CN102659222B - 耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法，包括以下步骤：1）称取以下质量百分比原料：氧化铬10％、二氧化钛20％、二氧化锡50％、锡粉10％、氧化镁10％，放入容器混合；2）在每100g步骤1）得到的混合物中加入0.3-0.5g硝酸盐；混合后加入无水酒精搅拌均匀；3）将步骤2)得到的混合物制成小球；4）将小球压成薄片并对其干燥；5）将干燥后的薄片焙烧1小时并研磨成粉末；6）量取相当于粉末体积的45％-50％的水，加入粉末中，均匀搅拌成浆；7）在电极基质表面涂覆步骤5）所得的浆液并烘干；8）将烘干后的坯件烧制2.5小时，使电极基质表面形成导电釉层；9）冷却后，制作完成。本发明的有益效果为：制作方便，价格低廉且原料来源广泛。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法。
背景技术
随着工业的飞速发展，排入环境的污水量也日益增加，同时也使得水资源的污染日趋严重，更为值得注意的是污水的成分越来越复杂。目前现有的污水普遍具有毒性高、浓度大且难生物降解的特点，治理难度很大。传统的水处理技术对这些污水的处理结构，很难达到人们满意的效果。因此如何有效地处理这些污水就成为国内外环保领域和工业界关注的热点。
在国内外近年的研究中，用电化学高级氧化技术处理难降解有机污水，已逐渐被人们所重视。这种技术是利用在电极反应过程中直接或间接产生的羟基自由基来分解难降解生化污染物。这种技术虽取得了不错的效果，但在实际运用时也有不足之处。例如：在电化学反应中，普通电极（如铜、钛等）经常会因酸碱腐蚀、电解等原因遭到损毁，所以电极就必须选择惰性电极，如：石墨、铂、铱和铑等。而这些惰性电极中在实际运用中也存在诸多不理想之处，如：石墨虽然便宜、易得，但不耐用，石墨放进去后一通电就会脱落、溶解，而铂、铱和铑虽耐用且化学性质稳定，但价格昂贵，使得一般的工厂无法承担。
综合上述，合适的惰性电极对电化学治理污水的发展有着至关重要的作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法，以克服目前现有工艺上述的不足。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法，其包括以下步骤：
1）称取以下质量百分含量的原料：氧化铬10％、二氧化钛20％、二氧化锡50％、锡粉10％、氧化镁10％，放入容器混合；
2）在每100g步骤1）得到的混合物中加入0.3-0.5g硝酸盐；混合后加入150-160ml无水酒精搅拌均匀；
3）通过成粒机将步骤2)得到的混合物制成直径为5-15mm的实心小球；
4）将步骤3）得到的实心小球压成厚度为0.4-0.8mm薄片，并利用烘床对其干燥，使酒精挥发，；
5）将干燥后的薄片放入1150℃的瓷窑、坩埚窑或回转炉中焙烧1小时，取出后利用球磨机将其研磨成粉末；
6）量取相当于粉末体积的45％-50％体积的水，加入粉末中，均匀搅拌成浆；
7）在电极基质表面上涂覆步骤5）所得的浆液，电极基质可以是多种材质，如铜、不锈钢、石墨等，电极基质表面保持清洁，涂层厚度为0.1-10μm，涂覆完成后放在烘床上烘干；
8）将烘干后的坯件放置于820-860℃的箱式炉、转盘炉或隧道炉中烧制2.5小时，使电极基质表面形成导电釉层；
9）将表面形成有导电釉层的电极基质冷却后，耐腐蚀复合电解电极制作完成。
本发明使用的物质纯度均为分析纯。
本发明的有益效果为：原料来源广泛、价格低廉，制作工艺方便、成熟，涂层电阻率稳定，且电极表面具有足够的电流密度，满足工程需要的导电属性；同时，由于采用导电陶瓷釉涂覆与电极基质表面，使得本发明电极既不会发生金属表面原子被交换产生的电化学腐蚀的现象，也不会因为酸碱而发生化学腐蚀的现象。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例所述的一种耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
1）称取以下质量（kg）的原料：氧化铬10、二氧化钛20、二氧化锡50、锡粉10、氧化镁10，放入容器混合；
2）在每100kg步骤1）得到的混合物中加入0.3-0.5kg硝酸钠或硝酸钾，混合后加入150-160ml无水酒精搅拌均匀；
3）通过成粒机将步骤2)得到的混合物制成直径为5mm的实心小球；
4）将步骤3）得到的实心小球压成厚度为0.4-0.8mm薄片，并利用烘床对其干燥，使酒精挥发，；
5）将干燥后的薄片放入1150℃的瓷窑、坩埚窑或回转炉中焙烧1小时，取出后利用球磨机将其研磨成粉末；
6）量取相当于步骤5）获得的所述粉末的体积的45％-50％体积的水，加入粉末中，均匀搅拌成浆；
7）在电极基质表面上涂覆步骤5）所得的浆液，电极基质可以是多种材质，如铜、不锈钢、石墨等，电极基质表面保持清洁，涂层厚度为0.1-10μm，涂覆完成后放在烘床上烘干；
