CN102662910B - Network interaction system based on embedded system and network interaction method - Google Patents
Network interaction system based on embedded system and network interaction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a network interaction system based on an embedded system and a network interaction method; the network interaction system comprises a network interface, a network driver, a user mode network protocol stack and a first IO interface in a user state; and a second IO interface and a driver interface; and a kernel network protocol stack, a virtual network driver and a virtual character device driver in a kernel mode; and a shared memory. The network interaction method comprises the following steps: initializing; and receiving and transmitting a message when the message carries a general command executed by the user mode network protocol stack; receiving and transmitting the message when the message carries the general command executed by the kernel network protocol stack. According to the invention, the network driver in the user mode is jointed with the kernel network protocol stack so as to realize use of traditional network application programs driven by the user mode network driver and optimize performance of network communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to embedded system, particularly a kind of network interaction system and network interaction method based on embedded system.
Background technology
The trend of current computer System Development is reducing of volume, so just there is palm PC and the embedded system adapting to it.Embedded system is a kind of computer operating system, on it operates in as the computing machine of palm PC one class, often have the feature of real-time system, but embedded system is restricted at aspects such as volume, memory size and power supplys.This just requires operating system and application program effectively internally to deposit and to manage.Because embedded system is not generally used virtual storing technology, developer often only can do and adapt to exploitation limited physical memory.
The processor of prior art or processor core can move under two kinds of patterns, i.e. kernel state and user's state.In the time that embedded system enters kernel state by system call, processor is carried out kernel code.Complete some functions of embedded system.In the time that embedded system enters kernel state, the context of application program switches away processor or processing kernel from current execution, and the embedded system of prior art has adopted " context switching " to support the switching of kernel state and user's state.This context handover mechanism has brought the expense on many physical memories, especially for certain operations system intensive applications, if frequently carry out context switching, performance is had to larger impact, reduces the travelling speed of embedded system.
In order to overcome the problems referred to above aspect the network interaction of embedded system, current many embedded systems become network-driven and network protocol stack in user's state and realize from kernel state realization, general web application can by amendment its internal code with network enabled protocol stack, its based on network interaction system comprise:
Network interface;
The network-driven that is implemented in user's state, reads to network interface by message;
Be implemented in the network protocol stack of user's state, comprise multiple specific network protocol layers;
IO interface, is arranged for from web application receipt message and to web application pass-along message; Described message is the generic command carrying as being carried out by specific network protocols layer.
This network-driven and network protocol stack are realized in the embedded system of user's state and can have been reduced to a great extent the context switching between kernel state and user's state, shorten the bang path of data, and improved network interaction performance, the internal memory of embedded system has also obtained effective utilization.
But the network-driven of this kind of embedded system cannot be connected with core network protocol stack.Because some web applications (comprising network debugging acid) cannot be revised its internal code, thus only support kernel protocol stack, network-driven cannot be directly and these web applications carry out exchanges data.Therefore, this network-driven and network protocol stack are realized and can be caused subnetwork application program to use in the embedded system of user's state.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of network interaction system and network interaction method based on embedded system, can be connected with core network protocol stack user's state network-driven, realized and only supported the web application of core network protocol stack also can under user's state network-driven scene, use, the embedded system of the type has obtained pervasive.
A network interaction system based on embedded system, described embedded system can enter user's state and kernel state by system call, and described network interaction system comprises:
Network interface, network-driven, user mode network protocol stack and an IO interface in user's state; The 2nd IO interface and driving interface;
Core network protocol stack, virtual network in kernel mode drive and virtual character device drives; And,
Shared drive;
A described IO interface and the second interface are used for from web application receipt message and to web application pass-along message; Wherein, carry out mutual message by an IO interface and carry the generic command of being carried out by the specific network protocols layer of user mode network protocol stack, carry out mutual message by the 2nd IO interface and carry the generic command of being carried out by the specific network protocols layer of core network protocol stack;
Described user mode network protocol stack, processes the generic command for carrying out, and generates the particular command of being carried out by network-driven according to generic command;
Described core network protocol stack, processes the generic command for carrying out, and generates by virtual network and drives the particular command of carrying out according to generic command;
Virtual network drives, and carries out the particular command of core network protocol stack, access core network protocol stack and realize shared drive and core network protocol stack between interacting message;
Drive interface, access shared drive and realize network-driven and shared drive between interacting message; And,
Virtual character device drives, for providing the control interface of kernel state and described shared drive mapped to the address space of user's state to driving interface.
Introduce the preferred technical solution of the present invention below.
