CN108747218A - A kind of processing technology of arc spring - Google Patents
A kind of processing technology of arc spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN108747218A CN108747218A CN201810559783.5A CN201810559783A CN108747218A CN 108747218 A CN108747218 A CN 108747218A CN 201810559783 A CN201810559783 A CN 201810559783A CN 108747218 A CN108747218 A CN 108747218A
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- spring
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- ball blast
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- arc spring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F35/00—Making springs from wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of processing technologys of the arc spring of big radian.A kind of processing technology of arc spring, it is characterised in that：Including following process：Wind spring；First time stress relief annealing；Grind spring；It is bent into arc spring；Second of stress relief annealing；Ball blast；Hot prestressing；Sorting；Angular rigidity and torsion-testing；Fatigue life test；Surface antirust treatment.The present invention provides a kind of free angles that can effectively be molded to be more than 45 degree of arc spring, and ensures the hot wire-CVD rate of spring less than 2%, and instantaneous torque is big, the moulding process of the arc spring of fatigue life 1,000,000 times or more；The yield rate for solving the arc spring of wide-angle existing in the prior art is low, the technical issues of being unable to normal use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture craft of spring more particularly to a kind of processing technologys of the arc spring of big radian.
Background technology
For spring as a kind of widely used elastic element, shape is mostly cylinder, production and processing can be divided into cold coiling at
Shape and hot rolling forming, wherein cold coiling forming main manufacturing procedure have wind spring → stress relief annealing → end face polish → (chamfering) →
Ball blast → processing → surface treatment → packaging etc. of halting.
Spring in order to its assembly space preferably coincide, be also designed as it is non-cylindrical, such as automobile dual-mass flywheel
Spring.The processing technology of this spring and the processing technology of helical spring are not exclusively.
Such as the Chinese patent for disclosing No. CN101092014A on December 26th, 2007, a kind of entitled automobile fluid power change
The manufacture craft and its special equipment of square device arc spring, the making step of arc spring are：Materials procurement → roll into
Arc → destressing tempering → shot peening → is halted processing → cross grinding → outer rounded corner → dimensional gaughing → performance
Inspection → fatigue life inspection → surface antirust treatment → finished product packing.The step halts processing using Special arc spring
It halts processor, side is equipped with bearing block on its pedestal, and bearing block connects press rods with pin, and the press rods other end passes through compression bar
Connector presses cylinder, and press rods are equipped with upper spiral pressure head, and pedestal is equipped with lower spiral pressure head.
The Chinese patent for disclosing CN101786221A on July 28th, 2010 for another example, the processing of entitled arc spring
The making step of method, arc spring is：
1.1 buyings are examined and choose suitable raw material；
1.2 pairs of raw material screw type bending cold coiling cambers chosen, the outer end circle of spring is enclosed simultaneously with adjacent second
Tight processing；
Spring after 1.3 pairs of cold coilings is annealed；
Both ends of the spring face is ground after 1.4 annealing, polishes the end circle of spring；
1.5 then carry out shot peening to spring；
1.6 pairs of springs Jing Guo bead carry out magnetic treatment；
It carries out cleaning after 1.7 spring degaussings and enters hot prestressing process；
Load sorting is carried out by different load dividings after 1.8 hot prestressings, performance is unanimously one group；
1.9 finally do surface antirust treatment to spring is made final products arc spring, and packaging and storage.
All it is same by the single shaft of Digital Control Plane Roll-up Spring in this procedure of wind spring in above two arc spring processing process
Control function is walked, the pitch of spring ring is constantly changing, so that the pitch on outer one side is more than the pitch of another side, comes to make to roll out
Spring be arc.There are following drawbacks for this technique：
Roll and be formed by arc, axial line in a plane, after destressing tempering process, due to spring
The variation of diameter can cause whole spring axis line to become a spiral shape, i.e., spring not in a plane, can not normally make
With.
45 degree of arc spring is more than for free angle, if being rolled camber in wind spring process, spring can be around
It wind spring mandrel quickly to rotate, under the action of from the centre of force, spring outer diameter, pitch equidimension can all generate variation, can not make
Qualified arc spring.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of free angles that can effectively be molded to be more than 45 degree of arc spring, and ensures the heat of spring
Relaxation rate is less than 2%, and instantaneous torque is big, the moulding process of the arc spring of fatigue life 1,000,000 times or more；Solves existing skill
The yield rate of the arc spring of wide-angle present in art is low, the technical issues of being unable to normal use.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is solved by following technical proposals：A kind of processing technology of arc spring,
It is characterized in that：Including following process：
The first step, wind spring, by both ends of spring and tight, are wound by steel wire embryo material according to prefabricated height, outer diameter and the number of turns
Cylindrical helical spring；
Second step, first time stress relief annealing；
Third walks, and grinds spring；
4th step, to each circle of the spring after tempering carry out one by one open away from so that the pitch of spring side is more than another
Linear springs are become arc spring by the pitch of side；
5th step, second of stress relief annealing；
6th step, ball blast, using ball blast twice, the diameter and intensity of first time ball blast are more than the diameter of the second ball blast and strong
Degree；
7th step, hot prestressing；
8th step, sorting；
9th step, angular rigidity and torsion-testing,
Tenth step, fatigue life test；
11st step, surface antirust treatment.
