CN102643121A - Aerobic composting process by using waste fresh tobacco leaves as main raw material - Google Patents
Aerobic composting process by using waste fresh tobacco leaves as main raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102643121A CN102643121A CN2012101047398A CN201210104739A CN102643121A CN 102643121 A CN102643121 A CN 102643121A CN 2012101047398 A CN2012101047398 A CN 2012101047398A CN 201210104739 A CN201210104739 A CN 201210104739A CN 102643121 A CN102643121 A CN 102643121A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aerobic composting process by using waste fresh tobacco leaves as a main raw material, which comprises the following steps: collecting waste low-grade fresh tobacco leaves, cutting short to 5-10 cm, and standing for 2-3 days to lower the water content; mixing 70-80 wt% of fresh tobacco leaves, 15-25 wt% of humic soil and 5 wt% of urea or 5-10 wt% of diammonium phosphate to obtain a mixture; adding a decomposing inoculant which accounts for 0.1 wt% of the mixture into the mixture; and carrying out compost fermentation in an open decomposing tank under the following conditions: the carbon-nitrogen ratio is regulated to (25-30)/1, and the pH value is regulated to 7-8. The decomposing inoculant is a composite microbial inoculum containing 50% of bacteria, 15% of actinomycete and 35% of microzyme, the effective bacterial count is greater than or equal to 50 million/g, the water content is less than or equal to 35.0%, and the pH value is 5.5-8.5; and the compost is overturned every 2-3 days within 7 days after adding the decomposing inoculant, and overturned every 5 days afterwards, and the composting time is 3-4 weeks. Inapplicable tobacco leaves in the field are decomposed on the spot, high temperature generated by aerobic composting is effectively utilized to inactivate various pathogenic bacteria carried by the inapplicable tobacco leaves, and the decomposed tobacco leaves are subjected to further processing to obtain the high-quality organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The low grade fresh tobacco leaf of the depleted that is not suitable for follow-up production of cigarettes that the present invention relates to the field is picked carries out the method and technology field that aerobic compost is handled.
Background technology
State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau's handle " level on the cigarette " conduct is the basic principle and the strategic task of an industry job in period at present and in the future.And " level on the raw material guarantee " is to realize the important foundation of " level on the cigarette ".Level on the raw material guarantee, the crucial supportability that just is to strengthen raw material, control scale, adjustment structure prevent that the inferior grade tobacco leaf from getting into tobacco company and normally purchasing channel and follow-up production of cigarettes, improve the quality and the class of cigarette.
Only the newly-increased discarded fresh tobacco leaf amount in annual field, the Yunnan Province of China just is about 840,000 tons at present; The inferior grade tobacco leaf that how effectively to prevent these inapplicable production of cigarettes becomes scattered about vega; Bringing follow-up tobacco leaf planting and the production of pathogenic bacteria influence into, also is the big problem that existing tobacco leaf picking mode changes needs solution.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the problem that prior art exists; Providing a kind of is the aerobic compost method of main raw material with discarded fresh tobacco leaf; With through the inapplicable tobacco leaf in field is become thoroughly decomposed on the spot; The entrained various pathogenic bacterias of the inapplicable tobacco leaf in the effective deactivation of high temperature field that utilize aerobic compost to produce are produced high-quality fertilizer through further processing treatment simultaneously, also for the improvement of the resource reutilization of the inapplicable tobacco leaf in field, ecotope and the development of recycling economy technological approaches are provided.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
With discarded fresh tobacco leaf is the aerobic compost method of main raw material, prescinds to 5-10cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted is gathered, and places 2-3 days; Its water cut is reduced; Then by weight percentage, fresh tobacco leaf 70%-80%, vegetable mould 15%-25% and urea 5% or diammonium phosphate 5-10% are mixed, obtain mixture; And then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture; Place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove, the compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 25-30/1, pH 7-8; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, moisture≤35.0%, pH 5.5-8.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, every 2-3 days turning once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, compost time 3-4 week.
The present invention gathers the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted and prescinds the back and placed 2-3 days, drops to 55%～65% to water ratio, mixes with vegetable mould, urea or diammonium phosphate again.
