CN114320242A - Natural gas hydrate exploitation area stratum energy compensation device and application method thereof - Google Patents
Natural gas hydrate exploitation area stratum energy compensation device and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114320242A CN114320242A CN202210094247.9A CN202210094247A CN114320242A CN 114320242 A CN114320242 A CN 114320242A CN 202210094247 A CN202210094247 A CN 202210094247A CN 114320242 A CN114320242 A CN 114320242A
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Abstract
The invention provides a natural gas hydrate exploitation area stratum energy compensation device and an application method thereof. The invention has reasonable design and simple structure, does not need to interrupt production or newly drill during use, and solves the problems of high energy consumption in the traditional natural gas hydrate exploitation mode, and the problems that the temperature of an exploitation area is reduced and the hydrate decomposition speed is slowed down after exploitation for a period of time, thereby reducing the gas production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a natural gas hydrate exploitation area stratum energy compensation device and an application method thereof.
Background
Natural gas hydrate, which is commonly called as 'combustible ice', mainly comprises CH4 and water, and is a cage-shaped solid compound formed at low temperature and high pressure. Preliminary estimates suggest that the reserves are on the order of millions of cubic meters, with over 90% being present in seabed clay silt or silt deposits. Under the international background of the shortage of current energy, the natural gas hydrate is taken as a novel energy with huge reserve and low pollution, and the problem of exploitation and utilization is more and more important. The current common mining methods mainly comprise a heat shock method (a heating method), a depressurization method, a chemical inhibitor method and a CO-CH 4 replacement method, and the combined application of the methods.
The specific implementation mode of the heat shock method mainly comprises the following steps: 1) the heat injection method is characterized in that heat is transmitted to a mining area by surface layer hot seawater, steam, hot brine or other hot fluids, and has the main defects of serious transportation loss and low efficiency due to long transmission distance; 2) in combination with the deep-sea geothermal exploitation technology, CO2 or low-temperature seawater is injected into a high-temperature rock stratum with geothermal energy through a pump, after heat is extracted, the high-temperature seawater returns to a hydrate reservoir through a casing to provide heat, but deep drilling and seismic exploration at the seabed are required, so that the cost is sharply increased, and in addition, the distribution range of the geothermal energy is limited; 3) in the in-situ heat supply method, calcium oxide (CaO) powder is injected into a natural gas hydrate reservoir and reacts with water to release heat so as to provide decomposition heat of the natural gas hydrate, but calcium hydroxide (CaOH) which is a product of the CaO powder can have negative effects on the environment, and an effective method for injecting a solid substance into the reservoir in a large range at present is not available; 4) the electric energy drives the related hydrate thermal excitation technology, a hydrate reservoir is heated in the modes of microwave, electromagnetic wave, radio frequency and the like, but the heating effect is poor due to the fact that the resistivity of the reservoir is high; the main purpose of the thermal shock method is to directly transfer heat to the natural gas hydrate reservoir, so that the temperature of the hydrate reservoir is integrally raised, the hydrate is promoted to shift on a phase curve, and the natural gas is obtained through decomposition. However, due to the low thermal conductivity of the hydrate reservoir, the heating is difficult, and due to the low porosity, the clay silt or sludge sediment around the hydrate reservoir inevitably absorbs huge heat during heating, so that huge energy waste is caused. The improved multi-horizontal well hot water injection method based on the various heat shock methods can improve the gas production efficiency, but the implementation cost is higher.
In the depressurization exploitation, because the natural gas hydrate is decomposed and absorbs energy, the temperature of an exploitation area is reduced after exploitation for a period of time, and further the hydrate decomposition efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention improves the problems, namely the invention aims to provide a formation energy compensation device for a natural gas hydrate exploitation region and an application method thereof, which are used for performing energy compensation on a natural gas hydrate reservoir temperature reduction region and improving exploitation efficiency.
The invention is formed in this way, it includes the self-entering compensating gear and high-pressure injection system used for sinking into stratum, there are flow channels in the said self-entering compensating gear, the said high-pressure injection system includes the reservoir pressurizing device and high-pressure pipe used for providing the injection power, the upper end of the said high-pressure pipe is connected with reservoir pressurizing device, the lower end of the said high-pressure pipe is connected with input port of flow channel.
