CN102501009A - Processing technology of arc-shaped spring - Google Patents
Processing technology of arc-shaped spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN102501009A CN102501009A CN2011103301774A CN201110330177A CN102501009A CN 102501009 A CN102501009 A CN 102501009A CN 2011103301774 A CN2011103301774 A CN 2011103301774A CN 201110330177 A CN201110330177 A CN 201110330177A CN 102501009 A CN102501009 A CN 102501009A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a processing technology of a large-radian arc-shaped spring. The processing technology is characterized by comprising the following procedures of: spring coiling: primary stress relief annealing; spring grinding; spring bending into an arc-shaped spring; secondary stress relief annealing; shot blasting; hot-strong pressing; sorting; angular rigidity and torque test; fatigue life test; and surface antirust treatment. According to the forming technology of the arc-shaped spring provided by the invention, the arc-shaped spring with the free angle of being more than 45 degrees can be effectively formed, the thermal relaxation rate of the spring is less than 2%, the instantaneous torque is large, the fatigue life is 1 million times, and the technical problems of low finished product rate and incapability for normal use of the large-radian arc-shaped spring in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture craft of spring, relate in particular to a kind of processing technology of arc spring of big radian.
Background technology
Spring is as a kind of widely used flexible member; Mostly its profile is cylindrical; Production and processing can be divided into that cold coiling is shaped and hot rolling is shaped, and wherein the main manufacturing procedure of cold coiling shaping has wind spring → stress relief annealing → end face to polish → (chamfering) → ball blast → processing → surface treatment of halting → packing etc.
Spring is designed to non-cylindrical in order to coincide better with its assembly space, also to have, the spring of using like the automobile double mass flywheel.The processing technology of this spring is not exclusively the same with the processing technology of helical spring.
Such as announcing CN101092014A number Chinese patent on December 26th, 2007; Name is called a kind of manufacture craft and special equipment thereof of arched spring in use for hydraulic torque converter of car, and the making step of arc spring is: processing → cross grinding → outer rounded corner → dimensional gaughing → performance checking → fatigue life inspection → surperficial antirust processing → finished product packing is handled → is halted in materials procurement → roll into arc → destressing tempering → shot peening strengthening.Described step is halted and handle to be adopted the special-purpose arc spring processor of halting; A side is provided with bearing block on its base, and bearing block connects press rods with pin, and the press rods other end is pressed cylinder through the depression bar connector; Press rods is provided with the spiral pressure head, and base is provided with down the spiral pressure head.
The Chinese patent of announcing CN101786221A on July 28th, 2010 for another example, name is called the processing method of arc spring, and the making step of arc spring is:
1.1 purchase, check and choose suitable raw material;
1.2 to the crooked cold coiling camber of the raw material screw type of choosing, to the outer end circle of spring and adjacent second circle and tight the processing;
1.3 the spring to behind the cold coiling is annealed;
1.4 the annealing back polishes the end circle of spring to the grinding of both ends of the spring face;
1.5 then spring being carried out shot peening strengthening handles;
1.6 the spring through bead is carried out degaussing to be handled;
Suppress operation 1.7 clean and get into heat after the spring degaussing;
1.8 heat is suppressed the back by the different load segmentations sorting of loading, what performance was consistent is one group;
Process the final products arc spring 1.9 at last spring is done surperficial antirust processing, and the packing warehouse-in.
In above-mentioned two kinds of arc spring processing process; All be in the single shaft synchronization control function of this procedure of wind spring through Digital Control Plane Roll-up Spring; Constantly changing the pitch of turn, make the pitch of outer pitch on one side greater than another side, is arc thereby make the spring that rolls out.There is following drawback in this technology:
Roll formed arc, its axial line is in a plane, and after through the destressing tempering process, because the variation of spring diameter can cause whole piece spring axis line to become a spirality, promptly spring in a plane, can't normally not use.
