CN102699624B - Spring manufacturing process - Google Patents
Spring manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102699624B CN102699624B CN201110280740.1A CN201110280740A CN102699624B CN 102699624 B CN102699624 B CN 102699624B CN 201110280740 A CN201110280740 A CN 201110280740A CN 102699624 B CN102699624 B CN 102699624B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a spring manufacturing process. The spring manufacturing process comprises the following steps of: reeling a spring, namely reeling a steel wire according to a rotating direction, a preset height, an outer diameter and the number of turns, and tightly compressing the two ends of the spring; tempering, namely putting the spring into a tempering furnace for stress relief tempering; grinding end surfaces, namely grinding the two end surfaces of the spring flatly, wherein the grinding angle is more than 300 degrees; performing shot-blasting for three times, wherein a first-time shot-blasting diameter is greater than a second-time shot-blasting diameter, and the second-time shot-blasting diameter is greater than a third-time shot-blasting diameter; performing creep deformation tempering, compressing the spring to ensure that a positioning length is reached, fixing on a fixture, putting the fixture with the spring into the tempering furnace, preserving the heat, and performing water cooling immediately to reach room temperature after a discharging process; washing; demagnetizing; and performing rust-proof treatment. By the spring manufacturing process, the spring has long service life and is low in thermal attenuation ratio under high stress; and the technical problems of short service life and high thermal attenuation ratios of springs under the high stress existing in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture craft of spring, relate in particular to a kind of little manufacture craft of heat fade rate that requires spring.
Background technology
Spring very general in present application, all trades and professions adopt varying strength rigidity and the spring in service life according to different purposes.Therefore the manufacturing process of spring is also not quite similar.In present open file, have: " manufacturing process (CN101439458A) of heavily stressed valve spring " comprises following operation: wind spring is semi-finished product spring by steel wire blank roll-forming; Tempering for the first time, carries out lonneal destressing by spring; Mill spring, carries out grinding to two of spring end faces, to reach required length; Chamfering, removes the burr after spring grinding; Stress is optimized; Tempering for the second time, carries out lonneal destressing again to spring; Shot-peening, the fatigue life of improving spring; Hot pressing; Load classification, rejects the overproof spring of loading, and load qualified products just become heavily stressed valve spring product; Oil, heavily stressed valve spring product is oiled, prepare packing.The technique of the spring disclosing in above-mentioned file is for the technique of a kind of spring of heavily stressed valve, its service life under high pressure for finished product spring and the not requirement of heat fade amount.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides one in heavily stressed lower long service life, the spring manufacturing process that the heat fade rate of spring is low; Solve the spring existing in prior art short in heavily stressed lower service life, the high technical problem of heat fade rate of spring.
The present invention provides a kind of product percent of pass high simultaneously, reduces the lax spring manufacturing process of heat of spring; Solve the product percent of pass existing in prior art not high enough, the lax large technical problem of heat of spring.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention solves by following technical proposals: a kind of manufacture craft of spring, it is characterized in that: comprise following operation: the first step, wind spring, spools steel wire according to rotation direction, prefabricated height, external diameter and the number of turns, the two ends of spring are also tight;
Second step, tempering, puts into tempering furnace by spring and carries out destressing tempering;
The 3rd step, cross grinding, by the grinding two end surfaces of spring, angle of grinding surface is greater than 300 degree;
The 4th step, ball blast, carries out ball blast three times, and the diameter of ball blast is greater than the diameter of ball blast for the second time for the first time, and the diameter of ball blast is greater than the diameter of ball blast for the third time for the second time;
The 5th step, creep tempering, compresses the spring into position length and is fixed on fixture, is incubated putting into tempering furnace with the fixture of spring, and coming out of the stove is that water-cooled is to room temperature;
The 6th step, cleans, and spring is cleaned with supersonic wave cleaning machine;
The 7th step, demagnetization;
The 8th step, antirust processing.
