CN102625827B - Lubricating compositions - Google Patents

Lubricating compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102625827B
CN102625827B CN201080047677.0A CN201080047677A CN102625827B CN 102625827 B CN102625827 B CN 102625827B CN 201080047677 A CN201080047677 A CN 201080047677A CN 102625827 B CN102625827 B CN 102625827B
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charged ion
positively charged
lubricating composition
alkyl
ionic liquid
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CN201080047677.0A
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CN102625827A (en
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C·S·特里德盖特
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/02—Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/087—Boron oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
    • C10M2211/044—Acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/14—Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/16—Nitriles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M2215/224—Imidazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/042—Sulfate esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
    • C10M2227/063—Complexes of boron halides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/077—Ionic Liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/12—Gas-turbines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/135—Steam engines or turbines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

A lubricating composition comprising: (i) from 50% to 99% by weight of base oil; (ii) from 0.01% to 5% by weight of ionic liquid; and (iii) from 0.01% to 10% by weight of additive; wherein the lubricating composition has a pour point of at most -54 DEG C, a flashpoint of at least 246 DEG C and a kinematic viscosity at 100 DEG C in the range of from 4.9 to 5.4 mm2/s. The lubricating compositions according to the present invention are suitable for use in turbine engine oils and are useful for reducing the build up of sludge and for reducing coking in the lubricating composition.

Description

Lubricating composition
Technical field
The present invention relates to lubricating composition, be particularly used as the lubricating composition of aero-turbine oil.
Background technology
Aero-turbine oil (TEO) needs in wide temperature range, to show fabulous performance, to meet the dual-use product specification of these products respectively, i.e. MIL-PRF-23699 and SAE-AS-5780.Particularly, described two kinds of specifications product that all regulation is ratified must meet some viscosity, pour point and flash point requirements.
Along with the development of modern turbine engine, aero-turbine oil is exposed in the environment that aggressiveness strengthens day by day, comprises strong heat and oxidation stress.This can cause for undesirable consequence, particularly unacceptable accumulation of sludge and unacceptable coking degree in oil system propeller for turboprop machine oil.The carbonaceous sediment that coke is formed when being usually considered to oil degradation in engine surface.If these settlings are formed in aircraft engine, they just may block oil circuit and strainer and cause heat transfer to decline.Aircraft industry has developed the coking tendency that aero-turbine oil evaluated by hydrothermal process simulator (HLPS) test (SAE ARP 5996), and this is the key request of civil and military specification.Therefore the propeller for turboprop machine oil that a kind of wherein accumulation of sludge of preparation reduces and coking degree reduces is wished.
Known ion liquid is used in some lubricating composition.WO2008/154998 discloses the performance using ionic liquid to improve lubricating composition.But do not mention in the publication and apply ionic liquid in propeller for turboprop machine oil.Do not mention the accumulation of sludge in minimizing lubricating composition in the publication or reduce coking yet.
WO2008/075016 discloses a kind of non-aqueous lubricating oil composition, it comprises the base oil of primary amount and a small amount of additive, described additive exists as the solution in base oil, and described additive is non-halide, non-aromatic ionic liquid, and this ionic liquid is general formula C +a -salt, its cationic C +for optionally comprising heteroatomic season with four alkyl or quaternary ammonium ion, wherein said alkyl need not all have identical carbonatoms, and at least one long chain hydrocarbon groups has and is greater than 4 carbon atoms and at least one short-chain hydrocarbon group and has the carbon atom more less than each long chain hydrocarbon groups, and wherein negatively charged ion A -comprise at least one Sauerstoffatom and have the ion head group be connected with at least one alkyl or alicyclic alkyl, described alkyl or alicyclic alkyl have at least four carbon atom and an optional heteroatoms.Described ionic liquid can be used as wear resistant components in lubricating oil composition and friction modifier.Described lubricating oil composition can be used for ignition type engine.But do not mention in the publication and use described ionic liquid in propeller for turboprop machine oil.Do not mention the accumulation of sludge in minimizing lubricating composition in the publication or reduce coking yet.
The present inventor it has surprisingly been found that when being joined in propeller for turboprop machine oil by ionic liquid now, and the accumulation of sludge in engine oil reduces and coking reduces.Advantageously, while the physicals keeping the lubricating composition required by dual-use specification, these benefits are realized.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, provide a kind of lubricating composition, it comprises:
The base oil of (i) 50-99wt%;
(ii) ionic liquid of 0.01-5wt%; With
(iii) additive of 0.01-10wt%;
The pour point of wherein said lubricating composition is-54 DEG C at the most, flash-point be at least 246 DEG C and kinematic viscosity at 100 DEG C is 4.9-5.4mm 2/ s.
