CN102662910A - Network interaction system based on embedded system and network interaction method - Google Patents
Network interaction system based on embedded system and network interaction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a network interaction system based on an embedded system and a network interaction method; the network interaction system comprises a network interface, a network driver, a user mode network protocol stack and a first IO interface in a user state; and a second IO interface and a driver interface; and a kernel network protocol stack, a virtual network driver and a virtual character device driver in a kernel mode; and a shared memory. The network interaction method comprises the following steps: initializing; and receiving and transmitting a message when the message carries a general command executed by the user mode network protocol stack; receiving and transmitting the message when the message carries the general command executed by the kernel network protocol stack. According to the invention, the network driver in the user mode is jointed with the kernel network protocol stack so as to realize use of traditional network application programs driven by the user mode network driver and optimize performance of network communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to embedded system, particularly a kind of network interaction system and network interaction method based on embedded system.
Background technology
The trend of current computer system development is reducing of volume, so the embedded system that palm PC just occurred and adapted to it.Embedded system is a kind of computer operating system, when it operates on the computing machine like one type of palm PC, often have the characteristic of real-time system, but embedded system is restricted at aspects such as volume, memory size and power supplys.This just requires operating system and application program must internally deposit into the administration-management reason effectively.Because embedded system is not generally used virtual storing technology, the developer often only can do limited physical memory and adapt to exploitation.
The processor of prior art or processor core can move under two kinds of patterns, i.e. kernel state and user's attitude.When embedded system got into kernel state through system call, processor was carried out kernel code.Accomplish some functions of embedded system.When embedded system got into kernel state, the context of application program will switch away from the processor or the processing kernel of current executed, and promptly the embedded system of prior art has adopted " context switching " to support the switching of kernel state and user's attitude.This context handover mechanism has brought the expense on many physical memories, especially for certain operations system intensive applications, if frequently carry out the context switching performance is had bigger influence, reduces the travelling speed of embedded system.
In order to overcome the problems referred to above aspect the network interaction of embedded system; Current many embedded systems realize network-driven and network protocol stack to become in user's attitude to realize from kernel state; General web application can be through revising its internal code with the network enabled protocol stack, its based on the network interaction system comprise:
Network interface;
Be implemented in the network-driven of user's attitude, message is read to network interface;
Be implemented in the network protocol stack of user's attitude, comprise a plurality of specific network protocol layers;
The IO interface is arranged for from web application reception message and to web application pass-along message; Described message is to carry the generic command of carrying out into by the specific network protocols layer.
Thisly network-driven and network protocol stack are implemented in the context that the embedded system of user's attitude can reduce between kernel state and the user's attitude to a great extent switch; Shortened the bang path of data; And improved the network interaction performance, the internal memory of embedded system has also obtained effective utilization.
But the network-driven of this kind embedded system can't be connected with the core network protocol stack.Because some web applications (comprising the network debugging acid) can't revise its internal code, thus only support kernel protocol stack, network-driven can't be directly and these web applications carry out exchanges data.Therefore, this embedded system that network-driven and network protocol stack are implemented in user's attitude can cause the subnetwork application program to use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of network interaction system and network interaction method based on embedded system; Can be connected with the core network protocol stack user's attitude network-driven; Realized only supporting that the web application of core network protocol stack also can use under user's attitude network-driven scene, the embedded system of the type has obtained pervasive.
