CN103567716B - Ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process - Google Patents

Ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103567716B
CN103567716B CN201310353649.7A CN201310353649A CN103567716B CN 103567716 B CN103567716 B CN 103567716B CN 201310353649 A CN201310353649 A CN 201310353649A CN 103567716 B CN103567716 B CN 103567716B
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spring
manufacturing process
shot
stress
ultrahigh
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CN103567716A (en
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邵承玉
姜国焱
沈有忠
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HANGZHOU FUCHUN SPRING CO Ltd
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HANGZHOU FUCHUN SPRING CO Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F3/00—Coiling wire into particular forms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding
    • C23C8/26—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of spring manufacturing process, particularly relate to a kind of design stress the ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process of 1250MPa. A kind of ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process to carry out nitrogen treatment in spring manufacture process, to improve the spring endurance degree when ultrahigh stress. Before nitriding spring is carried out surface Hardening Treatment, namely before nitriding spring is carried out surface peening ball blast and can repair the end defect that spring produces when grinding and chamfering, improve nitrogenizing effect, it is ensured that product does not produce the fracture of end circle in fatigue test and use. The invention provides the spring of a kind of double clutch that can effectively produce the design stress ultrahigh stress more than 1250Mpa; Solve prior art exists for ultrahigh stress spring production process, do not reach requirement fatigue life, the technical problem that end circle is easily broken off.

