CN102640880A - Broiler chicken compound feed substituting methionine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a formula of a broiler chicken compound feed with betaine for substituting methionine. Betaine is used for substituting 20% of methionine, and addition proportion of betaine to methionine is 5:4. By adopting the broiler chicken compound feed disclosed by the invention, production performance of broiler chickens can be improved, carcass quality can be improved, feed cost can be reduced, and economic benefit of breeding can be increased.

Description

A kind of broiler chickens mixed feed of alternative methionine

Technical field

The present invention relates to methionine substitute technology in the daily ration of broiler, be specifically related to a kind of broiler chickens mixed feed of alternative methionine.

Background technology

Methionine is first limiting amino acid in corn-dregs of beans type poultry feed, has synthetic protein and the function of methyl is provided.At present, in the intensification bird produces, face problem: the nutritive additive methionine is deficient, depends on import for a long time, and the price height causes feed cost to increase; The speed of growth that covets influences carcass quality; The powerful colony's resistance of stress luring into that confinement rearing produces descends, and disease is multiple.The supply of methionine has often surpassed the synthetic demand of protein in the conventional daily ration prescription, and remaining methionine just satisfies the methyl source and other nutrients of saving that lacks as methyl donor, and this prescription is uneconomic often aborning.In the production, the price of betaine is lower than methionine, substitutes the confession methyl effect of methionine with identical biological value garden beet alkali, and lets more methionine go to participate in the synthetic of protein, is only the means of less expensive.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides the technology of the alternative methionine of betaine in broiler chickens mixed feed.

The ratio that betaine of the present invention substitutes methionine is 20%, and betaine: the mass ratio of methionine is 5:4.Proportioning of the present invention is accurate, when reducing feed cost, improves the chest muscle protein content, reduces hepatic fat content, improves carcass quality.

The present invention realizes through following technical scheme:

A kind of broiler chickens mixed feed of alternative methionine, fill a prescription as follows:

The prescription of basal diet part:

Corn 38-46%

Wheat 20-30%

Oil 0.5-3%

Dregs of beans 15-30%

Cotton dregs 0-4%

Maize alcohol lees 3-8%

Stone flour 0.5-1.5%

Calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0-0.4%

Salt 0.2---0.3%

Lysine 0.5-1%

Methionine 0-0.25%

Phytase 0-0.01%

Wheat enzyme 0-0.02%

Vitamin premix 0-0.3%

Microelement pre-mix material 0-0.2%

Also comprise betaine in the said prescription, betaine is used for replacing 20% methionine, and the adding proportion of betaine and methionine is 5:4, promptly adds 5 parts of betaines and is equivalent to add 4 parts of methionine.

The addition of methionine and betaine confirms according to the growth phase of fryer, that is: 1-21 age in days meat chicken, methionine addition 0.168%, betaine 0.053%; Chicken in the 22-35 age in days meat, methionine 0.168%, betaine 0.053%; The big chicken of 36-42 meat in age, methionine 0.136%, betaine 0.043%.

A large amount of scholar's research both at home and abroad shows that betaine has transmethylase function (Kettunen etc., 2001), osmotic adjustment effect (Kidd etc., 1997), alleviates stress (Tang Ling, 2003; Lu Haijun etc., 2005,2006), have food calling effect (Yin Haifu etc., 2003), betaine can also effectively keep vitamins stability (Tian Yunbo etc., 1998) in addition.

Betaine of the present invention belongs to amphoteric compound, and advantages of higher stability is arranged, and dilutes the back with premix and adds.Betaine of the present invention is the special-purpose betaine of feed: betaine HCL purity >=95%, and available from Sunwin Chemicals Co., Ltd..

