CN102694363A - Power electronic circuit breaker device - Google Patents
Power electronic circuit breaker device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102694363A CN102694363A CN2012101677621A CN201210167762A CN102694363A CN 102694363 A CN102694363 A CN 102694363A CN 2012101677621 A CN2012101677621 A CN 2012101677621A CN 201210167762 A CN201210167762 A CN 201210167762A CN 102694363 A CN102694363 A CN 102694363A
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Abstract
The invention provides a power electronic circuit breaker device which comprises an antiparallel thyristor, a metal oxide rheostat ZnO, an RC (resistance and capacitance) absorbing circuit, an isolating switch, a bypass switch, a control system and a current transformer (TA), the metal oxide rheostat ZnO is used as a voltage limiter, is connected with the thyristor in parallel and limits voltages at two ends of the thyristor, and the RC absorbing circuit is connected with the thyristor in parallel and used for absorbing voltage spike generated when the thyristor is switched on and off. The antiparallel thyristor, the metal oxide rheostat ZnO and the RC absorbing circuit are combined into a thyristor module. Compared with an existing circuit breaker, the device mainly consists of power electronic switch devices, is provided with the bypass switch, and accordingly is convenient to repair and maintain and simple in control, the cost performance of the circuit breaker device is high on the premise that the cost of a system is not increased, and the power electronic circuit breaker device can break optional short-circuit current in the range between 20kA and 200kA within 12ms.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power electronics semiconductor device, belong to electric power system flexible AC transmission technical field, relate in particular to a kind of quick power electronics release unit that is used for the protection of circuit on power system break-make.
Background technology
Along with fast development of national economy, society constantly increases the demand of electric power, has driven developing rapidly of electric power system, has also brought corresponding problem thereupon.At first,, make the power system capacity of transmission and distribution networks and short circuit current constantly increase, and the increase of short circuit current is also just high more with the requirement of thermally-stabilised parameter to the capacity of power equipment because the scale of electric power system constantly enlarges; In addition; Various complicacies, precision, the responsive power consumption equipment of the quality of power supply is also constantly increased; Need continuously normal power supply like important production and processing industry such as accurate laboratory apparatus, semiconductor manufacturing, petrochemical industry, metallurgy, this just requires line protective devices will have faster speed that power failure is made a response.
Circuit breaker is as an important step in the transmission line, and its quick breaking capacity and breaking current ability directly affect the normal operation of electrical network, is determining the high-quality electric energy that whether can provide the user to need.But present stage, still adopted traditional mechanical chopper in the Chinese ac transmission in a large number.Mechanical chopper has its outstanding advantage, that is: conducting is stable, carrying load ability is strong.But its shortcoming is along with the raising that the quality of power supply is required is also more and more outstanding: 1, switch off time is long; Generally want a few tens of milliseconds from spending the time that flows to the response process that produces protection; Or even milliseconds up to a hundred; In this other response time of level, all stream breaks down the device of a lot of precision circuits even breaking-up fully because of crossing, so be difficult to satisfy the quick-action property requirement that some power consumers cut-off fault current; 2, some regional short circuit current has has met or exceeded the rupturing capacity of circuit breaker, for the selection of circuit breaker has brought difficulty; 3, action that can not be real-time, flexible, continuous is prone to make accident to enlarge, and destroys the stability of a system; 4, when disconnecting consumers, often have electric arc to produce, contact is prone to scaling loss, and noise is arranged in running, and the mechanical electric life-span is restricted.
In recent years; Develop rapidly along with high-voltage great-current power electronic device (thyristor, GTO, IGBT, IGCT, MCT, IEGT etc.) technology; And the continuous propelling of FACTS technical research and application in electric power system, the design of utilization modern power electronics technology, development and transformation novel breaker become the target of current circuit breaker development.
For example; The patent documentation of application number CN200810109200.5 discloses a kind of electronic circuit breaker; It has input, output and be connected electrically in input and output between switch; The energy that the electronic circuit breaker monitoring switch is consumed and when this energy reaches threshold value cut-off switch so that protection switch, electronic circuit breaker also monitor flows cross the electric current of switch and where necessary cut-off switch with the protection load.But this patent documentation in fact just adopts electronic circuit to realize the electric current that flows through switch is carried out limiting method on the basis of existing machinery circuit breaker, but does not particularly provide concrete structural design scheme on the software at hardware.