Particularly, the 2nd described IO interface is sockets interface.
Further, described shared drive is organized into cyclic buffer, and adopts the mode of nothing lock to read and write.
Further, described driving interface is by calling vn_put function and vn_get function reads the data in shared drive.
Further, the control interface of virtual character device drives comprises ioctl interface and mmap interface.
A network interaction method of utilizing network interaction system described above to realize, comprises the following steps:
(1) initialization to network interaction system, loads virtual network and drives and virtual character device drives, sets up shared drive;
(2) when described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by user mode network protocol stack, reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or an IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven and user mode network protocol stack are initiated to operation;
Send message or transmit message from web application to web application, and in network interface or an IO interface, be written into response in the time of complete operation; And,
Read described response;
(3) when described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by core network protocol stack, reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven, driving interface, shared drive, virtual network are driven and core network protocol stack initiation operation;
Send message or transmit message from web application to web application, and in network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into response in the time of complete operation; And,
Read described response.
In step (1), the described shared drive of setting up, comprises step:
(1.1) space of two sections of each 512 page sizes of application, calculates the frame number of each page, and these pages are set to retain page entirely;
(1.2) network-driven is by the virtual character device drives described in the control of driving interface, the address space by described two sections of spatial mappings to user's state.
Further, described shared drive comprises transmission buffer zone and reception buffer zone, in step (3),
Described sends message to web application, comprises step:
Whether network-driven is called and is driven the reception buffer zone of interface check shared drive full, if full packet loss is discontented by driving interface that message is sent to reception buffer zone; And,
Core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives poll reception buffer zone, is driven the message reading in reception buffer zone and is carried out interacting message with web application by virtual network;
Described transmits message from web application, comprises step:
Core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives and check that the transmission buffer zone of shared drive is whether full, if full packet loss is discontented drive the transmission buffer zone of message being put into shared drive by virtual network; And,
Network-driven is called and is driven interface poll to send buffer zone, sends the message in buffer zone and carries out interacting message with network interface by driving interface to read.
Further, described poll comprises step:
A, on shared drive, set up work queue;
B, polling tasks is put into work queue;
C, check that whether the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, if sky not reads message always; If the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, polling tasks is put into the times to be specified such as work queue.
For the message that network-driven is received passes to core network protocol stack (being the reception of message) or internet message bag that kernel Upper Level Network Protocol stack need to be sent passes to user's state network driver (being the transmission of message), first must there is the communication modes of a kind of kernel state and user's state.
Because traditional kernel state and user's state communication modes are system calls, system call meeting brings context frequently to switch continually, bring larger performance loss, in addition due to the difference of kernel state and user's state address space, mode pass-along message between binary states by system call must be carried out message copying, this can bring again performance loss, for fear of these performance losss, the mode that shared drive is set up in employing realizes the communication of kernel state and user's state, has greatly reduced the number of times of system call and the copy number of times of message.Meanwhile, in order to optimize shared drive, described shared drive can be organized as to a cyclic buffer, and adopt read and write without lock side formula, can avoid the expense that uses mutual exclusion lock to bring.But this read-write mode must check whether buffer zone is full or is sky by polling mode.
But general poll can cause cpu load overweight owing to detecting buffer zone always, causes very large performance loss.Therefore, the present invention is optimized in traditional polling mode, if holding to read to hold reading of buffer zone has message to transplant and read, until buffer empty, put into a work queue and wait by read operation, and restart read operation after the time interval of specifying, if at this moment buffer zone has new message to start to read message; If now buffer zone is empty again, again read operation is put into medium time to be specified of work queue, the cpu performance expense of so just having avoided lasting read operation to bring.
The communication realizing between kernel state and user's state need to link up message and Upper Level Network Protocol stack, drive the interacting message that can realize core network protocol stack and user's state network-driven by virtual network: virtual network drives and can write by network-driven model, realizes the transmitting-receiving of message.
Virtual character device drives has realized system control, comprise and set up shared drive, user's state network-driven can be controlled system by operating device file corresponding to this virtual character device drives, as ioctl and mmap, it is also that the mmap method driving by this character device realizes that the shared drive application of foundation distributes.
The present invention can realize core network function under network-driven, and the web application based on traditional socket can be carried out under user's state network-driven, ensures very high performance simultaneously; The present invention is connected the network interface of user's state with core network protocol stack, realized traditional network application program and also can under user's state network-driven, use, and optimized the performance of network communication.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of network interaction system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of network interaction method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is message sink schematic flow sheet in network interaction method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is message transmission flow schematic diagram in network interaction method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Introduce in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of network interaction system based on embedded system, as shown in Figure 1, comprise network interface, network-driven, an IO interface, the 2nd IO interface, driving interface and user mode network protocol stack in system user state, virtual character device drives, virtual network in system kernel state drive and core network protocol stack, shared drive.
