CN102656781B - 风能发电机的磁极转子 - Google Patents

风能发电机的磁极转子 Download PDF

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CN102656781B
CN102656781B CN200980155254.8A CN200980155254A CN102656781B CN 102656781 B CN102656781 B CN 102656781B CN 200980155254 A CN200980155254 A CN 200980155254A CN 102656781 B CN102656781 B CN 102656781B
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pole wheel
switch
wheel cover
switch enclosure
wind
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CN102656781A (zh
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德特勒夫·兰格
迪特·鲁普里奇
克劳斯·博登斯泰恩
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WEIHAI YINHE CHANGZHENG WIND POWER EQUIPMENT CO., LTD.
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Weihai Yinhe Changzheng Wind Power Equipment Co Ltd
GUANGXI GALAXY WIND POWER GENERATION CO Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786Outer rotors
    • H02K1/2787Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/2789Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2791Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06Rotors
    • F03D1/065Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D1/0675Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/20Gearless transmission, i.e. direct-drive
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786Outer rotors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • H02K7/1838Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00Application
    • F05B2220/70Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7066Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00Application
    • F05B2220/70Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7068Application in combination with an electrical generator equipped with permanent magnets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00Components
    • F05B2240/90Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/912Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05BINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00Function
    • F05B2260/70Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/79Bearing, support or actuation arrangements therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728Onshore wind turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明旨在简单和快速地将开关盒安装到风力或风能设备的旋转部分,即将开关盒装入具有磁轮的风力发电机组的转子,转子装配在磁轮罩内(1,9),而磁轮转子在定子内或围绕定子旋转。所述目的通过在磁轮转子罩内或磁轮罩上形成接收表面或接收空间(8)来实现。在接收表面和/或接收空间上面和/或内部,开关能够同步旋转,开关装置包括电控制元件和/或开关元件,它们能够执行开关动作,产生和/或阻断导电连接。

Description

风能发电机的磁极转子
技术领域
本发明涉及一种风力或者风能设备发电机的转子,尤其是带有一个在定子内或围绕定子旋转的具有磁极转子罩的磁极转子。
背景技术
风力或风能发电机展示了在塔旁围绕一个旋转轴旋转的部件,例如旁边固定叶片的风力转子轮毂,或者在机房边和机房内部排列的发电机的转子。在这个旋转的部件上也会部分的配备电控制元件或者开关元件的钢盒。这个钢盒控制无传动结构的风能设备的电气装置。所以叶片调节系统或称变桨系统位于风力转子轮毂内,围绕着发电机,发电机通过机械的组件来控制风力转子轮毂固定的叶片。为了控制发电机,每个都安置了一个开关盒。发电机和开关盒固定在旋转的轮毂上,围绕风力转子轮毂的旋转轴进行旋转。开关盒是很平常的盒子,形状是一个长方体,由于空间的原因,开关盒较窄的一面和旋转轴平行。通常情况下,电控制元件和/或开关元件及零配件安置在一个安装板上,然后把这个安装板放置在每一个开关盒中。这样的安装板放置在开关盒宽面的底板上。在这种情况下电子元件或者零件,例如保护装置,按规定要安置在安装板上,使它的平面往复运动能够垂直于安装板的平面进行,在前面描述的开关盒中内嵌的安装板,方向从开关盒的前面到后面,也就是说,移动方向是在开关盒的两个宽面之间进行的。如果这种样式的开关盒用它的窄面来平行于轮毂或者电动机的旋转轴,那会导致这样的情况发生:在旋转时,执行开关动作的电子零件,比如说保护装置,受到地球引力的影响是不同的。在旋转轴上方和下方的位置,地球引力顺方向或者反方向作用于每个控制元件或者开关元件的开关动作的方向。在风力转子轮毂的旋转轴的侧方,地球引力垂直作用于开关动作的方向。在上下方位置,地球引力对开关动作的影响很显著,在两个侧方位置地球引力对开关动作没有影响。由于开关盒的位置不同,每一个开关或者控制元件因为地球引力的作用所受到的影响是不同的,所以开关在转换期间受到的影响也是不同的。这导致了在不同的开关盒里,控制元件或者开关元件的负重不均匀,致使它们的磨损程度和寿命不相同。为了消除地球引力对控制或者开关元件的影响,必须要这样来放置:就是开关运动的方向总是和旋转轴平行。为了避免这个问题,开关盒应该这样布置:开关盒的窄面平行于旋转轴,同时控制或者开关元件固定在开关盒窄面的侧壁上,这样就能实现开关运动平行于旋转纵轴。但是这样的话安装要更费事,因为开关盒窄面的空间肯定要比宽面的空间小。另外如果这样,控制或者开关元件就不能固定在安装板上,必须安装附加的电线,来连接从钢盒宽面底板的安装板到钢盒窄面侧壁的控制或者开关元件,特别是保护装置。关于开关盒在旋转的组件上其它地点的定位,比如说在风力转子轮毂上,基于目前的技术,还没有足够的空间能做到。
发明内容
本发明基于这样的任务:对风力设备旋转配件的开关盒提供了一个简化安装的解决方案,减少安装费用。后续设计证实了带有多极同步发动机的无传动结构的风能设备,在原则上需要相对长一些的轴向尺寸,因此必须在风力或风能设备的塔旁构建符合相应尺寸的机器罩。一个这样的风轮和围绕着部件的发电机可以在支撑塔的顶部偏离垂直轴安装。发电机的外转子,通过轴向延长部分,即从延长部分到内部径向对准的连接片或者法兰,和轮毂连接,与发电机的定子连接轴固定。
本发明基于这样的任务:对风力设备旋转配件的开关盒提供了一个简化安装的解决方案,减少安装费用,并且可以减少支撑塔内的风能发电机旋转部件的数量和重量。
本发明可以解决入口处转子的方式,风力或风能发电机风转子的叶片及对应变桨系统的电控制元件和/开关元件,或者说开关盒,可安置在磁极转子罩的上面或旁边。