In manufacture craft, adopt three times ball blast, reach-976MPa of spring inner surface compression, reach-1246MPa of peak stress, apart from surperficial reach-1163MPa of 0.04mm depth stress, is 1100MPa by the fatigue life of spring in operating pressure, when being 30mm, stroke brings up to 2,000,000 times from 800,000 times, and the diameter of ball blast successively decreases at every turn, has improved the residual stress on shallow top layer, and has improved surperficial fineness.In order to reduce the heat fade amount of spring, adopt creep tempering technique, first the spring-compressed through ball blast is put into continuous mesh belt type tempering furnace together with the fixing fixture of compression again after position length, after insulation, come out of the stove is that water-cooled is to room temperature, through the spring of creep tempering processing, heat fade rate is suppressed 3.62 ~ 4.21% of processing from normal heat and has been reduced to 1.44 ~ 1.64%, has met 3% the requirement of being less than of some equipment requirement spring heat fade rates that use springs.Pollutant < 8mg/m after cleaning
2, remanent magnetism < 5 Gausses after demagnetization.Spring is after treatment particularly useful for using in automobile torque converter, requires the fatigue life of spring thermal environment is heavily stressed under and the lower heat fade rate of needs.
As preferably, the diameter of described ball blast is for the first time 0.6 ~ 0.8mm, and ball blast frequency is 60HZ, the diameter of ball blast is 0.4 ~ 0.6mm for the second time, and ball blast frequency is 50HZ, and the diameter of ball blast is 0.2 ~ 0.3mm for the third time, ball blast frequency is 50HZ, and the time of each ball blast is 20 ~ 40 minutes.Three times ball blast is selected respectively different parameter values, set according to the desired mechanical performance of spring, select suitable shot diameter and ball blast frequency just can reach the mechanical performance that spring requires, the frequency of the frequency of ball blast and twice ball blast is below different for the first time, in the time being further processed for latter twice, the shot of different-diameter adopts different frequencies to carry out.Three times ball blast has improved 1.5 times with respect to secondary ball blast fatigue life.
As more preferably, the temperature of described creep tempering is 200 ℃ ~ 300 ℃, is incubated after 20 ~ 40 minutes.In temperature and time in above-mentioned scope, carry out tempering and insulation, reduce the lax deflection of heat, improved the mechanical performance of spring.
As preferably, described prefabricated height=finished product length+creep attenuation length, the minimum active length that described position length is spring, creep attenuation is that the creep tempering experiment when the position length draws according to spring.The temperature of the creep tempering experiment of creep attenuation is 200 ℃ ~ 300 ℃, is incubated 20 ~ 40 minutes, draws creep attenuation by above-mentioned experiment.The length difference of the spring of processing, determines the precast length of different wind springs and the position length of creep tempering as required, improves the qualification rate of product.
As preferably, before wind spring, carry out initial workpiece sample, complete all production process processing, determine whether final finished meets drawing requirement, and processing parameter is finely tuned.First on streamline, try out one time, thereby can better adjust corresponding technological parameter, while making to produce in batches, qualification rate is high, and raising yield rate cuts operating costs.
As more preferably, before initial workpiece sample, raw material are checked, check steel wire diameter, Tensile strength, surface quality.To the inspection of material, guarantee the normal work of spring in deep fat environment.
As preferably, between the 5th step creep tempering and the cleaning of the 6th step, insert size separation step.Realize the first of spring has been produced to inspection through sorting operation, improved yield rate.
As preferably, the temperature of the destressing tempering of second step is 400 ℃ ~ 420 ℃, and temperature retention time is 55 ~ 65 minutes.
Therefore, the manufacture craft of spring of the present invention possesses following advantage: adopt three grades of ball blasts to improve the fatigue life of springs under heavily stressed, long test trip, make spring be applied in than in the environment of high requirement; Meanwhile, adopt creep tempering technique, compare original heat pressing process, can reduce the lax deflection of heat, reduce heat fade amount, can meet the requirement of assembly of hydraulic torque converter.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the technical scheme of invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
The manufacture craft of spring, comprises following operation:
The first step, wind spring, spools steel wire according to rotation direction, prefabricated height, external diameter and the number of turns, and the two ends of spring are also tight, complete preliminary spring shape;
Second step, tempering, puts into tempering furnace by spring and carries out destressing tempering;
The 3rd step, cross grinding, by the grinding two end surfaces of spring, angle of grinding surface is greater than 300 degree;
The 4th step, ball blast, carry out ball blast three times, the diameter of ball blast is greater than the diameter of ball blast for the second time for the first time, the diameter of ball blast is greater than the diameter of ball blast for the third time for the second time, primary ball blast frequency is greater than ball blast frequency for the second time and for the third time, and the ball blast time of three times is identical, improves residual stress and fatigue life after ball blast;
The 5th step, creep tempering, compresses the spring into position length and is fixed on fixture, is incubated putting into tempering furnace with the fixture of spring, come out of the stove be water-cooled to room temperature, reduce the lax and deflection of heat, improve heat fade rate;
The 6th step, cleans, and spring is cleaned with ultrasonic wave;
The 7th step, demagnetization;
The 8th step, antirust processing, immerses in antirust oil.