For the arc spring of free angle greater than 45 degree; If in the wind spring operation it is rolled into arc, spring can be around wind spring mandrel fast rotational, under the effect of the centre of force; Spring external diameter, pitch equidimension all can change, and can't make qualified arc spring.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the arc spring of a kind of effectively moulding free angle, and the hot relaxation rate that guarantees spring is less than 2% greater than 45 degree, moment moment of torsion big, fatigue life the arc spring more than 1,000,000 times moulding process; The yield rate of arc spring that has solved the wide-angle that exists in the prior art is low, the technical problem that can not normally use.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention solves through following technical proposals: a kind of processing technology of arc spring is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
The first step, wind spring, the steel wire stock is according to prefabricated height, external diameter and the number of turns, also tight with the two ends of spring, be wound into columniform helical spring;
Second step, stress relief annealing for the first time;
The 3rd step, the mill spring;
The 4th step, each circle of the spring after the tempering is carried out the distance of opening one by one, make the pitch of spring one side greater than the pitch of opposite side, linear springs is become arc spring;
The 5th step, stress relief annealing for the second time;
In the 6th step, ball blast adopts ball blast twice, and the diameter of ball blast and intensity are greater than the diameter and the intensity of second ball blast for the first time;
In the 7th step, heat is suppressed;
The 8th step, sorting;
The 9th step, angular rigidity and torsion-testing,
The tenth step, fatigue life test;
The 11 step, surperficial antirust processing.
During first step wind spring, material rolls through the Digital Control Plane Roll-up Spring machine, forms one and is shaped as columniform helical spring; The external diameter of its coil, pitch equate; Two ends respectively have 1 circle-3.5 circles to be and are tight, and wind spring carries out on the computer numerical controlled spring coiling machine more than four, and the outside diameter control precision of spring coiling machine should be less than 0.2mm; Number of turns control is less than 0.1 circle, and the spring free length control accuracy is less than 0.5mm.In wind spring, spring is not carried out the arc moulding, carry out temper one time, roll the harmful residual tension that remains in the process in the spring material with elimination but adopt mesh-belt type hot air to loop back stove to columniform spring earlier behind the wind spring.Adopt spring grinder that the work supporting surface at the two ends of spring is polished then, spring end face flour milling angle is at 270 ° ~ 340 °, and the termination residual thickness is greater than 10% of steel wire diameter.Passed through tempering removed harmful residual tension with the mill spring after; Carry out the camber line moulding again, columned spring one side is opened distance, form arc spring; Arc spring natural torsion after the moulding becomes an arc; The spacing unevenness is less than 0.5mm between inboard and outside steel wire, and the spring flatness is less than 2mm, and the spring tip original position all is consistent.After forming arc, carry out temper once more, guaranteed that arc spring can resilience after moulding, satisfied the moulding needs of wide-angle arc spring.The present invention is through wind spring-annealing-mill spring-camber line shaping-annealing; Twice annealing like this; Wind spring and camber line shaping technology are separately accomplished the machine-shaping of the spring of wide-angle, and the axis of the arc spring of the wide-angle of moulding is positioned on the same camber line, and spring is not easy distortion; Hot relaxation rate is low, and yield rate is high.Arc external diameter, the pitch variation of having avoided in wind spring, just carrying out in original processing technology arc moulding generation are big; Parameter is controlled very difficult problem; Camber line moulding wind spring time the in original technology; Because camber ratio is bigger, make the part of having spooled do the circumference rotation along the wind spring mandrel, cause size unstable.And method of the present invention is that wind spring and camber line moulding are separately carried out, and effectively avoids this problem.Carry out tempering behind the moulding arc spring when also having avoided wind spring simultaneously, the spring axis line makes that the molding effect of spring is bad not on a camber line, and the problem of skew does not take place in a plane spring.Behind the wind spring of the present invention tempering once, after the camber line moulding again tempering once make that the spring camber line angle after the moulding keeps.
As preferably; Before wind spring, select raw material; Raw-material case hardness is greater than 51HRC; The raw-material contraction percentage of area does not have the non-metallic inclusion above 15 microns greater than 35% in raw-material section radius 1/3 scope, the raw material surface answers the oil spout lacquer as remarkable sign above 40 microns injurous defect.In the work of automobile double mass flywheel arc spring; The deep-slotted chip breaker of spring and flywheel has very large frictional resistance; Therefore require the raw material of spring that advantages of higher tensile strength, case hardness and high toughness performance are arranged, simultaneously the non-metallic inclusion in the material has been carried out strict control.The sign of spraying paint can be identified in the wind spring process, thereby is eliminated.