A kind of network interaction system based on embedded system, described embedded system can get into user's attitude and kernel state through system call, and described network interaction system comprises:
Network interface in user's attitude, network-driven, user mode network protocol stack and an IO interface; The 2nd IO interface and driving interface;
Core network protocol stack in the kernel mode, virtual network drive and the virtual character device drives; And,
Shared drive;
A described IO interface and second interface are used for from web application reception message and to web application pass-along message; Wherein, Carry out interactive messages through an IO interface and carry the generic command of carrying out by the specific network protocols layer of user mode network protocol stack, carry out interactive messages through the 2nd IO interface and carry the generic command of carrying out by the specific network protocols layer of core network protocol stack;
Described user mode network protocol stack is handled the generic command that is used to carry out, and generates the particular command of being carried out by network-driven according to generic command;
Described core network protocol stack is handled the generic command that is used to carry out, and generates the particular command by the virtual network driving execution according to generic command;
Virtual network drives, and carries out the particular command of core network protocol stack, visit core network protocol stack and realize shared drive and the core network protocol stack between interacting message;
Driving interface, the visit shared drive and realize network-driven and shared drive between interacting message; And,
The virtual character device drives is used for the address space that the control interface of kernel state is provided and described shared drive is mapped to user's attitude to driving interface.
Introduce optimal technical scheme of the present invention below.
Particularly, described the 2nd IO interface is a sockets interface.
Further, described shared drive is organized into cyclic buffer, and adopts the mode of not having lock to read and write.
Further, described driving interface is through calling the vn_put function and the vn_get function reads the data in the shared drive.
Further, the control interface of virtual character device drives comprises ioctl interface and mmap interface.
A kind of utilization is the network interaction method of network interaction system realization as stated, may further comprise the steps:
(1) to the initialization of network interaction system, load virtual network and drive and the virtual character device drives, set up shared drive;
(2) carry the generic command of being carried out by user mode network protocol stack when described message, the reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In a network interface or an IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven and user mode network protocol stack are initiated operation;
Send message or transmit message to web application, and when complete operation, in a network interface or an IO interface, be written into response from web application; And,
Read described response;
(3) carry the generic command of being carried out by the core network protocol stack when described message, the reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven, driving interface, shared drive, virtual network are driven and core network protocol stack initiation operation;
Send message or transmit message to web application, and when complete operation, in network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into response from web application; And,
Read described response.
In step (1), the described shared drive of setting up comprises step:
(1.1) apply for two sections respectively spaces of 512 page sizes, calculate the frame number of each page, these pages or leaves are set to keep page or leaf entirely;
(1.2) network-driven is controlled described virtual character device drives through driving interface, with the address space of said two sections spatial mappings to user's attitude.
Further, described shared drive comprises transmission buffer zone and send buffer, in step (3),
Described to web application transmission message, comprise step:
Whether the send buffer that network-driven is called driving interface inspection shared drive is full, if full then packet loss, discontented then through driving interface message is sent to send buffer; And,
The core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives the poll send buffer, drives the message that reads in the send buffer and carries out interacting message with web application through virtual network;
Described from web application transmission message, comprise step:
Whether the core network protocol stack to drive the transmission buffer zone of inspection shared drive full if calling virtual network, if full then packet loss, discontented then through the virtual network driving message is put into the transmission buffer zone of shared drive; And,
Network-driven is called the driving interface poll and is sent buffer zone, reads the message of sending in the buffer zone and carries out interacting message with network interface through driving interface.
Further, described poll comprises step:
A, on shared drive, set up work queue;
B, polling tasks is put into work queue;
Whether the buffer zone of c, inspection shared drive is empty, if sky then read message not always; If the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, then polling tasks is put into the time that appointment is waited in work queue.
For the message that network-driven is received passes to core network protocol stack (being the reception of message) or the internet message bag that kernel Upper Level Network Protocol stack need send is passed to user's attitude network driver (being the transmission of message), the communication modes of a kind of kernel state and user's attitude must be arranged at first.
Because traditional kernel state and user's attitude communication modes is system call; The system call meeting brings frequent context to switch continually; Bring bigger performance loss, in addition because kernel state and user's attitude address space different must be carried out message copying through mode pass-along message between binary states of system call; This can bring performance loss again; For fear of these performance losss, adopt the mode of setting up shared drive to realize the communication of kernel state and user's attitude, significantly reduced the number of times of system call and the copy number of times of message.Simultaneously,, can described shared drive be organized as a cyclic buffer, and adopt no lock mode to read and write, can avoid the use of the expense that mutual exclusion lock is brought in order to optimize shared drive.But this read-write mode must use polling mode to check whether buffer zone is full or is sky.
