CN102673365A - Hybrid power electric automobile driving system by utilizing synchronous belt transmission - Google Patents

Hybrid power electric automobile driving system by utilizing synchronous belt transmission Download PDF

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CN102673365A
CN102673365A CN2012101781381A CN201210178138A CN102673365A CN 102673365 A CN102673365 A CN 102673365A CN 2012101781381 A CN2012101781381 A CN 2012101781381A CN 201210178138 A CN201210178138 A CN 201210178138A CN 102673365 A CN102673365 A CN 102673365A
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synchronous belt
drive
engine
vehicle
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陈辛波
代群
余卓平
钟再敏
夏威夷
沈雨霏
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Tongji University
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Abstract

本发明公开一种采用同步带传动的混合动力电动汽车驱动系统,该驱动系统由前轮发动机驱动系统和二组独立控制的后轮电驱动系统组成;轮边电机输出转矩通过同步带小带轮、同步带、同步带大带轮传递至半轴和轮毂,并驱动后轮;发动机和轮边电机之间无直接机械联系,它们通过整车控制器来实现汽车驱动模式的转换。本发明的优点是此种分布式的布置形式相比于集中电机形式布置更加灵活,节省车内空间,并可实现全轮驱动、前轮驱动、后轮驱动等多种驱动控制模式,整车性能更好,有利于减小汽车簧下质量,成本低、高性能。

Figure 201210178138

The invention discloses a driving system of a hybrid electric vehicle using synchronous belt transmission. The driving system is composed of a front wheel engine driving system and two sets of independently controlled rear wheel electric driving systems; The synchronous belt, synchronous belt, and large pulley are transmitted to the half shaft and hub, and drive the rear wheel; there is no direct mechanical connection between the engine and the wheel motor, and they realize the conversion of the vehicle driving mode through the vehicle controller. The advantage of the present invention is that the distributed layout is more flexible than the centralized motor layout, saves space in the vehicle, and can realize multiple drive control modes such as all-wheel drive, front-wheel drive, and rear-wheel drive. The performance is better, it is beneficial to reduce the unsprung weight of the car, and the cost is low and the performance is high.

Figure 201210178138

Description

采用同步带传动的混合动力电动汽车驱动系统Hybrid electric vehicle drive system using synchronous belt drive

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种混合动力汽车驱动系统,特别是涉及一种分布式布置并采用同步带传递动力的混合动力电动汽车驱动系统。 The invention relates to a driving system of a hybrid electric vehicle, in particular to a driving system of a hybrid electric vehicle which is arranged in a distributed manner and adopts a synchronous belt to transmit power.

背景技术 Background technique

现代的油电混合动力电动汽车一般分为串联式、并联式和混联式三种。它们无一例外均采用集中电机驱动方案,即有一个大功率的主驱动电机与发动机的动力经过动力耦合装置动力耦合后再经传动轴、主减速器传递到车轮。为满足汽车性能要求,此种方案一般电机采用功率较大。目前电机功率密度不高,因此电机功率大,尺寸、质量必然很大,这样势必对整车性能造成不良影响,而且电机在车内布置并不灵活,很可能会影响到车内空间,对汽车的舒适性产生不良影响。 Modern gasoline-electric hybrid electric vehicles are generally divided into three types: series, parallel and hybrid. Without exception, they all adopt a centralized motor drive scheme, that is, there is a high-power main drive motor and the power of the engine is coupled through the power coupling device and then transmitted to the wheels through the transmission shaft and the final reducer. In order to meet the performance requirements of the car, this kind of scheme generally adopts a higher power motor. At present, the power density of the motor is not high, so the power of the motor is large, the size and quality must be large, which will inevitably have a negative impact on the performance of the vehicle, and the layout of the motor in the car is not flexible, which is likely to affect the space in the car and affect the car. adverse effect on comfort.