When first step wind spring, material is rolled by numerical-control spring coiling machine, forms the helical spring that a shape is cylindrical,
The outer diameter of its coil, pitch are equal, and both ends respectively have 1 circle -3.5 circle to be and tight, computer numerical controlled volume of the wind spring more than four axis
It is carried out on spring machine, the outer diameter control accuracy of spring coiling machine should be less than 0.2mm, and number of turns control is less than 0.1 circle, spring free length control
Precision is less than 0.5mm.Arc molding is not carried out to spring when wind spring, but first cylindrical spring is adopted after wind spring
A temper is carried out with mesh-belt type hot air circulation annealing stove, remains in being harmful in spring material in coiling process to eliminate
Residual tension.Then the work support face at the both ends of spring is polished using spring grinder, spring end face angle of grinding surface exists
270 °~340 °, end residual thickness is more than the 10% of steel wire diameter.It has passed through tempering and eliminate harmful residual tensile stress and mill
After spring, then carry out camber line molding, by columned spring side open away from, formed arc spring, arc spring after molding
Natural torsion is at an arc, and spacing unevenness is less than 0.5mm between inside and outside steel wire, and spring plane degree is less than 2mm, bullet
Spring end initial position is consistent.After forming arc, temper is carried out again, ensure that arc spring after shaping
It will not spring back, meet the molding needs of wide-angle arc spring.The present invention be by wind spring-annealing-mill spring-camber line at
Shape-annealing, such twice annealing, wind spring and camber line shape the machine-shaping that separated technique completes the spring of wide-angle, molding
The axis of arc spring of wide-angle be located on same camber line, and spring is not easy to deform, and hot wire-CVD rate is low, high yield rate.
It is big to avoid the arc outer diameter for just having carried out arc molding generation in original processing technology while wind spring, pitch variation,
The very difficult problem of state modulator, camber line is molded while wind spring in original technique, because radian is bigger so that spooled
Circle rotation is made in part along wind spring mandrel, causes size unstable.And the method for the present invention is by wind spring and camber line molding point
It drives row into, effectively avoids this problem.It is tempered after molding arc spring while also avoiding wind spring simultaneously, spring shaft
Heart line is not on a camber line so that the problem of molding effect of spring is bad, and spring does not shift in a plane.This
It is tempered once, is tempered again after camber line molding primary so that spring camber line angle after molding is kept after invention wind spring.
Preferably, selecting raw material before wind spring, the case hardness of raw material is more than 51HRC, and the section of raw material is received
Shrinkage is more than 35%, surpasses without the non-metallic inclusion more than 15 microns, raw material surface in 1/3 range of section radius of raw material
Crossing 40 microns of injurous defect answers spray paint as significantly mark.In the work of automobile dual-mass flywheel arc spring, spring
There is very big frictional resistance with the arc groove of flywheel, therefore it is required that the raw material of spring have higher tensile strength, surface hard
Degree and higher toughness properties, while stringent control has been carried out to the non-metallic inclusion in material.The mark of spray painting can be with
It is identified during wind spring, to be eliminated.
Preferably, the temperature of the first time stress relief annealing after the wind spring is at 320 DEG C~470 DEG C, annealing time
At 30-65 minutes, effective soaking time of tempering furnace was more than spring into the 40% of the time of coming out of the stove.By first time tempered spring
The residual stress on surface is less than 150Mpa, eliminates the harmful stress in the spring after wind spring, improves the service life of spring.
Preferably, the temperature of second of stress relief annealing is at 200 DEG C~450 DEG C, annealing time is 20~60
Minute, effective soaking time of tempering furnace is more than spring into the 40% of the time of coming out of the stove.Second is carried out after camber line molding to be tempered,
The residual stress of spring surface is less than 250Mpa, ensures the molding effect of the molding spring of camber line.
