CN102626060B - Status measurement method of waterfowl habitat in natural reserve - Google Patents

Status measurement method of waterfowl habitat in natural reserve Download PDF

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CN102626060B
CN102626060B CN 201210089857 CN201210089857A CN102626060B CN 102626060 B CN102626060 B CN 102626060B CN 201210089857 CN201210089857 CN 201210089857 CN 201210089857 A CN201210089857 A CN 201210089857A CN 102626060 B CN102626060 B CN 102626060B
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孙锐
崔国发
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Beijing Forestry University
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Abstract

The invention provides a status measurement method of a waterfowl habitat in a natural reserve. Through the method, quantitative indexes of importance of a natural reserve as a waterfowl habitat can be provided, the priority status and the conservation value of the natural reserve are embodied, and the problems of priority status ranking and conservation value measurement of the natural reserve in the waterfowl habitat are effectively solved, so that reliable support is provided for a natural reserve conservation value evaluation technology. The invention discloses the waterfowl habitat status measurement method which plays an important indication role in embodying the priority status and the conservation value of the natural reserve. As an effective protection means for waterfowls, the natural reserve is required to be directly and quantitatively embodied in priority status conservation and conservation value. Therefore, the waterfowl habitat importance is quantified to form the indexes; and the status measurement method can be applied to the conservation value assessment work of the natural reserve so as to guide the setup, the construction and the management of the natural reserve.

Description

Nature reserve waterbird habitat situation metering method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ecological environmental protection field, is a kind of technical method that quantizes waterbird habitat importance, is applied to the nature reserve, the appraisal procedure that can directly be worth as protection of the nature reserve.
Background technology
Aquatic bird, especially Precious, Rare, Endangered aquatic bird are the important indicator species of wet land protection.
Habitat and the place of aquatic bird are just constantly destroyed and are faded away at present, have a strong impact on the existence of aquatic bird population, and cause the aquatic bird population quantity to fall sharply.Therefore, the waterbird habitat protection has been subjected to increasing concern.
The at present guard method of waterbird habitat is mainly to promote to implement effective protection by the foundation of nature reserve and corresponding nature reserve rank, so precedence and the conservation value of nature reserve in waterbird habitat directly affects waterbird habitat and effectively protect.
For providing its method of precedence and conservation value in waterbird habitat of quantitatively evaluating to become, the nature reserve needs the urgent problem that solves.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve nature reserve corresponding precedence and conservation value problem in the waterbird habitat protection; the invention provides a kind of nature reserve waterbird habitat situation metering method; the inventive method can provide the nature reserve as the quantification index of waterbird habitat importance; embody precedence and the conservation value of nature reserve; effectively solve precedence sequence and the conservation value measurement problem of nature reserve in waterbird habitat, thereby provide reliable support for protection of the nature reserve value assessment technology.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of nature reserve waterbird habitat situation metering method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the following steps:
(1) step 1: the aquatic bird species register that the Chinese aquatic bird species register that proposes according to " emphasis bird district, important natural cache, China's Mainland ", China national State Forestry Administration, P.R. China announces, determine the kind of aquatic bird.
(2) step 2: the utmost point danger CR, the EN in imminent danger that the clear and definite IUCN of World Conservation Union species Red List delimited, easily endanger VU, closely endanger NT and without five compromised grade aquatic birds of danger LC in the distribution in China kind; List national I level, II level focused protection aquatic bird species in " wild animals of national priority protection register " that clear and definite 1989 promulgate in; The focused protection aquatic bird species that clear and definite Chinese each province announces.According in " Chinese species Red List " and " birds in China classification and distribution register ", the birds species of step 1 being described, determine it at the distribution character of China, be divided into Chinese peculiar distribution, China and be edge distribution district four classes for main area, China for less important area and China.
(3) step 3: according to the birds residence type classified types of " birds in China classification and distribution register " and " Chinese animal geographical plot " for breed bird, the bird and migrate bird of surviving the winter, corresponding habitat is followed successively by breeding spot, wintering ground and migrates ground.
