CN102675317B - Method for extracting a plurality of kinds of active ingredients from tea leaves simultaneously - Google Patents

Method for extracting a plurality of kinds of active ingredients from tea leaves simultaneously Download PDF

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CN102675317B
CN102675317B CN201210170786.2A CN201210170786A CN102675317B CN 102675317 B CN102675317 B CN 102675317B CN 201210170786 A CN201210170786 A CN 201210170786A CN 102675317 B CN102675317 B CN 102675317B
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tea
tealeaves
active ingredients
extracting
theanine
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CN102675317A (en
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苏双科
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FUJIAN ANXI NANYANG TEA FACTORY
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FUJIAN ANXI NANYANG TEA FACTORY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting a plurality of kinds of active ingredients from tea leaves simultaneously. Steps include subjecting tea leaves to light wave digestion and filteration; absorbing caffeine and theanine by cationic resins, obtaining caffeine and theanine through elution; absorbing tea polyphenols by adsorbent resins and obtaining tea polyphenols through elution; and collecting effluent liquids passing through cationic resins and adsorbent resins, and concentrating, deproteinizing and precipitating effluent liquids with ethanol to obtain tea polysaccharide. The method has the advantages that water serves as solvents, light wave extracting is used, the time is short, extraction rate is high, loss of active substances is little, and the cost is low; four kinds of active ingredients of caffeine, theanine, tea polyphenols and tea polysaccharide can be extracted simultaneously; adsorbent resins are used, the process is simple, energy consumption is low, pollution is small, and resins are easy to regenerate and can be recycled; and extraction rate is high, separating effect is good, and the purity of obtained active ingredients is high.

Description

A kind of method of simultaneously extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of deep tea processing technology, especially relate to a kind of method of simultaneously extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves.
Background technology
In China, drink tea historical of long standing and well established, large contingent.China's tea resources is abundant, but utilization ratio is extremely low, except being processed on a small quantity the tealeaves of high-grade goods tea, and a large amount of be low and middle-grade tea (all existence in various degree unsalable).There are some researches show, the effective constituent of low and middle-grade tea is generally poor unlike high-grade tea, and some composition also exceeds high-grade tea on the contrary.Therefore, greatly develop deep tea processing technology, therefrom in low-grade tea, extract and reclaim the multi-meaning that effective constituent has the unsalable situation of the low and middle-grade tea of change, economizes on resources and increase farmers' income.
Along with tealeaves research deepen continuously and and intersection and the infiltration of medical research, it is found that and in tealeaves, be rich in the materials such as caffeine, theanine, tea-polyphenol, tea polysaccharide and VITAMIN.Caffeine has cardiac stimulant, diuresis and the effect such as anti-oxidant, is important medical material and the additive of F&B; The medical functions such as that theanine has is antitumor, hypertensive tranquilizing, promotion nerve growth; Tea-polyphenol has different physiological roles, it is not only good natural antioxidants, also have enhancing body resistibility, anti-cancer, antitumor, radioprotective, antibacterial, antiviral, hypoglycemic, reducing blood-fat, preventing cardiovascular disease, anti-ageing, prevent the different physiological roles such as skin ultraviolet damage, there is broad prospect of application in fields such as grease, food, medicine, daily-use chemical industry, light industries; Tea polysaccharide has multiple physiological action, as radioprotective, anticoagulation and antithrombotic, hypoglycemic etc., it can also enhancing body immunologic function, experimental results show that tea polysaccharide has the effects such as hypotensive, reducing heart rate, hypoxia tolerance, increase coronary flow, can also reducing blood-fat, arteriosclerosis, anti-inflammatory and anticancer etc.Therefore, from tealeaves, extract safely and effectively and separate the compositions such as caffeine, theanine, tea-polyphenol and tea polysaccharide, thering is important practical significance.