减速式轮边电驱动系统是目前较为新型的电动汽车传动方案,即各驱动电机被分别布置在各驱动轮附近,通过减速机构后直接驱动车轮。由于可以每个驱动轮均布置轮边电机,因此轮边电机可选功率较小的电机。并且轮边电驱动系统省略了传统汽车的离合器、万向节、传动轴与差速器等装置,因此使其相比集中电机驱动有独特的优势:整车结构简洁、可利用空间大;传动链短、驱动系统传动效率较高,各驱动轮转矩独立可控,底盘系统动力学控制更为灵活、方便等。但目前轮边电驱动系统由于中心距和传动比的要求而采用多级齿轮传动,增加了车辆的簧下质量,导致车辆性能的不理想,并且由于承载齿轮精密传动的要求导致了密封和润滑成本的提高。 The deceleration wheel-side electric drive system is a relatively new electric vehicle transmission scheme at present, that is, each drive motor is arranged near each drive wheel, and directly drives the wheels after passing through the deceleration mechanism. Since the wheel side motors can be arranged for each driving wheel, the wheel side motors can be selected from motors with less power. Moreover, the wheel-side electric drive system omits the clutches, universal joints, transmission shafts and differentials of traditional cars, so it has unique advantages compared with centralized motor drives: the vehicle has a simple structure and large available space; The chain is short, the transmission efficiency of the drive system is high, the torque of each drive wheel is independently controllable, and the dynamic control of the chassis system is more flexible and convenient. However, the current wheel-side electric drive system adopts multi-stage gear transmission due to the requirements of center distance and transmission ratio, which increases the unsprung mass of the vehicle, resulting in unsatisfactory vehicle performance, and due to the requirements of precise transmission of the bearing gear, it leads to sealing and lubrication. cost increase.

同步带是一种新型传动带,是在综合了带传动、链条传动和齿轮传动的优点而发展起来的。由于是利用带齿工作面与带轮齿槽啮合进行传动,因此带与带轮之间在传动过程中没有滑差而呈现同步传动。与传统V带相比具有带体轻而薄,强度高,传动比准确,传动效率高,传动功率范围大,传动速度高等优点。与链条传动相比具有同步性能好、无需润滑、重量轻、成本低及维修养护方便等优点。因而其发展非常迅速,并在一些特定场合已经取代了其他类型带传动或链传动,现已广泛应用于轻工机械、化工、计算机和通用机械等领域。但目前在汽车上的应用仅局限于控制发动机气门的凸轮轴驱动上。 The synchronous belt is a new type of transmission belt, which is developed by combining the advantages of belt transmission, chain transmission and gear transmission. Because the transmission is carried out by meshing the toothed working surface with the pulley, there is no slippage between the belt and the pulley during the transmission process, and synchronous transmission is presented. Compared with the traditional V-belt, it has the advantages of light and thin belt body, high strength, accurate transmission ratio, high transmission efficiency, large transmission power range and high transmission speed. Compared with chain transmission, it has the advantages of good synchronization performance, no lubrication, light weight, low cost and convenient maintenance. Therefore, its development is very rapid, and it has replaced other types of belt drive or chain drive in some specific occasions, and has been widely used in light industrial machinery, chemical industry, computer and general machinery and other fields. However, the current application in automobiles is limited to the camshaft drive that controls the engine valves.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种采用同步带传动的混合动力电动汽车驱动系统,将分布式轮边电驱动系统中的齿轮传动替换为同步带传动。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hybrid electric vehicle drive system using a synchronous belt drive, which replaces the gear drive in the distributed wheel-side electric drive system with a synchronous belt drive.

为了解决以上的技术问题,本发明提供了一种采用同步带传动的混合动力电动汽车驱动系统,即前轮由发动机提供动力,每个后轮均有一套轮边电驱动系统提供动力。具体传动方案为:由前轮发动机驱动系统和二组独立控制的后轮电驱动系统组成,其中,前轮驱动系统包括发动机、离合器、变速器和主减速器,与前置前驱的传统汽车一样,发动机的动力经离合器、变速器、主减速器传递驱动前轮。 In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a hybrid electric vehicle drive system using a synchronous belt drive, that is, the front wheels are powered by the engine, and each rear wheel is powered by a set of wheel-side electric drive systems. The specific transmission scheme is: it consists of a front-wheel engine drive system and two sets of independently controlled rear-wheel electric drive systems. Among them, the front-wheel drive system includes the engine, clutch, transmission and final drive. The power of the engine is transmitted through the clutch, the transmission, and the final drive to drive the front wheels.