Furthermore, the outside of the self-entering compensation device is provided with a heat conduction system, and the heat conduction system comprises a seamless steel pipe and a liquid ammonia layer arranged at the inner lower part of the seamless steel pipe.
Furthermore, the self-entering compensation device comprises a tail component, a middle component and a head component which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and side wings are arranged on two sides of the middle component.
Furthermore, the flow passage comprises a vertical passage and a plurality of transverse passages, and the output ends of the transverse passages are provided with liquid outlets.
Furthermore, a high-pressure pipe head connecting device is arranged above the middle component and used for connecting the lower end of the high-pressure pipe with the overflowing channel.
Furthermore, an anchor cable control device is arranged on the side of the high-pressure injection system, and the anchor cable control device is connected with the self-entering compensation device through a suspended anchor cable.
Further, an application method of the natural gas hydrate exploitation area stratum energy compensation device comprises the following steps: (1) after mining is carried out to a certain degree, selecting an area with a large formation temperature reduction as a working area according to mining requirements; (2) releasing a certain height of the self-entering compensation device above a working area into the sea through a construction ship or a hoisting system on an original construction operation platform, generating a higher speed mainly by means of gravity in the falling process, breaking a reservoir through a sharp-shaped head component, and sinking and penetrating; (3) after entering a reservoir from the self-entering compensation device and being stable, pressurizing by using a reservoir pressurizing device of a high-pressure injection system, injecting hot water into a temperature-reduced stratum from a liquid outlet after passing through a high-pressure pipe and an overflowing pipeline, and compensating for reservoir energy loss caused by hydrate exploitation; (4) when the upper part of the heat conduction system is positioned in a stratum requiring energy supplement and the lower part of the heat conduction system is positioned in a stratum with higher temperature, liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia layer can be boiled and changed into gaseous ammonia to absorb heat when contacting with a high-temperature stratum, the gaseous ammonia moves upwards, is condensed in an upper low-temperature environment to release heat, is changed into liquid ammonia again and flows back to the lower part, and the energy compensation is realized by utilizing the geothermal gradient heat transfer; (5) and after the mining operation is finished, the anchor cable control device is used for drawing and recovering the self-entering compensation device for repeated utilization.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) in the traditional method, a new shaft is drilled for heat injection, so that the cost is high; the self-entering compensation device can be injected into the stratum of the natural gas hydrate exploitation area by means of impact, does not need external energy, can be recycled, and is low in cost; (2) in the traditional method, a heat source is injected through an original production well, the seepage path reaching a temperature reduction area is long, and production needs to be suspended; the method can directly inject a heat source into the temperature-reduced area, has the characteristics of no interruption of production and no need of new drilling, is convenient to implement and has low cost; (3) the device can also utilize the ground temperature gradient characteristic to quickly conduct the energy of the stratum at the lower side of the reservoir to the mining area through the high-efficiency heat conduction system, and further compensate the energy loss caused by the heat absorption of the hydrate decomposition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-entering compensation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a component in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a middle member in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a heat transfer system distribution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: a-a natural gas hydrate reservoir; b-natural gas hydrate reservoir underburden; 1-heat conduction system, 2-self-entering compensation device, 21-tail component, 211-high-pressure pipe head connecting device, 22-middle component, 23-head component, 24-side wing, 3-high-pressure injection system, 31-reservoir pressurizing device, 32-high-pressure pipe, 4-hanging anchor cable, 5-anchor cable control device, 6-overflowing channel, 61-vertical channel, 62-horizontal channel and 7-liquid outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example (b): referring to the attached drawings 1-5, the stratum energy compensation device for the natural gas hydrate exploitation area comprises a self-entering compensation device 2 and a high-pressure injection system 3, wherein the self-entering compensation device is similar to a torpedo anchor in appearance, an overflow channel 6 is arranged inside the self-entering compensation device, the high-pressure injection system comprises a storage pressurizing device 31 and a high-pressure pipe 32, the storage pressurizing device is used for providing injection power, the upper end of the high-pressure pipe is connected with the storage pressurizing device, the lower end of the high-pressure pipe is connected with an input port of the overflow channel, and hot water is injected into a region with reduced reservoir temperature through the high-pressure pipe, the overflow channel and a liquid outlet to perform energy compensation on the region.