Domestic have much about the process patent that extracts the functional ingredient such as tea-polyphenol from tealeaves, such as Chinese patent application: 93105511.3, ZL98111572.1,200510042629.3 and Chinese patent ZL200810107066.5, ZL200910111284.0 etc. just extracting method is reported, but they all exist extracted active component content low, extract rate variance or have the drawbacks such as dissolvent residual, and also cannot be simultaneously from various active compositions such as Extraction of Caffeine From Tea, theanine, tea-polyphenol and tea polysaccharide.At present, also fewer about extract the patent of plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves simultaneously, wherein Chinese patent application 200410015905.2 discloses a kind of microwave extract method that comprehensively extracts tea polysaccharide, tea-polyphenol, theanine and trimethyl-xanthine from tealeaves, but the tea-polyphenol purity that this method obtains and yield are all undesirable; In addition, Chinese patent application 201010141764.4 also discloses the solvent-extraction process of tea polysaccharide, theanine, tea-polyphenol and caffeine in a kind of comprehensive separation and Extraction tealeaves that adopts inorganic zeolite molecular sieve, but the extraction yield of entirety or poor.Other also has some extracting method, do not enumerate, but they also all exists shortcoming separately at this.Therefore the effective constituent of, how fully extracting efficiently in tealeaves is still problem demanding prompt solution.
Light-wave cooker is to utilize light wave producer to produce rapidly luminous energy and heat energy, and food is heated from outside to inside, and light wave has that rate of heating is fast, homogeneous heating, can keep to greatest extent the nutritive ingredient of food the plurality of advantages such as not lose.The appearance of light wave, has thoroughly solved microwave heating inequality, raw ripe irregular phenomenon, and thermo-efficiency is higher, and can reduce the forfeiture of moisture as far as possible.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention is based on light wave intensifying technology, provide a kind of plurality of active ingredients of simultaneously extracting from tealeaves as the method for caffeine, theanine, tea-polyphenol, tea polysaccharide etc.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme proposed by the invention is: a kind of method of simultaneously extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: be 1:10-15 by weight by tealeaves and water, under light wave effect, 40-60 DEG C is soaked extraction 10-30 minute, filters to obtain tea grounds and soaked extracting solution, and concentrated soaked extracting solution;
Step 2: resin cation (R.C.), with after distilled water immersion, after bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry re-treatment 2 times, then with sour transition, is finally washed till to neutrality with distilled water;
Step 3: polymeric adsorbent is with after distilled water immersion, extremely colourless by washing with alcohol;
Step 4: the infusion of tea extracting solution in step 1 is passed through to cationic resin column with the speed of 25-40mL/min, and effluent liquid passes through adsorption resin column with the speed of 20-30mL/min again.First remove the caffeine in cationic resin column with chloroform, concentration and recovery chloroform, the dry caffeine that obtains; Theanine in the citrate buffer solution wash-out cationic resin column that is 6.5-7.5 by pH value again, concentrated, low temperature crystallization obtains theanine;
Step 5: the ethanol elution that adsorption column is 60-80% by volume ratio, concentration and recovery ethanol, is dried to obtain tea-polyphenol;
Step 6: by the effluent liquid by cationic resin column and adsorption resin column is concentrated, remove after the Partial Protein in tea polysaccharide by Sevag method, add ethanol to make tea polysaccharide precipitation, be dried to obtain tea polysaccharide.
Preferably, described tealeaves is the tankage in low-grade tea and Tea Production, and described tealeaves is through being crushed between 60 order-80 orders.
Further, water of the present invention is deionized water.
Further, step 1 also comprises tea grounds added water again, and tea grounds and water again soak and extract 10-30 minute in 40-60 DEG C by weight 1:5-10 under light wave effect, remove by filter filter residue, merge 2 times soaked extracting solution.
Preferably, the soaked extracting solution described in step 1 is concentrated to 1/5 of original volume.
Further, in step 2, acid is 5% hydrochloric acid, and alkali is 5% sodium hydroxide.
Further, in step 2, described resin cation (R.C.) is preferably the one in WA-2, D135,003 × 7,001 × 4 or 001 × 7.
Further, the polymeric adsorbent described in step 3 is preferably the one in 92-2,92-3, NK-S3, XAD-7, D4020 or HP-21.
Further, described theanine concentrated solution carries out low temperature crystallization method and spends the night and can separate out theanine for being placed at-10 DEG C.