后轮电驱动系统包括动力蓄电池、二个轮边电机和二组同步带减速机构,动力蓄电池通过电气连接为轮边电机供电,轮边电机的壳体与悬架单摆臂固结,轮边电机的转子输出轴与小带轮固联,半轴一端与大带轮固联,大小带轮通过同步带连接,半轴另一端与驱动轮轮毂固联;轮边电机输出转矩通过同步带小带轮、同步带、同步带大带轮传递至半轴和轮毂,并驱动后轮;发动机和轮边电机之间无直接机械联系,它们通过整车控制器来实现汽车驱动模式的转换。 The rear wheel electric drive system includes a power battery, two wheel side motors and two sets of synchronous belt reduction mechanisms. The power battery supplies power to the wheel side motors through electrical connections. The shell of the wheel side motors is consolidated with the single swing arm of the suspension. The rotor output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the small pulley, one end of the half shaft is fixedly connected to the large pulley, the large and small pulleys are connected through the timing belt, and the other end of the half shaft is fixedly connected to the hub of the driving wheel; the output torque of the wheel side motor passes through the timing belt The small pulley, synchronous belt, and large pulley of the synchronous belt are transmitted to the half shaft and hub, and drive the rear wheel; there is no direct mechanical connection between the engine and the wheel motor, and they realize the conversion of the vehicle driving mode through the vehicle controller.

所述悬架单摆臂为悬架单纵臂或悬架单斜臂。 The suspension single swing arm is a suspension single trailing arm or a suspension single oblique arm.

本发明的有益效果是: The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1)  采用此种分布式混合动力驱动方案能使得整车质量分配合理,前后轮均有动力输出而构成全轮驱动,整车性能更为良好。相比于传动的全轮驱动汽车,机构简化,传动效率高,并且构成混合动力汽车使汽车经济性大为提高; 1) The use of this distributed hybrid drive scheme can make the mass distribution of the vehicle reasonable, and the front and rear wheels have power output to form all-wheel drive, and the performance of the vehicle is better. Compared with the transmission of all-wheel drive vehicles, the mechanism is simplified, the transmission efficiency is high, and the configuration of hybrid vehicles greatly improves the economy of the vehicle;

2)  此种分布式混合动力驱动方案更加适合于传统内燃机汽车向新能源汽车的改装。由于新能源汽车开发难度较大,因此由传统的内燃机汽车向新能源汽车的改装无疑是最为方便和现实的办法。而此种分布式驱动系统可以完全保留前置前驱的传统发动机动力传动机构,仅需为后轮加装二组独立控制、且由同步带减速传动的轮边电驱动系统,因此十分适合传统车向新能源汽车的改装; 2) This kind of distributed hybrid drive scheme is more suitable for the conversion of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles to new energy vehicles. Since the development of new energy vehicles is more difficult, it is undoubtedly the most convenient and realistic way to refit from traditional internal combustion engine vehicles to new energy vehicles. This kind of distributed drive system can completely retain the traditional engine power transmission mechanism of the front and front drive, and only need to install two sets of wheel-side electric drive systems that are independently controlled and driven by synchronous belt reduction for the rear wheels, so it is very suitable for traditional vehicles. Conversion to new energy vehicles;

3)  采用轮边电驱动系统相比于集中电机驱动布置灵活,传动链短、驱动系统传动效率较高,各驱动轮转矩独立可控,底盘系统动力学控制更为灵活、方便; 3) Compared with the centralized motor drive, the wheel-side electric drive system is more flexible in arrangement, the transmission chain is shorter, the transmission efficiency of the drive system is higher, the torque of each drive wheel is independently controllable, and the dynamic control of the chassis system is more flexible and convenient;

