CN102635342A - Thermo-chemical oil extraction method of offshore thickened oil - Google Patents
Thermo-chemical oil extraction method of offshore thickened oil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermo-chemical oil extraction method of offshore thickened oil. The method comprises the following steps of: heating water injected into a heat exchanger to 150-200 DEG C by utilizing high-temperature tail gas or combustion waste heat; then, carrying a surfactant on line by the injected water; injecting a catalyst solution into a section plug; and injecting the surfactant and the catalyst solution into a thickened oil layer to carry out chemically reinforced heat oil displacement. The method disclosed by the invention takes full advantages of local conditions, recycles the waste heat and saves energy; the temperature of the injected water is raised on line to realize low-temperature heat water oil displacement; the conditions are more alleviated (compared with the traditional thickened oil thermo-chemical oil extraction by injecting steam); and the investment cost and the maintenance cost are lower and the energy-saving and synergistic offshore thermo-chemical oil displacement can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of marine heavy oil production method, particularly a kind of marine viscous crude heat chemistry oil production method.
Background technology
China marine site petroleum resources that is richly stored with, the efficient exploitation of offshore oilfield is to the importance more and more significant of the national economic development and national security.Along with deepening continuously of offshore oil field development, to intend the oil-field structure of going into operation and become increasingly complex, the contradiction that comes out in the oil field that produces also increases gradually.In order to employ more reserves, the more crude oil of extraction in the platform lifetime at sea, it is also just increasingly important to the offshore oil field development role to improve recovery efficiency technique.China's offshore oilfield has found that the viscous crude oil in place accounts for 70% of total oil in place, and its thick oil recovery ratio also has big gap with respect to the similar oil recovery rate in land, and therefore, it is huge that marine viscous crude improves recovery factor potential.Offshore oilfield has been carried out extensive work in several big fields such as chemical flooding, gas drive, microbe oil production and thermal recoveries; Wherein polymer flooding has got into the well group experimental stage; Binary combination flooding, aqueous vapor (the rich natural gas of association) alternately are about to get into field test; The microbe oil production technology has been carried out preliminary trial at mining site, and the multielement hot fluid technology has also been moved towards field test, but water drive and with polymer flooding (suitable viscous crude oil reservoir viscosity＜100mPas) be that the chemical flooding of representative is one of dominant technology of developing of the marine viscous crude field of present China; Be the heavy oil cold flow production mode, for high viscosity more (＞100mPas) the waterflooding extraction recovery ratio of viscous crude is on the low side relatively.In recent years, the responsive sticking warm nature of viscous crude makes the thermal recovery technology receive much concern, and becomes domestic and international raising thick oil recovery ratio hot research fields.Conventional thermal recovery technology ubiquity equipment requirements is harsh, power consumption is high, steam generator takes up an area of that the space is big, thermal loss reaches problems such as ambient influnence sensitivity more, in view of the multiple effects limit of offshore platform, make should technology at sea field use is less at present.
Heavy crude heat extraction and the cold mode of adopting are organically combined; Have complementary advantages; Further improve marine thick oil recovery ratio; The heat chemistry oil production method that research is used for offshore oilfield also is a thinking, and it is the complex technique that improves single thermal recovery effect that heat chemistry is recovered the oil, and one Chinese patent application 200810015696.X discloses a kind of thermochemistry auxiliary reinforced steam flooding method that utilizes compound thinner of oil-soluble and carbon dioxide auxiliary water horizontal well Simulation on whole pay zones; The horizontal well drilling in heavy crude reservoir oil reservoir bottom; Periodically the compound thinner of oil-soluble, liquid carbon dioxide and steam are injected horizontal well in proper order with the slug form, behind the stewing well of closing well, the open flow that drives a well, pump recovers the oil continuously down in horizontal well.One Chinese patent application 201010144443.X discloses a kind of exploitation method of thick oil type oil deposit, in oil reservoir, adds chemical agent and hot fluid, effectively solves the asphalitine of crude oil in oil reservoir and separates out problem mutually; Make the smooth seepage flow of crude oil in the oil reservoir to oil well; Let crude oil from oil well, rise to ground then, significantly reduce the thick oil type oil deposit cost of winning, prolong the oil well production cycle; Increase oil well output, improve the oil reservoir ultimate recovery.Chinese patent 03137611.8 discloses a kind of chemical heat thickened oil recovery method that is used for heavy crude producing; To be added oxidation system soup that an amount of thickening agent processes by the hydrogen peroxide solution of certain mass concentration and add the reduction system soup that an amount of