The self-entering compensation device is released in seawater, obtains higher speed through self gravity, and simultaneously drives the lower part of the high-pressure pipe to impact and enter the temperature-reduced zone layer.
The reservoir includes a gas hydrate reservoir a and a gas hydrate reservoir underburden B.
The hot water used in the high-pressure injection system can be sea surface hot water or a water source heated by solar energy or hot water produced by physical and chemical methods.
In this embodiment, a plurality of heat conduction systems 1 are circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the self-entering compensation device along the central position of the self-entering compensation device, and each heat conduction system comprises a seamless steel pipe and a liquid ammonia layer arranged on the inner lower part of the seamless steel pipe.
The heat conduction system is a gas-liquid two-phase convection circulation heat transfer device, the upper part of the seamless steel pipe is positioned in a stratum needing energy supplement, and the lower part of the seamless steel pipe is positioned in a stratum with relatively high temperature; liquid ammonia can be boiled and changed into gaseous ammonia to absorb heat when the lower part of the liquid ammonia is contacted with a high-temperature stratum, the gaseous ammonia moves upwards, and the gaseous ammonia is condensed and releases heat in the upper low-temperature environment and is changed into liquid ammonia again to flow back to the lower part of the liquid ammonia.
Liquid ammonia has different boiling points under different pressures, seals seamless steel pipe internal initial pressure in view of the above design, adaptable different natural gas hydrate exploitation environment for utilize the ability of ground temperature gradient heat transfer to reach the best effect.
In the present embodiment, the self-entering compensation device 2 comprises a tail member 21, a middle member 22 and a head member 23 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and lateral wings 24 are arranged on two sides of the middle member. The lower part of the head component is a sharp part.
In this embodiment, the flow passage 6 includes a vertical passage 61 and a plurality of horizontal passages 62, and the output ends of the horizontal passages are provided with liquid outlets; the vertical channel and the plurality of transverse channels are specifically arranged inside the middle member.
In this embodiment, a high-pressure pipe head connecting device 211 is disposed above the middle member, and the high-pressure pipe head connecting device is located inside the head member to connect the lower end of the high-pressure pipe with the flow passage.
In the embodiment, the side part of the high-pressure injection system is provided with an anchor cable control device 5, and the anchor cable control device is connected with a self-entering compensation device through a suspension anchor cable 4.
In the embodiment, the lubricating coating is coated on the outer side of the self-entering compensation device, so that the abrasion resistance and the self-lubricating capability can be effectively improved, the overall performance of the self-entering compensation device can be improved, seawater corrosion is avoided, and the service life is prolonged; preferably, the coating outside the self-entering compensation device is a nickel-based mixed particle composite coating.
In this embodiment, in operation:
1) after the mining is carried out to a certain degree, an area with large formation temperature reduction is selected as a working area according to mining requirements.
2) The self-entering compensation device is released in the sea at a certain height above a working area through a construction ship or a hoisting system on an original construction operation platform, and the self-entering compensation device mainly depends on gravity to generate a high speed in the falling process, breaks a reservoir through a sharp-pointed head and sinks into the reservoir.
3) After entering the stratum from the self-entering compensation device and being stable, the reservoir pressurizing device of the high-pressure injection system is used for pressurizing, hot water is injected into the stratum with reduced temperature from the liquid outlet through the high-pressure pipe and the overflowing pipeline, and the energy loss of the reservoir caused by the exploitation of the hydrate is compensated.
4) And after the mining operation is finished, the anchor cable control device is used for drawing and recovering the self-entering compensation device for repeated utilization.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another in a descriptive sense and are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a natural gas hydrate exploitation region stratum energy compensation arrangement which characterized in that, includes and is used for sinking to penetrating through compensation arrangement and the high-pressure injection system of going into certainly in the stratum, it is provided with the passageway that overflows to go into compensation arrangement inside certainly, the high-pressure injection system is including reservoir pressure device and the high-pressure pipe that is used for providing injection power, the high-pressure pipe upper end is connected with reservoir pressure device, the high-pressure pipe lower extreme with overflow the passageway input port and be connected.