The present invention compares with the compost of prior art, and the characteristics of two aspects are arranged, and the first is a raw material with the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted; Nutrient content is high, is prone to become thoroughly decomposed, and its unique biological consists of rapid microbial growth and breeding provides condition; Therefore; The compost starting stage, mikrobe can ramp and breeding, makes the whole compost cycle shorten more than 20 days.And prior art is in the compost of main raw material with the stalk; Because the stalk staple is the xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose, semicellulose of difficult degradation etc.; Mikrobe is all very slow in the growth of compost starting stage, breeding, and lower water ratio also can influence whole fermentation process in the plant simultaneously.It two is to select for use composition to comprise bacterium, actinomycetes, saccharomycetic specific complex micro organism fungicide as becoming thoroughly decomposed agent, and the low temperature that bacterium begins at compost, hot stage can effectively improve the speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed to fresh tobacco leaf, shorten the compost maturity time; Actinomycetes can fixed nitrogen, improves the compost nutrient content, secretion antibiotics material suppresses harmful germ growth; Yeast can act on and contain sugar substrate, improves compost temperature, quickens cellulosic decomposition in the fresh tobacco leaf, therefore, uses this kind agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed can promote the nutrient content of the back fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and suppresses the pathogenic bacteria growth, can significantly shorten the compost cycle.
The inventive method is simple, and treatment capacity is big, non-secondary pollution, and the fertilizer quality of being produced is high, can reach relevant national standard, creates higher economic benefit, can turn waste into wealth.
Embodiment
With discarded fresh tobacco leaf is the aerobic compost method of main raw material; Be to prescind to 5-10cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted is gathered, placed 2-3 days, make its water cut be reduced to 55%～65%; Then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 70%-80%, vegetable mould 15%-25% and urea 5% or diammonium phosphate 5-10% are mixed, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 25-30/1, pH 7-8; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, moisture≤35.0%, pH 5.5-8.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, every 2-3 days turning once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, compost time 3-4 week.Whole compost fermentation carries out to open wide the slot type composting mode.
Embodiment one
Prescind to 8-10cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted gathered, tiled 3 days, make its water cut be reduced to 55%; Then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 70%, vegetable mould 25% and urea 5% are mixed, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 25/1, and pH 7; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, moisture≤35.0%, pH6; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, turning in per 2 days once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, 4 weeks of compost time.
Embodiment two
Prescind to 5-8cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted gathered, placed 2 days, make its water cut be reduced to 65%; Then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 80%, vegetable mould 15% and urea 5% are mixed, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 28/1, and pH 8; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, and moisture≤35.0%, pH 5.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, turning in per 3 days once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, 3 weeks of compost time.
Embodiment three
Prescind to 5-8cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted gathered, placed 2 days, make its water cut be reduced to 60-65%; Then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 75%, vegetable mould 20% and urea 5% are mixed, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 30/1, and pH 8; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, and moisture≤35.0%, pH 5.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, turning in per 3 days once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, 3 weeks of compost time.
Embodiment four
Prescind to 5-10cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted gathered, placed 2-3 days, its water cut is reduced to about 60%; Then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 75%, vegetable mould 17% and diammonium phosphate 8% are mixed, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 30/1, pH7; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, and moisture≤35.0%, pH 8.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, every 2-3 days turning once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, compost time 3-4 week.
Embodiment five
Prescind to 8-10cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted gathered, placed 2-3 days, make its water cut be reduced to 55%; Then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 70%, vegetable mould 25% and diammonium phosphate 5% are mixed, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 28/1, pH8; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, and moisture≤35.0%, pH 8.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, every 2-3 days turning once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, compost time 3-4 week.
Embodiment six
Prescind to 5-8cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted gathered, placed 2-3 days, make its water cut be reduced to 65%; Then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 80%, vegetable mould 15% and diammonium phosphate 5% are mixed, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 25/1, pH7; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, and moisture≤35.0%, pH 8.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, every 2-3 days turning once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, compost time 3-4 week.
