CN108436400A - A kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring - Google Patents
A kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108436400A CN108436400A CN201810559761.9A CN201810559761A CN108436400A CN 108436400 A CN108436400 A CN 108436400A CN 201810559761 A CN201810559761 A CN 201810559761A CN 108436400 A CN108436400 A CN 108436400A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- locating piece
- insulating
- producing technology
- rigidity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of production methods of spring.A kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring, including feeding, wind spring grind spring, it is characterised in that：After grinding spring, the end face of both ends of the spring is polished；Spring after polishing is corrected, and locating piece is put into the two ends of spring, and gap processing is carried out to the two ends of spring；Spring with locating piece is integrally put into soaking pit to quench；The quenched spring with locating piece is adjusted, and the spring after adjustment, which places into, carries out temper in tempering furnace, after temper, take out spring, and the locating piece for getting rid of both ends of the spring completes the processing of spring.The present invention provides under same size, producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring that the rigidity of spring can be adjusted according to the demand of user；Solves the processing existing in the prior art for high rigidity spring, under same specification, rigidity cannot adjustment technology problem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of spring more particularly to a kind of lifes for applying the spring in track for shock insulation
Production. art.
Background technology
For spring as a kind of widely used elastic element, shape is mostly cylinder, production and processing can be divided into cold coiling at
Shape and hot rolling forming, wherein cold coiling forming main manufacturing procedure have wind spring → stress relief annealing → end face polish → (chamfering) →
Ball blast → processing → surface treatment → packaging etc. of halting.The main manufacturing procedure of hot rolling forming has mill spring-quenching-adjustment-tempering-
Ball blast-halts, and-surface treatment-packs.
Spring uses in different places, and the performance requirement and shape to spring are also just different.Some places need high-elastic
Property spring, some places need the spring of high rigidity, because to the difference that spring performance requires, and make different springs
Processing technology is different.
Such as Chinese patent：" processing method (CN101125402A) for the hot coiling spring that wire diameter is 90 millimeters " step
It is as follows：Sorting, blanking, tagging, hot briquetting, quenching treatment, temper are made to examine thermal treatment quality and stabilizing spring size
Swirling flows, make the mill spring processing for ensureing free height and verticality, spring-load tested by design requirement, flaw detection is handled,
It examines, nine processing of spray, surface treatment.This is a kind of processing of helical spring, the spring of the large bearing capacity for little spring.
Also on December 26th, 2007 Chinese patent for disclosing No. CN101092014A, a kind of entitled automobile fluid power becomes
The manufacture craft and its special equipment of square device arc spring, the making step of arc spring are：Materials procurement → roll into
Arc → destressing tempering → shot peening → is halted processing → cross grinding → outer rounded corner → dimensional gaughing → performance
Inspection → fatigue life inspection → surface antirust treatment → finished product packing.The step halts processing using Special arc spring
It halts processor, side is equipped with bearing block on its pedestal, and bearing block connects press rods with pin, and the press rods other end passes through compression bar
Connector presses cylinder, and press rods are equipped with upper spiral pressure head, and pedestal is equipped with lower spiral pressure head.This is answering for arc spring
With.But the big rigid spring for playing function of shock insulation for being used in being built in city rail, add there is no any spring
Work technique.
Invention content
The present invention provides under same size, track that the rigidity of spring can be adjusted according to the demand of user
The production technology of shock insulation spring；Solves the processing existing in the prior art for high rigidity spring, under same specification, rigidity
It cannot adjustment technology problem.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is solved by following technical proposals：A kind of production work of track shock insulation spring
Skill, including feeding, wind spring grind spring, it is characterised in that：After grinding spring, the end face of both ends of the spring is polished；Bullet after polishing
Spring is corrected, and locating piece is put into the two ends of spring, and gap processing is carried out to the two ends of spring；It will be with locating piece
Spring is integrally put into soaking pit and is quenched；The quenched spring with locating piece is adjusted, and the spring after adjustment is put again
Enter and carry out temper in tempering furnace, after temper, take out spring, the locating piece for getting rid of both ends of the spring completes spring
Processing.The spring in different application field, dimensions parameter always have a stringent restriction, such as the number of coils, bullet
The ratio of height to diameter of spring curls up ratio, piece weight etc..Spring under certain specification needs to ensure that having certain working limit answers
Power, spring rate and service life meet the needs of applicable situation to ensure spring in use.Original cylinder
Spring production process in, it is always necessary to the both ends of spring are carried out and tight, so that it is determined that the number of active coils of spring, ensures spring
Performance.The spring production process of the present invention eliminates both ends of the spring and this tight process in process of production, take and
Instead of be by the carry out gap processing of both ends of the spring.In the case where ensureing the number of total coils of spring, the effective of spring is increased
The number of turns, in original technique, the number of total coils of spring be equal to spring number of active coils and both ends and collar number summation.The present invention
Spring production process in, both ends of the spring is put into locating piece, gap is carried out to the spring at both ends, increases the coil of spring
Number, to change the rigidity of spring after molding, the number of active coils of spring is more, and the rigidity of spring is smaller, spring it is effective
The number of turns is inversely proportional with the rigidity of spring.In the case where ensure that the number of total coils of spring, by adjusting both ends of the spring from
The number of turns is stitched, to adjust the rigidity of the spring in the case of same specification.Locating piece can be disc shape, or square piece shape,
As long as ensureing certain thickness, it is separated between the two adjacent rings of the spring at both ends, then passes through quenching and tempering process
Spring after gap is carried out shaping, ensures the rigidity of spring.