thickening agent processes by the hydrazine of certain mass concentration and inject the stratum with the form of slug by a certain percentage, the heat and the gas that utilize their chemical reaction produces in the stratum are beneficial to thickened oil recovery.A kind of heat chemistry that is used for water injection well in oil fields that discloses Chinese patent 93102899.X helps drives agent augmented injection flooding method; Through in water injection well, injecting the sodium nitrite in aqueous solution and the identical ammonium salt aqueous solution of amount of chemical substance with it simultaneously; The closing well question response is accomplished restoring injection again after constructing, and adjusts the intake profile on water injection well stratum and improve aspects such as water injection rate, enhancing displacement of reservoir oil increase oil well output in mediation stratum, selectivity all to have than positive effect.People such as Cao Bin (the auxiliary cracking viscosity reduction technical application [J] of thick oil filling steam chemistry. tech enterprises in China; 2009; (20): 64-65) combine dawn area viscous crude rerum natura, under catalytic action, make the steam and the viscous crude that inject oil reservoir that chemical change takes place on molecular level, change the viscous crude heavy components content; Effectively reduce viscosity of thickened oil, obtained certain effect through The field.People such as Liu Yang (the auxiliary guiding test of cracking viscosity reduction mining site [J] of chemistry in the thick oil filling vapor film. Inner Mongol petrochemical industry; 2009; (4): 74-76) adopted the auxiliary cracking viscosity reduction technology of chemistry in the steam injection layer; Carried out the auxiliary guiding test of cracking viscosity reduction technology of chemistry in the steam injection layer in triumph Gudong field 2 mouthfuls of ultra heavy oil wells, the result shows in the steam injection layer that the auxiliary cracking viscosity reduction technology of chemistry can replace the prior steam oil recovery by heating technology of handling up and keep ordinary production, and test oil well viscosity break ratio reaches more than 80%; The produce oil raising the output of individual well day is more than 60%, and the viscosity reduction oil increasing effect is obvious.People such as Mbba are reported in Midway Sunset oil field and carry out overheated-chemically composited oil recovery technique test, have 80% test well to improve output.Shedid carried out exploration to the optimization steam flooding technology of using the more crude oil of steam and low concentration alkali surfactant mixture exploitation.United States Patent (USP) P5891829 and study more hydrothermal cracking technology and reported the method for upgrading under the heavy oil wells reduces viscosity of thickened oil.Make a general survey of all viscous crude heat chemistry oil recovery techniques; Current heating power provides and is mostly that steam makes hot fluid; Temperature is low bigger to the influence of assistant chemical agent action effect; And technology exists equally, and equipment requirements is harsh, the power consumption of generation steam is high, boiler occupation of land space is big, thermal loss reaches problems such as ambient influnence sensitivity more;, space big or load-bearing to well depth limited and receive the obvious oil field of weather influence, technology implement often difficult take into account thermal recovery and the cold mode of adopting is recovered the oil in addition heat energy and chemical agent in the different temperatures district the two effect that concurs.Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of marine viscous crude heat chemistry oil production method of efficient energy-saving.
Summary of the invention
The marine viscous crude heat chemistry oil production method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of efficient energy-saving.
A kind of marine viscous crude heat chemistry oil production method provided by the invention comprises the steps: with the injection water to 150 in high-temperature tail gas or the burning waste heat heat exchanger ℃～200 ℃; After said injection water adds surfactant and/or catalyzer, inject the viscous crude oil reservoir then and carry out the displacement of reservoir oil.
In the above-mentioned oil production method, the pressure of the injection water in the said heat exchanger can make the temperature of the injection water in the said heat exchanger rise to 150 ℃～200 ℃ during greater than 1.6MPa.
In the above-mentioned oil production method, said high-temperature tail gas can be the high-temperature tail gas of internal combustion engine or turbine generators; Said burning used heat can be oil field emptying associated gas burning used heat, thereby can suit measures to local conditions Waste Heat Recovery, energy-conservation utilization.
In the above-mentioned oil production method, said surfactant is specially the petroleum acids salt surfactant; Said petroleum acids salt surfactant can be obtained through reaction by viscous crude and deacidification agent.
In the above-mentioned oil production method, the molfraction ratio of acid can be (1.1～1.5) in said deacidification agent and the said viscous crude: 1, specifically can be 1.1: 1,1.3: 1 or 1.5: 1.
In the above-mentioned oil production method, said deacidification agent can be ethanol water at least a in organic amine and the alkaline salt.
In the above-mentioned oil production method, said organic amine specifically can be polyvinylamine or monoethanolamine; Said alkaline salt specifically can be ammonium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, sodium carbonate or sodium acetate.