Embodiment seven
Prescind to 5-8cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted gathered, placed 2-3 days, make its water cut be reduced to 65%; Then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 75%, vegetable mould 15% and diammonium phosphate 10% are mixed, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: the C/N ratio is adjusted to 25/1, pH7; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, and moisture≤35.0%, pH 8.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, every 2-3 days turning once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, compost time 3-4 week.
Through detecting, the fertilizer each item that adopts the inventive method to produce detects index and has all reached fertilizer national sector standard (NY525-2011), the suitable production that is applied to multiple non-tobacco grower crop.
Claims (2)
1. be the aerobic compost method of main raw material with discarded fresh tobacco leaf, it is characterized in that, prescind to 5-10cm after the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted is gathered; Placed 2-3 days, and its water cut was reduced, then by weight percentage; Fresh tobacco leaf 70%-80%, vegetable mould 15%-25% and urea 5% or diammonium phosphate 5-10% are mixed; Obtain mixture, and then by weight percentage the millesimal agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added in the mixture, place open type to become thoroughly decomposed afterwards and carry out compost fermentation in the groove; The compost fermentation condition is: C/N ratio is adjusted to 25-30/1, pH 7-8; The said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is a complex micro organism fungicide, and its composition is bacterium 50%, actinomycetes 15% and yeast 35%, effective bacterium number>=0.5 hundred million/gram, moisture≤35.0%, pH 5.5-8.5; In 7 days after the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is added, every 2-3 days turning once, turning in per afterwards 5 days once, compost time 3-4 week.
2. as claimed in claim 1 is the aerobic compost method of main raw material with discarded fresh tobacco leaf, it is characterized in that, the low grade fresh tobacco leaf of depleted is gathered prescind the back and placed 2-3 days, drops to 55%～65% to water ratio, mixes with vegetable mould, urea or diammonium phosphate again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012101047398A CN102643121A (en) | 2012-04-11 | 2012-04-11 | Aerobic composting process by using waste fresh tobacco leaves as main raw material |
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| CN2012101047398A CN102643121A (en) | 2012-04-11 | 2012-04-11 | Aerobic composting process by using waste fresh tobacco leaves as main raw material |
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| CN102643121A true CN102643121A (en) | 2012-08-22 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102887742A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-01-23 | 师宗海利食品有限责任公司 | Process for producing bioorganic fertilizer by utilizing fresh tobacco leaf |
| CN103588558A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-19 | 云南瑞升埃比特生物科技有限公司 | Inapplicable field fresh tobacco leaf biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103708854A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | Method of producing nicotine type foliar fertilizer by waste and defective fresh tobacco leaves |
| CN104355711A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-02-18 | 同济大学 | Aerobic composting method for animal dung with humus |
| CN105175193A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by means of tobacco waste in cold regions |
| CN105399459A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-16 | 普洱恩波生物农业有限责任公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer from mixed tobacco straw and coconut shells |
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| CN101613222A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2009-12-30 | 郑州大学 | A kind of tobacco stalk organic fertilizer and manufacturing thereof, using method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102887742A (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2013-01-23 | 师宗海利食品有限责任公司 | Process for producing bioorganic fertilizer by utilizing fresh tobacco leaf |
| CN102887742B (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-07-30 | 云南海利实业有限责任公司 | Process for producing bioorganic fertilizer by utilizing fresh tobacco leaf |
| CN103588558A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-02-19 | 云南瑞升埃比特生物科技有限公司 | Inapplicable field fresh tobacco leaf biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103708854A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | Method of producing nicotine type foliar fertilizer by waste and defective fresh tobacco leaves |
| CN103708854B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2016-08-24 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | The method that a kind of useless time fresh tobacco leaf produces nicotine type nicotinic foliage fertilizer |
| CN104355711A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-02-18 | 同济大学 | Aerobic composting method for animal dung with humus |
| CN105175193A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-23 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by means of tobacco waste in cold regions |
| CN105399459A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-16 | 普洱恩波生物农业有限责任公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer from mixed tobacco straw and coconut shells |
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Application publication date: 20120822 |