CN102676045A - 耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物和具有由其形成的绝缘层的绝缘电线 - Google Patents

耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物和具有由其形成的绝缘层的绝缘电线 Download PDF

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CN102676045A
CN102676045A CN2012100684971A CN201210068497A CN102676045A CN 102676045 A CN102676045 A CN 102676045A CN 2012100684971 A CN2012100684971 A CN 2012100684971A CN 201210068497 A CN201210068497 A CN 201210068497A CN 102676045 A CN102676045 A CN 102676045A
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崔炯三
李濬熙
朴宣珠
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LS Cable and Systems Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物和具有由其形成的绝缘层的绝缘电线。具体而言，本发明公开了一种绝缘清漆组合物，所述组合物包含以下成分：有机硅溶胶，其在含有N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮作为主要成分的溶剂中包含被分散剂包被的二氧化硅；和聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂，其分散在含有N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮作为主要成分的溶剂中。由其中均匀分散有二氧化硅无机绝缘颗粒的所述绝缘清漆组合物形成的绝缘层具有优异的耐电晕放电性，由此防止绝缘体击穿。

Description

耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物和具有由其形成的绝缘层的绝缘电线
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2011年3月17日递交的韩国专利申请第10-2011-0023934号的优先权，出于所有目的通过引用将其全部内容并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明的示例性实施方式涉及耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物和具有由该组合物形成的绝缘层的绝缘电线。
背景技术
电晕放电是由绝缘电线或绝缘电缆的绝缘体中产生的小裂纹处集中的电场引起的放电。电晕放电可以使绝缘性质恶化，这可能导致绝缘体劣化并最终导致绝缘体击穿。特别是，在发动机等中所使用的线圈(或变压器)的情形中、更具体而言在具有通过使用绝缘清漆涂布导体并随后固化而形成的涂层的漆包电线的情形中，在电线(涂层)内部或之间可能会发生电晕放电，并且会因带电粒子碰撞所引起的涂层分解而产生热，由此导致绝缘体击穿。
近来，在具有节能用变频器(inverter)电机的系统中因电压浪涌所引起的过载而倾向于越来越多地发生电晕放电，导致绝缘体击穿。
为抑制电晕放电，已经提出了提供一种漆包电线的方案，所述漆包电线具有下述绝缘体，所述绝缘体通过将如二氧化硅或二氧化钛等无机绝缘颗粒分散在含有溶解于有机溶剂中的耐热性树脂的溶液中而形成。无机绝缘颗粒可以防止电晕放电的发生，并且可以改善导热性、降低热膨胀和提高漆包电线的强度。
在此情况中，用于将二氧化硅的无机绝缘颗粒分散在耐热性树脂中的已知方法包括将二氧化硅粉末直接添加至耐热性树脂中和混合硅溶胶与耐热性树脂等。硅溶胶比二氧化硅颗粒更容易与耐热性树脂混合，因而可以造就含有高度分散的二氧化硅的绝缘清漆。为此目的，硅溶胶必须具有与耐热性树脂的高混溶性。当将溶解在溶剂中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂用作耐热性树脂溶液时，该溶剂可以包括N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)、N，N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和N，N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)等。通常，使用的是过量NMP和少量DMF或烷基苯的混合溶剂。
当将二氧化硅粉末添加至溶解在NMP中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂中时，二氧化硅凝聚，从而生成具有低分散性二氧化硅的绝缘清漆。此外，当混合硅溶胶与溶解在NMP中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂时，二氧化硅凝聚，从而生成具有低分散性二氧化硅的绝缘清漆。在此情况中，硅溶胶通常指分散在醇类有机溶剂中的二氧化硅，并具有与溶解在NMP中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂的低混溶性。
当具有低分散性二氧化硅的绝缘清漆被用于形成绝缘层时，所获得的绝缘层具有较低的耐电晕放电性。在有限的条件下，二氧化硅在该绝缘清漆中的分散性可以暂时得到改善，但是绝缘清漆在长期存储、稳定性和再现性等方面可能存在问题。
作为解决方案，已经提出了下述方案：将通过使二氧化硅粉末分散在γ-丁内酯中产生的硅溶胶与溶解在γ-丁内酯中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂混合。在此情况中，溶解在γ-丁内酯中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂可以通过下述繁琐的操作获得，该操作包括通过使用乙醇从溶解在NMP中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂中提取聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂，并将提取的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂溶解在γ-丁内酯中。此外，与NMP相比，γ-丁内酯对聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂具有更低的溶解性。
发明内容
本发明意在解决上述问题，因此，本发明的一个目的是提供在二氧化硅与聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂之间具有优异混溶性的绝缘清漆组合物，和使用该组合物的绝缘电线。