Further, be describedly filtered into filter press, filter bag filtration, membrane sepn filtration etc.; Described simmer down to distillation and concentration, vacuum concentration; Described is dried as lyophilize, vacuum-drying or sprays dry.
Adopt technique scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) taking water as solvent, adopt light wave to extract the effective constituent in tealeaves, there is the advantages such as extraction time is short, efficiency is high, active substance loss is few;
2) disposable extracting caffeine, theanine, tea-polyphenol and four kinds of effective constituents of tea polysaccharide;
3) adopt resin adsorption method to separate the effective constituent in tealeaves, technique is simple, less energy consumption, pollution are little, and resin regeneration is easy, can recycle;
4) extraction yield is high, and good separating effect, and each active constituent content is high, caffeine purity >=99%, extraction yield >=1.8%; Theanine purity >=82%, extraction yield >=0.8%; Tea-polyphenol purity >=99%, extraction yield >=15.1%; Total sugar content >=70% of tea polysaccharide, extraction yield is 1.6%.
Brief description of the drawings
fig. 1 is the basic flow sheet of tealeaves extracting method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the idiographic flow of the method for simultaneously extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves of the present invention is as follows:
1) be 1:10-15 by weight by tealeaves and water, under light wave effect, 40-60 DEG C is soaked extraction 10-30 minute, filter, tea grounds adds water again, and tea grounds and water again soak and extract 10-30 minute in 40-60 DEG C by weight 1:5-10 under light wave effect, remove by filter filter residue, merge 2 times soaked extracting solution, and concentrated soaked extracting solution, concentrated volume is preferably concentrated to 1/5 of original volume;
2) by resin cation (R.C.) with after distilled water immersion, after bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry re-treatment 2 times, then with acid transition, be finally washed till neutrality with distilled water, preferably 5% hydrochloric acid and 5% sodium hydroxide;
3) by polymeric adsorbent with after distilled water immersion, by washing with alcohol to colourless;
4) above-mentioned infusion of tea extracting solution is passed through to cationic resin column with the speed of 25-40mL/min, effluent liquid passes through adsorption resin column with the speed of 20-30mL/min again.First remove the caffeine in cationic resin column with chloroform, concentration and recovery chloroform, the dry caffeine that obtains; Theanine in the citrate buffer solution wash-out cationic resin column that is 6.5-7.5 by pH value again, concentrated, low temperature crystallization obtains theanine;
5) 60-80% ethanol (volume ratio) wash-out for adsorption column, concentration and recovery ethanol, is dried to obtain tea-polyphenol;
6) by the effluent liquid by cationic resin column and adsorption resin column is concentrated, remove after the Partial Protein in tea polysaccharide by Sevag method, add ethanol to make tea polysaccharide precipitation, be dried to obtain tea polysaccharide.
In the present invention, described tealeaves is preferably the tankage in low-grade tea and Tea Production, and tealeaves is through being crushed between 60 order-80 orders.
In the present invention, described water is preferably deionized water.
In the present invention, described resin cation (R.C.) is preferably the one in WA-2, D135,003 × 7,001 × 4 or 001 × 7.
In the present invention, described polymeric adsorbent is preferably the one in 92-2,92-3, NK-S3, XAD-7, D4020 or HP-21.
In the present invention, theanine concentrated solution is carried out to low temperature crystallization, be generally placed at-10 DEG C and spend the night and can separate out theanine.
In the present invention, described filtration can be membrane sepn filtration, filter bag separation, filter press etc.,, concentrated can be distillation, vacuum concentration, dry can be that lyophilize, vacuum-drying and spraying are dry.
