CN102629017A - 一种液晶显示装置及其驱动方法 - Google Patents

一种液晶显示装置及其驱动方法 Download PDF

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CN102629017A
CN102629017A CN201110234465XA CN201110234465A CN102629017A CN 102629017 A CN102629017 A CN 102629017A CN 201110234465X A CN201110234465X A CN 201110234465XA CN 201110234465 A CN201110234465 A CN 201110234465A CN 102629017 A CN102629017 A CN 102629017A
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liquid crystal
pixel electrode
array base
base palte
filter substrate
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鲁姣明
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201110234465XA priority Critical patent/CN102629017A/zh
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Priority to JP2014525296A priority patent/JP6193857B2/ja
Priority to EP12778024.5A priority patent/EP2597510A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/080106 priority patent/WO2013023579A1/zh
Priority to KR1020127030425A priority patent/KR20130029771A/ko
Priority to US13/698,421 priority patent/US9575342B2/en
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种液晶显示装置，用于提高液晶显示装置的透过率，同时可以获得较高的对比度及保持较低的成本。所述装置包括：彩色滤光片基板，阵列基板，及封装于所述彩色滤光片基板及阵列基板之间的液晶层；其中，所述阵列基板包括第一像素电极及第二像素电极，所述第一像素电极与所述第二像素电极间隔排列，且分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压。本发明还公开了用所述装置来实现液晶显示的方法。