为实现本发明的目的，在本发明的一个方面中，提供了一种耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，所述组合物包含：有机硅溶胶，所述有机硅溶胶分散在含有N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)作为主要成分的溶剂中；和聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂，所述聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂溶解在含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂中。
在本发明的另一个方面中，提供了由以下绝缘清漆组合物形成的绝缘层，所述绝缘清漆组合物包含：有机硅溶胶，所述有机硅溶胶分散在含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂中并被分散剂包被；和聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂，所述聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂溶解在含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂中。
在此情况中，含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂可以包含80重量％～100重量％的NMP，并可以与如二甲苯和高沸点芳香族溶剂等其他溶剂混合。
有机硅溶胶可以是被分散剂包被的二氧化硅，并且所述分散剂可以是选自由聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯亚胺、聚丙烯酸酯、羧甲基纤维素、聚丙烯酰胺、聚氧化乙烯和聚氧化丙烯组成的组中的至少一种，并可以具有5,000～1,000,000的分子量。
所述分散剂的含量可以为10重量份～1,000重量份/100重量份二氧化硅。
有益效果
由本发明的绝缘清漆组合物(含有均匀分散于其中的二氧化硅无机绝缘颗粒)形成的绝缘层具有优异的耐电晕放电性，由此防止绝缘体击穿。
附图说明
图1是由实施例1中获得的绝缘清漆组合物形成的绝缘层的透射电子显微镜(TEM)图像。
图2是由比较例1中获得的绝缘清漆组合物形成的绝缘层的TEM图像。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明。
本发明的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物可以包含分散在含有N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)作为主要成分的溶剂中的有机硅溶胶和溶解在含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂。此处，含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂可以只包含NMP，或者包含NMP与其他溶剂的组合。
如上所述，本发明的特征在于，本发明可以通过将聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂和有机硅溶胶分散在含有NMP的同一溶剂中而改善混溶性。
当含有NMP的溶剂为混合溶剂时，NMP的含量优选为混合溶剂的80重量％～100重量％，并且其余部分可以包括二甲苯和高沸点芳香族溶剂等。
有机硅溶胶可以指分散在NMP或混合溶剂中并被分散剂包被的胶态二氧化硅。在此情况中，二氧化硅可以具有1nm～100nm的平均粒径。
分散剂可以单独或组合包含下述物质：胺类聚合物，如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮和聚乙烯亚胺；具有羧酸酯基的烃类聚合物，如聚丙烯酸酯和羧甲基纤维素；聚丙烯酰胺；聚氧化乙烯或聚氧化丙烯。在此情况中，分散剂可以优选具有5,000～1,000,000的分子量。此外，分散剂的含量可以优选为10重量份～1,000重量份/100重量份二氧化硅。当该含量低于10重量份时，将不足以抑制二氧化硅的凝聚。当该含量超过1,000重量份时，将难以提取被分散剂包被的二氧化硅。
此外，本发明提供了一种绝缘电线，所述绝缘电线具有通过使用上述耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物涂布导体随后进行固化而形成的绝缘层。
实施例
下面，为更好地理解而将详细描述本发明的各优选实施例。然而，本发明的实施例可以进行多种方式的改进，并且不应将这些实施例解释为限制本发明的范围。提供本发明的实施例以使本领域普通技术人员可以更好地了解本发明。
<实施例1>：耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物1
为制备本发明的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，先制得有机硅溶胶；具体而言，使100g二氧化硅和10g分散剂在水中反应以使用该分散剂处理二氧化硅的表面，并提取被该分散剂包被的二氧化硅并将其溶解在200g NMP中，以获得有机硅溶胶。
将50g所获得的有机硅溶胶与100g(25％的不挥发性物质)溶解在NMP中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂混合，以产生本发明的绝缘清漆组合物。
<实施例2>：耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物2
以与实施例1相同的方式制备耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，不同的是使用了利用100g二氧化硅和100g分散剂制得的有机硅溶胶。
<实施例3>：耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物3
以与实施例1相同的方式制造耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，不同的是使用了利用100g二氧化硅和1,000g分散剂制得的有机硅溶胶。
<比较例1>
将100g二氧化硅溶解在乙醇中以制得硅溶胶。将50g所获得的硅溶胶与100g(25％的不挥发性物质)溶解在NMP中的聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂混合，以制备比较例1的绝缘清漆组合物。
<实验例1>：分散性的评价
为评价二氧化硅在本发明的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物中的分散性，将由实施例1中获得的绝缘清漆组合物形成的绝缘层的透射电子显微镜(TEM)图像显示在图1中。为进行比较，将由比较例1中获得的绝缘清漆组合物形成的绝缘层的TEM图像显示在图2中。
由图1和图2的结果发现，本发明实施例1的绝缘清漆组合物不具有二氧化硅凝聚，而比较例1的绝缘清漆组合物则具有显著的二氧化硅凝聚。也就是说，本发明由于二氧化硅优异的分散性而可以具有优异的耐电晕放电性。
虽然已在上文中描述了本发明，但应了解，上述详细描述和具体实施例在指出本发明的优选实施方式同时仅以示例的方式给出，因为通过该详细描述，本发明实质和范围内的各种变化和改进对本领域技术人员都将是显而易见的。