通过本发明,提供布置开关盒的解决方案,特别是无驱动机构的风力或风能设备发电机转子的开关盒。通过该方案,从风力设备的旋转零件到开关盒的布置都可以获得更多的排列空间。依照设计,使无传动结构的风力或者风能设备成为现实,转子或者磁极转子携带着布置在其内部或旁边的变桨系统的开关盒,它归属于相应的风轮叶片,以此设计发电机的转子,同时可作为叶片携带的风转子。用这种方式,无传动机构的风能或风力设备的结构长度明显减少。很有可能,风轮距离支撑塔很远,使留在叶片上的磁极转子罩,独自构建风轮的轮毂,在转子旋转轴方向不能像外部建造的发动机那样远并且在支撑塔旁凸出。
本发明的设计还有这样的可能,就是风轮的叶片固定在磁极转子罩的轴向延长部分上面或旁边。转子或者发电机的磁极转子罩通过轴向延长部分,在其上面叶片也能固定,存放在管状或者圆柱状的定子上,可以减少大量的原料和重量。特别有利的是,本发明可以排列电子组件,这些电子组件负责叶片的调节,包括开关盒。因为开关盒和风力设备的叶片,随着风力转子轮毂和转子或者磁极转子进行有规律的旋转,它的相对位置固定在每个分配好的叶片上。因此本发明中,开关盒和电控制元件和/或开关元件,是风力或风能设备的叶片调节系统(变桨机构)的组成部分。
本发明一个特别有利的设计在于,转子被设计成固定在内部的定子,被外转子围绕。
在这种情况下,转子的背面和磁极转子罩的背面是很好的表面,可以设计成为接收面或者接收室,用于开关盒的接收。
本发明还提供了在磁极转子罩旁安装开关盒的设计,在磁极转子罩的内部或旁边设计接收面或者接收室,在它的旁边或内部放置开关盒,开关盒内部固定电控制元件和/或开关元件,这些元件通过开关运动来产生和/或阻断导电连接,而且执行开关的部件随着一起旋转。
本发明阐述了一个很好的可行性来提供必要的空间,在已经避开定子的转子和磁极转子罩的背面来构建接收面或者接收室,用于接收。对于现今大尺寸的风力设备转子和发电机,利用转子或者磁极转子的背面,特别是它们作为外转子的时候,可以提供空间和位置来安置开关盒。接收室设计成供使用的空腔,可以从磁极转子罩背面的磁极转子外表面来构建,或者从磁极转子罩背面的磁极转子内侧来构建。
改善空间的比例也是可行的,不过开关盒至少是长方体的样式,并且开关盒比较大的侧面,也就是宽面至少要平行于磁极转子罩的旋转轴,它的纵向垂直于磁极转子罩的旋转轴。这是本发明提供给后续设计的方案。
在上述情况下,宽面平行于旋转轴,人工在风力设备塔上的舱室或者机房内很容易进行,因为钢盒在放置的时候,它的宽面也是舱室或机器房的轴向。这就有可能调整安装板,来符合较宽的侧面的尺寸要求,然后固定好的电控制元件和/或开关元件就一起随着安装板放置在开关盒里。结果就是在目前技术标准中必须要附加的缆线将不必安装。
如果接收面和/或接收室的尺寸这样来计算,将会更适宜:至少能带有一套电控制元件和/或者开关元件,最好设计成开关盒的宽面,尤其垂直于磁极转子罩的旋转轴,位于安装板或者安置在开关盒背面,这也是本发明提供的。类似于空腔的接收室,在此条件下即开关盒的形状,须保证安装板能安装进去,还要能锁住空腔的开关盒背面。有一点是可能的,就是安装板同时设计成开关盒背面。这样的话就减少了开关盒的安装和生产浪费。因为五个面的开关盒已经在磁极转子罩里作为长方形的接收室,在一个五面封闭的空腔内构建。
为了能够让电控制元件和/或开关元件,在旋转期间调节角度以消除地球引力的影响,本发明有如下设计,电控制元件和/或开关元件每次执行切换方向时,产生和/或阻断导电连接,尤其要注意平动组件在开关盒内的安装,组件的开关动作方向至少要与磁极转子罩的旋转轴平行。
这样有一个特别的优点:当执行开关运动的零件,执行开关动作的组件,即控制元件和/或开关元件及开关动作方向至少与各自开关盒较大的侧面垂直,这是本发明所提供的。
本发明设计一个很特别的优点是,电气控制装置和/或开关元件是保护装置,这也是本发明预见的。直接保护装置通过本发明的布置可以很好的装配,在旋转期间它的位置可以不受地球引力的影响。
本发明可以使发电机的转子作为外转子来构建,当发电机的转子被设计成外转子时,转子或者磁极转子的磁性组件引导定子的缠绕。这样在转子和定子之间就构成了相对很小的,但是很稳定的气隙。这个对于在定子和转子之间无接触的电能传输特别有利。本发明指出,转子的能量传输介质,即从定子流出和流向定子的电能以无接触的方式传输,与定子的能量传输介质共同作用,能量传输介质在后续的设计中提供必要的电能,尤其是给变桨系统提供必要的电能。能量传输介质包括至少包括一台整流器,用于将转子上正在传输的或者已经传输的电能转换为直流电。这样就有可能,在开关盒和调节叶片的发电机之间传输电能的时候,电能相对的没有损失。电能的传输也没有损耗,因为没有传输介质,例如集电环等。例如,通过打开整流器可以预测对转子叶片角度的调节,既可以对单个叶片进行调节,也可以对全部叶片进行调节,尤其是在已经固定好发电机的磁极转子罩上,还有开关盒,通过必要的电能比如以直流电的形式,能量以无接触的方式从不旋转的定子到旋转的转子来传输。