As preferably, behind the described wind spring the first time stress relief annealing temperature at 320 ℃ ~ 470 ℃, annealing time was at 30-65 minute, effective temperature retention time of tempering furnace is greater than 40% of the spring turnover stove time.The residual stress on process tempered spring first time surface has been removed the harmful stress in the spring behind the wind spring less than 150Mpa, improves the service life of spring.
As preferably, described second time stress relief annealing temperature at 200 ℃ ~ 450 ℃, annealing time was at 20 ~ 60 minutes, effective temperature retention time of tempering furnace is greater than 40% of the spring turnover stove time.After the camber line moulding, carry out the tempering second time, the residual stress on spring surface guarantees the molding effect of the spring of camber line moulding less than 250Mpa.
As preferably, described ball blast adopts the crawler type shot-blasting machine to carry out ball blast, and the impelling material that ball blast uses is steel wire cut pill; The hardness of steel wire cut pill is greater than 600HV; Impelling shot linear velocity is not less than 60m/s, and the diameter of ball blast is 0.4 ~ 0.8mm for the first time, and the diameter of ball blast is 0.2 ~ 0.6mm for the second time.During twice ball blast, the frequency of jettisoninging of shot-blasting machine is not less than 50Hz, behind the process ball blast first time; Spring surfaces externally and internally and coverage rate are not less than 95%; Ball blast intensity is not less than 0.3A, and the residual compressive stress on surface is not less than-500Mpa, and the subsurface maximum residual stress is not less than-700Mpa.Behind the process ball blast second time, spring surfaces externally and internally and coverage rate are not less than 100%, and ball blast intensity is not less than 0.2A, and the residual compressive stress on surface is not less than-600Mpa, and the subsurface maximum residual stress is not less than-800Mpa.
As preferably; Described heat is suppressed temperature and is set at 180 ℃ ~ 280 ℃, and temperature retention time was at 10 ~ 30 minutes, and pressure is set at theoretical pressure of spring and moment of torsion 1.2 ~ 2 times; In suppressing process; The actual temperature of spring is not less than 50 ℃, and power press is depressed into spring and tight back stops 0.5 ~ 15s, and suppressing number of times is 1 ~ 5 time.After overheated suppressing, prevent relaxing of spring, improved the fatigue strength of spring.
As preferably, described sorting comprises radius of curvature sorting, angular sorting and perpendicularity sorting.Through the inspection machine free angle and the perpendicularity of measuring spring accurately, the arc radius of detection springs is selected qualified products simultaneously.
As preferably, the radian of the spring behind the arc wind spring is greater than π/4.The good forming effect of the spring of wide-angle, yield rate is high.
Therefore, the processing technology of arc spring of the present invention possesses following advantage: the ratio of briquetting for the arc spring of wide-angle is high, and the central axis of spring is positioned on the same camber line, and arc can not produce skew, and the parameter of spring is controlled easily, and fatigue life is long.
The specific embodiment
Through embodiment, do further bright specifically below to the technical scheme of invention.