Embodiment 1
1) tea dust 500g, 5Kg adds water, under light wave effect, 40-60 DEG C is soaked extraction 10-30 minute, filter, tea grounds add water again 5Kg and under light wave effect in 40-60 DEG C soak extract 10-30 minute, remove by filter filter residue, merge 2 times soaked extracting solution, and concentrated soaked extracting solution is to 1/5 of original volume;
2) by resin cation (R.C.) with after distilled water immersion, after bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry re-treatment 2 times, then with acid transition, be finally washed till neutrality with distilled water, described resin cation (R.C.) is WA-2;
3) by polymeric adsorbent with after distilled water immersion, by washing with alcohol, to colourless, described polymeric adsorbent is 92-2;
4) above-mentioned infusion of tea extracting solution is passed through to cationic resin column with the speed of 25mL/min, effluent liquid passes through adsorption resin column with the speed of 20mL/min again.First remove the caffeine on cation seperation column with chloroform, concentration and recovery chloroform, is dried and obtains 9.5g caffeine, and extraction yield is 1.9%, and purity is 99.2%.Theanine in the citrate buffer solution wash-out cationic resin column that is 7.2 by pH value again, elutriant is concentrated, is cooled to-10 DEG C, obtains 4.2g theanine after crystallization, and extraction yield is 0.84%, and purity is 82.7%;
5) 80% ethanol (volume ratio) wash-out for adsorption column, concentration and recovery ethanol, is dried and obtains 77.2g tea-polyphenol, and extraction yield is 15.44%, and purity is 99%;
6) by the effluent liquid by cation seperation column and adsorption column is concentrated, remove after the Partial Protein in tea polysaccharide by Sevag method, add ethanol and make tea polysaccharide precipitation, be dried and obtain 8.35g tea polysaccharide, extraction yield is 1.67%, and total sugar content is 72%.
Embodiment 2
1) tea dust 500g, 6Kg adds water, under light wave effect, 40-60 DEG C is soaked extraction 10-30 minute, filter, tea grounds add water again 4Kg and under light wave effect in 40-60 DEG C soak extract 10-30 minute, remove by filter filter residue, merge 2 times soaked extracting solution, and concentrated soaked extracting solution is to 1/5 of original volume;
2) by resin cation (R.C.) with after distilled water immersion, after hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide re-treatment 2 times, then with hydrochloric acid transition, be finally washed till neutrality with distilled water, described resin cation (R.C.) is D135;
3) by polymeric adsorbent with after distilled water immersion, by washing with alcohol, to colourless, described polymeric adsorbent is 92-3;
4) above-mentioned infusion of tea extracting solution is passed through to cationic resin column with the speed of 35mL/min, effluent liquid passes through adsorption resin column with the speed of 25mL/min again.First remove the caffeine on cation seperation column with chloroform, concentration and recovery chloroform, is dried and obtains 9.0g caffeine, and extraction yield is 1.8%, and purity is 99.3%.Theanine in the citrate buffer solution wash-out cationic resin column that is 6.5 by pH value again, elutriant is concentrated, is cooled to-10 DEG C, obtains 4g theanine after crystallization, and extraction yield is 0.8%, and purity is 83.1%;
5) 60% ethanol (volume ratio) wash-out for adsorption column, concentration and recovery ethanol, is dried and obtains 75.5g tea-polyphenol, and extraction yield is 15.1%, and purity is 99.2%;
6) by the effluent liquid by cation seperation column and adsorption column is concentrated, remove after the Partial Protein in tea polysaccharide by Sevag method, add ethanol and make tea polysaccharide precipitation, be dried and obtain 8.25g tea polysaccharide, extraction yield is 1.65%, and total sugar content is 71.6%.