4)  将轮边电驱动系统减速机构采用同步带传动相比于齿轮传动能够更好地满足轮边电驱动系统的中心距要求,结构简化,有利于车辆簧下质量的减小,因此有利于汽车的平顺性和操纵稳定性,并且由于同步带传动效率高,适应能力强,而不需要润滑和密封,因此成本更加低廉。 4) Compared with the gear transmission, the deceleration mechanism of the wheel electric drive system can better meet the center distance requirements of the wheel electric drive system. The smoothness and handling stability of the car, and because the synchronous belt has high transmission efficiency and strong adaptability, it does not require lubrication and sealing, so the cost is lower.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明结构示意图; Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

图2为本发明中单个后轮驱动装置的结构布置图; Fig. 2 is the structural arrangement drawing of single rear wheel drive device among the present invention;

图中标号说明 Explanation of symbols in the figure

1-前轮;                            2-发动机; 1 - front wheel; 2 - engine;

3-离合器;                          4-小带轮; 3-clutch; 4-small pulley;

5-大带轮;                          6-同步带; 5-large pulley; 6-synchronous belt;

7-轮边电机;                        8-动力蓄电池; 7-Wheel motor; 8-Power battery;

9-变速器;                          10-主减速器; 9 - transmission; 10 - final drive;

11-橡胶衬套;                       12-悬架单摆臂; 11-rubber bushing; 12-suspension single swing arm;

13-车轮轮辋;                       14-车轮轮毂; 13-Wheel rim; 14-Wheel hub;

15-轮毂轴承;                       16-鼓式制动器; 15-wheel bearing; 16-drum brake;

17-鼓式制动器制动底板;             18-半轴套管; 17-drum brake bottom plate; 18-half shaft sleeve;

19-半轴;                           20-轴承; 19-half shaft; 20-bearing;

21-后轮。 21 - rear wheel.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

请参阅附图所示,对本发明作进一步地描述。 Referring to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be further described.

如图1和图2所示,本发明提供了一种采用同步带传动的混合动力电动汽车驱动系统,即前轮由发动机提供动力,每个后轮均有一套轮边电驱动系统提供动力。具体传动方案为:由前轮发动机驱动系统和二组独立控制的后轮电驱动系统组成,其中,前轮驱动系统包括发动机2、离合器3、变速器9和主减速器10,发动机2的动力经离合器3、变速器9、主减速器10传递驱动前轮。 As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention provides a hybrid electric vehicle drive system using a synchronous belt drive, that is, the front wheels are powered by the engine, and each rear wheel is powered by a wheel-side electric drive system. The specific transmission scheme is: it is composed of a front-wheel engine drive system and two sets of independently controlled rear-wheel electric drive systems, wherein the front-wheel drive system includes an engine 2, a clutch 3, a transmission 9 and a final drive 10, and the power of the engine 2 is passed through The clutch 3, the speed changer 9, and the final drive 10 transmit and drive the front wheels.