Wherein prefabricated height=finished product length+creep attenuation length, the minimum active length that position length is spring, creep attenuation is that the creep test when the position length draws according to spring.The spring of first taking target call processing, its position length is known, compresses the spring into after position length, in temperature is the tempering furnace of 240 ℃, is incubated 35 minutes, draws creep attenuation by above-mentioned experiment.Carry out experiment calculation creep attenuation length, thereby obtain prefabricated height, process according to above-mentioned technique according to test data.
Embodiment 2:
Be 68mm if need to make length, the spring that external diameter is 13.5mm, utilizes the manufacture craft of spring of the present invention, first carry out wind spring, by steel wire coil around and by the two ends of spring tight, the spring parameter after coiling is 13.6 ± 0.1mm, prefabricated height 79 ± 0.5mm, number of total coils is 17.8; Then, the good spring of wind spring is carried out to destressing tempering in temperature is the tempering furnace of 410 ± 10 ℃, tempering insulation time is 60 ± 3 minutes; After temper completes, the both ends of the surface of spring are carried out to cross grinding, two ends polish, and angle of grinding surface is greater than 300 degree; After grinding, carry out Shot Blasting, Shot Blasting comprises ball blast 3 times, ball blast 30 minutes in the shot-blasting machine that the shot that is 0.6mm with diameter is for the first time 60HZ in frequency, and then carry out ball blast for the second time, ball blast 30 minutes in the shot-blasting machine that the shot that ball blast is 0.4mm with diameter is for the second time 50HZ in frequency, after carrying out, carry out again ball blast for the third time, ball blast 30 minutes in the shot-blasting machine that the shot that the diameter of ball blast employing is for the third time 0.3mm is 50HZ in frequency; Spring after Shot Blasting is put into tempering furnace and is carried out creep tempering, creep tempering is to utilize fixture to be compressed to the minimum active length that position length 36.5mm(is spring on the spring after ball blast) and fixing, then fixture is put into the continuous mesh belt type tempering furnace of 240 degree with spring, being incubated came out of the stove after 35 minutes be water-cooled to room temperature, the length of cooled spring is 68mm; Then with supersonic wave cleaning machine, spring is cleaned, make pollutant < 8mg/m
2, after cleaning, count spring demagnetization with demagnetization, make remanent magnetism < 5 Gausses, finally again spring is immersed to antirust oil and do antirust processing.
Embodiment 3:
The manufacture craft of spring, the first step, checks raw material, checks the situation such as tensile strength, surface quality of gauge of wire, material, guarantees the normal work of spring in deep fat environment; Second step, carries out initial workpiece sample, according to online equipment, completes all production process processing, determines whether final finished meets drawing requirement, and processing parameter is finely tuned; The 3rd step, according to the external diameter of spring and prefabricated height, the spring parameters such as number of total coils carry out wind spring, and by the two ends of spring tight; The 4th step is carried out destressing tempering in tempering furnace, and temperature remains on 400 degree, is incubated 60 minutes; The 5th step, polishes the two ends of spring, and angle of grinding surface is greater than 300 degree; The 6th step, carries out ball blast three times, and ball blast diameter is 0.7mm for the first time, and ball blast frequency is 60HZ, and ball blast diameter is 0.5mm for the second time, and ball blast diameter is 0.3mm for the third time, and ball blast frequency for the second time and is for the third time 50HZ, and three times ball blast is 30 minutes; The 7th step, creep tempering, is depressed into position length by spring with fixture, after putting into tempering furnace and being incubated 30 minutes with being water-cooled to room temperature; The 8th step, carries out size separation according to the specification requirement of product; The 9th step, cleans spring with supersonic cleaning machine; The tenth step, counts spring is demagnetized with demagnetization; The 11 step, immerses antirust oil by spring entirety and carries out antirust processing; The 12 step, packs.