(4) step 4: according to step 1,2 species information, adopt geometric series method to the compromised grade of difference and lay special stress on protecting other aquatic bird species of level and carry out assignment, namely a rear ratio number with last is constant, set the highest assignment 8, constant gets 2, and ordered series of numbers is (8,4,2,1); Concrete assignment is as follows:
1. different compromised grade aquatic bird kinds of the IUCN of World Conservation Union species Red List: utmost point danger grade CR aquatic bird species, 8; Grade EN aquatic bird species in imminent danger, 4; Easy danger grade VU aquatic bird species, 2; Nearly danger NT grade and without danger LC grade aquatic bird species, 1.
2. difference is laid special stress on protecting rank aquatic bird kinds: national I level is laid special stress on protecting aquatic bird species, 8; The II of country level is laid special stress on protecting aquatic bird species, 4; Provincial Key protection aquatic bird species, 2; Non-focused protection aquatic bird species, 1.
3. the birds of all kinds of distribution characters: Chinese peculiar distribution aquatic bird species, 8; China is the species of main area, 4; China is the aquatic bird species of less important area, 2; China is the aquatic bird species in edge distribution district, 1.
(5) step 5: according to step 3, establish the irreplaceable sex index of nature reserve waterbird habitat; Be 1 nature reserve unit, 1 habitat, as certain type habitat of certain aquatic bird. the high assignment of irreplaceability index is 100, if the nature reserve is the unique habitat of certain type of certain aquatic bird, this nature reserve assignment 100; If there are 2 nature reserves to be certain type habitat of certain aquatic bird, the assignment 50 of each nature reserve; If there are 20 nature reserves to be certain type habitat of certain aquatic bird, the assignment 5 of each nature reserve.The like, the 100 nature reserve numbers divided by certain type habitat of certain aquatic bird are nature reserve waterbird habitat importance values.
(6) step 6: can set up nature reserve waterbird habitat significance index computing formula according to step 4,5:
H R = Σ q = 1 3 Σ i = 1 m [ T qji · P qki . E qli · ( 100 N qi ) ]
H RBe the significance index of nature reserve R as waterbird habitat.
T qjiFor the q type habitat of aquatic bird i is breeding spot, wintering ground and the assignment of migrating the compromised grade of j level of ground 3 classes, be respectively 8,4,2 or 1, successively corresponding utmost point danger grade CR, grade EN in imminent danger, easily endanger grade VU, " the NT grade of closely endangering and without danger LC grade ".
P qkiLay special stress on protecting assignment for the k level of the q type habitat of aquatic bird i, be respectively 8,4,2 or 1, corresponding national I level is laid special stress on protecting successively, national II level is laid special stress on protecting, Provincial Key protection, non-focused protection.
E qliAssignment for the l class distribution character of the q type habitat of aquatic bird i is respectively 8,4,2 or 1, and corresponding distribution character is that Chinese peculiar distribution, China are the edge distribution district for main area, China for less important area, China.
Nqi has N nature reserve as the q type habitat of aquatic bird i.
M is the aquatic bird kind number of nature reserve R.
The peculiar degree that the meaning of significance index is to take into full account the compromised degree of aquatic bird, lays special stress on protecting rank and geographical distribution; and retain what situation in conjunction with the Different types of habitats of different aquatic birds, reflect that the nature reserve is as the conservation value of waterbird habitat and the effect of aquatic bird habitat protection.
Its number range be (0 ,+∞), the larger explanation of significance index selects certain nature reserve abundanter as the aquatic bird kind of habitat, and approximate nature reserve is rare, this nature reserve is more important as the effect of waterbird habitat performance; Otherwise, more inessential.