后轮电驱动系统包括动力蓄电池8、二个轮边电机7和二组同步带减速机构,动力蓄电池8通过电气连接为轮边电机7供电,悬架单摆臂12通过橡胶衬套11铰接在车架上,轮边电机7的壳体与悬架单摆臂12固结,轮边电机7的转子输出轴与小带轮4固联,半轴19一端与大带轮5固联,大小带轮通过同步带6连接,半轴19另一端由轮毂轴承15支承于半轴套管18内,半轴套管18与悬架单摆臂12固连,半轴与驱动轮轮毂14固联,轮毂14与鼓式制动器16以及轮辋13通过螺栓固定连接。轮边电机7输出转矩通过同步带小带轮4、同步带6、同步带大带轮5传递至半轴19和轮毂14后,再传递至轮辋13,最终驱动后轮21。发动机2和轮边电机7之间无直接机械联系,它们通过整车控制器来实现汽车驱动模式的转换。 The rear wheel electric drive system includes a power battery 8, two wheel side motors 7 and two sets of synchronous belt reduction mechanisms. The power battery 8 supplies power to the wheel side motors 7 through electrical connections, and the suspension single swing arm 12 is hinged on the On the vehicle frame, the housing of the wheel side motor 7 is consolidated with the suspension single swing arm 12, the rotor output shaft of the wheel side motor 7 is fixedly connected with the small pulley 4, and one end of the half shaft 19 is fixedly connected with the large pulley 5. The pulley is connected through the timing belt 6, the other end of the half shaft 19 is supported in the half shaft sleeve 18 by the hub bearing 15, the half shaft sleeve 18 is fixedly connected with the single swing arm 12 of the suspension, and the half shaft is fixedly connected with the driving wheel hub 14 , the hub 14 is fixedly connected to the drum brake 16 and the rim 13 by bolts. The output torque of wheel side motor 7 is transmitted to axle shaft 19 and wheel hub 14 through synchronous belt small pulley 4, synchronous belt 6 and synchronous belt large pulley 5, then to wheel rim 13, and finally drives rear wheel 21. There is no direct mechanical connection between the engine 2 and the wheel motor 7, and they realize the conversion of the driving mode of the vehicle through the vehicle controller.

所述悬架单摆臂12为悬架单纵臂或悬架单斜臂。 The suspension single swing arm 12 is a suspension single trailing arm or a suspension single oblique arm.

所述混合动力电动汽车驱动系统其具体的驱动策略是:在车辆起步时,由轮边电机7通过同步带减速机构减速增扭后驱动后轮21,而此时发动机2并不工作,这样发挥了减速式轮边电驱动的低速大转矩、加速性好的优点,避免了发动机在低负荷率时燃油消耗率较高的缺点。在低速需求转矩低的城市工况时,车辆需求功率较低,两个轮边电机7的动力完全足以提供车辆动力,车辆处于纯电动工况行驶;当汽车处于高速或爬坡等工况时,车辆需求功率较高,这时可以开启发动机2,使车辆工作在混合动力模式,共同提供车辆的功率需求;若动力蓄电池8馈电时可以接入电网由电网进行充电,也可以用发动机2通过发电机(此电机为发动机的启动电机)为动力蓄电池8充电,实现车辆边行驶边充电或者是停车充电的功能;轮边电机7还可以在汽车制动时吸收制动能,为动力蓄电池8充电,实现制动能的回馈功能。整车控制器实现对整车的能量管理,合理分配发动机2与电机7的动力,使得发动机2、电机7能尽量工作在油耗最低以及效率最低的区域,从而极大地改善整车效率,有效延长汽车续驶里程,提高经济性和动力性。 Its specific driving strategy of the described hybrid electric vehicle drive system is: when the vehicle starts, the rear wheel 21 is driven by the wheel motor 7 through the synchronous belt reduction mechanism to reduce the speed and increase the torque, while the engine 2 does not work at this time, so that the It realizes the advantages of low-speed, high-torque and good acceleration of the deceleration wheel-side electric drive, and avoids the disadvantage of high fuel consumption rate of the engine at low load rate. In urban working conditions with low demand torque at low speeds, the power required by the vehicle is low, and the power of the two wheel motors 7 is fully sufficient to provide vehicle power, and the vehicle is running in pure electric conditions; when the vehicle is in high-speed or climbing conditions, etc. When the power requirement of the vehicle is relatively high, the engine 2 can be turned on at this time to make the vehicle work in a hybrid mode to jointly provide the power demand of the vehicle; 2. Charge the power storage battery 8 through the generator (this motor is the starter motor of the engine) to realize the function of charging while the vehicle is driving or parking; the wheel side motor 7 can also absorb the braking energy when the car brakes to provide power The storage battery 8 is charged to realize the feedback function of braking energy. The vehicle controller realizes the energy management of the vehicle, reasonably distributes the power of the engine 2 and the motor 7, so that the engine 2 and the motor 7 can work in the area with the lowest fuel consumption and the lowest efficiency, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the vehicle and effectively extending the Increase the mileage of the car and improve the economy and power.

