CN103778338B - A kind of nature reserve area, land landscape reservation value calculation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of computational methods being specifically designed to assessment nature reserve area, land landscape reservation value; particularly can quantify the landscape reservation of nature reserve area, land objectively to be worth; provide nature reserve area, land landscape reservation value index nember; the landscape reservation sorting out value of same type nature reserve area can be realized, strengthen the comparability that nature reserve area landscape reservation is worth。

Description

A kind of nature reserve area, land landscape reservation value calculation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to conservation of nature field, particularly relate to nature reserve area, the land landscape reservation value calculation method of forest ecosystem, grassland and the type such as meadow ecosystem, desert ecosystem。

Background technology

The size that protection of the nature reserve is worth acts not only as the judgment criteria setting up nature reserve area, also becomes and weighs nature reserve area whether this foundation preferentially built。At present, conservation value assessment in China's Natural Reserves is based on " the Nature Reserve review standards of designing " that national environmental protection portion issues。This appraised index by natural quality, can protect attribute and conservative management basis three parts form。Nature reserve area, land natural quality relates to typicality, vulnerability, multiformity, rarity, 5 indexs of naturality, and attribute and conservative management basis two parts index can be protected to comprise 6 indexs such as scientific value, economy and social value, mechanism's setting and staffing, border delimitation and allocation of landownership and land use right, element task and management condition。This review standards of designing is easy and simple to handle, and by Experts consultation method to indices assignment, assessment protection of the nature reserve is worth。

But; nature reserve area, land is as the important habitat of animals and plants; no matter its size is often in the landscape mosaic strongly affect species long term survival, and the view of nature reserve area forms and spatial framework creates material impact for ecological processes such as dynamic, the propagation of plant seed of animal population, Predator and the interaction of prey, syndynamics。Assessment land protection of the nature reserve is worth and is considered as bigger yardstick-view。And composition and the spatial framework of nature reserve area, land view are not directed to by above-mentioned review standards of designing, and above-mentioned reviewing method adopts the mode of expert consulting marking, relies heavily on the subjective judgment of expert, lacks objectivity。At present, land nature reserve area landscape reservation value can be weighed quantitatively, objectively but without way。

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above; the invention provides a kind of computational methods being specifically designed to assessment nature reserve area, land landscape reservation value; particularly can quantify the landscape reservation of nature reserve area, land objectively to be worth; provide nature reserve area, land landscape reservation value index nember; the landscape reservation sorting out value of same type nature reserve area can be realized, strengthen the comparability that nature reserve area landscape reservation is worth。

For achieving the above object, the present invention takes techniques below scheme, and described method comprises the following steps:

(1) step 1: 1. landscape types divides。Set up nature reserve area landscape classification system, be divided into 8 one-level classes, 33 two grades of classes and 85 three grades of classes (table 1)。According to evaluated nature reserve area, land type, divide concrete landscape types with reference to above-mentioned taxonomic hierarchies。

2. the determination of protectiveness view and Human disturbance landscape types。Character according to nature reserve area, land and type, it is determined that concrete protectiveness view and Human disturbance landscape types。Protectiveness view refers to nature reserve area, land master landscape types to be protected, including the habitat of natural ecosystems and rare and endangered species of wild animals and plants。Human disturbance view refers to manmade landscape, artificial landscape's type that natural ecosystems and wild animals and plants habitat are interfered and destroyed。

(2) step 2: make landscape types spatial distribution map。GIS software is utilized to make nature reserve area landscape types spatial distribution map。

(3) step 3: 1. merge adjacent protectiveness landscape patch。Landscape types spatial distribution map is cancelled the demarcation line between adjacent protectiveness landscape map speckle, adjacent protectiveness view is merged and forms a speckle。If there is wire gauze etc. between adjacent protectiveness landscape types be manually permanently sequestered the factor, the adjacent protectiveness view of this type being treated as the speckle being isolated from each other and is not involved in merging。

2. protectiveness landscape mosaic spatial distribution map is made。For the protectiveness landscape patch after merging, if owing to transportation land used causes being not attached to each other, disjunct protectiveness landscape patch being done further merging treatment according to the regulation in table 2。Protectiveness landscape patch after processing further as protectiveness landscape mosaic and is made protectiveness landscape mosaic spatial distribution map, adds up area and the girth of each protectiveness landscape mosaic。Further merging treatment; mainly consider that protectiveness view is formed without substantial isolation by the artificial interference landscape types such as Class IV highway, forest highway, road; therefore, disjunct protectiveness landscape patch is merged the speckle that formation exists with many partial elements form by spatial manipulation。