Preferably, the thickness of the locating piece is 0.8mm~2mm.The thickness of locating piece is wanted according to the rigidity of spring
The distance between summation spring two adjacent rings are adjusted, and ensure the requirement of spring.
Preferably, the number of turns of the spring with locating piece is 2~4 circles.The number of turns that spring cracks is more, bullet
The number of active coils of spring is more, and to which rigidity is with regard to smaller, the number of turns cracked is determined according to use demand, by original needs and tight
Both ends spring carry out processing of cracking.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the wind spring process is 920~1000 DEG C, soaking time≤13min after heating,
Using the heating wind spring method of first in first out.The spring single layer for needing wind spring to handle is lain in heating furnace, is put in one
It heats and puts in again one, take being evenly heated for first in first out, material portion is more than 20 in stove, after being warmed to assigned temperature
Heat preservation ensures that material surface heats defect without overheat, burning, serious decarburization etc., and when moving back spring, spring is motionless, mandrel reversion, spring
It must not abrade, scratch or collide with sharp object, the height about 183cm of wind spring.
Preferably, in the mill spring process, flour milling angle is 240~300 °, and end thickness is in 9mm or more.Flour milling is smooth
Do not rock, flour milling without casting skin, without serious burn-off phenomenon.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the quenching process is 830 DEG C~870 DEG C, the time for passing in and out soaking pit is 80
~120min, quenching are cooled down using machine oil, and spring cooling is detached from oil temperature and is not less than 60 DEG C.By quenched lining bar hardness
>56HRC。
Preferably, the heating temperature of the tempering process is 400 DEG C~450 DEG C, the time for passing in and out tempering furnace is 180
~220min, tempering use water cooling, spring to be more than 2min, spring hardness 45-51HRC cooling time.
Therefore, a kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring of the invention has following advantages：By changing having for spring
The number of turns is imitated to change the rigidity of spring so that the rigidity of the spring under same specification is adjustable；By both ends in original spring technique
And the tight number of coils carries out gap, increases the number of active coils of spring, the relationship being inversely proportional using number of active coils and rigidity is reduced
The rigidity of spring.
Specific implementation mode
Below by embodiment, the technical solution of invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment：
A kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring is the spring of 44.5*190.5*175*3.5mm with processed springs specification
For.The first step, feeding.Carry out the examination of materials first, material surface and end face be not allow for crackle, fold, scab, being layered,
Pit, corrosion, the defects of being mingled with, for the selection of round steel diameter in 1. 44.5mm, feeding length is 1470mm.
Second step, end system is flat, by the stone roller point machine of HX-2000, by round steel system it is flat be band steel that length is 1600mm, two
The width at end is less than middle section, and circular heating method is taken in the flat heating of material system, and heating temperature is at 1000 DEG C or so, after system is flat
Surface no concave-convex is uneven, makes the surface defects such as flat crackle, overheat, burning, serious decarburization.
Third walks, wind spring, and wind spring process is carried out using numerical-control spring coiling machine.Before wind spring to the size of material, crackle, Di values with
And plug size is checked, single layer of material is kept flat in heating furnace, and heating temperature is at 950 DEG C or so, material homogeneous heating, stove
Interior material quantity must not exceed 20, to temperature after soaking time≤13min.Take circulating-heating wind spring method, material surface
Defect is heated in no overheat, burning, serious decarburization etc..When rolling flat part, handle must not rotate, in case flange, rolls spring end
When end, making flat part should be adjacent to guide plate.When moving back spring, spring is motionless, and mandrel reversion, wind spring height is 183mm.