Description

一种液晶显示装置及其驱动方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电子及光学领域，特别涉及一种液晶显示装置及其驱动方法。
背景技术
众所周知，现有的薄膜场效应晶体管液晶显示器(Thin Film TransistorLiquid Crystal Display，TFT-LCD)应用于便捷式终端设备的信息显示窗、笔记本电脑的图像显示器、膝上型计算机的监视器等信息显示装置中。TFT-LCD是目前唯一在亮度、对比度、功耗、寿命、体积和重量等综合性能上全面赶上并超过显像管显示器(CRT)的显示装置。它具有性能优良，自动化程度高等优点。
TFT-LCD技术已经较为成熟，长期困扰液晶平板显示器的三大难题：视角、色饱和度、亮度已经得到了解决。
现有技术中提出了一种基于IPS电极结构的、液晶是垂直取向的TBA(Transverse Bend Alignment，横向弯曲队列)模式，在TBA模式中，由于液晶是垂直取向的正性液晶，可以获得较高的对比度并保持较低的成本。如图1所示，相邻电极分别为像素电极5和公共电极1，公共电极1也带恒定的直流电压，则其与像素电极5之间的电势差较小，产生的水平电场的场强也较弱，不利于液晶分子向水平方向倾斜从而使透过率降低。因此TBA模式的缺点在于透过率较低，无法满足一些场合的需要。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种液晶显示装置及其驱动方法，用于提高液晶的透过率，同时可以获得较高的对比度。
一种液晶显示装置，包括：
彩色滤光片基板，阵列基板，及封装于所述彩色滤光片基板及阵列基板之间的液晶层；
其中，所述阵列基板包括至少一个第一像素电极及至少一个第二像素电极，所述第一像素电极与所述第二像素电极间隔排列，且分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压。
一种液晶显示装置驱动方法，应用于具有彩色滤光片基板，阵列基板，及封装于所述彩色滤光片基板及阵列基板之间的液晶层的液晶显示装置，所述阵列基板包括至少一个第一像素电极及至少一个第二像素电极，所述第一像素电极与所述第二像素电极间隔排列，将所述阵列基板上的第一像素电极及第二像素电极分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压。
本发明实施例中的液晶显示装置及其显示方法中，所述阵列基板包括第一像素电极及第二像素电极，所述第一像素电极与所述第二像素电极间隔排列，且分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压。增强了水平电场的场强，使液晶分子更加倾向于水平状态，从而提高液晶层的透过率。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中液晶显示装置的具体结构图；
图2为本发明实施例中液晶显示装置的主要结构图；
图3A为本发明实施例中液晶显示装置处于关闭状态时的示意图；
图3B为本发明实施例中液晶显示装置处于开启状态时的示意图；
图3C为本发明实施例中的像素平面示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中当公共电极为条状电极时液晶显示装置的具体结构图；
图5A为本发明实施例中对第一像素电极外加电压信号后的电压时序图；
图5B为本发明实施例中对第二像素电极外加电压信号后的电压时序图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例中的液晶显示装置包括彩色滤光片基板，阵列基板，及封装于所述彩色滤光片基板及阵列基板之间的液晶层；其中，所述阵列基板包括第一像素电极及第二像素电极，所述第一像素电极与所述第二像素电极间隔排列，且分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压。增强了水平电场的场强，使液晶分子更加倾向于水平状态，从而提高液晶层的透过率。
参见图2，本发明实施例中液晶显示装置包括：彩色滤光片基板201、阵列基板202及封装于所述彩色滤光片基板201及阵列基板202之间的液晶层203。具体的，本发明实施例中液晶显示的模式可称为PLVA(positive Liquidcrystal vertical alignment，正性液晶竖直配向)模式。
参见图3A，为本发明实施例中所述装置处于关闭状态，即断电时的示意图。图3B为本发明实施例中所述装置处于开启状态，即通电时的示意图。本发明实施例中以将所述装置放置于水平面为例来说明其结构，其中放置的位置为彩色滤光片基板201位于所述装置上侧、阵列基板202位于所述装置下侧。如果所述装置放置的位置发生改变，则该结构也相应发生旋转。其中，所述彩色滤光片基板201包括公共电极2011及覆盖于公共电极2011上的保护层2012，所述彩色滤光片基板201还包括第一取向层2013，在所述装置中，取向层分为两部分，分别位于液晶层203的上下两侧、其中位于液晶层203上侧的第一取向层2013位于彩色滤光片基板201内，且覆盖于保护层2012上，位于液晶层203下侧的第二取向层2021位于阵列基板202内，覆盖于像素电极上。图3C为本发明实施例中像素平面示意图。
所述阵列基板202包括位于液晶层203下侧的第二取向层2021、第一像素电极2022、第二像素电极2023及第二取向层2021下侧的钝化层2024。
公共电极2011位于所述彩色滤光片基板201上，覆盖于彩色滤光片上，公共电极2011所施加电压信号为恒定的直流电压信号。且公共电极2011可以采用透明的ITO(铟锡氧化物半导体)材料制作。
或者，如图4所示，公共电极2011也可以采用条状电极，这样可以提高透过率。
保护层2012覆盖于公共电极2011上，其作用是尽量减少公共电极2011与第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023之间的电势差所产生的竖直电场对液晶扭转产生影响。
位于液晶层203上侧的第一取向层2013位于彩色滤光片基板201内，覆盖于与保护层2012上，位于液晶层203下侧的第二取向层2021位于阵列基板202内，覆盖于第一像素电极2022及第二像素电极2023上。其中，第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023位于钝化层2024上。第一取向层2013及第二取向层2021的作用是使液晶分子均一取向。
液晶层203位于第一取向层2013及第二取向层2021之间，液晶层203中的液晶可以是负性液晶或正性液晶，较佳的，液晶层203中的液晶为正性液晶。正性液晶由于不像负性液晶具有较高的粘稠度，因此其响应速度较快，且价格便宜。由于第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023由同一层ITO以构图工艺制成，上面覆盖有第二取向层2021，因此液晶层104中的液晶分子在受到外加水平电场的作用下会发生扭转，倾向于呈水平排列，如此可以实现LCD的显示。但由于像素电极和公共电极2011之间存在电场，在液晶层104中外加电压时，既有竖直方向的电场也存在有水平方向的电场存在，位于水平方向的场强大于竖直方向的场强的位置的液晶分子会发生偏转，但有些液晶分子所处的位置可能水平方向场强只略微大于竖直方向场强，偏转角度可能较小，所处的位置水平方向场强越大则液晶分子越向水平方向偏转，倾向于呈水平排列。但可能还有部分液晶分子位于水平方向的场强小于或等于竖直方向的场强的位置，这部分液晶分子可能未发生偏转，仍然保持其竖直排列的状态。且由于工艺所限，无法使液晶分子达到标准水平排列，因此只能是液晶层104中的部分液晶分子近似于水平排列。本发明实施例中，在全黑时，即没有外加电源时，液晶为垂直取向。本发明实施例中，水平方向是指第一像素电极2022与第二像素电极2023之间所形成的电场的方向，垂直方向是指垂直于该水平方向的方向。
第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023上覆盖有第二取向层2021，其中，第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023间隔排列。本发明实施例中，可以对第一像素电极2022及第二像素电极2023分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压信号，则在通电时第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023在相同时刻会带极性相反的电压，例如，在T1时刻，第一像素电极2022可以带正电压，第二像素电极2023可以带负电压。如图5A所示为本发明实施例中对第一像素电极2022外加电压信号后的电压时序图，其中Vpixel1是指第一像素电极2022，Vcom为对公共电极外加的电压信号，其可以是直流信号。如图5B所示为本发明实施例中对第二像素电极2023外加电压信号后的电压时序图，其中Vpixel2是指第一像素电极2023。可见，在相同时刻，第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023所带有的是频率相同、振幅相同而相位相反的电压。在外加电压作用下，水平电场的场强较强，使液晶层203中的液晶分子在电场的作用下能更倾向于呈水平排列，从而提高LCD的透过率。其中，第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023可以采用ITO材料制作。本发明实施例中，所述第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023可以为直线型条状电极，也可以为弯曲的条状电极。
钝化层2024位于第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023的下侧。
以下介绍本发明实施例中液晶显示的方法。
在没有外加电压时，液晶分子规则的垂直排列于液晶层203中，此时液晶分子并不发生扭转。通电后，第一像素电极2022和第二像素电极2023之间以及公共电极产生电场，形成电势差，从而驱动液晶分子发生扭转。其中每个液晶分子所处位置的电场方向不完全一致，例如在图2中，液晶分子1所处的位置，其左侧为带正电的第一像素电极2022，右侧为带负电的第二像素电极2023，电场方向为由第一像素电极2022指向第二像素电极2023，则该液晶分子1由其自身右侧扭转至水平位置，液晶分子2所处的位置，其左侧为带负电的第二像素电极2023，右侧为带正电的第一像素电极2022，电场方向为由第一像素电极2022指向第二像素电极2023，则该液晶分子2由其自身左侧扭转至水平位置。在不同的驱动电压下，液晶层203会呈现出不同的透过率，所加的电压值越大，液晶层203中的液晶分子越是接近水平排列，则其透过率越高。但所加电压值不能过高，以防止烧坏所述装置。
本发明实施例中的液晶显示装置包括彩色滤光片基板，阵列基板，及封装于所述彩色滤光片基板及阵列基板之间的液晶层；其中，所述阵列基板包括第一像素电极及第二像素电极，所述第一像素电极与所述第二像素电极间隔排列，且分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压。增强了水平电场的场强，使液晶分子更倾向于水平状态(因绝对水平状态在工艺上无法实现，且可能还有部分液晶分子依然呈竖直状态，因此只能是更好地使其近似于水平状态)，从而提高液晶层的透过率。采用正性液晶分子，粘度低，响应速度快，且价格便宜。因液晶为垂直取向，不需要摩擦取向工艺，减少了暗态漏光，因此实现了高对比度。并且公共电极可以采用条状电极，以提高透过率，降低功耗，并且使公共电极与第一像素电极2022或第二像素电极2023之间因电势差而产生的电场对液晶分子的扭转所产生的影响更小。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (9)