Embodiment:
A kind of processing technology of arc spring is selected the raw material of OTEVA 75SC material as processing for use, and the inspection raw material are eliminated substandard product, carry out wind spring.Wind spring carries out on the computer numerical controlled spring coiling machine more than four, and the steel wire stock is according to prefabricated height, external diameter and the number of turns, and the two ends of spring are also tight, is wound into columniform helical spring.In tempering furnace, keeping annealing temperature behind the wind spring is stress relief annealing under 410 ℃ the condition, and temperature retention time is 60 minutes, and the residual stress on spring surface is less than 150Mpa.After the annealing, the both ends of the surface of spring are carried out grinding, grinding angle is at 270 ~ 330 degree; The termination residual thickness is greater than 0.15d (d is a steel wire diameter); Utilize the arc former that the coil of the helical spring of winding is opened distance one by one after the grinding, make the pitch of spring one side greater than the pitch of opposite side, thereby angulation is greater than the arc spring of 45 degree; Spring flatness after the moulding is less than 2mm, and angle is greater than 45 degree.Spring after the moulding carries out the stress relief annealing second time, and annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and annealing time is 60 minutes, and the residual stress on spring surface is less than 250Mpa.After the double annealing; With the steel wire ball blast of 0.7mm, the hardness of shot is greater than 600HV, in the frequency of jettisoninging is not less than the shot-blasting machine of 50Hz, spring carried out ball blast; The ball blast linear velocity is not less than 60m/s; Ball blast intensity is 0.36A, and the residual compressive stress on surface is not less than-500Mpa behind the ball blast, and the subsurface maximum residual stress is not less than-700Mpa.Carry out the ball blast second time behind the ball blast for the first time; Adopt the steel wire ball blast of 0.4mm, ball blast intensity is 0.25, behind the process ball blast second time; Spring surfaces externally and internally and coverage rate are not less than 100%; Ball blast intensity is not less than 0.2A, and the residual compressive stress on surface is not less than-600Mpa, and the subsurface maximum residual stress is not less than-800Mpa.Arc spring heating-up temperature in power press through behind the secondary ball blast is 220 ℃, is incubated 20 minutes, suppresses to also tight; And keep 3s, suppress 3 completion heat and suppress operation, in suppressing process; The actual temperature of spring is not less than 100 ℃, and pressure is set at theoretical pressure of spring and moment of torsion 2 times.Spring after suppressing is delivered to screening installation and is carried out the free angle sorting, perpendicularity sorting, radius of curvature sorting, angular rigidity and operation torque test, fatigue life test.Above-mentioned free angle, perpendicularity, radius of curvature are to select according to customer requirement.Angular rigidity and moment of torsion carry out on the arc spring machine for testing torsion, and machine for testing torsion cooperates the test fixture with spring arc radius coupling, process curve and return curve that can accurately measuring spring, and can calculate the angular rigidity of spring automatically.Through the qualified spring after sorting and the fatigue test, applying preventive by dipping oil is accomplished surperficial antirust processing, through the packing of the spring after antirust processing warehouse-in.
Claims (8)
1. the processing technology of an arc spring is characterized in that: comprise following operation:
The first step, wind spring, the steel wire stock is according to prefabricated height, external diameter and the number of turns, also tight with the two ends of spring, be wound into columniform helical spring;
Second step, stress relief annealing for the first time;
The 3rd step, the mill spring;
The 4th step, each circle of the spring after the tempering is carried out the distance of opening one by one, make the pitch of spring one side greater than the pitch of opposite side, linear springs is become arc spring;
The 5th step, stress relief annealing for the second time;
In the 6th step, ball blast adopts ball blast twice, and the diameter of ball blast and intensity are greater than the diameter and the intensity of second ball blast for the first time;
In the 7th step, heat is suppressed;
The 8th step, sorting;
The 9th step, angular rigidity and torsion-testing,
The tenth step, fatigue life test;
The 11 step, surperficial antirust processing.
2. the processing technology of a kind of arc spring according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: before wind spring, select raw material; Raw-material case hardness is greater than 51HRC; The raw-material contraction percentage of area does not have the non-metallic inclusion above 15 microns greater than 35% in raw-material section radius 1/3 scope, the raw material surface answers the oil spout lacquer as remarkable sign above 40 microns injurous defect.
3. the processing technology of a kind of arc spring according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: behind the described wind spring the first time stress relief annealing temperature at 320 ℃ ~ 470 ℃; Annealing time was at 30-65 minute, and effective temperature retention time of tempering furnace is greater than 40% of the spring turnover stove time.
4. the processing technology of a kind of arc spring according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: described second time stress relief annealing temperature at 200 ℃ ~ 450 ℃; Annealing time was at 20 ~ 60 minutes, and effective temperature retention time of tempering furnace is greater than 40% of the spring turnover stove time.
5. the processing technology of a kind of arc spring according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: described ball blast adopts the crawler type shot-blasting machine to carry out ball blast; The impelling material that ball blast uses is steel wire cut pill, and the hardness of steel wire cut pill is greater than 600HV, and impelling shot linear velocity is not less than 60m/s; The diameter of ball blast is 0.4 ~ 0.8mm for the first time, and the diameter of ball blast is 0.2 ~ 0.6mm for the second time.