Description

Ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spring manufacturing process, particularly relate to the ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process of a kind of design stress > 1250MPa.
Background technology
Clutch, between electromotor and variator, is electromotor and transmission power transmission " switch ", and it is that one can transmit power, can cut off again the drive mechanism of power. Its effect mainly ensures automobile energy gentle start, alleviates the shock loading of change-speed gearing and prevent drive system from transshipping during gear shift. The use of double clutch, it is possible to make variator have two gear engagements simultaneously, make gear shift operation more quick. DSG (DirectShiftGearbox) variator is mainly made up of multi-sheet wet-type double clutch, triple axle gear-shift mechanism, automatic gearshift, Electronic Control hydraulic control system. Wherein most the core of intention is double clutch and triple axle gear-box.
Ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs is the critical component in DSG double-clutch speed changer, this spring is owing to being ultrahigh stress design (design stress > 1250MPa), manufacture difficulty is very high, more much more complex than conventional clutch spring manufacturing process, equally also much more complex than heavily stressed valve spring (design stress 980MPa) manufacturing process.
Such as Chinese patent: " manufacturing process (200710170640) of heavily stressed valve spring ", the manufacturing process of a kind of heavily stressed valve spring, it is characterised in that include following operation: wind spring, it is be semi-finished product spring by wire stock roll-forming; First time tempering, be by above-mentioned roll-forming be semi-finished product spring carry out first time lonneal destressing;Mill spring, is that two end faces of semi-finished product spring to above-mentioned first time tempering carry out grinding, makes the drift of semi-finished product spring reach required length; Chamfering is the burr after removing above-mentioned semi-finished product spring grinding or requires to carry out chamfering according to Product Assembly; Stress optimization, be by above-mentioned chamfering after semi-finished product spring carry out stress optimization; Second time tempering, is that above-mentioned spring after stress optimization is carried out lonneal destressing again; First time shot-peening, is the fatigue life improving spring; Second time shot-peening, is the fatigue life improving spring further; Hot pressing, is make the relaxation test of product and permanent deformation can meet user demand; Load classification, is the load of on-line checking spring, the spring that load is overproof is rejected, load qualified products just become heavily stressed valve spring product; Oil, be that above-mentioned qualified heavily stressed valve spring product is oiled, prepare packaging.
But for the design stress spring more than 1250Mpa, do not do any disclosing in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the spring of a kind of double clutch that can effectively produce the design stress ultrahigh stress more than 1250Mpa; Solve prior art exists for ultrahigh stress spring production process, do not reach requirement fatigue life, the technical problem that end circle is easily broken off.
The present invention above-mentioned be technical problem is that and solved by following technical proposals: ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps that:
The first step, carries out raw-material selection and inspection;
Second step, by steel wire stock cold rolling forming;
3rd step, carries out stress relief annealing to the spring after cold rolling forming;
The both ends of the surface of spring are carried out grinding and end circle chamfering by the 4th step;
5th step, carries out throwing pill strengthening process before nitrogenizing, it is ensured that it is uniform that nitrided surface does not have speckle, nitridation process nitriding thickness;
6th step, demagnetizing and cleaning;
7th step, carries out surfaces nitrided to spring, controls nitride layer, white layer thickness��2 ��m, control table surface hardness 825��975HV0.5;
8th step, performs twice at Shot Blasting after nitrogenizing, and improves fatigue life;
9th step, spring carries out hot prestressing process;
Tenth step, inspection and test;
11st step, surface antirust treatment.
What produce due to application claims is the spring of ultrahigh stress, owing to the stress of spring requires to be greater than 1250Mpa, is therefore accomplished by carrying out in process nitrogen treatment, to improve the spring endurance degree when ultrahigh stress. in nitriding process, would generally occur that nitriding is uneven, nitride layer, white layer thickness is blocked up, although the big wearability of nitride layer, white layer thickness is good, but surface brittleness is also big, easily form tired source, cause fatigue fracture, thickness in order to be guaranteed in realizing in nitriding process nitriding is uniform, before nitriding spring is carried out surface Hardening Treatment, the hardness of shot, the diameter of intensity and shot is all bigger, its effect is not merely to clear up spring surface oxide skin, and it is present to ensure that spring is in follow-up nitridation process, can effectively suppress nitrided surface that speckle occurs, spring surface is made to reach certain case hardness, improve the fatigue life of product, simultaneously, before nitriding, spring is carried out surface peening ball blast and can repair end defect (grinding and the chamfering scar that spring produces when grinding and chamfering, burr), guarantee that product does not produce the fracture of end circle in fatigue test and use.
