乙胺盐或乙醇胺盐;以及与赖氨酸、精氨酸、鸟氨酸等碱性氨基酸形成的盐。
上述具有结构式(I)的含芳环的胺类化合物制备方法,主要是将卤代部分或/和伯胺部分在二甲亚砜(DMSO)类溶剂里进行胺的烃化反应制备,这对本领域是常规的。
上述具有结构式(I)的含芳环的胺类化合物制备方法,按以下步骤:
将结构式(Ⅱ)所示的反应物与结构式(Ⅲ)所示的反应物在溶剂二甲亚砜(DMSO)或四氢呋喃(THF)中进行偶联反应,所述结构式(Ⅱ)所示的反应物和结构式(Ⅲ)所示的反应物的摩尔比为2:1;或者,
将结构式(Ⅳ)所示的反应物与结构式(Ⅴ)所示的反应物在溶剂二甲亚砜(DMSO)或四氢呋喃(THF)中进行偶联反应,所述IV和V的摩尔比为1:2。
上述制备方法的反应物中R1、R2、X、Y、Y1和R3具有前述所给定义;上述X1为Cl、Br、I、COCl或COBr基团;进一步,上述X1为Cl或Br。
上述具有结构式(I)的含芳环的胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤疾病的药物中的应用。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明提供了一类含芳环的胺类化合物及其盐,经检测具有较好的抑制肿瘤发生和转移的活性,是优良的抗肿瘤先导化合物,作为进一步开发成抗肿瘤的药物基础,在肿瘤治疗领域具有潜在、广阔的应用前景。同时,本发明制备方法简单,便于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述,但这并不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
主要试剂和原料:伯胺和卤代试剂(Sigma-Aldrich Co.);溶剂(Sigma-AldrichCo.和Fisher Science Inc.);核磁共振仪(AV400,Bruker,TMS为内标);傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(Spectrum GX型,Perkin Elmer);质谱仪(LC-MSD-1100型,Aglent)。
实施例1:(S)-N-1-(1-苯乙基)-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁胺(化合物I-1,S0205)的制备:
将4,4-双(4-氟代苯基)-1-氯丁烷(化合物II-1,0.50g,1.78mmol)和(S)-1-苯基乙胺(化合物III-1,S0205,0.53g,3.58mmol)加到25mL带磁力搅拌的单口反应瓶中的DMSO(8mL)中,在80°C搅拌10小时。反应物转移到250mL的分液漏斗中,加入100mL乙酸乙酯稀释,然后用30mL的5%的Na2CO3水溶液洗两次,在用50mL的水洗两次,最后用饱和50mL的NaCl水溶液洗一次。然后有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化,得(S)-N-1-(1-苯乙基)-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁胺(化合物I-1,S0205,0.59g,91%的收率)。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):7.33~7.21(m,5H),7.10(dd,J1=5.6Hz,J2=8.6Hz,4H),6.93(t,J=8.6Hz,4H),3.80(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.70(q,J=6.7Hz,1H),2.46(m,2H),1.96(m,2H),1.40(m,2H),1.31(d,J=6.7Hz,3H)。13C-NMR(CD3OD,100MHz):161.4(d,J=243Hz),145.8,140.6(d,J=3Hz),129.2(d,J=8Hz),128.5,127.0,126.6,115.3(d,J=20Hz),58.5,49.7,47.7,33.7,28.7,24。MS(ES)m/z 366(M+1)。
实施例2:N-1-苄基-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁胺(化合物I-2)的制备:
将4,4-双(4-氟代苯基)-1-丁烷胺(化合物II-2,1.87g,7.16mmol)和氯苄(化合物III-2,S0154,0.45g,3.58mmol)加到50mL带磁力搅拌的单口反应瓶中的DMSO(16mL)中,在80°C搅拌7小时。反应物转移到50mL的分液漏斗中,加入20mL乙酸乙酯稀释,然后用5mL的5%的Na2CO3水溶液洗两次,在用10mL的水洗两次,最后用饱和10mL的NaCl水溶液洗一次。然后有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化,得N-1-苄基-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁胺(化合物I-2,1.1g,88%的收率)。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):7.33~7.27(m,5H),7.10(dd,J1=5.5Hz,J2=8.6Hz,4H),6.92(t,J=8.6Hz,4H),3.82(s,2H),3.80(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),2.69(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.00(m,2H),1.58(m,2H)。13C-NMR(CD3OD,100MHz):161.3(d,J=243Hz),140.1(d,J=3Hz),133.7,129.4,129.2(d,J=8Hz),129.0,128.7,115.4(d,J=21Hz),51.7,49.4,47.0,33.1,25.8。MS(ES)m/z 352(M+1)。
实施例3:N-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁基-1-(1H-2-吲哚)甲酰胺(化合物I-3,S0161)的制备:
将(1H-2-吲哚)甲酸(化合物III-3,0.50g,3.1mmol)和二氯亚砜(SOCl2,5mL)加到25mL带磁力搅拌的单口反应瓶中,回流搅拌3小时。然后减压移出过量的二氯亚砜,然后加入5mL的4,4-双(4-氟代苯基)-1-丁烷安(化合物II-3,0.53g,2.06mmol)的四氢呋喃溶液和4-(N,N-二甲基)吡啶(DMAP,0.51g,4.12mmol),反应液室温搅拌12小时。将反应物转移到50mL的分液漏斗中,加入20mL乙酸乙酯稀释,然后用20mL的5%的Na2CO3水溶液洗两次,在用10mL的水洗两次,最后用饱和10mL的NaCl水溶液洗一次。然后有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化,得N-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁基-1-(1H-2-吲哚)甲酰胺(S0160,0.77g,92%的收率)。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):9.68(s,1H),7.64(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.45d,J=8.0Hz,1H,7.28(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.12-7.16(m,5H),6.96(t,J=8.6Hz,4H),6.79(s,1H),6.21(s,1H),3.90(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.52(m,2H),2.08(m,2H),1.59(m,1H)13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):162.6,161.0(d,J=155Hz),140.2,136.4,130.6,129.1(d,J=8.0Hz),127.6,124.5,121.9,120.7,115.4(d,J=21Hz),112.1,101.8,49.4,39.5,33.1,28.4。MS(ES)m/z 405(M+1)。
实施例4:N-1-(1H-2-吲哚)甲基)-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁胺(化合物I-4,S0161)的制备
将上述所得的N-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁基-1-(1H-2-吲哚)甲酰胺(0.30g,0.95mmol)和四氢铝锂(LiAlH4,0.13g,3.33mmol)加入到25mL带磁力搅拌和回流装置及氮气的双口反应凭中的四氢呋喃(5mL)中,搅拌回流6小时后,用乙酸乙酯破坏过量的四氢铝锂。将反应液转移到50mL的分液漏斗中,加入20mL乙酸乙酯稀释,用10mL的水洗两次,最后用饱和10mL的NaCl水溶液洗一次。然后有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化,得N-1-(1H-2-吲哚)甲基)-1-(4,4-二(4-氟苯基))丁胺(S0161,303g,82%)。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):9.27(s,1H),7.58(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.21(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.08(dd,J1=5.4Hz,J2=8.6Hz,4H),6.95(t,J=8.6Hz,4H),6.35(s,1H),4.49(w,1H),3.94(s,2H),3.75(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),2.66(m,2H),1.94(m,2H),1.43(m,2H)。13C-NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):161.2(d,J=160Hz),140.0,136.4,132.9,129.0(d,J=7Hz),127.8,122.22,120.4,119.9,115.3(d,J=21Hz),111.2,102.6,49.3,47.6,45.6,33.0,26.8。MS(ES)m/z 391(M+1)。
实施例5:本发明所述含芳环的胺类化合物及其盐抑制肿瘤细胞活性测定如下:
体外抗肿瘤细胞活性:
1.实验用细胞株:人类前列腺癌细胞株DU145、LNCaP、PC3。细胞株均购自美国典型培养物保藏中心(American Type Culture Collection,ATCC)。
2.检测化合物:6种化合物用DMSO配置成50mmol/L的储备液,于-20℃储存。
3.检测方法:MTT分析方法用于检测细胞存活率。MTT工作液(5mg/ml)用无菌PBS缓冲液配制。细胞接种于96孔板,每孔3000-5000个细胞培养于100μl培养基中,培养过夜(10-12小时)后,加入各化合物,处理浓度为0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0、10.0、25.0、50.0、100.0μmol/L,每个浓度设三个平行对照孔。各组DMSO终浓度均为1/1000,同时设立1/1000DMSO对照组,培养基对照组。化合物作用72小时后,去除培养基,每孔细胞加入含10μlMTT溶液的新鲜培养基100μl,使DMSO浓度为0.5mg/ml。细胞继续培养3-5小时,去除含MTT的培养基,每孔加入100μlDMSO,轻摇培养板,使紫色结晶溶解后,用酶标仪(TECANmagellan Infinite 200,TECAN,Switzerland)于570nm波长处检测吸光度,通过计算各组相对于DMSO溶剂对照的吸光度计算细胞相对于正常组细胞的存活率。
4.数据分析:计算各化合物杀伤各种肿瘤细胞的IC50,见表2。
表2各化合物对前列腺癌细胞DU145、PC3、LNCaP的杀伤效果(IC50/μM)
表2
结论:实验显示这一类新型的胺类化合物对前列腺癌细胞有很好的抑制作用,作为新型的抗肿瘤药物具有很大的开发前景。
Claims (7)
2.根据权利要求1所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于:所述药学上可接受的盐为盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢氟酸盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、甲酸盐、丙酸盐、草酸盐、丙二酸盐、琥珀酸盐、富马酸盐、马来酸盐、苹果酸盐、酒石酸盐、柠檬酸盐、苦味酸盐、甲磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、天东氨酸盐、谷氨酸盐、赖氨酸盐、精氨酸盐或鸟氨酸盐。
3.一种制备如权利要求1或2所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的方法,其特征在于,将结构式(II)反应物与结构式(III)反应物,或者结构式(IV)反应物与结构式(V)反应物在二甲亚砜或四氢呋喃中进行偶联反应;所述结构式(III)反应物或结构式(IV)反应物中X1为Cl、Br、I、COCl或COBr。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:所述结构(II)化合物和结构(III)化合物的摩尔比为2∶1;所述结构(IV)化合物与结构(V)化合物的摩尔比为1∶2。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防或治疗抗肿瘤疾病药物中的应用。
6.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肿瘤疾病为乳腺癌或前列腺癌。
7.如权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,所述肿瘤疾病为前列腺癌。
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