Described user mode network protocol stack and core network protocol stack include multiple specific network protocol layers.
Because most web application (calling a class web application in the following text) is supported user mode network protocol stack, and be implemented in the directly calling party state network protocol stack of network-driven of user's state, therefore, described network interaction system can directly realize in user's state the network interaction process of web application in the network interaction of a class web application, particularly, network interaction system comprises:
The one IO interface, for from a class web application receipt message and to a class web application pass-along message; Described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by the specific network protocols layer of user mode network protocol stack;
User mode network protocol stack, processes the generic command for carrying out, and generates the particular command of being carried out by network-driven according to generic command;
Network-driven, carries out the particular command of user mode network protocol stack, calling party state network protocol stack and realize network interface and network protocol stack between interacting message.
In the web application of user's state, exist the web application (calling two class web applications in the following text) of part only to support core network protocol stack, and the network-driven that is implemented in user's state can not directly be accessed core network protocol stack, therefore, described network interaction system must realize at kernel state the network interaction process of web application in the network interaction of two class web applications.Particularly, network interaction system comprises:
The 2nd IO interface, for from two class web application receipt messages and to two class web application pass-along messages; Described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by the specific network protocols layer of core network protocol stack;
Core network protocol stack, processes the generic command for carrying out, and generates by virtual network and drives the particular command of carrying out according to generic command;
Virtual network drives, and carries out the particular command of core network protocol stack, access core network protocol stack and realize shared drive and core network protocol stack between interacting message;
Drive interface, access shared drive and realize network-driven and shared drive between interacting message; And,
Virtual character device drives, for providing the control interface of kernel state and described shared drive mapped to the address space of user's state to driving interface.
Described shared drive is made up of two internal memories, and one for as sending buffer zone, and another piece is for as reception buffer zone.Two block buffers are all organized into cyclic buffer, and adopt the mode of nothing lock to read and write, and can avoid like this expense that uses mutual exclusion lock to bring.Realize communicating by letter of kernel state and user's state in the mode of shared drive, can greatly reduce the number of times of system call and the copy number of times of data.
The 2nd described IO interface is sockets interface.In order to realize web application and core network protocol stack carries out interacting message, create a sockets interface, and sockets interface is set communication type (as TCP, UDP, broadcast etc.) is set.In the time that web application and core network protocol stack carry out interacting message, call the user such as send, recv state socket built-in function and carry out interacting message.
In the present embodiment, because the network-driven of user's state cannot be controlled the part of network interaction system kernel state, also cannot directly conduct interviews to shared drive, therefore first body series is provided with driving interface, can realize the read-write of network-driven to data in shared drive.
More specifically, due to the control that network-driven need reportedly be passed hierarchy number, drive interface specifically need be achieved as follows function:
1, the method for operation shared drive is provided for network-driven, comprise by this driving interface and carry out vn_put function and vn_get function, wherein, vn_put function has been realized the function that data is write to reception buffer zone, and vn_get function has been realized the function that data are read from sending buffer zone;
2, system initialization,, in the time that network-driven is moved, loads the program of virtual network driving and virtual character device drives in kernel state; Comprise by this driving interface and carry out vn_init function, wherein, vn_init function has been realized the initialization of system, configuration shared drive in the mac address of user's space, map to the address of user's state by shared drive, and send and start to receive and dispatch command word.
3, the interior details of encapsulation shielding shared drive.
Owing to driving interface cannot directly call the file in kernel state, to drive the above-mentioned functions of interface and further improve above-mentioned functions in order to realize, body series is also provided with virtual character device drives in kernel state.
Virtual character device drives is for providing the control interface of kernel state and described shared drive is mapped to the address space of user's state to driving interface; By driving interface and virtual character device drives, the network-driven that is implemented in user's state can be read and write specific operation and can in kernel state, trigger function performance shown in execution table 1 corresponding file in kernel state.