The practical implementation method

Test material and method

1.1 test material

Betaine is purchased in Sunwin Chemicals Co., Ltd.,

1.2 experimental design and method

Choose 1080 1 age in days AA meat chicks, be divided into 6 processing at random, 3 repetitions of every processing, each repeats 60 chickens.Experimental periods 42 d is divided into 3 stages: chicken stage (22-35 age in days) and big chicken stage of meat (36-42 age in days) in meat chicken stage (1-21 age in days), the meat.Experimental design is divided into control group (I group), II group, III group, IV group, V group and VI group shown in table 1-1.In fryer different phase Met total amount is 0.21% (1-21 age in days), 0.21% (22-35 age in days), 0.17% (36-42 age in days); II group, III group are respectively adds the test group that betaine substitutes the total methionine amount 20%, 38% of control group; IV, V group are not added betaine group for total methionine reduces 20%, 38%; Test VI group substitutes the methionine group of adding in the control group for the total amount of (II+III) betaine, and in whole test, betaine all substitutes methionine with the ratio of 5:4.Test daily ration design reference is liked to pull out increasingly commodity for the fryer trophic level, and prescription is formed and seen table 1-2.

Table 1-1 experimental design

Table 1-2 daily ration is formed

Annotate: the dregs of beans protein content is 46%; The cotton dregs protein content is 40%; Vitamin premix is that Qingdao and U.S. company produce, and can buy main component vitamin A: 4000-4950KIU, cholecalciferol on the market; 1138-2363 KIU, prokeyvit: 1050-2250KIU, vitamin B1: >=1350mg, vitamin E: >=10000IU, vitamin B2: >=2700mg, pantothenic acid: >=4500mg, nicotinic acid: >=14000mg, carrier are dephenolization cottonseed protein and cornstarch; Microelement pre-mix material is that Qingdao and U.S. feed corporation,Ltd produce, can buy on the market, and main component copper: 4000-10000mg, iron: 16000-200000mg, manganese: 44000-72500mg, zinc: 36000-72500mg, diluent are calcium monohydrogen phosphate; Phytase, wheat enzyme are health ground, Weifang grace product, can buy on the market.

Testing index and method

Duration of test is observed the mental status of chicken every day, accurate recording feed intake, death rate, and test (21 ages in days, 42 ages in days) takes by weighing the chicken body weight and calculates feed intake, average daily gain, material anharmonic ratio.Measure dressing percentage, half clean thorax rate, complete clean thorax rate, chest muscle rate.And with chest muscle, Liver Allograft Preservation at-20 ℃, measure crude protein (GB/T6432-1994), crude fat (GB/T6433-2006).Tested the 42nd day, and from each repetition of each processing, extracted 5 chickens close with average weight, the wing venous blood collection, preparation serum is measured serum each item index with automatic clinical chemistry analyzer.

Data analysis

Use general linear model (GLM) program in SAS 9.1 softwares that test data is carried out variance analysis, use the Deng Kenshi multiple ratio than the significance of difference between each average, significance does P<0.05.

Result of the test and analysis

4.1 betaine instead of part methionine is to the influence of meat chicken production performance

The methionine that table 4-1 betaine replaces varying level is to the growth of meat chicken Effect on Performance

Annotate: the different alphabetical persons of colleague's subscript represent significant difference ( P<0.05), the subscript same letter or not the mark person represent difference not significantly ( P>0.05), as follows.

Replace methionine can know the growth of meat chicken Effect on Performance by table 4-1 betaine, 21 age in days betaines replace methionine that broiler weight, average daily gain, average daily ingestion amount, feedstuff-meat ratio are not all made significant difference.During 42 ages in days, daily gain, the body weight of first three groups do not have significant difference, but all be significantly higher than only add betaine group ( P<0.05), the average daily ingestion amount of 20% methionine alternate sets is minimum, significantly be lower than 38% methionine minimizing group ( P<0.05), the material anharmonic ratio of 20% methionine alternate sets significantly be lower than 38% methionine minimizing group and only add betaine group ( P＜0.05).

Body weight, the daily gain of only adding betaine group are minimum, and the material anharmonic ratio is higher, explain when betaine replaces the large percentage of methionine, can produce negative effect to the growth performance of fryer.Result of the test shows that the growth of meat chicken performance is best when substituting total methionine 20% with II group betaine.

Table 4-2 betaine replaces the varying level methionine that 42 age in days fryer are butchered Effect on Performance

Replacing the varying level methionine that 42 age in days fryer are butchered performance impact by table 4-2 betaine can know, 20% methionine alternate sets dressing percentage and control group difference not remarkable ( P>0.05), but be significantly higher than other each group ( P<0.05), 20% methionine alternate sets chest muscle rate be significantly higher than other groups ( P<0.05), abdomen fat rate significantly be lower than other groups ( P<0.05).