Method of the present invention adopts the petroleum acids salt surfactant cheaper than commercial surfactant price as emulsifier, and its lipophilic group derives from viscous crude, with target viscous crude structural similarity, viscous crude is played better reducing viscosity by emulsifying effect; Organic amine of having more than needed in the deacidification agent in addition, or alkaline salt also can further generate surfactant and strengthen oil displacement efficiency in the water drive oil process.
In the above-mentioned oil production method, said catalyzer can be at least a mixture in inorganic salts and transition metal acylate and the ionic liquid;
Said inorganic salts can be in carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, ammonium chloride and the natrium nitrosum at least a;
Said transition metal acylate can be oxalates, oleate, acetate, benzoate or the phthalate of at least a metal ion in iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper, ruthenium and the palladium;
Said ionic liquid can be the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid or the ion liquid of quaternaries of at least a metal ion in copper, nickel, tin, ruthenium, palladium, molybdenum, iron and the zinc.
In the above-mentioned oil production method; The gross mass portion rate of said surfactant, catalyzer and injection water can be (0.007～0.009): (0.042～0.05): 1; Specifically can be 0.007: 0.042: 1,0.0075: 0.045: 1 or 0.009: 0.05: 1, said surfactant is in solid content wherein.
Marine viscous crude heat chemistry oil production method provided by the invention; Compared with prior art; Have the following advantages: (1) utilizes the online deacidifying process of crude oil to generate the petroleum acids salt surfactant, and it is cheaper than commercial surfactant price as emulsifier, and its lipophilic group derives from crude oil; With the viscous crude structural similarity, viscous crude is played better reducing viscosity by emulsifying effect; In addition, inorganic base more than needed can further generate surfactant and strengthens oil displacement efficiency in the deacidification agent in the water drive oil process; (2) to marine waterflooding oil field, internal combustion engine (or turbine generators) high-temperature tail gas or oil field emptying associated gas that platform exists, its calorific value is huge; Second use and fully emptying causes the resource significant wastage is not suited measures to local conditions; Waste Heat Recovery, energy-conservation utilization, online lifting are injected coolant-temperature gage and are realized the low-temperature water heating displacement of reservoir oil; Condition more relaxes (oil recovery by heating of more traditional thick oil filling steam), and input and maintenance cost are lower; (3) used catalyzer cost is low; Than hydrothermal cracking and the auxiliary steam injection oil recovery catalyzer of other chemistry; Its activation temperature is lower; The energy that hot water has can excite catalyst activity, and catalyzer helps realize following effect: the one, impel the lighting of oil reservoir viscous crude component upgrading, and system follows aerogenesis (mixing effect is arranged) to strengthen effects such as oil-water emulsion; The 2nd, in the lightweight carburetion progradation also there is the thin oil diluting effect in the rear-guard viscous crude; (4) in the implementation process of the present invention; Higher temperature district (＞80 ℃) catalyzer has activity; The displacement of reservoir oil can strengthen effects such as oil-water emulsion by viscous crude high temperature viscosity reduction, component upgrading and aerogenesis, and lower temperature region (＜80 ℃) can continue to strengthen hot water flooding's effect by the petroleum acids salt surfactant; Simultaneously, after of the upgrading effect of higher temperature displacement of reservoir oil district's catalyzer, make the lower temperature region displacement of reservoir oil also have certain thin oil dilution and gas drive effect to viscous crude.Although this method hot fluid temperature reduces; But realized the combination of the multiple displacement of reservoir oil mode in different temperatures district equally; And taken into account the effect that heavy crude heat extraction and the cold effect of adopting complements one another, plays a role jointly, problem such as the yield of having alleviated thus that traditional chemical assisted steam flooding chemical agent requires the harshness of temperature or the single cold mode of adopting is recovered the oil is on the low side relatively; (5) modified oil recovery by heating method of the present invention technological process is simple, and implementation cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the marine viscous crude heat chemistry oil production method of the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Employed experimental technique is conventional method like no specified otherwise among the following embodiment.
Used material, reagent etc. like no specified otherwise, all can obtain from commercial sources among the following embodiment.
Embodiment 1, marine viscous crude heat chemistry are recovered the oil
Utilizing flow process shown in Figure 1 to carry out marine viscous crude heat chemistry recovers the oil.