But general poll can cause cpu load overweight owing to detect buffer zone always, causes very big performance loss.Therefore; The present invention is optimized on traditional polling mode; The end that reads at buffer zone is read end if having message then to transplant to read, and up to buffer empty, is about to read operation and puts into to a work queue and wait; And after designated time intervals, restart read operation, at this moment buffer zone is if there is new message then to begin to read message; If this moment, buffer zone was empty again, then once more read operation is put into the time that appointment is waited in work queue, the cpu performance expense of so just having avoided lasting read operation to bring.
Realize that kernel state need be connected message with communication between user's attitude with the Upper Level Network Protocol stack; Drive the interacting message that can realize core network protocol stack and user's attitude network-driven through virtual network: virtual network drives and can write by the network-driven model, realizes the transmitting-receiving of message.
The virtual character device drives has realized system is controlled; Comprise and set up shared drive; User's attitude network-driven can be controlled system through operating this virtual character device drives corresponding equipment file; Like ioctl and mmap, it also is the mmap method realization that drives through this character device that the shared drive application of foundation distributes.
The present invention can realize the core network function under network-driven, can under user's attitude network-driven, carry out based on the web application of traditional socket, guarantees very high performance simultaneously; The present invention is connected the network interface of user's attitude with the core network protocol stack, realized that the traditional network application program also can use under user's attitude network-driven, and optimized the performance of network communication.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of network interaction system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of network interaction method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a message sink schematic flow sheet in the network interaction method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a message transmission flow synoptic diagram in the network interaction method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Introduce embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of network interaction system based on embedded system; As shown in Figure 1; Comprise network interface, network-driven, an IO interface, the 2nd IO interface, driving interface and user mode network protocol stack in the system user attitude; Virtual character device drives in the system kernel attitude, virtual network drive and the core network protocol stack shared drive.
Described user mode network protocol stack and core network protocol stack include a plurality of specific network protocol layers.
Because the web application (calling one type of web application in the following text) of the overwhelming majority is supported user mode network protocol stack; And be implemented in the direct calling party attitude network protocol stack of network-driven ability of user's attitude; Therefore; Described network interaction system can directly realize the network interaction process of web application in user's attitude in the network interaction of one type of web application, particularly, the network interaction system comprises:
The one IO interface is used for from one type of web application reception message and to one type of web application pass-along message; Described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by the specific network protocols layer of user mode network protocol stack;
User mode network protocol stack is handled the generic command that is used to carry out, and generates the particular command of being carried out by network-driven according to generic command;
Network-driven is carried out the particular command of user mode network protocol stack, calling party attitude network protocol stack and realize network interface and network protocol stack between interacting message.
In the web application of user's attitude; Exist the web application (calling two types of web applications in the following text) of part only to support the core network protocol stack; And the network-driven that is implemented in user's attitude can not directly be visited the core network protocol stack; Therefore, described network interaction system must realize the network interaction process of web application at kernel state in the network interaction of two types of web applications.Particularly, the network interaction system comprises:
The 2nd IO interface is used for from two types of web applications reception message and to two types of web application pass-along messages; Described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by the specific network protocols layer of core network protocol stack;
The core network protocol stack is handled the generic command that is used to carry out, and generates the particular command by the virtual network driving execution according to generic command;
Virtual network drives, and carries out the particular command of core network protocol stack, visit core network protocol stack and realize shared drive and the core network protocol stack between interacting message;
Driving interface, the visit shared drive and realize network-driven and shared drive between interacting message; And,
The virtual character device drives is used for the address space that the control interface of kernel state is provided and described shared drive is mapped to user's attitude to driving interface.
Described shared drive is made up of two internal memories, and one is used for as sending buffer zone, and another piece is used for as send buffer.Two block buffers all are organized into cyclic buffer, and adopt the mode of not having lock to read and write, and can avoid the use of the expense that mutual exclusion lock is brought like this.Realize communicating by letter of kernel state and user's attitude with the mode of shared drive, can significantly reduce the number of times of system call and the copy number of times of data.