Table 1 function and execution function thereof
| Function name | Function |
| vn_cdev_open(open) | Assignment private data pointer |
| vn_cdev_exit(release) | Nothing |
| vn_cdev_ioctl(ioctl) | Ioctl function is provided |
| vn_cdev_mmap(mmap) | Memory-mapped function is provided |
Wherein, to the control interface that drives interface to provide, comprise ioctl interface and mmap interface, realize respectively calling of vn_cdev_ioctl function and calling of vn_cdev_mmap function; The function realizing is as follows:
One, vn_cdev_ioctl function, has realized 3 control command words, that is: herein
VN_IOC_START: start data transmit-receive;
VN_IOC_STOP: suspend data transmit-receive; And,
VN_IOC_MAPDIR: the memory block of selecting mmap function to specify.
Two, mmap function, the memory headroom of applying for while calling remap_pfn_range function by initialization is before mapped in the address space of user's state, thereby realizes shared drive.
Virtual network drives main being responsible for that core network agreement and shared drive are linked up, carry out the particular command of core network protocol stack, access core network protocol stack and realize shared drive and core network protocol stack between interacting message, make network-driven can indirectly access core network protocol stack, realize a virtual network interface.Can this virtual network be driven and is configured by user's state network configuration tool ifconfig, vconfig etc., this virtual drive be write according to legacy network devices model, and specific implementation function is as shown in table 2.
What table 2 virtual network drove realizes function
A network interaction method of having utilized above-mentioned network interaction system, has realized the message interaction process between web application and network, as shown in Figure 2, comprises the reception of message and the transmission of message, comprises the following steps:
(1) initialization to network interaction system, loads virtual network and drives and virtual character device drives, sets up shared drive;
(2) when described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by user mode network protocol stack, reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or an IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven and user mode network protocol stack are initiated to operation;
Send message or transmit message from web application to web application, and in network interface or an IO interface, be written into response in the time of complete operation; And,
Read described response;
(3) when described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by core network protocol stack, reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven, driving interface, shared drive, virtual network are driven and core network protocol stack initiation operation;
Send message or transmit message from web application to web application, and in network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into response in the time of complete operation; And,
Read described response.
Further, in step (1), the described shared drive of setting up, comprises step:
(1.1) space of two sections of each 512 page sizes of application, calculates the frame number of each page, and these pages are set to retain page entirely;
(1.2) network-driven is by the virtual character device drives described in the control of driving interface, the address space by described two sections of spatial mappings to user's state.
More specifically, the foundation of shared drive is that the process of Memory Allocation further comprises:
To the initialization of network interaction system, call the space of two sections of each 512 page sizes of get_free_pages application, respectively rx_buff by name and tx_buff;
Call the frame number that virt_to_page calculates each page, each page is called to SetPageReserved, these pages are set to retain page entirely;
Network-driven, by driving interface interchange map function, has been called the mmap function that virtual character device drives provides then, the address space by these two sections of memory-mapped to user's state.
Further, described shared drive comprises transmission buffer zone and reception buffer zone, in step (3),
Described sends message to web application, comprises step:
Whether network-driven is called and is driven the reception buffer zone of interface check shared drive full, if full packet loss is discontented by driving interface that message is sent to reception buffer zone; And,
Core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives poll reception buffer zone, is driven the message reading in reception buffer zone and is carried out interacting message with web application by virtual network;
Described transmits message from web application, comprises step:
Core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives and check that the transmission buffer zone of shared drive is whether full, if full packet loss is discontented drive the transmission buffer zone of message being put into shared drive by virtual network; And,
Network-driven is called and is driven interface poll to send buffer zone, sends the message in buffer zone and carries out interacting message with network interface by driving interface to read.
Described message is and specifies MAC Address or broadcast packet (packet) in general sense at the present embodiment;
Send message to web application, be the reception of message, adopt the polling mode through optimizing, when there being data in reception buffer zone, virtual network drives constantly takes out data from reception buffer zone, submit to core network protocol stack, in the time that reception buffer zone is empty, reception routine is put into waiting list, after waiting for the fixed time, restart reception routine, specifically can be as shown in Figure 3, in the data receiver flow process described in Fig. 3, the fixed time of wait is 4ms.
Transmit message from web application, i.e. the transmission of message, further comprises: in the time that core network protocol stack need to send data, call vn_ndev_tx, this function will check that whether send buffer zone full, discontented data are copied in buffer zone, expire and abandon this packet; There are data when sending in buffer zone, user's state network-driven is constantly taken out data and is sent from send buffer zone, in the time that reception buffer zone is empty, transmission routine is put into waiting list, after waiting for the fixed time, restart transmission routine, specifically can be as shown in Figure 4, in the data transmission flow described in Fig. 4, the fixed time of wait is 1ms.