Preferably, the ball blast carries out ball blast using Caterpillar type shot blasting machine, the projectile material of ball blast is that steel wire is cut
Ball, the hardness of steel wire cut pill are more than 600HV, cast shot linear velocity and are not less than 60m/s, first time ball blast a diameter of 0.4~
0.8mm, a diameter of 0.2~0.6mm of second of ball blast.Twice when ball blast, the frequency of jettisoninging of shot-blasting machine is not less than 50Hz, passes through
After first time ball blast, spring surfaces externally and internally and coverage rate are not less than 95%, and ball blast intensity is not less than 0.3A, and the residual pressure on surface is answered
Power is not less than -500Mpa, and subsurface maximum residual stress is not less than -700Mpa.After second of ball blast, appearance in spring
Face and coverage rate are not less than 100%, and ball blast intensity is not less than 0.2A, and the residual compressive stress on surface is not less than -600Mpa, subsurface
Maximum residual stress is not less than -800Mpa.
Preferably, the hot prestressing temperature is set as 180 DEG C~280 DEG C, soaking time was at 10~30 minutes, pressure
It is set as 1.2~2 times of spring theory pressure and torque, during suppressing, the actual temperature of spring is not less than 50 DEG C, power press
Spring is depressed into and 0.5~15s of next stop, it is 1~5 time to suppress number.Relaxing of spring is prevented after hot prestressing, is carried
The high fatigue strength of spring.
Preferably, the sorting includes radius of curvature sorting, angular sorting and verticality sorting.By examining equipment
The free angle and verticality of spring, while the arc radius of detection spring are accurately measured, qualified products are selected.
Preferably, the radian of the spring after arc wind spring is more than π/4.The good forming effect of the spring of wide-angle, finished product
Rate is high.
Therefore, the processing technology of arc spring of the invention has following advantages：For wide-angle arc spring at
Type rate is high, and the central axis of spring is located on same camber line, and arc not will produce offset, and the parameter of spring is easy to control, fatigue
Long lifespan.
Specific implementation mode
Below by embodiment, the technical solution of invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment：
A kind of processing technology of arc spring selects OTEVA 75SC materials as the raw material of processing, checks raw material
Substandard product is eliminated, wind spring is carried out.Wind spring carries out on the computer numerical control spring coiling machine more than four axis, and steel wire embryo material is according to prefabricated
Both ends of spring and tight are wound into cylindrical helical spring by highly, outer diameter and the number of turns.It is kept in tempering furnace after wind spring
Annealing temperature is stress relief annealing under conditions of 410 DEG C, and soaking time is 60 minutes, and the residual stress of spring surface is less than
150Mpa.After annealing, the both ends of the surface of spring are ground, at 270~330 degree, end residual thickness is more than grinding angle
0.15d (d is steel wire diameter) is carried out the coil of the helical spring of winding one by one using arc former after grinding
The pitch for being more than the other side away from so that the pitch of spring side is opened, to form the arc spring that angle is more than 45 degree, after molding
Spring plane degree be less than 2mm, angle be more than 45 degree.Spring after molding carries out second of stress relief annealing, and annealing temperature is
350 DEG C, annealing time is 60 minutes, and the residual stress of spring surface is less than 250Mpa.After double annealing, with the steel wire of 0.7mm
The hardness of ball blast, shot is more than 600HV, and ball blast, ball blast line are carried out to spring in shot-blasting machine of the frequency not less than 50Hz of jettisoninging
Speed is not less than 60m/s, and ball blast intensity is 0.36A, and the residual compressive stress of ball blast rear surface is not less than -500Mpa, and subsurface is most
Big residual compressive stress is not less than -700Mpa.Second of ball blast is carried out after first time ball blast, using the steel wire ball blast of 0.4mm, ball blast
Intensity is 0.25, and after second of ball blast, spring surfaces externally and internally and coverage rate are not less than 100%, and ball blast intensity is not less than
The residual compressive stress of 0.2A, surface are not less than -600Mpa, and subsurface maximum residual stress is not less than -800Mpa.By secondary
Arc spring after the ball blast heating temperature in power press is 220 DEG C, keeps the temperature 20 minutes, suppress to and it is tight, and keep 3s, suppress
3 completion hot prestressing processes, during suppressing, the actual temperature of spring is not less than 100 DEG C, and pressure is set as spring theory pressure
And 2 times of torque.Spring after suppressing send to screening installation and carries out free angle sorting, verticality sorting, and radius of curvature sorts,
Angular rigidity and operation torque test, fatigue life test.Above-mentioned free angle, verticality, radius of curvature are wanted according to client
It asks and is selected.Angular rigidity and torque carry out on arc spring machine for testing torsion, machine for testing torsion cooperation and spring arc half
The matched test fixture of diameter can accurately measure the progress curve and return curve of spring, and the angle that can calculate spring automatically is rigid
Degree.Through sorting and fatigue test after qualified spring, applying preventive by dipping oil completes surface antirust treatment, after antirust treatment
Spring packaging and storage.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of processing technology of arc spring, it is characterised in that：Including following process：
The first step, wind spring, by both ends of spring and tight, are wound into cylinder by steel wire embryo material according to prefabricated height, outer diameter and the number of turns
The helical spring of shape；
Second step, first time stress relief annealing；
Third walks, and grinds spring；
4th step, to each circle of the spring after annealing carry out one by one open away from so that the pitch of spring side is more than the other side
Pitch, linear springs are become into arc spring；It has passed through after annealing eliminates harmful residual tensile stress and mill spring, then carry out arc
Line is molded, and columned spring side is opened away from formation arc spring, arc spring natural torsion after molding is at one
Arc, spacing unevenness is less than 0.5mm between inside and outside steel wire；
5th step, second of stress relief annealing；
6th step, ball blast, using ball blast twice, the diameter and intensity of first time ball blast are more than the diameter and intensity of the second ball blast；
7th step, hot prestressing；
8th step, sorting；
9th step, angular rigidity and torsion-testing,
Tenth step, fatigue life test；
11st step, surface antirust treatment.