2. The device for compensating the stratum energy in the natural gas hydrate production area according to claim 1, wherein a heat conduction system is arranged on the outer side of the self-entering compensation device, and the heat conduction system comprises a seamless steel pipe and a liquid ammonia layer arranged on the inner lower part of the seamless steel pipe.
3. The device for compensating the energy of the stratum of the natural gas hydrate exploitation region according to claim 2, wherein the self-entering compensation device comprises a tail component, a middle component and a head component which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, and side wings are arranged on two sides of the middle component.
4. The device for compensating the energy of the stratum of the natural gas hydrate production area according to claim 3, wherein the overflowing channel comprises a vertical channel and a plurality of transverse channels, and a liquid outlet is formed in the output end of each transverse channel.
5. The device for compensating the formation energy in the natural gas hydrate exploitation region according to claim 3, wherein a high-pressure pipe head connecting device is arranged above the middle member and used for connecting the lower end of the high-pressure pipe with the overflowing passage.
6. The device for compensating the stratum energy in the natural gas hydrate exploitation region according to claim 4, wherein an anchor cable control device is arranged on the side of the high-pressure injection system, and the anchor cable control device is connected with the self-entering compensation device through a hanging anchor cable.
7. A method of using the apparatus for compensating formation energy in a gas hydrate production zone according to claim 6, comprising the steps of: (1) after mining is carried out to a certain degree, selecting an area with a large formation temperature reduction as a working area according to mining requirements; (2) releasing a certain height of the self-entering compensation device above a working area into the sea through a construction ship or a hoisting system on an original construction operation platform, generating a higher speed mainly by means of gravity in the falling process, breaking a reservoir through a sharp-shaped head component, and sinking and penetrating; (3) after entering a reservoir from the self-entering compensation device and being stable, pressurizing by using a reservoir pressurizing device of a high-pressure injection system, injecting hot water into a temperature-reduced stratum from a liquid outlet after passing through a high-pressure pipe and an overflowing pipeline, and compensating for reservoir energy loss caused by hydrate exploitation; (4) when the upper part of the heat conduction system is positioned in a stratum requiring energy supplement and the lower part of the heat conduction system is positioned in a stratum with higher temperature, liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia layer can be boiled and changed into gaseous ammonia to absorb heat when contacting with a high-temperature stratum, the gaseous ammonia moves upwards, is condensed in an upper low-temperature environment to release heat, is changed into liquid ammonia again and flows back to the lower part, and the energy compensation is realized by utilizing the geothermal gradient heat transfer; (5) and after the mining operation is finished, the anchor cable control device is used for drawing and recovering the self-entering compensation device for repeated utilization.
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| CN202210094247.9A CN114320242A (en) | 2022-01-26 | 2022-01-26 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation area stratum energy compensation device and application method thereof |
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| CN105275436A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-27 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Natural gas acquiring device and method |
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| CN109736753A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-10 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of device and method using individual well jointly pressure type underground heat exploitation of gas hydrate |
| CN112343557A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-02-09 | 福州大学 | Sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation device and exploitation method |
| US20210254438A1 (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-19 | China University Of Petroleum (East China) | Well Structure for Natural Gas Hydrate Production |
| CN218265877U (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-01-10 | 福州大学 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation area stratum energy compensation device |
-
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- 2022-01-26 CN CN202210094247.9A patent/CN114320242A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105275436A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-01-27 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Natural gas acquiring device and method |
| CN108035699A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-15 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of system and method using seabed geothermal energy in-situ retorting gas hydrates |
| CN109736753A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-10 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of device and method using individual well jointly pressure type underground heat exploitation of gas hydrate |
| US20210254438A1 (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-19 | China University Of Petroleum (East China) | Well Structure for Natural Gas Hydrate Production |
| CN112343557A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-02-09 | 福州大学 | Sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation device and exploitation method |
| CN218265877U (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2023-01-10 | 福州大学 | Natural gas hydrate exploitation area stratum energy compensation device |
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