(4) step 4: calculate the overall fragmentation degree of protectiveness view。Adopt the fragmentation index metering overall fragmentation degree of protectiveness view, based on land protection of the nature reserve landscape mosaic spatial distribution map, calculate the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view (FI):

$\mathrm{FI}=1-\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\left(\frac{S_j}{S}\right)$ ①

In formula:

FI is the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view, and between 0-1, its value is more big, and protectiveness view more tends to broken generally, and its integrity is more poor；

S_jArea for jth protectiveness landscape mosaic；

S is the gross area of protectiveness view；

N is the number of protectiveness landscape mosaic；

(5) step 5: calculate protectiveness view edge effect intensity。Adopt Area-weighted fractal dimension (FDI) to measure protectiveness view edge effect intensity, be calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{FDI}=\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\frac{S_j}{S}\·{\mathrm{FDI}}_j)$ ②

${\mathrm{FDI}}_j=\frac{2\lg \left(0.25P_j\right)}{\lg S_j}$ ③

In formula:

FDI is protectiveness view Area-weighted fractal dimension, and theoretical value is between 1-2, and FDI value is close to 1, it was shown that protectiveness view overall shape tends to regular, simple；FDI value is more big, and protectiveness view overall shape is more complicated, it was shown that edge effect is more strong, and correspondingly mankind's activity is more big to the interference effect degree of protection of the nature reserve object by protectiveness landscape mosaic border；

FDI_jFractal dimension for jth protectiveness landscape mosaic；

S_jArea for jth protectiveness landscape mosaic；

S is the gross area of protectiveness view；

P_jGirth for jth protectiveness landscape mosaic；

N is the number of protectiveness landscape mosaic；

Lg is denary logarithm；

(6) step 6: calculate protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency and crucial landscape types space contiguity。

1. for forest ecosystem type nature reserve area, calculate protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency, protect kind of protected area effectiveness and typical vegetation protected area effectiveness including umbrella。By area efficiency index metering area effectiveness size, it is calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{AEI}=\frac{1}{2}(\mathrm{UEI}+\mathrm{VEI})$ ④

Wherein:

$\mathrm{UEI}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{j=1}^m{S}_{\mathrm{ej}}}{\mathrm{TS}}$ ⑤

$\mathrm{VEI}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{j=1}^m{S}_{\mathrm{ej}}^{\′}}{\mathrm{TS}}$ ⑥

In formula:

AEI is protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency index, and its value, between 0-1, is that umbrella protects kind of protected area effectiveness and the concentrated expression of typical vegetation protected area effectiveness；

UEI is that umbrella protects kind of a protected area Effective exponent, reflects and maintenance umbrella is protected the gross area size that kind of minimum population long term survival plays the protectiveness landscape mosaic of useful effect；

VEI is typical vegetation protected area Effective exponent, reflects the gross area size to the protectiveness landscape mosaic resisting serious fire, disaster caused by a windstorm interference performance useful effect；

S_ejProtect, to maintaining umbrella, the area that kind of minimum population long term survival plays the protectiveness landscape mosaic of useful effect for jth, protect kind of minimum population long term survival and play the protectiveness landscape mosaic of useful effect to maintaining umbrella and refer to that area protects kind the protectiveness landscape mosaic of most I survival area be more than or equal to umbrella；

S’_ejOpposing severe jamming plays the area of the protectiveness landscape mosaic of useful effect for jth, and the protectiveness landscape mosaic that opposing severe jamming plays useful effect refers to that area is subject to the average disposable deforestation area after severe jamming be more than or equal to typical vegetation；

TS is the gross area of nature reserve area；

M is the number of the protectiveness landscape mosaic playing useful effect。

2. for grassland and grassy marshland, desert ecosystem type nature reserve area, crucial landscape types space contiguity is calculated。Crucial landscape types refers to the landscape types as key factor of the habitat such as water source in nature reserve area。Adopt the space contiguity of the crucial landscape types of spatial connectivity index (CI) metering。Spatial connectivity index (CI) is calculated as follows:

$\mathrm{CI}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{j\≠k}^n{c}_{\mathrm{jk}}}{n(n-1)/2}$ ⑦

CI is crucial landscape types connectivity index; calculating process needs the day range of activity according to nature reserve area master wild animal kind to be protected; the umbrella such as carnivore being particularly in food chain top in nature reserve area protects kind, sets the space scale calculated day diffusion length r as connectivity index。CI is between 0-1, and its value is more big, it was shown that crucial landscape types connectedness within the scope of space scale r is more strong, and correspondingly to protect kind of the resistance of diffusion movable in nature reserve area also more little for umbrella；CI can calculate by software FRAGSTATS, FRAGSTATS is developed by branch school, masschusetts, u.s.a university Amherst, is specifically designed to the computer software analyzing Spatial Patterns of Landscapes, current edition is FRAGSTATSv4, and software can pass through the free download of official website of University of Massachusetts and use。

c_jkFor within the scope of space scale r, the connection status of crucial landscape types speckle j and k, work as c_jk=1, speckle j and k is connected, and works as c_jk=0, speckle j and k is not connected to；

N is the speckle number of crucial landscape types；

(7) step 7: calculate nature reserve area, land landscape reservation value index nember。

1. forest ecosystem type nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, adopts geometric method to build, and computational methods are as follows:

$\mathrm{PVI}=\sqrt[3]{(1-\mathrm{FI})\·(2-\mathrm{FDI})\·\mathrm{AEI}}\×100$ ⑧

In formula:

PVI is nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, is on landscape level, and umbrella is protected the concentrated expression of kind and typical vegetation conservation value by nature reserve area, and its value, between 0-100, is worth more big, and nature reserve area landscape reservation is worth more big；

FI is the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view；

FDI is protectiveness view Area-weighted fractal dimension；

AEI is protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency index；

100 is conversion constant, takes advantage of 100 by between the codomain range widening of PVI to 0-100。

2. grassland and grassy marshland, desert ecosystem type nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, adopts geometric method to build the computing formula of nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember and PVI:

$\mathrm{PVI}=\sqrt[3]{\frac{S}{\mathrm{TS}}\·\frac{(1-\mathrm{FI})+(2-\mathrm{FDI})}{2}\·\mathrm{CI}}\×100$ ⑨

In formula,

PVI is nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, and between 0-100, its value is more big, and nature reserve area landscape reservation is worth more high；

S is the gross area of protectiveness view；

TS is the gross area of nature reserve area；

FI is the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view;

FDI is protectiveness view Area-weighted fractal dimension;

CI is crucial landscape types connectivity index；

100 is conversion constant, takes advantage of 100 by between the codomain range widening of PVI to 0-100。Beneficial effect

(1) according to nature reserve area, land type, give nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, reflect nature reserve area landscape reservation value objectively, quantitatively；

(2) the quantification judgement that nature reserve area landscape reservation is worth is achieved, it is possible to the landscape reservation of same type nature reserve area is worth and is ranked up, strengthen the comparability that nature reserve area landscape reservation is worth。

Accompanying drawing explanation

Accompanying drawing 1 is Changbai mountain, Jilin Nature Reserve landscape types spatial distribution map；

Accompanying drawing 2 is Changbai mountain, Jilin Nature Reserve protectiveness landscape mosaic spatial distribution map。

Detailed description of the invention

For Changbai mountain, Jilin Nature Reserve, forest ecosystem type nature reserve area, the invention provides the appraisal procedure that the landscape reservation of a kind of nature reserve area is worth, described method comprises the following steps:

(1) step 1: 1. based on nature reserve area landscape classification system (table 1), Landscape Characteristics in conjunction with Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve, determine the landscape types that Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve is concrete: 0111 wildwood, 0112 artificial forest, 0121 natural opening, 0131 natural spinney, 0142 artificial afforestration is not grown into forest, 0211 natural meadow, 0331 permanent fresh water lake, 0511 exposed soil ground, 0531 naked rock gravel ground, 0631 nonirrigated farmland, 0711 orchard, 0811 business takes ground, 0823 warehouse land, 0842 scenic spot facilities land, 0843 public facilities, 0844 other public land, 0853 other special use area, 0862 highway land, 0863 forest highway, 0871 irrigation canals and ditches, 22 kinds of three grades of views such as 0872 waterwork land used and 0881 facility farming land。