4th step grinds spring, and mill spring is carried out in the spring grinding machine of MT650-32, and flour milling angle is 250 ° or so, and end thickness exists
9mm or more, flour milling is smooth not to be rocked.
5th step, correction, calibrated altitude 178mm, verticality≤1mm, the depth of parallelism are less than 1.0mm, spacing at 0.8 circle
20.8mm, spring pitch are poor<4mm, the both ends of spring be placed with thickness be 1.2mm original shape locating piece, locating piece it is transversal
The diameter in face is identical as the diameter of spring.
6th step, quenching carry out quenching process using soaking pit.Spring with locating piece is put into soaking pit, is added
Hot temperature is maintained at 850 DEG C or so, and into coming out of the stove, the time is 95 minutes or so, is cooled down by machine oil, and cooling temperature is 50~80 DEG C,
Spring cooling is detached from oil temperature and is not less than 60 DEG C, lining bar hardness>56HRC.
7th step, adjustment.Height 178mm, verticality≤1mm are adjusted, the depth of parallelism is less than 1.0mm, spacing at 0.8 circle
20.8mm, spring pitch are poor<4mm is placed with the original shape locating piece that thickness is 1.2mm at the both ends of spring.
8th step, tempering, is tempered in tempering furnace.Spring with locating piece is put into tempering furnace, heating temperature
Degree is maintained at 425 DEG C or so, is 200 minutes or so into the time of coming out of the stove, and by water cooling, cooling temperature is not higher than 60 DEG C, spring
Cooling time>2min, spring hardness are maintained at 48HRC or so.
9th step checks packaging, and the locating piece of both ends of the spring is removed, the parameters of spring is checked, ensures spring
Free height：172.5-175mm, spring outer diameter：190.5 ± 1.5mm, verticality：0-2mm, the depth of parallelism：0-0.3mm, spring are rigid
Degree is 5700N/mm.
Process above step and its dimensions parameter, only one of the application embodiment, remaining is with identical work
The technique that sequence step is processed the spring for adjusting various rigidity is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring, including feeding, wind spring grind spring, it is characterised in that：After grinding spring, to bullet
The end face at spring both ends is polished；Spring after polishing is corrected, and locating piece is put into the two ends of spring, to the two of spring
End carries out gap processing, and both ends of the spring is put into locating piece, carries out gap to the spring at both ends, increases the coil of spring
Number, to change the rigidity of spring after molding, the number of active coils of spring is more, and the rigidity of spring is smaller, spring it is effective
The number of turns is inversely proportional with the rigidity of spring；Spring with locating piece is integrally put into soaking pit to quench；It is quenched
Spring with locating piece is adjusted, and the spring after adjustment, which places into, carries out temper in tempering furnace, by temper
Afterwards, spring is taken out, the locating piece for getting rid of both ends of the spring completes the processing of spring.
2. a kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The locating piece
Thickness is 0.8mm~2mm.
3. a kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The spring carries
The number of turns of locating piece is 2~4 circles.
4. a kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The volume
The heating temperature of spring process is 920~1000 DEG C, soaking time≤13min after heating, using the heating wind spring side of first in first out
Method.
5. a kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The mill spring
In process, flour milling angle is 240~300 °, and end thickness is in 9mm or more.
6. a kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：Described quenches
The heating temperature of firer's sequence is 830 DEG C~870 DEG C, and the time for passing in and out soaking pit is 80~120min, and quenching is cooled down using machine oil,
Spring cooling is detached from oil temperature and is not less than 60 DEG C.
7. a kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that：Described returns
The heating temperature of firer's sequence is 400 DEG C~450 DEG C, and the time for passing in and out tempering furnace is 180~220min, and tempering uses water cooling, bullet
Spring is more than 2min, spring hardness 45-51HRC cooling time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810559761.9A CN108436400A (en) | 2018-06-02 | 2018-06-02 | A kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810559761.9A CN108436400A (en) | 2018-06-02 | 2018-06-02 | A kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108436400A true CN108436400A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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ID=63205949
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810559761.9A Withdrawn CN108436400A (en) | 2018-06-02 | 2018-06-02 | A kind of producing technology of rail shock-insulating spring |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110480256A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏长龄液压股份有限公司 | A kind of spring production process |
-
2018
- 2018-06-02 CN CN201810559761.9A patent/CN108436400A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110480256A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏长龄液压股份有限公司 | A kind of spring production process |
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Application publication date: 20180824 |