2. a kind of processing technology of arc spring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Former material is selected before wind spring
The case hardness of material, raw material is more than 51HRC, and the contraction percentage of area of raw material is more than 35%, 1/3 model of section radius of raw material
The non-metallic inclusion that interior nothing is more than 15 microns is enclosed, raw material surface is more than that 40 microns of injurous defect answers spray paint as notable
Mark.
3. a kind of processing technology of arc spring according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：After the wind spring
The temperature of first time stress relief annealing is at 320 DEG C~470 DEG C, and annealing time was at 30-65 minutes, effective soaking time of tempering furnace
More than spring into the 40% of the time of coming out of the stove.
4. a kind of processing technology of arc spring according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Described goes for the second time
The temperature of stress annealing is at 200 DEG C~450 DEG C, and for annealing time at 20~60 minutes, effective soaking time of tempering furnace was more than bullet
Spring into the time of coming out of the stove 40%.
5. a kind of processing technology of arc spring according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The ball blast uses
Caterpillar type shot blasting machine carries out ball blast, and the projectile material of ball blast is steel wire cut pill, and the hardness of steel wire cut pill is more than 600HV, casts
Shot linear velocity be not less than 60m/s, a diameter of 0.4~0.8mm of first time ball blast, second of ball blast a diameter of 0.2~
0.6mm。
6. a kind of processing technology of arc spring according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The hot prestressing temperature
Degree is set as 180 DEG C~280 DEG C, and for soaking time at 10~30 minutes, pressure was set as the 1.2~2 of spring theory pressure and torque
Times, during suppressing, the actual temperature of spring is not less than 50 DEG C, and spring is depressed into and 0.5~15s of next stop by power press,
It is 1~5 time to suppress number.
7. a kind of processing technology of arc spring according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The sorting step
Including radius of curvature sorting, angular sorting and verticality sorting.
8. a kind of processing technology of arc spring according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Bullet after arc wind spring
The radian of spring is more than π/4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810559783.5A CN108747218A (en) | 2018-06-02 | 2018-06-02 | A kind of processing technology of arc spring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810559783.5A CN108747218A (en) | 2018-06-02 | 2018-06-02 | A kind of processing technology of arc spring |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108747218A true CN108747218A (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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| CN201810559783.5A Withdrawn CN108747218A (en) | 2018-06-02 | 2018-06-02 | A kind of processing technology of arc spring |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110842067A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-28 | 常州泰瑞弹簧有限公司 | Method for manufacturing spring of shock absorber sleeve coil |
| CN111070103A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 安徽科蓝特铝业有限公司 | Surface shot blasting method without affecting surface integrity |
| CN111804854A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-23 | 永嘉县三和弹簧有限公司 | Machining process of arc-shaped spring |
| CN111893285A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-06 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Composite strengthening method for prolonging fatigue life and resisting permanent deformation of single leaf spring |
| CN114083246A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆三四零三汽车零部件有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-stress plate spring |
| CN115139062A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-04 | 杰森能源技术有限公司 | Oil pipe manufacturing method |
-
2018
- 2018-06-02 CN CN201810559783.5A patent/CN108747218A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111804854A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2020-10-23 | 永嘉县三和弹簧有限公司 | Machining process of arc-shaped spring |
| CN110842067A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-28 | 常州泰瑞弹簧有限公司 | Method for manufacturing spring of shock absorber sleeve coil |
| CN111070103A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-28 | 安徽科蓝特铝业有限公司 | Surface shot blasting method without affecting surface integrity |
| CN111893285A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-06 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Composite strengthening method for prolonging fatigue life and resisting permanent deformation of single leaf spring |
| CN114083246A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆三四零三汽车零部件有限公司 | Manufacturing process of high-stress plate spring |
| CN115139062A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-10-04 | 杰森能源技术有限公司 | Oil pipe manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20181106 |