1.一种液晶显示装置，其特征在于，包括：
彩色滤光片基板，阵列基板，及封装于所述彩色滤光片基板及阵列基板之间的液晶层；
其中，所述阵列基板包括至少一个第一像素电极及至少一个第二像素电极，所述第一像素电极与所述第二像素电极间隔排列，且分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述液晶层中包括正性液晶分子。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一像素电极及所述第二像素电极由同一层ITO以构图工艺制成。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一像素电极及所述第二像素电极为直线型条状电极。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一像素电极及所述第二像素电极采用铟锡氧化物半导体材料。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述液晶层中的液晶分子在没有外加电源时为垂直取向。
7.如权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述彩色滤光片基板包括公共电极，所述公共电极采用铟锡氧化物半导体材料。
8.一种液晶显示装置驱动方法，应用于具有彩色滤光片基板，阵列基板，及封装于所述彩色滤光片基板及阵列基板之间的液晶层的液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述阵列基板包括至少一个第一像素电极及至少一个第二像素电极，所述第一像素电极与所述第二像素电极间隔排列，将所述阵列基板上的第一像素电极及第二像素电极分别外加振幅相同、频率相同、相位相反的交流电压。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，在外加正负电压作用下，所述液晶层中位于水平方向场强大于竖直方向场强的位置的液晶分子近似于呈水平状态。
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