2. the main protection object according to Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve determines protectiveness view and Human disturbance landscape types。Wherein, protectiveness view includes: 0111 wildwood, 0112 artificial forest, 0121 natural opening, 0131 natural spinney, 0142 artificial afforestration do not become 7 kinds of types such as forest land, 0211 natural meadow and 0331 permanent fresh water lake。

(2) step 2: based on the ZY-02C remote sensing image data combined ground survey data of 2012, interpretation Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve landscape types, utilize GIS software ArcMap to make landscape scattergram (accompanying drawing 1)。

(3) step 3: 1. utilize ArcMap software, cancels the demarcation line between adjacent protectiveness landscape map speckle in landscape types spatial distribution map, adjacent protectiveness view is merged and forms a speckle。

2. cause disjunct protectiveness landscape patch to do further merging treatment to by forest highway, generate the speckle existed with many partial elements form。Protectiveness landscape patch after processing further as protectiveness landscape mosaic and is made protection of the nature reserve landscape mosaic spatial distribution map (accompanying drawing 2), adds up each protectiveness landscape mosaic bulk area and girth (table 3)。

(4) step 4: 1. calculate the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view according to formula: $\mathrm{FI}=1-\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\left(\frac{S_j}{S}\right)=0.66;$

(5) step 5: according to formula 3., calculates the fractal dimension of each speckle of protectiveness landscape mosaic, is more 2. calculated protectiveness view Area-weighted fractal dimension by formula:

$\mathrm{FDI}=\underset{j=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}(\frac{S_j}{S}\·{\mathrm{FDI}}_j)=1.06$

(6) step 6:

1. choose top carnivore northeastern tiger and protect kind as the umbrella of Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve。1 male tiger, 3-4 tigress are basic diaspore, i.e. a northeastern tiger minimum population。With reference to tigress territory 488 ± 166km²With hero tiger territory 1205 ± 431km², the minimum area maintaining 3 tigress existence is 966-1962km², this area of neighborhood covering of 1 male tiger。Therefore, the most I survival area of northeastern tiger is at least 966km²。The maximum area of protectiveness landscape mosaic complete in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve is only 931.75km², according to formula 5., calculate umbrella and protect kind of a protected area Effective exponent: $\mathrm{UEI}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{j=1}^m{S}_{\mathrm{ej}}}{\mathrm{TS}}=\frac{0}{196465.00}=0.$

2. Broad_leaved Korean pine forest and typical vegetation type that cloud fir-needle woods is Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve, disaster caused by a windstorm is the main conflicting mode of vegetation, the average disposable deforestation area according to serious disaster caused by a windstorm in the past, it is determined that 10,000 hm²The protectiveness landscape mosaic bulk area of useful effect is played for disaster caused by a windstorm can be resisted。According to formula 6., typical vegetation protected area Effective exponent is calculated:

$\mathrm{VEI}=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{j=1}^m{S}_{\mathrm{ej}}^{\′}}{\mathrm{TS}}=\frac{93175.08+61954.70+18421.80+17395.00}{196465.00}=0.97;$

3. protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency index is calculated, according to formula 4., $\mathrm{AEI}=\frac{1}{2}(\mathrm{UEI}+\mathrm{VEI})=\frac{1}{2}(0+0.97)=0.49;$

(7) step 7: 8. calculate landscape reservation value index nember in nature reserve area according to formula:

$\mathrm{PVI}=\sqrt[3]{(1-0.66)\·(2-1.06)\·0.49}\×100=53.90.$ Result of calculation shows: owing to the area of complete protectiveness landscape mosaic can not meet the requirement of the most I survival area of northeastern tiger; namely northeastern tiger protected area effectiveness is 0, and Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve does not possess umbrella and protects the landscape value of kind of northeastern tiger。Landscape reservation value index nember in nature reserve area only reflects the conservation value to typical vegetation。

Table 1 nature reserve area landscape types coding and title

Table 1 nature reserve area landscape types coding and title (Continued)

Table 1 nature reserve area landscape types coding and title (Continued)

The isolation of the dissimilar Human disturbance view of table 2. and to the processing mode being not attached to protectiveness landscape patch

Note: in table, the classification of highway land is with reference to highway technical standard (JTGB01-2003)。

Table 3. Changbai mountain, Jilin Nature Reserve protectiveness landscape mosaic bulk area and girth

