CN102630217B - 一种通过阳极氧化对水净化的设备 - Google Patents

一种通过阳极氧化对水净化的设备 Download PDF

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CN102630217B
CN102630217B CN200980161474.1A CN200980161474A CN102630217B CN 102630217 B CN102630217 B CN 102630217B CN 200980161474 A CN200980161474 A CN 200980161474A CN 102630217 B CN102630217 B CN 102630217B
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M·A·戈德麦尔
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于对水净化的设备,包括以下组件:(a)用于保留经净化的水的储备容器(10);(b)供水管(15),其从待净化的水通向储备容器(10);(c)其中在供水管(15)中设置用于水的阳极氧化的反应器(4);(d)储备容器(10)具有用于测量氧化还原电位的氧化还原传感器(5);以及(e)从供水管(15)到储备容器(10)的供水被设计为是间断的。

Description

一种通过阳极氧化对水净化的设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种通过阳极氧化对水净化的设备。阳极氧化通过一种呈现为极板组的所谓的电解槽进行,其中这种电解槽例如可以通过G.E.R.U.S公司购买到。利用这种形式为电解槽的阳极氧化反应器从溶解于水中的NaCL中制成游离氯,并由此形成对水消毒的次氯酸。就这点而言,该技术是公知的并且在此不需要进一步的解释。
背景技术
此外还已知一种所谓的氧化还原传感器。通过氧化还原传感器确定氧化还原电位—即电压,其中根据所测量电压的水平可以鉴于细菌污染物对水质进行说明。根据所测量的电压不能直接说明水中的氯含量,因为电压同样受到pH值以及水温的影响。当然,存在一种表格,从其中很明显推断出在某个电压下水质是好还是坏。这就是说,氧化还原电位可以说明水的消毒能力。这种氧化还原电位是一种非常弱且因此易受干扰的信号。
如在其他地方所述那样,通过阳极氧化对水净化是完全公开的。就此而言,已知一种包括两个水循环的对水净化的设备。在一个水循环中,水的氯化通过阳极氧化进行,而在与之明显隔开的第二个水循环中,氯化的水被引导入储备容器中。因此,氧化还原传感器不以任何方式和用于阳极氧化的反应器连接。根据现有技术,设备的管路消耗是很可观的。水净化设备尤其在发展中国家有需求,因此需要考虑尽可能便宜地生产这些设备,同时还要结实。而现有技术中存在的两个水循环,使得这种设备一方面易受干扰,另一方面非常昂贵。
因此本发明的任务在于,提供一种通过阳极氧化对水净化的设备,与现有技术相比,该设备通过构造唯一的水循环而可以被明显更简单且更便宜地制造。这就是说,该设备应当只使用唯一的水循环,该水循环既包括用于阳极反应的反应器又包括氧化还原传感器。
发明内容
本发明的第一实施例涉及一种用于对水净化的设备,包括以下组件:
(a)用于保留经净化的水的储备容器(10);
(b)供水管(15),其从待净化的水通向储备容器(10);
(c)其中在供水管(15)中设置用于水的阳极氧化的反应器(4);以及
(d)储备容器(10)具有用于测量氧化还原电位的氧化还原传感器(5),以及
(e)从供水管(15)到储备容器(10)的供水被设计为是间断的。
前述种类的装置即是只使用唯一的水循环、却有能力提供质量和数量都足够的经净化的引用水的装置。此外还为经净化的水设置储备容器,其中供水管从待净化的水导向储备容器,在供水管中设置用于水的阳极反应的反应器。氧化还原传感器在储备容器本身中,其例如可以从Jumo公司买到。通过这种氧化还原传感器进行所谓的氧化还原电位的测量,其中氧化还原电位显示了关于水质量或水品质的值。
如在其他地方所述的那样,氧化还原电位是一个非常弱并因而易于被干扰的信号。因为氧化还原传感器通过供水管并通过在容器中循环的水和反应器保持电连接,所以通过施加于反应器上的电压会歪曲氧化还原传感器的测量信号,使得其不适合作为说明水质量和水品质的值。就此而言,根据本发明,由供水管到储备容器的供水被构造为是间断的,使得在一方面位于储备容器中的氧化还原传感器和另一方面用于阳极氧化的反应器之间不存在电连接,这就是说,控制回路和负载回路之间没有电连接。控制回路包括传感器,尤其是氧化还原传感器;负载回路包括氧化反应器。
为了间断地向储备容器中供水,尤其设置了一个相应的装置,其例如可以构造为管,其中该管具有多个开口,通过这些开口,水以间断地射流或者水滴被送入储备容器中。在这种情况下也可以考虑将该装置构造为中断喷射水流的片或销子(Finger),其在喷射水流下以相应的速度旋转。
根据本发明的另一个特征,该设备设置有控制装置(Regelung),其中通过该控制装置可以根据氧化还原电位的大小对施加于反应器的电压进行控制。具体而言,该控制装置与位于供水管中的泵连接。这就是说,根据所测量的氧化还原电位、水的电导以及细菌污染物,施加于反应器的电压关于要通过泵输送的水量而被控制。为了避免储备容器溢出或者超过待储备水的规定的量,至少在储备容器中设置一个液位传感器。
此外,供水管具有流量计,其同样与控制连接。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明示例性地进一步描述。其中:
图1示出了用于对水净化的设备的图解;
图1a示出了用于形成间断的喷射水流的装置;
图1b示出了用于中断喷射水流的旋转的销子的示意图;