Waterbird habitat has important indicative function to embodying protection of the nature reserve value.The nature reserve needs embodiment priority protection status and the conservation value that quantizes directly perceived as effective salvo of aquatic bird.So the present invention quantizes to form index with waterbird habitat importance, can be applied to the sequence of priority protection status, nature reserve and conservation value evaluation work.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of nature reserve waterbird habitat situation metering method, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the following steps:
If take certain nature reserve as example:
(1) step 1: the aquatic bird species register that the Chinese aquatic bird species that propose according to " emphasis bird district, important natural cache, China's Mainland ", China national State Forestry Administration, P.R. China announces, determine the kind of nature reserve aquatic bird;
(2) step 2: determine to belong to the utmost point danger CR, EN in imminent danger that the IUCN of World Conservation Union species Red List delimit, easily endanger VU, near endanger NT and be made as respectively a kind, a kind, a kind, 2 kinds without the aquatic bird species of five compromised grades of danger LC; Determine to list national I level in " wild animals of national priority protection register " in, the II level is laid special stress on protecting the aquatic bird species and is set as respectively a kind, 2 kinds, determines to belong to the focused protection aquatic bird species that announce in the province under this nature reserve, sets 2 kinds; According in " Chinese species Red List " and " birds in China classification and distribution register ", the birds species of step 1 being described, determine it at the distribution character of China, a kind for the edge distribution district that is respectively a kind of Chinese peculiar distribution, China for a kind of main area, China for 2 kinds of less important area, China.(seeing the following form)
Figure BSA00000693728600041
(3) step 3: determine the habitat information of nature reserve aquatic bird species, the nature reserve as 2 kinds of breeding spots, 2 kinds of wintering grounds, migrate ground a kind; (seeing the above table)
(4) step 4: according to step 1,2 species information, the compromised grade of difference, the aquatic bird species of laying special stress on protecting rank and distribution character are carried out assignment.
(5) step 5: according to step 3, establish the irreplaceable sex index of nature reserve waterbird habitat.If species 1 have 10 nature reserves as the breeding spot; Species 2 have 10 nature reserves as wintering ground; Species 3 have 10 nature reserves as migrating ground; Species 4 have 100 nature reserves as the breeding spot; Species 5 have 100 nature reserves as wintering ground.
(6) step 6: according to step 4,5, utilize nature reserve waterbird habitat significance index computing formula to calculate:
H R = Σ q = 1 3 Σ i = 1 m [ T qji · P qki . E qli · ( 100 N qi ) ]
Concrete calculating:
The A breeding spot:
Species 1:8 * 8 * 8 * (100/10)=5120;
Species 4:1 * 2 * 1 * (100/100)=2;
The B wintering ground:
Species 2:4 * 4 * 4 * (100/10)=640;
Species 5:1 * 2 * 2 * (100/100)=4
C migrates ground:
Species 3:2 * 4 * 2 * (100/10)=160;
H R = 5122 + 644 + 160 = 76.98
The rare degree that the meaning of significance index is to take into full account the compromised degree of aquatic bird, lays special stress on protecting rank and geographical distribution; and retain what situation in conjunction with the Different types of habitats of different aquatic birds, reflect that the nature reserve is as the conservation value of waterbird habitat and the effect of aquatic bird habitat protection.
Its number range be (0 ,+∞), the larger explanation of significance index selects certain nature reserve abundanter as the aquatic bird kind of habitat, and approximate nature reserve is rare, the nature reserve is more important as the effect of waterbird habitat performance; Otherwise, more inessential.
Waterbird habitat has important indicative function to the conservation value that embodies the nature reserve.The nature reserve needs the ground that quantizes directly perceived to embody priority protection status and conservation value as effective salvo of aquatic bird.So the present invention quantizes to form index with waterbird habitat importance, can be applied to the sequence of priority protection status, nature reserve and the work of conservation value qualitative assessment.