As preferably, the described front throwing pill strengthening that nitrogenizes processes, and shot diameter is 0.7mm, and shot hardness is HV700 level, and ball blast intensity is 0.30��0.45A, coverage rate >=90%. Ball blast intensity is big, spring surface is strengthened, provides safeguard for follow-up nitridation process.
As preferably, controlling nitride layer depth during described nitrogen treatment is 0.08��0.12mm, and the hardness >=650HV0.5 of command range spring surface 0.05mm depth controls core hardness >=520HV10. Nitridation process includes pre-treatment-feeding-evacuation-intensification-nitriding atmosphere control-insulation-cooling-blanking-check test. After nitrogenizing, it is ensured that the case hardness of spring and intensity, improve the service life when ultrahigh stress.
As preferably, spring nitrogenize after through twice ball blast; After nitrogenizing, the 1st shot-peening drum-type shot blasting machine carries out, and adopts the shot of 0.8mm, shot hardness HV800 level, and intensity is 0.45��0.55A, coverage rate >=90%; After nitrogenizing, the 2nd shot-peening Caterpillar type shot blasting machine carries out, and adopts the shot of 0.4mm, and shot hardness HV640 level, intensity is 0.25��0.35A, coverage rate >=100%.
As preferably, raw material selection Si-Cr-V-Ni high intensity super clean oil-temper alloy-steel wire, the bad depth requirements of decarburization and surface: without the degree of depth��0.5%d of full decarburization, part surface decarburization and surface defect, wherein d is steel wire diameter, non-metallic inclusion :��15um. Intensity is good, improves follow-up nitrogenizing effect.
As preferably, then the shot that rejecting end circle is mingled with after the 8th step carries out the hot prestressing of the 9th step again and processes. Suppress effective, will not be mingled with because of shot and wherein cause spring surface impression to affect fatigue life.
As preferably, when second step cold rolling forming, control wind spring speed��90/minute, automatically rejecting surface defective material is detected when cold rolling forming, the symmetrical end circle helical angle that controls, 25 �� of place gap��0.2mm of control end circle, the gap of 0.75 circle can not more than the gap of building ring.
As preferably, the stress relief annealing temperature of the 3rd step is at 410 DEG C��430 DEG C, and the time is 40��60 minutes.
As preferably, both ends of the spring grinding face >=280 ��, termination thickness >=1.5d, from circle place, termination 0.5 thickness >=0.65d (d is material steel wire wire diameter). After demagnetizing and cleaning, it is desirable to the Gauss of remanent magnetism��3. The hot prestressing of spring carries out on special full-automatic spring hot prestressing machine. Design temperature, at 200-260 DEG C, controls 30-40 second static pressure time, pressure setting, spacing mistake proofing. The surface antirust treatment of spring answers dip-coating one soft film anti-rust oil, controls oil film thickness by the centrifuge dripping time.
Therefore, the ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process of the present invention possesses following advantage: utilize nitridation process to improve product service life when ultrahigh stress, ensure 5,000,000 times not lose efficacy, it is possible to produce the design stress ultrahigh stress clutch spring more than 1250Mpa. Simultaneously in order to ensure nitrogenizing effect, reduce individual pen and end circle fracture probability, improve the performance of product.
Detailed description of the invention
By the examples below, the technical scheme of invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
A kind of manufacturing process of the ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs of design stress > 1250MPa, specific as follows:
Select satisfactory raw material: �� 3.85 �� 0.025,0TEVA90SC, Rm=2080-2180MPa.Numerical-control spring coiling machine carries out cold rolling forming: number of total coils 5.0 �� 0.05 encloses, length 29.2 �� 0.15, two ends adjacent turn 25 �� place gap��0.2mm, bracing ring gap, two ends 0-0.75 encloses even transition, 0.75 ring gap can not more than building ring, wind spring shaping speed < 90/point, external diameter 15.64 �� 0.2 does X��R control, Cpk >=1.33 (frequency 5/hour), and surface defective material is rejected in detection automatically. Spring carries out 420 DEG C of stress relief annealings, and temperature retention time is 60 minutes. The grinding of both ends of the spring face, angle of grinding surface 280-300 degree, termination residual thickness >=0.58mm, 0.5 circle thickness >=2.5mm. 1*45 �� of Quan Dao exterior angle, two ends. Nitrogenizing front Shot Blasting, ball blast intensity is 0.30��0.45A, coverage rate >=90%. Demagnetizing and cleaning, it is desirable to remanent magnetism��3 Gauss. Nitrogenize index: case hardness 835��975HV0.5, from the hardness >=650HV0.5 of spring surface 0.05mm depth, nitride layer, white layer thickness��2um, nitride layer depth 0.08��0.12mm, core hardness >=520HV10. Spring nitrogenize after through twice ball blast; After nitrogenizing, the 1st ball blast drum-type shot blasting machine carries out, and adopts the shot of 0.8mm, shot hardness HV800 level, and intensity is 0.45��0.55A, coverage rate >=90%; After nitrogenizing, the 2nd ball blast Caterpillar type shot blasting machine carries out, and adopts the shot of 0.4mm, and shot hardness HV640 level, intensity is 0.25��0.35A, coverage rate >=100%. Hot prestressing: temperature, at 240 �� 5 DEG C, controls 35 seconds static pressure time, pressure setting, spacing mistake proofing. Full-scale and open defect is undertaken by automatic image separator. Check test: see following table:

Claims (7)

1. ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps that:
The first step, carries out raw-material selection and inspection;
Second step, by steel wire stock cold rolling forming;
3rd step, carries out stress relief annealing to the spring after cold rolling forming;
The both ends of the surface of spring are carried out grinding and end circle chamfering by the 4th step;
5th step, carries out throwing pill strengthening process before nitrogenizing, it is ensured that it is uniform that nitrided surface does not have speckle, nitridation process nitriding thickness; The described front throwing pill strengthening that nitrogenizes processes, and shot diameter is 0.7mm, and shot hardness is HV700 level, and ball blast intensity is 0.30 ~ 0.45A, coverage rate >=90%;
6th step, demagnetizing and cleaning;
7th step, carries out surfaces nitrided to spring, controls nitride layer, white layer thickness��2 ��m, control table surface hardness 825 ~ 975HV0.5;
8th step, performs twice at Shot Blasting after nitrogenizing, and improves fatigue life;
9th step, spring carries out hot prestressing process;
Tenth step, inspection and test;
11st step, surface antirust treatment.
2. ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: controlling nitride layer depth during described nitrogen treatment is 0.08 ~ 0.12mm, hardness >=the 650HV0.5 of command range spring surface 0.05mm depth, controls core hardness >=520HV10.
3. ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: spring nitrogenize after through twice ball blast; After nitrogenizing, the 1st ball blast drum-type shot blasting machine carries out, and adopts the shot of 0.8mm, shot hardness HV800 level, and intensity is 0.45 ~ 0.55A, coverage rate >=90%; After nitrogenizing, the 2nd ball blast Caterpillar type shot blasting machine carries out, and adopts the shot of 0.4mm, and shot hardness HV640 level, intensity is 0.25 ~ 0.35A, coverage rate >=100%.
4. ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: raw material selection Si-Cr-V-Ni high intensity super clean oil-temper alloy-steel wire, the bad depth requirements of decarburization and surface: without full decarburization, the degree of depth��the 0.5%d of part surface decarburization and surface defect, wherein d is steel wire diameter, non-metallic inclusion :��15um.
5. ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: then the shot that rejecting end circle is mingled with after the 8th step carries out the hot prestressing of the 9th step again and processes.
6. ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: when second step cold rolling forming, control wind spring speed��90/minute, automatically rejecting surface defective material is detected when cold rolling forming, symmetrical control end circle helical angle, controlling 25 �� of place gap��0.2mm of end circle, the gap of 0.75 circle can not more than the gap of building ring.
7. ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the stress relief annealing temperature of the 3rd step is at 410 DEG C ~ 430 DEG C, and the time is 40 ~ 60 minutes.
CN201310353649.7A 2013-08-15 2013-08-15 Ultrahigh stress double-clutch springs manufacturing process Active CN103567716B (en)

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CN104668907A (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-06-03 南通弘峰机电有限公司 Machining process for large spring pieces
CN106181239A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-07 苏州切浦汽车零部件有限公司 The manufacturing process of electric tail gate spring
BR112020003795A2 (en) 2017-08-24 2020-09-08 Ressorts Liberte Inc. spiral spring and method of manufacturing it
CN110090906A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-08-06 苏州德格斯精密制造有限公司 A kind of high vibration high life start and stop motor spring and its manufacturing method
CN110983017A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-10 襄阳天麒机车车辆有限公司 Novel axle box spring repairing method

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CN101439458A (en) * 2007-11-20 2009-05-27 上海中国弹簧制造有限公司 Process for manufacturing heavily stressed valve spring
CN101786221A (en) * 2010-02-24 2010-07-28 钱江弹簧（北京）有限公司 Method for processing arc spring
CN102699242A (en) * 2012-04-13 2012-10-03 杭州富春弹簧有限公司 Process for processing arc-shaped spring
CN102888500A (en) * 2012-10-26 2013-01-23 国家电网公司 Heat treatment process of thermoforming spring

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JP5014660B2 (en) * 2006-03-31 2012-08-29 村田発條株式会社 Manufacturing method of arc coil spring

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101439458A (en) * 2007-11-20 2009-05-27 上海中国弹簧制造有限公司 Process for manufacturing heavily stressed valve spring
CN101786221A (en) * 2010-02-24 2010-07-28 钱江弹簧（北京）有限公司 Method for processing arc spring
CN102699242A (en) * 2012-04-13 2012-10-03 杭州富春弹簧有限公司 Process for processing arc-shaped spring
CN102888500A (en) * 2012-10-26 2013-01-23 国家电网公司 Heat treatment process of thermoforming spring

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