将开关盒安装在磁极转子罩的这项发明中,电控制元件和/或开关元件在旋转时暴露在一个均匀的磁场中,当磁极转子罩带有永久磁铁时更是这样。最后,这项发明还能提供这样一种设计,开关盒及安置在内部的电气控制或开关元件在产生的电场中有规律的转动,在恒定的磁场中,与磁场没有相对运动。
附图说明
本发明通过后面的图示做进一步的说明:
图1:磁极转子罩的内部结构示意图;
图2:磁极转子罩的外部结构示意图。
具体实施方式
图1所示为一种磁极转子罩(1),内表面放置磁轮(2)。在磁轮(2)上安置了大量的,并排的,单个的永久磁铁(3),永久磁铁内侧固定在一个闭合圈背面(4)上。在磁极转子罩(1)的一侧是内侧圆形的,磁极转子(1)横截面,从开孔(5)和旋转轴开口中心(6)穿通磁极转子罩的背面(7),设计和放置壁状的元件。在磁极转子罩的背面(7)是三个长方体形状的吸收室(8),吸收室(8)被设计成5个面都是封闭的空腔。吸收室(8)的尺寸应满足,能够放下开关盒及放置在开关盒内的电控制元件和/或开关元件,能够执行开关动作,产生和/或阻断导电连接,甚至闭合后吸收室(8)开放的侧面可以构建成磁极转子罩(1)的内侧。所以以下的设计是有可能的,将带有电控制元件和/或开关控制元件的安装板放置在这样的空腔内,闭合开放的宽面,通过空腔构建开关盒。电控制元件和/或开关控制元件与图中未显示的保护装置有关,是风力或者风能设备变桨系统的部件。接收室(8)定位于磁极转子罩(1)旋转轴开口(6),接收室(8)宽的侧表面平行于磁极转子罩(1)的旋转轴,并且它的纵轴垂直于磁极转子罩(1)的旋转轴。在这样的情况下,电控制元件和/或开关控制元件(未在图中显示)可以安置在接收室(8)中,至少可以在平面上来回运动以及和旋转轴平行。这时电控制元件和/或开关控制元件的开关运动方向垂直于宽表面。
图2所示的磁极转子罩(9)本质上和磁极转子罩(1)的构造很相近,在这里用相同的外观表示相同的元素。唯一的区别是,在磁极转子罩(9)里的接收室(8)的侧表面对外部是开放的,从磁极转子罩(9)的外部可以把安装板安装进去;而磁极转子罩(1)里的接收室(8)要从相反的方向进行。
图中未显示出来的,磁极转子罩(1,9)的径向外表面,可以安置在风力或风能发电设备转子的叶片上面或旁边。这样使磁极转子罩既可以构建发电机的转子,也可以构建风力设备的风轮。为了固定叶片,可以在磁极转子罩(1,9)的外表面焊接或安装有法兰的接管。还有一种可能性,就是磁极转子罩(1,9)外表面的轴向延长,其上固定叶片。因为叶片带有调节系统,是可以调节的,在磁极转子罩(1,9)的内部或旁边可以为了这样的叶片调节系统安置控制和/或开关元件,或者说开关盒,还有叶片调节系统驱动的电动机。还有一种可能,同样未在图中显示,发电机的运行和控制与开关元件的运行所需要的电能,以不接触的方式,从定子向电动机转子的磁极转子罩(1,9)传输。因此,能量传输物质既安置在定子旁也安置在转子旁,固定排列好,一起发挥作用。能量传输物质能包括整流器,可将转子上的正传输或已传输的电能转化成直流电。

Claims (8)

1.一种风能发电机的磁极转子,围绕定子旋转,磁极转子配有磁极转子罩(1,9),其特征在于:所述磁极转子罩是内部设置永磁体部分的罩体;
风能发电机的叶片及已经安置好电控制元件和/或开关元件的开关盒,固定在磁极转子罩的上面或旁边;
在磁极转子罩的背面构建接收面或接收室,在接收面或接收室旁边或内部放置所述开关盒;
所述电控制元件和/或开关元件的开关动作方向至少要与磁极转子罩的旋转轴平行。
2.如权利要求1中所述的磁极转子,其特征在于:
叶片被安置在磁极转子罩的轴向延长部分上。
3.如权利要求1中所述的磁极转子,其特征在于:
开关盒至少是一个长方体,开关盒较大的侧面至少要平行于磁极转子罩(1,9)的旋转轴,开关盒的纵向要垂直于磁极转子罩(1,9)的旋转轴。
4.如上述权利要求3中所述的磁极转子,其特征在于:
接收面或接收室(8)至少安装一套电控制元件和/或开关元件。
5.如上述权利要求1中所述的磁极转子,其特征在于:
电控制元件和/或开关元件是保护装置。
6.如上述权利要求1中所述的磁极转子,其特征在于:
磁极转子的能量传输介质以无接触的传输方式与定子的能量传输介质共同作用。
7.如上述权利要求1中所述的磁极转子,其特征在于:
电控制元件和/或开关元件在旋转时暴露在均匀的磁场中。
8.如上述权利要求7中所述的磁极转子,其特征在于:
内部安置了电控制元件和/或开关元件的开关盒随着产生的电场有规律的转动,并且与恒定的磁场没有相对运动。
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