Further, the realization of poll, by polling tasks is put in work queue and realized, comprises step:
A, on shared drive, set up work queue;
B, polling tasks is put into work queue;
C, check that whether the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, if sky not reads message always; If the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, polling tasks is put into the times to be specified such as work queue.
Specific implementation is as follows:
First, polling tasks is put into work queue;
Call create_singlethread_workqueue and set up a work queue wq, create a task poll_work, by INIT_WORK function, this task and poll function vn_ndev_poll are bound; Finally, by call queue_delayed_work by this job invocation to work queue wq, this task will specify jiffies after execution.
Secondly, check whether reception buffer zone has packet, if had, read data bag always, until reception buffer zone sky, and polling tasks is put into work queue and wait; If reception buffer zone is empty, polling tasks is put into the times to be specified such as work queue.
In poll function vn_ndev_poll, first this function checks that whether reception buffer zone is empty, does not receive packet for sky calls vn_ndev_do_poll, then calls queue_delayed_work self task poll_work is submitted to work queue.Poll function just can constantly be performed by certain time interval like this, has so also just realized poll.
Claims (2)
1. the network interaction method that the network interaction system based on embedded system realizes, described embedded system can enter user's state and kernel mode by system call, it is characterized in that,
The described network interaction system based on embedded system comprises:
Network interface, network-driven, user mode network protocol stack and an IO interface in user's state; The 2nd IO interface and driving interface;
Core network protocol stack, virtual network in kernel mode drive and virtual character device drives; And,
Shared drive;
A described IO interface and the second interface are used for from web application receipt message and to web application pass-along message; Wherein, carry out mutual message by an IO interface and carry the generic command of being carried out by the specific network protocols layer of user mode network protocol stack, carry out mutual message by the 2nd IO interface and carry the generic command of being carried out by the specific network protocols layer of core network protocol stack;
Described user mode network protocol stack, processes the generic command for carrying out, and generates the particular command of being carried out by network-driven according to generic command;
Described core network protocol stack, processes the generic command for carrying out, and generates by virtual network and drives the particular command of carrying out according to generic command;
Virtual network drives, and carries out the particular command of core network protocol stack, access core network protocol stack and realize shared drive and core network protocol stack between interacting message;
Drive interface, access shared drive and realize network-driven and shared drive between interacting message; And,
Virtual character device drives, for providing the control interface of kernel mode and described shared drive mapped to the address space of user's state to driving interface;
Described shared drive is organized into cyclic buffer, and adopts the mode of nothing lock to read and write;
Described network interaction method comprises the following steps:
(1) initialization to network interaction system, loads virtual network and drives and virtual character device drives, sets up shared drive;
(2) when described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by user mode network protocol stack, reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or an IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven and user mode network protocol stack are initiated to operation;
Send message or transmit message from web application to web application, and in network interface or an IO interface, be written into response in the time of complete operation; And,
Read described response;
(3) when described message is carried the generic command of being carried out by core network protocol stack, reception or the transmission of message comprise step:
In network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into message;
Read described message;
Based on described message, network-driven, driving interface, shared drive, virtual network are driven and core network protocol stack initiation operation;
Send message or transmit message from web application to web application, and in network interface or the 2nd IO interface, be written into response in the time of complete operation; And,
Read described response;
In step (1), the described shared drive of setting up, comprises step:
(1.1) space of two sections of each 512 page sizes of application, calculates the frame number of each page, and these pages are set to retain page entirely;
(1.2) network-driven is by the virtual character device drives described in the control of driving interface, the address space by described two sections of spatial mappings to user's state;
Described shared drive comprises transmission buffer zone and reception buffer zone, in step (3),
Described sends message to web application, comprises step:
Whether network-driven is called and is driven the reception buffer zone of interface check shared drive full, if full packet loss is discontented by driving interface that message is sent to reception buffer zone; And,
Core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives poll reception buffer zone, is driven the message reading in reception buffer zone and is carried out interacting message with web application by virtual network;
Described transmits message from web application, comprises step:
Core network protocol stack calls virtual network and drives and check that the transmission buffer zone of shared drive is whether full, if full packet loss is discontented drive the transmission buffer zone of message being put into shared drive by virtual network; And,
Network-driven is called and is driven interface poll to send buffer zone, sends the message in buffer zone and carries out interacting message with network interface by driving interface to read.
2. network interaction method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described poll comprises step:
A, on shared drive, set up work queue;
B, polling tasks is put into work queue;
C, check that whether the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, if sky not reads message always; If the buffer zone of shared drive is empty, polling tasks is put into the times to be specified such as work queue.
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