Embodiment 3
1) tea dust 500g, 7.5Kg adds water, under light wave effect, 40-60 DEG C is soaked extraction 10-30 minute, filter, tea grounds add water again 2.5Kg and under light wave effect in 40-60 DEG C soak extract 10-30 minute, remove by filter filter residue, merge 2 times soaked extracting solution, and concentrated soaked extracting solution is to 1/5 of original volume;
2) by resin cation (R.C.) with after distilled water immersion, after 5% hydrochloric acid and 5% sodium hydroxide re-treatment 2 times, then with 5% hydrochloric acid transition, be finally washed till neutrality with distilled water, described resin cation (R.C.) is preferably 003 × 7;
3) by polymeric adsorbent with after distilled water immersion, by washing with alcohol, to colourless, described polymeric adsorbent is NK-S3;
4) above-mentioned infusion of tea extracting solution is passed through to cationic resin column with the speed of 40mL/min, effluent liquid passes through adsorption resin column with the speed of 30mL/min again.First remove the caffeine on cation seperation column with chloroform, concentration and recovery chloroform, is dried and obtains 9.77g caffeine, and extraction yield is 1.95%, and purity is 99%.Theanine in the citrate buffer solution wash-out cationic resin column that is 6.5 by pH value again, elutriant is concentrated, is cooled to-10 DEG C, obtains 4.3g theanine after crystallization, and extraction yield is 0.86%, and purity is 82.4%;
5) 70% ethanol (volume ratio) wash-out for adsorption column, concentration and recovery ethanol, is dried and obtains 76.3g tea-polyphenol, and extraction yield is 15.26%, and purity is 99.1%;
6) by the effluent liquid by cation seperation column and adsorption column is concentrated, remove after the Partial Protein in tea polysaccharide by Sevag method, add ethanol and make tea polysaccharide precipitation, be dried and obtain 8.0g tea polysaccharide, extraction yield is 1.6%, and total sugar content is 72.8%.
Embodiment 4
1) tea dust 500g, 7Kg adds water, under light wave effect, 40-60 DEG C is soaked extraction 10-30 minute, filter, tea grounds add water again 3Kg and under light wave effect in 40-60 DEG C soak extract 10-30 minute, remove by filter filter residue, merge 2 times soaked extracting solution, and concentrated soaked extracting solution is to 1/5 of original volume;
2) by resin cation (R.C.) with after distilled water immersion, after 5% hydrochloric acid and 5% sodium hydroxide re-treatment 2 times, then with 5% hydrochloric acid transition, be finally washed till neutrality with distilled water, described resin cation (R.C.) is 001 × 4;
3) by polymeric adsorbent with after distilled water immersion, by washing with alcohol, to colourless, described polymeric adsorbent is preferably XAD-7;
4) above-mentioned infusion of tea extracting solution is passed through to cationic resin column with the speed of 30mL/min, effluent liquid passes through adsorption resin column with the speed of 25mL/min again.First remove the caffeine on cation seperation column with chloroform, concentration and recovery chloroform, is dried and obtains 9.8g caffeine, and extraction yield is 1.96%, and purity is 99.3%.Theanine in the citrate buffer solution wash-out cationic resin column that is 6.8 by pH value again, elutriant is concentrated, is cooled to-10 DEG C, obtains 4.55g theanine after crystallization, and extraction yield is 0.91%, and purity is 82%;
5) 75% ethanol (volume ratio) wash-out for adsorption column, concentration and recovery ethanol, is dried and obtains 76.5g tea-polyphenol, and extraction yield is 15.3%, and purity is 99.4%;
6) by the effluent liquid by cation seperation column and adsorption column is concentrated, remove after the Partial Protein in tea polysaccharide by Sevag method, add ethanol and make tea polysaccharide precipitation, be dried and obtain 8.55g tea polysaccharide, extraction yield is 1.71%, and total sugar content is 70%.
Embodiment 5
1) tea dust 500g, 6Kg adds water, under light wave effect, 40-60 DEG C is soaked extraction 10-30 minute, filter, tea grounds add water again 5Kg and under light wave effect in 40-60 DEG C soak extract 10-30 minute, remove by filter filter residue, merge 2 times soaked extracting solution, and concentrated soaked extracting solution is to 1/5 of original volume;
2) by resin cation (R.C.) with after distilled water immersion, after 5% hydrochloric acid and 5% sodium hydroxide re-treatment 2 times, then with 5% hydrochloric acid transition, be finally washed till neutrality with distilled water, described resin cation (R.C.) is 001 × 7;
3) by polymeric adsorbent with after distilled water immersion, by washing with alcohol, to colourless, described polymeric adsorbent is D4020;
4) above-mentioned infusion of tea extracting solution is passed through to cationic resin column with the speed of 30mL/min, effluent liquid passes through adsorption resin column with the speed of 20mL/min again.First remove the caffeine on cation seperation column with chloroform, concentration and recovery chloroform, is dried and obtains 10.1g caffeine, and extraction yield is 2.02%, and purity is 99.1%.Theanine in the citrate buffer solution wash-out cationic resin column that is 7.0 by pH value again, elutriant is concentrated, is cooled to-10 DEG C, obtains 4.17g theanine after crystallization, and extraction yield is 0.83%, and purity is 83.7%;
5) 65% ethanol (volume ratio) wash-out for adsorption column, concentration and recovery ethanol, is dried and obtains 77.3g tea-polyphenol, and extraction yield is 15.5%, and purity is 99.1%;
6) by the effluent liquid by cation seperation column and adsorption column is concentrated, remove after the Partial Protein in tea polysaccharide by Sevag method, add ethanol and make tea polysaccharide precipitation, be dried and obtain 8.14g tea polysaccharide, extraction yield is 1.63%, and total sugar content is 70.7%.