At the exit mounting heat exchanger (heat exchange efficiency calculates by 80%) of the on-the-spot internal combustion engine afterbody in certain oil field, with high-temperature tail gas 16.5 ten thousand m
3/ d meter, the flow velocity of regulating water in the heat exchanger is 8.5m
3/ h, utilize the high-temperature tail gas of internal combustion engine can be online heating inject coolant-temperature gage to 150 ℃, at this moment, the pressure in the heat exchanger is 6.40MPa; " vacuum heat-insulation oil pipe, the control individual well injects water with 7m to adopt 4-1/2
3The flow velocity of/h injects the viscous crude oil reservoir, and near wellbore zone, 1000m oil reservoir place is injected coolant-temperature gage and still can be kept more than 140 ℃.The viscous crude that is come out by receiving manifold gets wet crude and injects online blender after the sedimentation separation of efficient cyclone profit; Making sodium carbonate-ethanol water deacidification agent system among the storage tank I inject online blender with the flow velocity of 5.0L/h (the organic acid mol ratio is 1.1: 1 in this deacidification agent and the crude oil) through control valve 1 mixes with crude oil; Carry out the dehydration of crude oil after agent oil mixes, after electricity takes off device, separate lower floor's water (being the aqueous solution of petroleum acids salt surfactant) and get into storage tank II; Make the petroleum acids salt surfactant aqueous solution and the [Et among the storage tank III among the storage tank II through control valve 2 and 3
3NH] NiCl
3Cu
+With the mixed solution of ammonium carbonate respectively with 0.5m
3/ h (can regulate injection rate) and 7m according to the solution amount among the storage tank II
3The pipeline that the flow velocity injection heat exchanger of/h (every 4h slug injects once) is connected with pit shaft mixes with injection water (150 ℃); Obtain mixing material (wherein; The mixture of petroleum acids salt surfactant, ionic liquid and ammonium carbonate is 0.007: 0.042: 1 with the ratio of quality and the number of copies that injects water), inject this mixing material arrival oil reservoir (1000m target reservoir depth) by pit shaft and carry out thickened oil recovery.Indoor this process of employing fill out sand tube modeling is carried out the heat chemistry displacement of reservoir oil, displacement to output liquid is moisture＞99.5% till, oil displacement efficiency reaches 68.5%.
Embodiment 2, marine viscous crude heat chemistry are recovered the oil
Utilizing flow process shown in Figure 1 to carry out marine viscous crude heat chemistry recovers the oil.
At the exit mounting heat exchanger (heat exchange efficiency calculates by 80%) of the on-the-spot turbine power generation drive end unit in certain oil field, with high-temperature tail gas 16.5 ten thousand m
3/ d meter, the flow velocity of regulating water in the heat exchanger is 8.5m
3/ h, utilize the high-temperature tail gas of turbine generators can be online heating inject coolant-temperature gage to 150 ℃, at this moment, the pressure in the heat exchanger is 6.40MPa; " vacuum heat-insulation oil pipe, the control individual well injects water with 7m to adopt 4-1/2
3The flow velocity of/h injects the viscous crude oil reservoir, and near wellbore zone, 1000m oil reservoir place is injected coolant-temperature gage and still can be kept more than 140 ℃.The viscous crude that is come out by receiving manifold gets wet crude and injects online blender after the sedimentation separation of efficient cyclone profit; Making monoethanolamine among the storage tank I-ethanol water deacidification agent system inject online blender with the flow velocity of 5.0L/h (the organic acid mol ratio is 1.5: 1 in this deacidification agent and the crude oil) through control valve 1 mixes with crude oil; Carry out the dehydration of crude oil after agent oil mixes, after electricity takes off device, separate lower floor's water (being the aqueous solution of petroleum acids salt surfactant) and get into storage tank II; Make the petroleum acids salt surfactant aqueous solution and the [Et among the storage tank III among the storage tank II through control valve 2 and 3
3NH] SnCl
3With the mixed solution of ammonium carbonate respectively with 0.5m
3/ h (can regulate injection rate) and 7m according to the solution amount among the storage tank II
3The pipeline that the flow velocity injection heat exchanger of/h (every 4h slug injects once) is connected with pit shaft mixes with injection water (150 ℃); Obtain mixing material (wherein; The mixture of petroleum acids salt surfactant, ionic liquid and ammonium carbonate is 0.009: 0.05: 1 with the ratio of quality and the number of copies that injects water), inject this mixing material arrival oil reservoir (1000m target reservoir depth) by pit shaft and carry out thickened oil recovery.Indoor this process of employing fill out sand tube modeling is carried out the heat chemistry displacement of reservoir oil, displacement to output liquid is moisture＞99.5% till, oil displacement efficiency reaches 68.6%.
Embodiment 3, marine viscous crude heat chemistry are recovered the oil
Utilizing flow process shown in Figure 1 to carry out marine viscous crude heat chemistry recovers the oil.