In addition; The patent of invention document of application number CN201110071796.6 provides a kind of electronic circuit breaker and processing method thereof; This electronic circuit breaker and processing method thereof; Through current sampling unit, Current limited Control unit, slowly open hardware circuits such as unit, electric current comparing unit, voltage sample unit, driver element and electronic switch and realize delayed startup and overcurrent protection function, thereby can avoid adopting microprocessor to carry out various instabilities and delay issue that overcurrent protection causes.But the electronic circuit breaker of this patent documentation is single-phase gate-controlled switch, and the diode direction is an electric current conducting state all the time, can't realize turn-offing, so this electronic circuit breaker can only be used in the very little electronic equipment of electric current.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the above problems; A kind of quick power electronics release unit that is used for circuit on power system break-make protection is provided, the protection when its speed-sensitive switch characteristic of utilizing the power electronic power device thyristor and big electric current breaking capacity realize system broken down.
The present invention is a kind of power electronics release unit; It is characterized in that; It is the quick power electronics release unit that is used for the protection of circuit on power system break-make; Said power electronics release unit comprises: as the anti-parallel thyristor of power electronic power device, metal oxide varistor ZnO, RC resistance capaciting absorpting circuit, isolating switch, by-pass switch and control system summation current transformer as voltage limiter; Said metal oxide varistor ZnO is parallelly connected with said anti-parallel thyristor, to limit said anti-parallel thyristor voltage; Said RC resistance-capacitance circuit is parallelly connected with said anti-parallel thyristor, the due to voltage spikes that produces when being used to absorb said anti-parallel thyristor and turning on and off.
The present invention is preferably; Can utilize the speed-sensitive switch characteristic of power electronic power device and the short circuit current protection that big electric current breaking capacity realizes system; As said power electronic power device, can use any element among GTO, IGBT, IGCT, MCT and the IEGT to replace said anti-parallel thyristor.
The present invention is preferably, and is combined integratedly by said anti-parallel thyristor, metal oxide varistor ZnO and RC resistance capaciting absorpting circuit and constitutes thyristor module.
The present invention is preferably, and power supply and load that said isolating switch is used for when the said thyristor module of maintenance, will being connected with said anti-parallel thyristor are broken off; Said by-pass switch is used for will flowing through the current transfer of said thyristor module during said thyristor module to said by-pass switch in maintenance; Said current transformer is used to detect the power input electric current, with the foundation as the said anti-parallel thyristor switch motion of triggering.
The present invention is preferably, and said control system comprises microprocessor and control panel, and it is that core is carried out measurements and calculations to system's input voltage, electric current that said microprocessor is used for the high speed digital signal processor, and all switching signals are monitored and controlled; Said control panel constitutes touch-screen, is used for monitoring system ruuning situation intuitively, and changes the functional configuration and the initialization system parameter of system.
The present invention is preferably, and said control system under the electric power system normal condition, makes electric current power to the load through said anti-parallel thyristor switch, and by-pass switch is in off-state, and isolating switch is all closed; When system's failed because, said anti-parallel thyristor switch is broken off, effectively excise short circuit current; When said anti-parallel thyristor needs repair and maintenance, break off the anti-parallel thyristor switch, connect by-pass switch simultaneously, supply current powers to the load through by-pass switch, with the normal electricity consumption of proof load.
The present invention is preferably, and said power electronics release unit can excise the short circuit current faulty line in the longest 12ms, guarantees the continuous power supply of sensitive load.The present invention is preferably, and said release unit can be applied in the single-phase and three-phase system of electric power low pressure, middle pressure, high pressure, in high-voltage electric power system, improves electric pressure through cascaded inverse parallel connection power electronics semiconductor device.
The present invention is preferably; Said release unit and current limiting reactor compose in parallel short circuit current limiter; Playing metering function, and when normal operation, connect the power electronics circuit breaker, effectively avoid the long-term through-flow loss that causes of current limiting reactor current limiting reactor.