Speckle	Area/hm2	Girth/km
			1	93175.08	217.83
2	61954.70	208.81
			3	18421.80	81.66
4	17395.00	77.29
			5	986.21	19.19
6	974.86	26.53
			7	783.14	11.94
8	418.24	10.25
			9	179.39	6.15
10	65.20	18.36
			11	61.12	13.05
12	44.55	9.32
			13	39.71	5.93
14	15.92	3.04
			15	12.92	1.70　 9 -->
16	12.77	2.88
			17	6.91	2.29
18	4.90	0.99
			19	4.43	2.84
20	3.33	0.77
			21	2.92	1.18
22	2.37	0.95
			23	1.25	1.35
24	0.31	0.40
			25	0.23	0.37
26	0.03	0.07
			Collect	194567.30	725.16

Last it is noted that obvious, above-described embodiment is only for clearly demonstrating the application example, and is not the restriction to embodiment。For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description。Here without also cannot all of embodiment be given exhaustive。And among the apparent change thus amplified out or the variation protection domain still in the application type。

Claims (1)

1. land nature reserve area landscape reservation value calculation method, it is characterised in that said method comprising the steps of:

Step 1: 1. landscape types divides, and sets up nature reserve area landscape classification system, is divided into 8 one-level classes, 33 two grades of classes and 85 three grades of classes, according to evaluated nature reserve area, land type, divide concrete landscape types with reference to above-mentioned taxonomic hierarchies；

2. the determination of protectiveness view and Human disturbance landscape types; character according to nature reserve area, land and type; determine concrete protectiveness view and Human disturbance landscape types; protectiveness view refers to nature reserve area, land master landscape types to be protected; including the habitat of natural ecosystems and rare and endangered species of wild animals and plants, Human disturbance view refers to manmade landscape, artificial landscape's type that natural ecosystems and wild animals and plants habitat are interfered and destroyed；

Step 2: make landscape types spatial distribution map, utilizes GIS software to make nature reserve area landscape types spatial distribution map；

Step 3: 1. merge adjacent protectiveness landscape patch; landscape types spatial distribution map is cancelled the demarcation line between adjacent protectiveness landscape map speckle; adjacent protectiveness view is merged and forms a speckle; if there is wire gauze between adjacent protectiveness landscape types be manually permanently sequestered the factor, the adjacent protectiveness view of this type being treated as the speckle being isolated from each other and is not involved in merging；

2. protectiveness landscape mosaic spatial distribution map is made, for the protectiveness landscape patch after merging, if owing to transportation land used causes being not attached to each other, disjunct protectiveness landscape patch is done further merging treatment, protectiveness landscape patch after processing further as protectiveness landscape mosaic and is made protectiveness landscape mosaic spatial distribution map, add up area and the girth of each protectiveness landscape mosaic, further merging treatment, consider Class IV highway, forest highway, protectiveness view is formed without substantial isolation by road Human disturbance landscape types, therefore, disjunct protectiveness landscape patch is merged by spatial manipulation and forms the speckle existed with many partial elements form；

Step 4: calculate the overall fragmentation degree of protectiveness view, adopts the fragmentation index metering overall fragmentation degree of protectiveness view, based on land protection of the nature reserve landscape mosaic spatial distribution map, calculates the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view and FI:

In formula:

FI is the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view, and between 0-1, its value is more big, and protectiveness view more tends to broken generally, and its integrity is more poor；

S_jArea for jth protectiveness landscape mosaic；

S is the gross area of protectiveness view；

N is the number of protectiveness landscape mosaic；

Step 5: calculate protectiveness view edge effect intensity, adopts Area-weighted fractal dimension and FDI, measures protectiveness view edge effect intensity, is calculated as follows:

In formula:

FDI is protectiveness view Area-weighted fractal dimension, and theoretical value is between 1-2, and FDI value is close to 1, it was shown that protectiveness view overall shape tends to regular, simple；FDI value is more big, and protectiveness view overall shape is more complicated, it was shown that edge effect is more strong, and correspondingly mankind's activity is more big to the interference effect degree of protection of the nature reserve object by protectiveness landscape mosaic border；