图2示出了控制装置。
具体实施方式
本发明的对象是对水净化的设备,其中这种设备尤其是应当用于发展中国家。在那里它可以作为可移动的设备用于准备饮用水。为这种设备配置电力供应,优选PV(光伏)发电机1,该发电机通过控制装置2为泵3以及阳极氧化反应器4供电。在阳极氧化反应器和控制装置之间设置DC/DC转换器6。氧化还原传感器5通过测量导线7和控制装置2连接。在储备容器10中设置的液位开关11和12通过其他的测量导线13和控制装置连接,其中控制装置通过导线14和泵连接。
标记为15、在其中还设置了流量计16的水管连接了泵3、阳极氧化反应器4、流量计16以及储备容器10。如已经实施的那样,氧化还原传感器5位于储备容器10中并且在那里测量氧化还原电位作为电压。测量值—亦即氧化还原电位,自身很弱,这样干扰直接导致测量值被歪曲,使得该测量值不再适合用来说明水质量。在这种情况下,水管15在其位于储备容器10上方的一端处设置有用于间断地输出水流的装置20。该用于间断地输出水流的装置可以根据图1a作为管件或圆筒,其设置多个开口21,使得可以以水滴状或者至少是间断地将水排放到储备容器10中。根据图1b在水流出口下方设置旋转的销子25,其持续地中断喷射水流。假设连续的水流从水管15到达储备容器10,则储备容器中的氧化还原反应器和阳极氧化反应器之间通过喷射水流形成电连接。这也就意味着,通过氧化反应器中的电压和电流引起的干扰将通过水传输到位于储备容器中的氧化还原传感器中。通过将喷射水流分解成子水流或着通过持续地短时间地中断射流,亦即将水间断地引导入储备容器中,就不再在氧化还原传感器和氧化反应器之间形成直接的连接。在这种情况下,氧化还原传感器上的干扰可以被完全地去除,其中尤其地,不需要为可能用于抑制干扰的特殊电路花费额外的费用。
图2示出的控制装置的作用如下:
如果在PV设备上的日照足够强,如果有足够的水用于净化并且储备容器10未满,则控制装置接通DC/DC转换器6和泵。根据水流,通过阳极氧化反应器预定电流额定值(ISoll)。由此通过控制装置生成相应的PWM信号,这样由DC/DC转换器生成的电压被加载到阳极反应器的板上,并且出现了取决于水的电导的电流IIst。通过在阳极反应器中的电流形成游离氯,其与水中存在的物质(细菌,灰尘等)发生反应并且通过氧化还原电位被测量。该电流与预定的氧化还原额定值比较并且增大或者减少预定的额定电流(ISoll)。通过电流传感器,电流(iist)持续地与额定电流(ISoll)比较并且在可能的情况下适配。细菌对系统的影响在控制装置侧被视为干扰值,并没有直接的测量数据基于其影响但是其值反应在氧化还原电位上。如果细菌菌落的数量很大,则需要或消耗更大量的氧化性物质,其导致氧化还原电压的下降。细菌实际上的介入可以被假设为几个小时的时间常数。这样氧化还原电位就成为系统真实的控制值。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于对水净化的设备,包括以下组件:
(a)用于保留经净化的水的储备容器(10);
(b)供水管(15),其从待净化的水通向储备容器(10);
(c)其中在供水管(15)中设置用于水的阳极氧化的反应器(4);以及
(d)储备容器(10)具有用于测量氧化还原电位的氧化还原传感器(5);以及
(e)从供水管(15)到储备容器(10)的供水被设计为是间断的。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中为了间断地将水输送到储备容器(10)中,供水管(15)在其出口处具有用于间断地输出水的装置(20)。
3.如权利要求2所述的设备,其中所述装置(20)被构造为具有多个开口(21)的管。
4.如权利要求2所述的设备,其中所述装置被构造为中断喷射水流的销子(25)。
5.如权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述设备具有控制装置(2),其中通过所述控制装置(2)根据氧化还原电位的大小、电导大小、所施加的水流大小以及细菌污染的程度来控制施加于反应器(4)的电压。
6.如权利要求5所述的设备,其中所述控制装置与位于供水管(15)中的泵(3)连接。
7.如权利要求5所述的设备,其中所述控制装置与位于储备容器(10)中的至少一个液位传感器(11、12)连接。
8.如权利要求5所述的设备,其中供水管(15)具有与所述控制装置相连的流量计(16)。
CN200980161474.1A 2009-09-18 2009-09-18 一种通过阳极氧化对水净化的设备 Expired - Fee Related CN102630217B (zh)

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US20120175271A1 (en) 2012-07-12
BR112012005959B1 (pt) 2019-04-30
CA2774111A1 (en) 2011-03-24
US9701550B2 (en) 2017-07-11
AU2009352613B2 (en) 2015-09-17
DE112009005258A5 (de) 2012-08-09
BR112012005959A2 (pt) 2016-03-15
EP2477951A1 (de) 2012-07-25
CN102630217A (zh) 2012-08-08
AU2009352613A1 (en) 2012-04-12
EP2477951B1 (de) 2019-01-23
ZA201201897B (en) 2012-11-28
CA2774111C (en) 2018-03-20

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