Claims (4)
1. a manufacture craft for spring, is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
The first step, wind spring, by steel wire stock according to prefabricated height, external diameter and the number of turns, by the two ends of spring tight, described prefabricated height=finished product length+creep attenuation length, creep attenuation length is that the experiment of the creep tempering when the position length draws according to spring, the minimum active length that position length is spring, the spring of first taking target call processing, its position length is known;
Second step, tempering, puts into tempering furnace by spring and carries out destressing tempering;
The 3rd step, cross grinding, by the grinding two end surfaces of spring, angle of grinding surface is greater than 300 degree;
The 4th step, ball blast, carries out ball blast three times, and the diameter of ball blast is greater than the diameter of ball blast for the second time for the first time, and the diameter of ball blast is greater than the diameter of ball blast for the third time for the second time;
The 5th step, creep tempering, compresses the spring into position length and is fixed on fixture, is incubated putting into tempering furnace with the fixture of spring, come out of the stove be water-cooled to room temperature, the temperature of described creep tempering is 200 ℃～300 ℃, is incubated after 20～40 minutes;
The 6th step, cleans, and spring is cleaned with ultrasonic wave;
The 7th step, demagnetization;
The 8th step, antirust processing;
Adopt three times ball blast, reach-976MPa of spring inner surface compression, reach-1246MPa of peak stress, apart from surperficial reach-1163MPa of 0.04mm depth stress, be 1100MPa by the fatigue life of spring in operating pressure, when stroke is 30mm, bring up to 2,000,000 times from 800,000 times; Through the spring of creep tempering processing, heat fade rate is suppressed 3.62～4.21% of processing from normal heat and has been reduced to 1.44～1.64%.
2. the manufacture craft of spring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described ball blast is for the first time 0.6～0.8mm, ball blast frequency is 60HZ, the diameter of ball blast is 0.4～0.6mm for the second time, ball blast frequency is 50HZ, the diameter of ball blast is 0.2～0.3mm for the third time, and ball blast frequency is 50HZ, and the time of each ball blast is 20～40 minutes.
3. the manufacture craft of spring according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: between the 5th step creep tempering and the cleaning of the 6th step, insert size separation step.
4. the manufacture craft of spring according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the temperature of the destressing tempering of second step is 400 ℃～420 ℃, and temperature retention time is 55～65 minutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110280740.1A CN102699624B (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2011-09-21 | Spring manufacturing process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110280740.1A CN102699624B (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2011-09-21 | Spring manufacturing process |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102699624A CN102699624A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
| CN102699624B true CN102699624B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
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| CN201110280740.1A Active CN102699624B (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2011-09-21 | Spring manufacturing process |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN110860633A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-03-06 | 骆灿炎 | High-oxidation-resistance and high-smoothness hardware fitting machining process |
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| CN106181239A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-12-07 | 苏州切浦汽车零部件有限公司 | The manufacturing process of electric tail gate spring |
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| CN112178095A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-05 | 扬州圣林弹簧五金有限公司 | High-frequency long-life compression spring and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115401139A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-11-29 | 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 | Spring manufacturing method and winding machine thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3644599A1 (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1988-07-07 | Kuhn Peter Prof Dr Ing | Helical compression spring |
| CN1121847A (en) * | 1994-05-15 | 1996-05-08 | 阜新蒙古族自治县弹簧厂 | Method for mfg. high-prestressed tension spring |
| CN101125402A (en) * | 2007-10-10 | 2008-02-20 | 大连弹簧有限公司 | Method for processing heat coiling spring whose spring wire diameter is 90 millimeter |
| CN101439458B (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2011-10-12 | 上海中国弹簧制造有限公司 | Process for manufacturing heavily stressed valve spring |
| DE102009007020A1 (en) * | 2009-01-31 | 2010-08-26 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Coil spring i.e. legless coil spring, for use in e.g. braking system in automobile, has body formed by winding of wire material, where wire material forms cross section having flattening part in axial plane that comprises spring center axis |
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2011
- 2011-09-21 CN CN201110280740.1A patent/CN102699624B/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110860633A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-03-06 | 骆灿炎 | High-oxidation-resistance and high-smoothness hardware fitting machining process |
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| CN102699624A (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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