The on-the-spot oil field emptying associated gas emptying outlet place mounting heat exchanger (heat exchange efficiency calculates by 80%) in certain oil field is with oil field emptying associated gas 1.2 ten thousand m
3/ d meter, the flow velocity of regulating water in the heat exchanger is 20.8m
3/ h utilizes oil field emptying associated gas burning used heat can online heating to inject coolant-temperature gage to 200 ℃, and at this moment, the pressure in the heat exchanger is 6.40MPa; " vacuum heat-insulation oil pipe, the control individual well injects water with 7m to adopt 4-1/2
3The flow velocity of/h injects the viscous crude oil reservoir, and near wellbore zone, 1000m oil reservoir place is injected coolant-temperature gage and still can be kept more than 190 ℃.The viscous crude that is come out by receiving manifold gets wet crude and injects online blender after the sedimentation separation of efficient cyclone profit; Making polyvinylamine among the storage tank I-ethanol water deacidification agent system inject online blender with the flow velocity of 5.0L/h (the organic acid mol ratio is 1.3: 1 in this deacidification agent and the crude oil) through control valve 1 mixes with crude oil; Carry out the dehydration of crude oil after agent oil mixes, after electricity takes off device, separate lower floor's water (being the aqueous solution of petroleum acids salt surfactant) and get into storage tank II; Make the petroleum acids salt surfactant aqueous solution and the [Et among the storage tank III among the storage tank II through control valve 2 and 3
3NH] FeCl
3With the mixed solution of ammonium carbonate respectively with 0.5m
3/ h (can regulate injection rate) and 7m according to the solution amount among the storage tank II
3The pipeline that the flow velocity injection heat exchanger of/h (every 4h slug injects once) is connected with pit shaft mixes with injection water (200 ℃); Obtain mixing material (wherein; The mixture of petroleum acids salt surfactant, ionic liquid and ammonium carbonate is 0.0075: 0.045: 1 with the ratio of quality and the number of copies that injects water), inject this mixing material arrival oil reservoir (1000m target reservoir depth) by pit shaft and carry out thickened oil recovery.Indoor this process of employing fill out sand tube modeling is carried out the heat chemistry displacement of reservoir oil, displacement to output liquid is moisture＞99.5% till, oil displacement efficiency reaches 70.2%.
Claims (9)
1. marine viscous crude heat chemistry oil production method comprises the steps: with the injection water to 150 in high-temperature tail gas or the burning waste heat heat exchanger ℃～200 ℃; After said injection water adds surfactant and/or catalyzer, inject the viscous crude oil reservoir then and carry out the displacement of reservoir oil.
2. oil production method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said high-temperature tail gas is the high-temperature tail gas of internal combustion engine or turbine generators.
3. oil production method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said burning used heat is oil field emptying associated gas burning used heat.
4. according to arbitrary described oil production method among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: said surfactant is the petroleum acids salt surfactant; Said petroleum acids salt surfactant is obtained through reaction by viscous crude and deacidification agent.
5. oil production method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the molfraction of acid is than being (1.1～1.5) in said deacidification agent and the said viscous crude: 1.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described oil production methods, it is characterized in that: said deacidification agent is an ethanol water at least a in organic amine and the alkaline salt.
7. oil production method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: said organic amine is polyvinylamine or monoethanolamine; Said alkaline salt is ammonium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, sodium carbonate or sodium acetate.
8. according to arbitrary described oil production method among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: said catalyzer is an at least a mixture in inorganic salts and transition metal acylate and the ionic liquid;
Said inorganic salts can be in carbonic hydroammonium, ammonium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, ammonium chloride and the natrium nitrosum at least a;
Oxalates, oleate, acetate, benzoate or phthalate that said transition metal acylate is an at least a metal ion in iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper, ruthenium and the palladium;
Said ionic liquid is the alkyl imidazole ionic liquid or the ion liquid of quaternaries of at least a metal ion in copper, nickel, tin, ruthenium, palladium, molybdenum, iron and the zinc.
9. according to arbitrary described oil production method among the claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: the gross mass portion rate of said surfactant, catalyzer and injection water is for (0.007～0.009): (0.042～0.05): 1, and said surfactant is in solid content wherein.
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| CN102852489A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2013-01-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for treating cold oil extraction layer of thickened oil |
| CN103464179A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-25 | 吉林大学 | Catalyst used for extracting shale oil from oil shale and application method of catalyst |
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| CN103464179A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-25 | 吉林大学 | Catalyst used for extracting shale oil from oil shale and application method of catalyst |
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