6. the processing technology of a kind of arc spring according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: described heat is suppressed temperature and is set at 180 ℃ ~ 280 ℃, and temperature retention time was at 10 ~ 30 minutes, and pressure is set at theoretical pressure of spring and moment of torsion 1.2 ~ 2 times; In suppressing process; The actual temperature of spring is not less than 50 ℃, and power press is depressed into spring and tight back stops 0.5 ~ 15s, and suppressing number of times is 1 ~ 5 time.
7. the processing technology of a kind of arc spring according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described sorting step comprises radius of curvature sorting, angular sorting and perpendicularity sorting.
8. the processing technology of a kind of arc spring according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the radian of the spring behind the arc wind spring is greater than π/4.
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| CN201110330177.4A CN102501009B (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2011-10-27 | Processing technology of arc-shaped spring |
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| CN201110330177.4A CN102501009B (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2011-10-27 | Processing technology of arc-shaped spring |
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| CN102501009B CN102501009B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102921843A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-13 | 无锡威孚精密机械制造有限责任公司 | Spring production line embedded with automatic head recognition device and painting device |
| CN104493445A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-08 | 上海核工碟形弹簧制造有限公司 | Manufacturing method of U-shaped spring for elevator security pincers |
| CN105619032A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-06-01 | 哈尔滨东安发动机（集团）有限公司 | Disk spring machining method |
| CN106734779A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-05-31 | 无锡丰力弹簧有限公司 | Hang the production technology of spring |
| CN106893843A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-27 | 无锡丰力弹簧有限公司 | The production technology of extension spring |
| CN107297599A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-27 | 佛山市凡卡家具有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of spring for mattress |
| CN108994738A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-14 | 山东汽车弹簧厂淄博有限公司 | Double ball blast surface strengthening technologies |
| CN110079655A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-02 | 苏州德格斯精密制造有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of high yield spring |
| CN110681807A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-01-14 | 泰州市苏源汽车配件有限公司 | Spring curling and forming treatment process applied to display screen steering system |
| CN111804854A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-23 | 永嘉县三和弹簧有限公司 | Machining process of arc-shaped spring |
| CN112695435A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-23 | 厦门市能诚电子科技有限公司 | Production process and equipment of slingshot wire |
| US11248674B2 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2022-02-15 | Ressorts Liberte Inc. | Coil spring and method of fabrication thereof |
| CN116042995A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-05-02 | 卜常军 | Arc spring processing technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102921843B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-03-18 | 无锡威孚精密机械制造有限责任公司 | Spring production line embedded with automatic head recognition device and painting device |
| CN102921843A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-13 | 无锡威孚精密机械制造有限责任公司 | Spring production line embedded with automatic head recognition device and painting device |
| CN104493445A (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2015-04-08 | 上海核工碟形弹簧制造有限公司 | Manufacturing method of U-shaped spring for elevator security pincers |
| CN105619032A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-06-01 | 哈尔滨东安发动机（集团）有限公司 | Disk spring machining method |
| CN106734779A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-05-31 | 无锡丰力弹簧有限公司 | Hang the production technology of spring |
| CN106893843A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-27 | 无锡丰力弹簧有限公司 | The production technology of extension spring |
| CN107297599A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-27 | 佛山市凡卡家具有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of spring for mattress |
| US11248674B2 (en) | 2017-08-24 | 2022-02-15 | Ressorts Liberte Inc. | Coil spring and method of fabrication thereof |
| CN108994738A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-14 | 山东汽车弹簧厂淄博有限公司 | Double ball blast surface strengthening technologies |
| CN111804854A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-23 | 永嘉县三和弹簧有限公司 | Machining process of arc-shaped spring |
| CN110079655A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-02 | 苏州德格斯精密制造有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing method of high yield spring |
| CN110681807B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-06-29 | 泰州市苏源汽车配件有限公司 | Spring curling and forming treatment process applied to display screen steering system |
| CN110681807A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-01-14 | 泰州市苏源汽车配件有限公司 | Spring curling and forming treatment process applied to display screen steering system |
| CN112695435A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-23 | 厦门市能诚电子科技有限公司 | Production process and equipment of slingshot wire |
| CN112695435B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-09-24 | 厦门市能诚电子科技有限公司 | Production process and equipment of slingshot wire |
| CN116042995A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-05-02 | 卜常军 | Arc spring processing technology |
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