The present invention is preferably, and said release unit is used for electrical network adjustment operational mode, and when system's failed because, the power electronics circuit breaker breaks off, and the off-the-line electrical network effectively reduces short circuit current rapidly.
The power device thyristor of release unit according to the invention is used for quick disjunction fault current; Itself carry by-pass switch so that said release unit carries out repair and maintenance when not cutting off the power supply, the structure that the turnover line adds isolating switch be convenient to said release unit access, withdraw from and safeguard; Therefore release unit of the present invention is to integrate power device thyristor, by-pass switch and isolating switch, and it is powerful, easy to use to make that whole release unit has, and controls simple advantage.Particularly, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, compares with the existing mechanical circuit breaker; Power electronics release unit switching speed of the present invention is fast, and length can be carried out high-speed secure and cut-off in 12ms, be far smaller than the switch off time of existing mechanical circuit breaker; Thereby can effectively solve the intrinsic problem of existing mechanical circuit breaker; Improve switching speed and switch life greatly, guarantee that important sensitive load power supply is unaffected, effectively reduce the electrical network power quality problem and give enterprise's huge financial loss.
2, compare with existing circuit breaker, power electronics release unit breaking current of the present invention is big, but this power electronics release unit can be in 12ms any short circuit current between the disjunction 20200kA.
3, utilize the speed-sensitive switch characteristic of power electronics semiconductor device can alleviate moving, the thermally-stabilised burden of a high voltage electric equipment, improve its reliable in action property and useful life, improve the operational reliability of electric power system.
4, compare with existing circuit breaker, because release unit according to the invention mainly is made up of the electronic power switch device, itself has by-pass switch again; Make repair and maintenance convenient; Control is simple, and under the prerequisite that does not increase system cost, release unit cost performance according to the invention is the highest.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the formation sketch map of circuit topological structure of the quick power electronics circuit breaker of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the formation sketch map of control system of the quick power electronics circuit breaker of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the formation sketch map of the quick power electronics breaker circuit of the high pressure of one embodiment of the invention topological structure.
Fig. 4 is the application example 1 of expression the present invention in short-circuit fault current limiter.
Fig. 5 is the application example 2 of expression the present invention in electrical network adjustment operational mode.
Embodiment
Below, in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 1; The quick power electronics release unit of one embodiment of the invention has circuit topological structure; Said circuit topological structure comprises: anti-parallel thyristor, metal oxide varistor ZnO (voltage limiter), RC resistance capaciting absorpting circuit, isolating switch KI1, KI2, by-pass switch KB1, current transformer (TA).Wherein, metal oxide varistor ZnO is parallelly connected with thyristor, is used to limit the voltage at thyristor two ends; The RC resistance-capacitance circuit is parallelly connected with thyristor, is used to the due to voltage spikes that produces when absorbing the thyristor conducting and turn-offing.Constitute a thyristor module by anti-parallel thyristor, metal oxide varistor ZnO and RC resistance capaciting absorpting circuit with integrally combining.
Fig. 2 representes the control system of quick power electronics release unit of the present invention.Said power electronics release unit has control system; Said control system comprises control panel and microprocessor; Microprocessor is a core with high speed digital signal processor DSPTMS320F28335, and it has the high speed processing ability of 150MHz, possesses 32 floating point processing units; 6 DMA passages are supported ADC, McBSP and EMIF, and nearly 18 tunnel PWM output is arranged.Wherein, have 6 the tunnel to be the distinctive more high-precision PWM output of TI (HRPWM), 12 16 passage ADC.Have benefited from its FPU Float Point Unit; The user can write control algolithm fast and need not in the operation of processing decimal, to expend too much time and efforts, compares with former generation DSC, and average behavior improves 50%; And it is compatible with fixed point C28x controller software; Thereby the construction cycle is shortened in the simplification software development, reduces development cost; Its execution speed is faster 50% than the F28xx of same frequency series fixed point chip, handles 2.45 times of mathematical operation performance boosts, controls more flexible.Control panel is a touch-screen, can monitor running situation very intuitively through control panel, also can change the functional configuration and the initialization system parameter of system;
And under the effect of above-mentioned control system, isolating switch KI1 breaks off with power supply and load that KI2 will be connected with thyristor when overhauling thyristor module; By-pass switch KB1 will flow through the current transfer of thyristor module during thyristor module to by-pass switch KB1 in maintenance; Current transformer (TA) detects the power input electric current, as the foundation that triggers the thyristor switch action.