FDI_jFractal dimension for jth protectiveness landscape mosaic；

S_jArea for jth protectiveness landscape mosaic；

S is the gross area of protectiveness view；

P_jGirth for jth protectiveness landscape mosaic；

N is the number of protectiveness landscape mosaic；

Lg is denary logarithm；

Step 6: calculate protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency and crucial landscape types space contiguity:

1. for forest ecosystem type nature reserve area; calculate protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency; protect kind of protected area effectiveness and typical vegetation protected area effectiveness including umbrella, by area efficiency index metering area effectiveness size, be calculated as follows:

Wherein:

In formula:

AEI is protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency index, and its value, between 0-1, is that umbrella protects kind of protected area effectiveness and the concentrated expression of typical vegetation protected area effectiveness；

UEI is that umbrella protects kind of a protected area Effective exponent, reflects and maintenance umbrella is protected the gross area size that kind of minimum population long term survival plays the protectiveness landscape mosaic of useful effect；

VEI is typical vegetation protected area Effective exponent, reflects the gross area size to the protectiveness landscape mosaic resisting serious fire, disaster caused by a windstorm interference performance useful effect；

S_ejProtect, to maintaining umbrella, the area that kind of minimum population long term survival plays the protectiveness landscape mosaic of useful effect for jth, protect kind of minimum population long term survival and play the protectiveness landscape mosaic of useful effect to maintaining umbrella and refer to that area protects kind the protectiveness landscape mosaic of most I survival area be more than or equal to umbrella；

S’_ejOpposing severe jamming plays the area of the protectiveness landscape mosaic of useful effect for jth, and the protectiveness landscape mosaic that opposing severe jamming plays useful effect refers to that area is subject to the average disposable deforestation area after severe jamming be more than or equal to typical vegetation；

TS is the gross area of nature reserve area；

M is the number of the protectiveness landscape mosaic playing useful effect；

2. for grassland and grassy marshland, desert ecosystem type nature reserve area; calculate crucial landscape types space contiguity; crucial landscape types refers to that in nature reserve area, water source is as the landscape types of crucial factor of the habitat; adopt spatial connectivity index and CI; the space contiguity of the crucial landscape types of metering, being calculated as follows of spatial connectivity index:

In formula:

CI is crucial landscape types connectivity index; need to according to the day range of activity of nature reserve area master wild animal kind to be protected during calculating; the carnivore umbrella being particularly in food chain top in nature reserve area protects kind; set the space scale calculated day diffusion length r as connectivity index; CI is between 0-1; its value is more big, it was shown that crucial landscape types connectedness within the scope of space scale r is more strong, and correspondingly to protect kind of the resistance of diffusion movable in nature reserve area also more little for umbrella；CI can calculate by existing software FRAGSTATS, FRAGSTATS is developed by branch school, masschusetts, u.s.a university Amherst, is specifically designed to the computer software analyzing Spatial Patterns of Landscapes, current edition is FRAGSTATSv4, and software can pass through University of Massachusetts's official website free download and use；

c_jkFor within the scope of space scale r, the connection status of crucial landscape types speckle j and k, work as c_jk=1, speckle j and k is connected, and works as c_jk=0, speckle j and k is not connected to；

N is the speckle number of crucial landscape types；

Step 7: calculate nature reserve area, land landscape reservation value index nember；

1. forest ecosystem type nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, adopts geometric method to build, and computational methods are as follows:

In formula:

PVI is nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, is on landscape level, and umbrella is protected the concentrated expression of kind and typical vegetation conservation value by nature reserve area, and its value, between 0-100, is worth more big, and nature reserve area landscape reservation is worth more big；

FI is the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view；

FDI is protectiveness view Area-weighted fractal dimension；

AEI is protectiveness landscape mosaic area efficiency index；

100 is conversion constant, takes advantage of 100 by between the codomain range widening of PVI to 0-100；

2. grassland and grassy marshland, desert ecosystem type nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, adopts geometric method to build the computing formula of nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember and PVI:

In formula,

PVI is nature reserve area landscape reservation value index nember, and between 0-100, its value is more big, and nature reserve area landscape reservation is worth more high；

S is the gross area of protectiveness view；

TS is the gross area of nature reserve area；

FI is the overall fragmentation index of protectiveness view；

FDI is protectiveness view Area-weighted fractal dimension；

CI is crucial landscape types connectivity index；

100 is conversion constant, takes advantage of 100 by between the codomain range widening of PVI to 0-100。