Described the 2nd IO interface is a sockets interface.In order to realize that web application and core network protocol stack carry out interacting message, create a sockets interface, and sockets interface is set communication type (like TCP, UDP, broadcasting etc.) is set.When web application and core network protocol stack carry out interacting message, call user's attitude socket built-in functions such as send, recv and carry out interacting message.
In the present embodiment; Because the network-driven of user's attitude can't be controlled the part of network interaction system kernel state; Also can't directly conduct interviews, so body series at first is provided with driving interface, can realizes that network-driven is to data write in the shared drive shared drive.
More particularly, because network-driven needs the control to the system data transfer, driving interface specifically need realize following function:
1, the method for operation shared drive is provided for network-driven; Comprise through this driving interface and carry out vn_put function and vn_get function; Wherein, the vn_put function has realized data are write the function of send buffer, and the vn_get function has been realized data from sending the function that buffer zone reads;
2, system initialization is promptly when network-driven is moved, to the program loading of virtual network driving and virtual character device drives in the kernel state; Comprise through this driving interface and carry out the vn_init function, wherein, the vn_init function has been realized the initialization of system, the configuration shared drive in the mac address of user's space, be about to the address that shared drive maps to user's attitude, and send and begin to receive and dispatch command word.
3, the interior details of encapsulation shielding shared drive.
Because driving interface can't directly be called the file in the kernel state, also further improve above-mentioned functions for the above-mentioned functions that realizes driving interface, body series also is provided with the virtual character device drives in kernel state.
The virtual character device drives is used for address space from user's attitude to driving interface that the control interface of kernel state is provided and described shared drive is mapped to; Through driving interface and virtual character device drives, the network-driven that is implemented in user's attitude can be read and write specific operation and can in kernel state, trigger function performance shown in the execution list 1 corresponding file in the kernel state.
Table 1 function and execution function thereof
| Function name | Function |
| vn_cdev_open(open) | Assignment private data pointer |
| vn_cdev_exit(release) | Do not have |
| vn_cdev_ioctl(ioctl) | Ioctl is provided function |
| vn_cdev_mmap(mmap) | The memory-mapped function is provided |
Wherein,, comprise ioctl interface and mmap interface, realize respectively vn_cdev_ioctl function calls and vn_cdev_mmap function calls to the control interface that driving interface provides; The function that realizes is following:
One, vn_cdev_ioctl function has been realized 3 control command words, that is: herein
VN_IOC_START: beginning data transmit-receive;
VN_IOC_STOP: suspend data transmit-receive; And,
VN_IOC_MAPDIR: the memory block of selecting the appointment of mmap function.
Two, mmap function, the memory headroom of applying for when calling the initialization before of remap_pfn_range function is mapped in the address space of user's attitude, thereby realizes shared drive.
Virtual network drives main being responsible for the core network agreement is connected with shared drive; Carry out the particular command of core network protocol stack; The visit core network protocol stack and realize shared drive and the core network protocol stack between interacting message; Make network-driven can visit the core network protocol stack indirectly, realize a virtual network interface.Can be configured this virtual network driving through user's attitude network configuration tool ifconfig, vconfig etc., this virtual driving is write according to the legacy network devices model, realizes that specifically function is as shown in table 2.
The realization function that table 2 virtual network drives
A kind of network interaction method of having utilized above-mentioned network interaction system has realized the message interaction process between web application and the network, and is as shown in Figure 2, comprises the reception of message and the transmission of message, may further comprise the steps:
(1) to the initialization of network interaction system, load virtual network and drive and the virtual character device drives, set up shared drive;
(2) carry the generic command of being carried out by user mode network protocol stack when described message, the reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In a network interface or an IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven and user mode network protocol stack are initiated operation;
Send message or transmit message to web application, and when complete operation, in a network interface or an IO interface, be written into response from web application; And,
Read described response;
(3) carry the generic command of being carried out by the core network protocol stack when described message, the reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven, driving interface, shared drive, virtual network are driven and core network protocol stack initiation operation;
Send message or transmit message to web application, and when complete operation, in network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into response from web application; And,
Read described response.