Said control system is carried out control and treatment through said microprocessor to said power electronics release unit; That is: said control system under normal circumstances; Electric current is powered to the load through thyristor switch, and by-pass switch is in off-state, and isolating switch is all closed; When system's failed because, thyristor switch can break off fast, effectively excises short circuit current; When thyristor needs repair and maintenance, break off thyristor switch, connect by-pass switch simultaneously, supply current powers to the load through by-pass switch, with the normal electricity consumption of proof load.
Another embodiment of the present invention is following:
1, under the normal condition; Issue the same triggering signal of anti-parallel thyristor, when the input ac power signal is positive half wave, the thyristor conducting of forward; When ac supply signal is when bearing half-wave; Reverse thyristor conducting, isolating switch KI1, KI2 closure, source current i is through isolating switch KI1, thyristor module, isolating switch KI2 powering load.
2, when system's failed because; Detect the size of input short circuit current i through current transformer TA, convert analog quantity to digital quantity through DSP, carry out logic determines through control algolithm again after; Cancel the anti-parallel thyristor triggering signal simultaneously; If this moment, input ac power was when being in positive half wave, after this forward thyristor is turn-offing during zero passage for the first time, if when this moment, input ac power was in negative half-wave; After this reverse thyristor is turn-offing during zero passage for the first time, thereby excises short circuit current fast and effectively.
In the whole process, time that detect to judge short circuit current through control algolithm length need 2ms, it is half cycle (10ms) that thyristor turn-offs maximum duration, therefore, the longest 12ms that needs only of the time of power electronics circuit breaker cutting-off of short-circuit fault current of the present invention.
3, when the anti-parallel thyristor module needs repair and maintenance, cancel the thyristor triggering signal and make its shutoff, connect by-pass switch KB1 simultaneously, make electric current through the by-pass switch powering load, with the continuously normal electricity consumption of proof load.
4,, select for use single anti-parallel thyristor can satisfy electric pressure, and in middle and high piezoelectric forces system, improve electric pressure and realize through the series connection anti-parallel thyristor at low-voltage power system.As represent circuit topological structure shown in Figure 3 of the high-tension electricity electronic circuit breaker of the present invention's one instance.
In this embodiment, high speed processor DSP is used to detect supply voltage u and the current i as analog quantity; Anti-parallel thyristor, isolating switch KI1, KI2 and by-pass switch KB1 as switching value; And the turning on and off of control anti-parallel thyristor, isolating switch KI1, KI2, by-pass switch KB1.
Control panel is a touch-screen, can monitor running situation very intuitively through control panel, also can change the functional configuration and the initialization system parameter of system; The function that users such as register system generation incident (protection incident) and alert event need.
As represent the shown in Figure 4 of release unit application example 1 of the present invention to compose in parallel short-circuit fault current limiter by electric power electronics circuit breaker according to the invention and current limiting reactor.Under the electrical network normal operation, the power electronics circuit breaker is in conducting state.When system's failed because, block the thyristor triggering signal rapidly, make its zero-crossing switching, this moment, the electric current change of current was carried out current limliting to the current limiting reactor of parallel connection, thereby had satisfied the requirement of restriction short-circuit current.This is applied in outside the metering function that keeps current limiting reactor, connects the power electronics circuit breaker when normally moving, and effectively avoids the long-term through-flow various drawbacks of bringing of current limiting reactor.