It should be noted that at last: obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention clearly is described, and is not the restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give all embodiments exhaustive.And the apparent variation that goes out in drawing thus or change still are among protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a nature reserve waterbird habitat situation metering method, is characterized in that, described method comprises the following steps:
(1) step 1: the Chinese aquatic bird species that propose according to " emphasis bird district, important natural cache, China's Mainland ", and the aquatic bird species register announced of China national State Forestry Administration, P.R. China, determine the kind of aquatic bird;
(2) step 2: the utmost point danger CR, the EN in imminent danger that the clear and definite IUCN of World Conservation Union species Red List delimited, easily endanger VU, near endanger NT and without the aquatic bird of five compromised grades of the danger LC kind at distribution in China; The aquatic bird kind that the national I level of listing in " wild animals of national priority protection register " that clear and definite 1989 promulgate, II level are laid special stress on protecting; The focused protection aquatic bird kind that clear and definite Chinese each province announces; According in " Chinese species Red List " and " birds in China classification and distribution register ", the birds species of step 1 being described, determine it at the distribution character of China, be divided into Chinese peculiar distribution, China and be distribution four classes in border district for main area, China for less important area and China;
(3) step 3: according to the birds residence type classified types of " birds in China classification and distribution register " and " Chinese animal geographical plot " for breed bird, the bird and migrate bird of surviving the winter, corresponding habitat is followed successively by breeding spot, wintering ground and migrates ground;
(4) step 4: according to step 1,2 aquatic bird species information, adopt geometric series method to carry out assignment to the aquatic bird species of difference grade in imminent danger and different protection class, namely a rear ratio number with last is constant, set the highest assignment 8, constant gets 2, and ordered series of numbers is (8,4,2,1);
Concrete assignment is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The aquatic bird kind of the different compromised grades of the IUCN of World Conservation Union species Red List: utmost point danger grade CR aquatic bird species, 8; Grade EN aquatic bird species in imminent danger, 4; Easy danger grade VU aquatic bird species, 2; Nearly danger NT grade and without danger LC grade aquatic bird species, 1;
Figure 902706DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
The different grade aquatic bird kinds of laying special stress on protecting: country
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
Level is laid special stress on protecting aquatic bird species, 8; Country
Figure 757530DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Level is laid special stress on protecting aquatic bird species, 4; Provincial Key protection aquatic bird kind, 2; Non-focused protection aquatic bird kind, 1;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
The birds of different distributions characteristic: Chinese peculiar distribution aquatic bird species, 8; China is the aquatic bird species of main area, 4; China is the aquatic bird species of less important area, 2; China is the aquatic bird species in edge distribution district, 1;
(5) step 5: according to step 3, establish the irreplaceable sex index of nature reserve waterbird habitat, 1 nature reserve as 1 waterbird habitat unit, as certain type habitat of certain aquatic bird; The high assignment of irreplaceability index is 100, if the nature reserve is the unique habitat of certain type of certain aquatic bird, the nature reserve assignment 100; If there are 2 nature reserves to be certain type habitat of certain aquatic bird, assignment 50; If there are 20 nature reserves to be certain type habitat of certain aquatic bird, assignment 5; The like, the 100 nature reserve numbers divided by certain type habitat of certain aquatic bird are the irreplaceable sex index of nature reserve waterbird habitat;
(6) step 6: can set up nature reserve waterbird habitat significance index computing formula according to step 4,5:
?
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
H RBe the significance index of nature reserve R as waterbird habitat;
T qjiFor the q type habitat of aquatic bird i is breeding spot, wintering ground and the assignment of migrating the compromised grade of j level of ground 3 classes, be respectively 8,4,2 or 1, successively corresponding utmost point danger grade CR, grade EN in imminent danger, easily endanger grade VU, " the NT grade of closely endangering and without danger LC grade ";
P qkiLay special stress on protecting the assignment of grade for the k level of the q type habitat of aquatic bird i, be respectively 8,4,2 or 1, corresponding national I level is laid special stress on protecting successively, national II level is laid special stress on protecting, Provincial Key protection, non-focused protection;
E qliAssignment for the l class distribution character of the q type habitat of aquatic bird i is respectively 8,4,2 or 1, and to be Chinese peculiar distribution, China be the edge distribution district for less important area or China for main area, China to corresponding distribution character successively;
Nqi has N nature reserve as the q type habitat of aquatic bird i;
M is the aquatic bird kind number that nature reserve R distributes;
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CN110330110B (en) * 2019-08-02 2021-09-14 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 Wetland water level regulation and control value determination method suitable for aquatic bird habitation

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