8）将烘干后的坯件放置于820-860℃的箱式炉、转盘炉或隧道炉中烧制2.5小时，使电极基质表面形成导电釉层；
9）将表面形成有导电釉层的电极基质冷却后，耐腐蚀复合电解电极制作完成。
应用实例1
浙江某医药公司是以生产化学原料药为主，同时兼顾其他高端精细化工原料生产的制造型企业。该公司生产过程中产生的废水是一种有机物浓度高、可生化性差的废水，其中COD高达8000-10000mg/L，BOD仅为700mg/L，可生化性差，处理难度非常大，原生化工艺根本无法达到治理标准，增加催化氧化工艺效果依然不明显，而且费用较高；原计划增加电化学氧化处理工艺，受电极消耗影响，一直未实施。
2010年初，本发明成功的运用在电化学氧化污水处理工艺上，当时进水COD为8750mg/L，BOD为630mg/L，处理后COD为6220mg/L，BOD为4150mg/L，从而解决了该公司废水可生化性差的难点，出水达标排放，电极运行至今，无任何腐蚀点。
应用实例二
山东临沭某精细化工厂，已有一套完善的污水处理系统，由于新产品的生产，每天增加1.5~2吨废水，虽然这股废水水量小，但是其COD为23700多mg/L，进入原污水处理系统后会抑制细菌活性，使得原系统无法正常工作。
该化工厂引进电化学氧化处理工艺后，使用本发明电极，处理后，COD不足4000mg/L，并且消除了对细菌的抑制作用，可进入原污水处理系统。处理成本低，操作方便，无需更换电极。
本发明不局限于上述最佳实施方式，任何人在本发明的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品，但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化，凡是具有与本申请相同或相近似的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1）称取以下质量百分比的原料放入容器中混合：氧化铬10％、二氧化钛20％、二氧化锡50％、锡粉10％以及氧化镁10％；
2）在每100g步骤1）得到的混合物中加入0.3-0.5g硝酸盐，混合后加入150-160mL无水酒精，搅拌均匀；
3）将步骤2)得到的混合物制成直径为5-15mm的实心小球；
4）将步骤3）得到的实心小球压成薄片，并对薄片干燥，使酒精挥发；
5）将干燥后的薄片放入1150℃的瓷窑、坩埚窑或回转炉中焙烧1小时，取出后利用球磨机将其研磨成粉末；
6）量取相当于粉末体积的45％-50％体积的水，加入粉末中，均匀搅拌成浆；
7）在电极基质表面上涂覆步骤6）所得的浆液，涂覆完成后放在烘床上烘干；
8）将烘干后的坯件放置于820-860℃的箱式炉、转盘炉或隧道炉中烧制2.5小时，使电极基质表面形成导电釉层；
9）将表面形成有导电釉层的电极基质冷却后，耐腐蚀复合电解电极制作完成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法，其特征在于：在步骤4）中，所述薄片的厚度为0.4-0.8mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐腐蚀复合电解电极的制作方法，其特征在于：在步骤7）中，所述浆液涂层厚度为0.1-10μm，所述电极基质是铜、不锈钢或石墨。
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| CN101857288A (zh) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-13 | 南京理工大学 | 钛基二氧化钛纳米管二氧化锡电极的制备方法 |
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| CN101323954A (zh) * | 2008-07-03 | 2008-12-17 | 东华大学 | 钼电极表面玻璃基防氧化涂层的制备方法 |
| CN101407925A (zh) * | 2008-11-06 | 2009-04-15 | 郭超 | 一种碳纳米管增强的复合型金属氧化物电极材料及其制备方法 |
| CN101805127A (zh) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-08-18 | 苏州长风有限责任公司 | 一种高温封结用瓷釉的配制配方及方法 |
| CN101857288A (zh) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-10-13 | 南京理工大学 | 钛基二氧化钛纳米管二氧化锡电极的制备方法 |
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