上述的具体实施方式只是示例性的,是为了更好的使本领域技术人员能够理解本专利,不能理解为是对本专利包括范围的限制,对于前轮采用前置发动机驱动、后轮采用同步带减速式单摆臂悬架轮边电驱动型式的,或基于此所作的任何等同变更或修饰均属于本发明的保护范围。  The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only exemplary, and are intended to better enable those skilled in the art to understand this patent, and should not be understood as limiting the scope of this patent. The wheel-side electric drive type of the deceleration single-swing arm suspension, or any equivalent change or modification based on it, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. the

Claims (2)

1.一种采用同步带传动的混合动力电动汽车驱动系统,其特征在于:该驱动系统由前轮发动机驱动系统和二组独立控制的后轮电驱动系统组成;其中,前轮发动机驱动系统包括前置发动机、离合器、变速器和主减速器,发动机的动力经离合器、变速器、主减速器传递驱动前轮;后轮电驱动系统包括动力蓄电池、二个轮边电机和二组同步带减速机构,动力蓄电池通过电气连接为轮边电机供电,轮边电机的壳体与悬架单摆臂固结,轮边电机的转子输出轴与小带轮固联,半轴一端与大带轮固联,大小带轮通过同步带连接,半轴另一端与驱动轮轮毂固联;轮边电机输出转矩通过同步带小带轮、同步带、同步带大带轮传递至半轴和轮毂,并驱动后轮;发动机和轮边电机之间无直接机械联系,它们通过整车控制器来实现汽车驱动模式的转换。 1. A hybrid electric vehicle drive system that adopts a synchronous belt drive, is characterized in that: the drive system is composed of a front-wheel engine drive system and two groups of independently controlled rear-wheel electric drive systems; wherein, the front-wheel engine drive system includes Front engine, clutch, transmission and final drive, the power of the engine is transmitted through the clutch, transmission and final drive to drive the front wheels; the rear wheel electric drive system includes power batteries, two wheel motors and two sets of synchronous belt reduction mechanisms, The power battery supplies power to the wheel motor through electrical connection, the shell of the wheel motor is fixed with the single swing arm of the suspension, the rotor output shaft of the wheel motor is fixedly connected to the small pulley, and one end of the half shaft is fixedly connected to the large pulley. The large and small pulleys are connected by a synchronous belt, and the other end of the half shaft is fixedly connected with the hub of the driving wheel; the output torque of the wheel side motor is transmitted to the half shaft and the hub through the small pulley of the synchronous belt, the synchronous belt, and the large pulley of the synchronous belt, and drives the rear There is no direct mechanical connection between the engine and the wheel motors, and they realize the conversion of the driving mode of the vehicle through the vehicle controller. 2.根据权利要求书1所述的采用同步带传动的混合动力电动汽车驱动系统,其特征在于:所述悬架单摆臂为悬架单纵臂或悬架单斜臂。 2. The hybrid electric vehicle drive system using synchronous belt transmission according to claim 1, wherein the suspension single swing arm is a suspension single trailing arm or a suspension single oblique arm.
CN2012101781381A 2012-06-01 2012-06-01 Hybrid power electric automobile driving system by utilizing synchronous belt transmission Pending CN102673365A (en)

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US9568066B2 (en) 2014-09-10 2017-02-14 Byd Company Limited Power transmission system and vehicle comprising the same
US9874266B2 (en) 2014-09-10 2018-01-23 Byd Company Limited Power transmission system and vehicle comprising the same
US9568065B2 (en) 2014-09-10 2017-02-14 Byd Company Limited Transmission unit, power transmission system and vehicle comprising the same
US9421966B2 (en) 2014-10-20 2016-08-23 Byd Company Limited Hybrid vehicle and shifting control method and power transmission system thereof
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Application publication date: 20120919