Table 4-3 betaine replaces the influence of varying level methionine to 42 age in days chicken chests and liver albumen, fat content

By table 4-3, during 42 ages in days, 20% methionine alternate sets chest muscle protein content be significantly higher than control group and 20%, 38% methionine minimizing group ( P<0.05); 20% methionine alternate sets liver crude protein content is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), but with other respectively organize difference not significantly ( P>0.05).Betaine promotes the body internal protein synthetic, has reduced the decomposition of protein, makes proteins deposited increase in the tissue,

During 42 ages in days, 20% methionine alternate sets chest muscle crude fat content with do not add methionine only add betaine group difference not significantly ( P>0.05), but be significantly higher than other each group ( P<0.05); First three groups liver crude fat content does not have significant difference, all significantly be lower than 20%, 38% methionine minimizing group ( P<0.05), with only add betaine do not add methionine group difference not significantly ( P>0.05).

Table 4-4 betaine replaces the influence of varying level methionine to 42 age in days serum of broilers indexs

4-4 can draw by table; The content of 20% methionine alternate sets uric acid is minimum, and the content of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase is the highest, behind the interpolation betaine; Can significantly reduce the content of triglycerides in the serum, LDL-C (LDL-C), improve the content of HDL-C (HDL-C).

Low-density lipoprotein is the principal mode to the synthetic endogenous of tissue transhipment liver; HDL is to be responsible for transporting cholesterol back liver metabolism to change; The minimizing of the synthetic endogenous of decomposition, conversion, drainage and the liver of cholesterol and lipoprotein to the tissue transhipment quickened in the rising of HDL-C and the reduction of LDL-C.This and betaine lipotropism fat effect are corresponding to; Reduce the activity of lipese in the liver; Promote the migration of fat in the liver, reduced the content of triglycerides in the liver, prevented that effectively liver fat from accumulating; And then improve carcass quality, and this result of the test shows with 20% alternative dose-effect fruit the most remarkable.

Culture benefit

Table 4-5 betaine substitutes the culture benefit of 20% methionine

Annotate: hair chicken price is pressed 7.50 yuan/kg of current market price.

Obtain betaine through test and substitute 20% methionine, the production performance of fryer is best, and its culture benefit is seen table 4-5.

4-5 can obtain by table, and betaine replaces methionine can make the fryer culture benefit improve 0.57 yuan/.By 23.5 yuan/kg of the market price one water betaine, 37.8 yuan/kg of methionine.One water betaine substitutes 20% methionine, and complete feed per ton can be practiced thrift 3.37 yuan.

At present, fryer is cultured and is tending towards scale, and this test adopts betaine to replace the methionine of daily ration of broiler 20%, can improve culture benefit to a certain extent, improves carcass quality, utilizes prospect comparatively wide in aquaculture.

Claims (2)

1. the broiler chickens mixed feed of an alternative methionine is characterized in that, fills a prescription as follows:

The prescription of basal diet part:

Corn 38-46%

Wheat 20-30%

Oil 0.5-3%

Dregs of beans 15-30%

Cotton dregs 0-4%

Maize alcohol lees 3-8%

Stone flour 0.5-1.5%

Calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0-0.4%

Salt 0.2---0.3%

Lysine 0.5-1%

Methionine 0-0.25%

Phytase 0-0.01%

Wheat enzyme 0-0.02%

Vitamin premix 0-0.3%

Microelement pre-mix material 0-0.2%

Also comprise betaine in the said prescription, betaine is used for replacing 20% methionine, and the adding proportion of betaine and methionine is 5:4, promptly adds 5 parts of betaines and is equivalent to add 4 parts of methionine.

2. the broiler chickens mixed feed of a kind of alternative methionine according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the addition of methionine and betaine confirms according to the growth phase of fryer, that is: 1-21 age in days meat chicken, methionine addition 0.168%, betaine 0.053%; Chicken in the 22-35 age in days meat, methionine 0.168%, betaine 0.053%; The big chicken of 36-42 meat in age, methionine 0.136%, betaine 0.043%.