As represent that the shown in Figure 5 of release unit application example 2 of the present invention, power electronics release unit according to the invention can be installed in the main transformer outlet, the female couplet and the outlet.Fig. 5 is that example describes to be installed in female place only.Under the electric power system normal condition, the power electronics circuit breaker is in conducting state, and system's paired running has kept the high advantage of reliability.When system's failed because, the power electronics circuit breaker breaks off fast, and rapid off-the-line electrical network is with effective reduction short circuit current.Short circuit current when this application had both the solved system's paired running problem that exceeds standard has kept the high advantage of paired running system reliability again.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, and under the situation that does not deviate from flesh and blood of the present invention, any distortion that those skilled in the art can expect, improvement, replacement all fall into scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. power electronics release unit; It is characterized in that; It is the quick power electronics release unit that is used for the protection of circuit on power system break-make; Said release unit comprises: as the anti-parallel thyristor of power electronic power device, metal oxide varistor ZnO, RC resistance capaciting absorpting circuit, isolating switch, by-pass switch and control system summation current transformer as voltage limiter; Said metal oxide varistor ZnO is parallelly connected with said anti-parallel thyristor, to limit said anti-parallel thyristor voltage; Said RC resistance-capacitance circuit is parallelly connected with said anti-parallel thyristor, the due to voltage spikes that produces when being used to absorb said anti-parallel thyristor and turning on and off.
2. power electronics release unit according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Can utilize the speed-sensitive switch characteristic of power electronic power device and the short circuit current protection that big electric current breaking capacity realizes system; As said power electronic power device, can use in GTO, IGBT, IGCT, MCT and the IEGT element any to replace said anti-parallel thyristor.
3. power electronics release unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is combined integratedly by said anti-parallel thyristor, metal oxide varistor ZnO and RC resistance capaciting absorpting circuit and constitutes thyristor module.
4. power electronics release unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, power supply and load that said isolating switch is used for when the said thyristor module of maintenance, will being connected with said anti-parallel thyristor are broken off; Said by-pass switch is used for will flowing through the current transfer of said thyristor module during said thyristor module to said by-pass switch in maintenance; Said current transformer is used to detect the power input electric current, with the foundation as the said anti-parallel thyristor switch motion of triggering.
5. according to each described power electronics release unit in the claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that; Said control system comprises microprocessor and control panel; It is that core is carried out measurements and calculations to system's input voltage, electric current that said microprocessor is used for the high speed digital signal processor, and all switching signals are monitored and controlled; Said control panel constitutes touch-screen, is used for monitoring system ruuning situation intuitively, and changes the functional configuration and the initialization system parameter of system.
6. power electronics release unit according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said control system; Under the electric power system normal condition; Electric current is powered to the load through said anti-parallel thyristor switch, and by-pass switch is in off-state, and isolating switch is all closed; When system's failed because, said anti-parallel thyristor switch is broken off, effectively excise short circuit current; When said anti-parallel thyristor needs repair and maintenance, break off the anti-parallel thyristor switch, connect by-pass switch simultaneously, supply current powers to the load through by-pass switch, with the normal electricity consumption of proof load.
7. power electronics release unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said power electronics release unit can excise the short circuit current faulty line in the longest 12ms, guarantees the continuous power supply of sensitive load.
8. power electronics release unit according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; This release unit can be applied in the single-phase and three-phase system of electric power low pressure, middle pressure, high pressure, in high-voltage electric power system, improves electric pressure through cascaded inverse parallel connection power electronics semiconductor device.
9. power electronics release unit according to claim 1; Said release unit and current limiting reactor compose in parallel short circuit current limiter; To play metering function to current limiting reactor; And when normal operation, connect the power electronics circuit breaker, effectively avoid the long-term through-flow loss that causes of current limiting reactor.
10. power electronics release unit according to claim 1, release unit are used for electrical network adjustment operational mode, and when system's failed because, the power electronics circuit breaker breaks off, and the off-the-line electrical network effectively reduces short circuit current rapidly.
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| CN2012101677621A CN102694363A (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Power electronic circuit breaker device |
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| CN2012101677621A CN102694363A (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Power electronic circuit breaker device |
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| CN104617567A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-05-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Novel short circuit current limiter |
| CN104852348A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-19 | 河南理工大学 | SSCB-based coal mine power grid fast fault current limiter |
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Application publication date: 20120926 |