Claims (13)

1.一种耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，所述组合物包含：
有机硅溶胶，所述有机硅溶胶分散在含有N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)作为主要成分的溶剂中；和
聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂，所述聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂溶解在含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂中。
2.如权利要求1所述的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，
其中，所述含有NMP的溶剂包含80重量％～100重量％的NMP。
3.如权利要求2所述的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，
其中，所述含有NMP的溶剂包含二甲苯或高沸点芳香族溶剂。
4.如权利要求2所述的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，
其中，所述有机硅溶胶含有被分散剂包被的二氧化硅。
5.如权利要求4所述的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，
其中，所述分散剂为选自由聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯亚胺、聚丙烯酸酯、羧甲基纤维素、聚丙烯酰胺、聚氧化乙烯和聚氧化丙烯组成的组中的至少一种。
6.如权利要求5所述的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，
其中，所述分散剂具有5,000～1,000,000的分子量。
7.如权利要求6所述的耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物，
其中，所述分散剂的含量为10重量份～1,000重量份/100重量份所述二氧化硅。
8.一种绝缘电线，所述绝缘电线具有由绝缘清漆组合物形成的绝缘层，所述绝缘清漆组合物包含：
有机硅溶胶，所述有机硅溶胶在含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂中包含被分散剂包被的二氧化硅；和
聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂，所述聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂溶解在含有NMP作为主要成分的溶剂中。
9.如权利要求8所述的绝缘电线，
其中，含有NMP的所述溶剂包含80重量％～100重量％的NMP。
10.如权利要求9所述的绝缘电线，
其中，含有NMP的所述溶剂包含二甲苯或高沸点芳香族溶剂。
11.如权利要求9所述的绝缘电线，
其中，所述分散剂为选自由聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、聚乙烯亚胺、聚丙烯酸酯、羧甲基纤维素、聚丙烯酰胺、聚氧化乙烯和聚氧化丙烯组成的组中的至少一种。
12.如权利要求11所述的绝缘电线，
其中，所述分散剂具有5,000～1,000,000的分子量。
13.如权利要求12所述的绝缘电线，
其中，所述分散剂的含量为10重量份～1,000重量份/100重量份所述二氧化硅。
CN2012100684971A 2011-03-17 2012-03-15 耐电晕放电性绝缘清漆组合物和具有由其形成的绝缘层的绝缘电线 Pending CN102676045A (zh)

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