Further, in step (1), the described shared drive of setting up comprises step:
(1.1) apply for two sections respectively spaces of 512 page sizes, calculate the frame number of each page, these pages or leaves are set to keep page or leaf entirely;
(1.2) network-driven is controlled described virtual character device drives through driving interface, with the address space of said two sections spatial mappings to user's attitude.
More particularly, the foundation of shared drive is that the process of Memory Allocation further comprises:
To the initialization of network interaction system, call the space of two sections each 512 page sizes of get_free_pages application, rx_buff by name respectively and tx_buff;
Call the frame number that virt_to_page calculates each page, each page or leaf is called SetPageReserved, these pages or leaves are set to keep page or leaf entirely;
Network-driven is called the map function through driving interface, has called the mmap function that the virtual character device drives provides then, with the address space of these two sections memory-mapped to user's attitude.
Further, described shared drive comprises transmission buffer zone and send buffer, in step (3),
Described to web application transmission message, comprise step:
Whether the send buffer that network-driven is called driving interface inspection shared drive is full, if full then packet loss, discontented then through driving interface message is sent to send buffer; And,
The core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives the poll send buffer, drives the message that reads in the send buffer and carries out interacting message with web application through virtual network;
Described from web application transmission message, comprise step:
Whether the core network protocol stack to drive the transmission buffer zone of inspection shared drive full if calling virtual network, if full then packet loss, discontented then through the virtual network driving message is put into the transmission buffer zone of shared drive; And,
Network-driven is called the driving interface poll and is sent buffer zone, reads the message of sending in the buffer zone and carries out interacting message with network interface through driving interface.
Described message is at present embodiment and specifies MAC Address or broadcast packet (promptly in general sense packet);
Send message to web application, i.e. the polling mode through optimizing is adopted in the reception of message; Data are arranged in send buffer, and virtual network drives and then constantly from send buffer, takes out data, submits to the core network protocol stack; When send buffer is empty, will receive routine and put into waiting list, restart the reception routine after the wait fixed time; Specifically can be as shown in Figure 3, in the described Data Receiving flow process of Fig. 3, the fixed time of wait is 4ms.
Transmit message from web application, i.e. the transmission of message further comprises: when the core network protocol stack need send data; Call vn_ndev_tx; This function will check whether send buffer zone full, discontented then with copying data in buffer zone, expired and then abandoned this packet; In sending buffer zone, data are arranged; User's attitude network-driven is then constantly taken out data and is sent from send buffer zone, when send buffer is empty, will sends routine and put into waiting list; Restart the transmission routine after waiting for the fixed time; Specifically can be as shown in Figure 4, in the described data transmission flow of Fig. 4, the fixed time of wait is 1ms.
Further, the realization of poll realizes through polling tasks is put in the work queue, comprises step:
A, on shared drive, set up work queue;
B, polling tasks is put into work queue;
Whether the buffer zone of c, inspection shared drive is empty, if sky then read message not always; If the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, then polling tasks is put into the time that appointment is waited in work queue.
Concrete implementation is following:
At first, polling tasks is put into work queue;
Call create_singlethread_workqueue and set up a work queue wq, create a task poll_work, this task and poll function vn_ndev_poll are bound through the INIT_WORK function; At last, through calling queue_delayed_work this task is submitted to work queue wq, this task will be carried out after the jiffies of appointment.
Secondly, whether the inspection send buffer has packet, empty up to send buffer if having then read data bag always, and polling tasks is put into work queue wait; If send buffer is empty, then polling tasks is put into the time that appointment is waited in work queue.