It has surprisingly been found that the sludge content observed by testing method FTD-STD-791-5308.7 obviously reduces by replacing the part base oil applied in turbine engine with ionic liquid.
Therefore, the present invention also provides ionic liquid to reduce the purposes of accumulation of sludge in lubricating composition, and wherein said lubricating composition comprises (i) base oil, (ii) ionic liquid and (iii) one or more additives.
It has surprisingly been found that coking degree obviously reduces by replacing the part base oil applied in propeller for turboprop machine oil with ionic liquid.
Therefore, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided ionic liquid to reduce the purposes of the coking in lubricating composition, wherein said lubricating composition comprises (i) base oil, (ii) ionic liquid and (iii) one or more additives.
Also find in addition, lubricating composition of the present invention reduces viscosity to be increased, reduces TAN increase and reduce the vaporization losses observed during testing method FTD-STD-791-5308.7.
Embodiment
Lubricating composition of the present invention is particularly useful as propeller for turboprop machine oil.Turbine engine oil require meets some physicalies specified in dual-use product specification MIL-PRF-23699 and SAE-AS-5780 respectively.
The kinematic viscosity of lubricating composition of the present invention at 100 DEG C (measuring by ASTM DIN455) is 4.9-5.4mm 2/ s, is preferably 4.9-5.1mm 2/ s.
The pour point (measuring by ASTM D97) of lubricating composition of the present invention is-54 DEG C at the most, is preferably-57 DEG C at the most.
The flash-point (measuring by ASTM D92) of lubricating composition of the present invention is at least 246 DEG C, is preferably at least 250 DEG C.
The kinematic viscosity of lubricating composition of the present invention at-40 DEG C (measuring by ASTM DIN455) is preferably at the most 13,000mm 2/ s, is more preferably at the most 11,500mm 2/ s.
The kinematic viscosity of lubricating composition of the present invention at 40 DEG C (measuring by ASTM DIN455) is preferably at least 23mm 2/ s, is preferably at least 25mm 2/ s.
Described lubricating composition comprises base oil as main ingredient.
By the weighing scale of lubricating composition, the amount of described base oil is 50-99wt%, is preferably 70-99wt%, is more preferably 80-97wt%.
Any base oil being applicable to propeller for turboprop machine oil can be applied here.
Preferably, the kinematic viscosity of base oil at 40 DEG C is 20-30mm 2/ s, is more preferably 22-25mm 2/ s, the kinematic viscosity at 100 DEG C is 4-6mm 2/ s, is more preferably 4.85-5.15mm 2/ s, the kinematic viscosity at-40 DEG C is 7,000-13,000mm 2/ s, is more preferably 8,000-10,000mm 2/ s, pour point is-50 DEG C to-65 DEG C, is more preferably-55 to-60 DEG C, and flash-point is 230-260 DEG C, is more preferably 250-260 DEG C.
Described base oil preferably comprises synthetic ester base base-material, particularly polyol ester based base oil.Synthetic ester base base oil is known in the art, and such as states in GB-A-2384245.Ester group base oil (together with selected additive-package) works and the heat shown and oxidative stability in wide temperature range.
Can apply the known and familiar ordinary method of those skilled in the art and technology prepares ester by alcohol and carboxylic acid, and this preparation itself does not form a part of the present invention.Usually, optionally in the presence of a catalyst, alcohol such as industrial tetramethylolmethane is made to be heated together with required mixture of carboxylic acids.The excessive a little acid of usual use is ordered about reaction and is completed.During reaction remove water, then from reaction mixture, air lift goes out acid excessive arbitrarily.The ester of ester such as industrial tetramethylolmethane can without being further purified use, or can apply conventional art such as distillation and be further purified.
About the further information of synthetic ester base base oil, can with reference to GB-A-2384245, EP-A-0695797, EP-A-1323815, US-A-4826633 and US-A-5503761, being taught in wherein is introduced as reference here.
Suitable synthesis for polyol ester base base oil can be formed by the esterification of aliphatic polyol and carboxylic acid.Aliphatic polyol preferably comprises 4-15 carbon atom and has 2-8 can esterified hydroxy groups.Preferred example is TriMethylolPropane(TMP), tetramethylolmethane, Dipentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tripentaerythritol and their mixture.