Although specifically show and introduced the present invention in conjunction with preferred embodiment; but those skilled in the art should be understood that; not departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits; in the form and details the present invention is made a variety of changes, be protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a method of simultaneously extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: be 1:10-15 by weight by tealeaves and water, under light wave effect, 40-60 DEG C is soaked extraction 10-30 minute, filters to obtain tea grounds and soaked extracting solution, and concentrated soaked extracting solution;
Step 2: resin cation (R.C.), with after distilled water immersion, after bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry re-treatment 2 times, then with sour transition, is finally washed till to neutrality with distilled water; Described resin cation (R.C.) is the one in WA-2, D135,003 × 7,001 × 4 or 001 × 7;
Step 3: polymeric adsorbent is with after distilled water immersion, extremely colourless by washing with alcohol; Described polymeric adsorbent is the one in 92-2,92-3, NK-S3, XAD-7, D4020 or HP-21;
Step 4: the infusion of tea extracting solution in step 1 is passed through to cationic resin column with the speed of 25-40mL/min, and effluent liquid passes through adsorption resin column with the speed of 20-30mL/min again;
First remove the caffeine in cationic resin column with chloroform, concentration and recovery chloroform, the dry caffeine that obtains; Theanine in the citrate buffer solution wash-out cationic resin column that is 6.5-7.5 by pH value again, concentrated, low temperature crystallization obtains theanine;
Step 5: the ethanol elution that adsorption column is 60-80% by volume ratio, concentration and recovery ethanol, is dried to obtain tea-polyphenol;
Step 6: by the effluent liquid by cationic resin column and adsorption resin column is concentrated, remove after the Partial Protein in tea polysaccharide by Sevag method, add ethanol to make tea polysaccharide precipitation, be dried to obtain tea polysaccharide.
2. a kind of method of simultaneously extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tealeaves is the tankage in low-grade tea and Tea Production, described tealeaves is through being crushed between 60 order-80 orders.
3. a kind of method of simultaneously extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described water is deionized water.
4. a kind of method of simultaneously extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 1 also comprises tea grounds is added water again, tea grounds and water again soak and extract 10-30 minute in 40-60 DEG C by weight 1:5-10 under light wave effect, remove by filter filter residue, merge 2 times soaked extracting solution.
5. according to a kind of method of extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1-4 simultaneously, it is characterized in that: the concentrated soaked extracting solution described in step 1 is to 1/5 of original volume.
6. according to a kind of method of extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1-4 simultaneously, it is characterized in that: in step 2, acid is 5% hydrochloric acid, alkali is 5% sodium hydroxide.
7. according to a kind of method of extracting plurality of active ingredients from tealeaves described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1-4 simultaneously, it is characterized in that: described be filtered into that filter press, filter bag filter, membrane sepn filters; Described simmer down to distillation and concentration, vacuum concentration; Described is dried as lyophilize, vacuum-drying or sprays dry.
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茶叶中有效成分综合提取的研究;陈荣义等;《食品科学》;20050430;第26卷(第4期);第174-176页 *
郭辉力等.微波/光波辅助提取茶皂素的研究.《食品工业科技》.2008,(第11期),第168-170页.
陈荣义等.茶叶中有效成分综合提取的研究.《食品科学》.2005,第26卷(第4期),第174-176页.

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