In poll function vn_ndev_poll, this function checks that at first whether send buffer is empty, does not receive packet for sky then calls vn_ndev_do_poll, calls queue_delayed_work then self task poll_work is submitted to work queue.The poll function just can constantly be performed by certain time interval like this, has so also just realized poll.
Claims (9)
1. network interaction system based on embedded system, described embedded system can get into user's attitude and kernel state through system call, it is characterized in that described network interaction system comprises:
Network interface in user's attitude, network-driven, user mode network protocol stack and an IO interface; The 2nd IO interface and driving interface;
Core network protocol stack in the kernel mode, virtual network drive and the virtual character device drives; And,
Shared drive;
A described IO interface and second interface are used for from web application reception message and to web application pass-along message; Wherein, Carry out interactive messages through an IO interface and carry the generic command of carrying out by the specific network protocols layer of user mode network protocol stack, carry out interactive messages through the 2nd IO interface and carry the generic command of carrying out by the specific network protocols layer of core network protocol stack;
Described user mode network protocol stack is handled the generic command that is used to carry out, and generates the particular command of being carried out by network-driven according to generic command;
Described core network protocol stack is handled the generic command that is used to carry out, and generates the particular command by the virtual network driving execution according to generic command;
Virtual network drives, and carries out the particular command of core network protocol stack, visit core network protocol stack and realize shared drive and the core network protocol stack between interacting message;
Driving interface, the visit shared drive and realize network-driven and shared drive between interacting message; And,
The virtual character device drives is used for the address space that the control interface of kernel state is provided and described shared drive is mapped to user's attitude to driving interface.
2. network interaction system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described the 2nd IO interface is a sockets interface.
3. network interaction system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described shared drive is organized into cyclic buffer, and adopts the mode of not having lock to read and write.
4. network interaction system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described driving interface is through calling the vn_put function and the vn_get function reads the data in the shared drive.
5. network interaction system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the control interface of virtual character device drives comprises ioctl interface and mmap interface.
6. one kind is utilized the network interaction method of network interaction system realization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) to the initialization of network interaction system, load virtual network and drive and the virtual character device drives, set up shared drive;
(2) carry the generic command of being carried out by user mode network protocol stack when described message, the reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In a network interface or an IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven and user mode network protocol stack are initiated operation;
Send message or transmit message to web application, and when complete operation, in a network interface or an IO interface, be written into response from web application; And,
Read described response;
(3) carry the generic command of being carried out by the core network protocol stack when described message, the reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven, driving interface, shared drive, virtual network are driven and core network protocol stack initiation operation;
Send message or transmit message to web application, and when complete operation, in network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into response from web application; And,
Read described response.
7. network interaction method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, in step (1), the described shared drive of setting up comprises step:
(1.1) apply for two sections respectively spaces of 512 page sizes, calculate the frame number of each page, these pages or leaves are set to keep page or leaf entirely;
(1.2) network-driven is controlled described virtual character device drives through driving interface, with the address space of said two sections spatial mappings to user's attitude.
8. network interaction method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described shared drive comprises transmission buffer zone and send buffer, in step (3),
Described to web application transmission message, comprise step:
Whether the send buffer that network-driven is called driving interface inspection shared drive is full, if full then packet loss, discontented then through driving interface message is sent to send buffer; And,
The core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives the poll send buffer, drives the message that reads in the send buffer and carries out interacting message with web application through virtual network;
Described from web application transmission message, comprise step:
Whether the core network protocol stack to drive the transmission buffer zone of inspection shared drive full if calling virtual network, if full then packet loss, discontented then through the virtual network driving message is put into the transmission buffer zone of shared drive; And,
Network-driven is called the driving interface poll and is sent buffer zone, reads the message of sending in the buffer zone and carries out interacting message with network interface through driving interface.
9. network interaction method as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described poll comprises step:
A, on shared drive, set up work queue;
B, polling tasks is put into work queue;
Whether the buffer zone of c, inspection shared drive is empty, if sky then read message not always; If the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, then polling tasks is put into the time that appointment is waited in work queue.
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