Carboxylic acid reaction thing for the preparation of synthesis for polyol ester base oil can be selected from the mixture of mono carboxylic acid of aliphatic series or mono carboxylic acid of aliphatic series and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid suitably.Described carboxylic acid can comprise 2-20 carbon atom, is preferably 4-12 carbon atom, is more preferably 5-10 carbon atom, and comprises straight chain and branched aliphatic acids.Also the mixture of monocarboxylic acid can be used.
Suitable polyol ester is by Chemtura, Middlebury, Connecticut, USA is with trade(brand)name Hatcol 2954, Hatcol 1754, Hatcol 1764, Hatcol 1765 and Hatcol 1760, by Croda, Snaith, UK is with trade(brand)name Priolube 3939 with by Cognis, Monheim, and Germany is with commercially available those materials of trade(brand)name Synative ES 2939 and SynatiVe ES2931.
In addition, all base-materials described in EP-A-0518567 and EP-A-0695797 are all applicable in lubricating composition of the present invention.
According to a preferred embodiment, described polyol ester base oil comprises the monopentaerythritol of at least 80wt%.
Suitably, described polyol ester base oil can be the mixture of the monopentaerythritol of about 80-95wt% and the Dipentaerythritol of 5-20wt%.This mixture is commonly called " industry " tetramethylolmethane, and also can comprise some three and tetrapentaerythritol, the latter is formed as byproduct at the production period of industrial tetramethylolmethane usually.
It is even furthermore preferable that polyol ester base oil comprises the monopentaerythritol being greater than 90wt%, be more preferably the monopentaerythritol being greater than 95wt%.It is even furthermore preferable that polyol ester base oil comprises the monopentaerythritol of about 100wt%.
Another main ingredient of lubricating composition of the present invention is ionic liquid.
By the weighing scale of lubricating composition, the concentration that exists of ionic liquid is 0.01-5%, is preferably 0.01-2%, more preferably 0.05-0.5%, particularly 0.1-0.3%.
Ionic liquid is at room temperature liquid melting salt, or be defined as the melting salt with the fusing point being less than 100 DEG C.They almost do not have vapour pressure and can show high thermostability.
Ionic liquid can by general formula C +a -represent, wherein C +for suitable positively charged ion, and A -for suitable negatively charged ion.
Suitable positively charged ion C +be selected from quaternary ammonium cation, phosphorus positively charged ion, imidazoles positively charged ion, pyridine positively charged ion, pyrazoles positively charged ion, azoles positively charged ion, tetramethyleneimine positively charged ion, piperidines positively charged ion, trialkylsulfonium cation, thiazoline positively charged ion, guanidine salt cation, morpholine positively charged ion, sulfonium cation and triazole positively charged ion.Preferred positively charged ion is selected from quaternary ammonium cation and phosphorus positively charged ion.
Suitable negatively charged ion A -be selected from [PF 6] -, [BF 4] -, [CF 3cO 2] -, [CF 3sO 3] -and its more higher homologue, [C 4f 9sO 3] -or [C 8f 17sO 3] -more senior perfluoro alkyl sulfonic acid root, [(CF 3sO 2) 2n] -, [(CF 3sO 2) (CF 3cOO) N] -, Cl -, Br -, I -, [C (CN) 3] -, SCN -, [B (C 2o 4) 2] -, [N (SO 2cF 3) 2] -, [R 4sO 3] -, [R 4oSO 3] -, [R 4cOO] -, [NO 3] -, [N (CN) 2] -, [HSO 4] -, PF 6-Xr 6 xor [R 4r 5pO 4] -, wherein R 4and R 5independently selected from: hydrogen; There is the saturated of the straight or branched of 1-20 carbon atom or undersaturated aliphatic series or alicyclic alkyl group; Heteroaryl, in its assorted fragrant residue, there is 3-8 carbon atom and at least one heteroatoms is selected from the assorted virtue-C of N, O and S 1-C 6-alkyl, it can be selected from C by least one 1-C 6the group of alkyl and/or halogen atom replaced; There is the aryl-aryl-C of 5-12 carbon atom in its aromatic yl residue 1-C 6-alkyl, it can by least one C 1-C 6-alkyl replaces, R 6can be perfluoro-ethyl or more senior perfluoroalkyl, and x be the integer of 1-4.
Particularly preferably be with highly fluorinated anion ion liquid, because these ions normally high temperature stable.In addition, the water-retaining capacity of these negatively charged ion is owing to obviously reducing with two (trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide anion.Another kind of preferred negatively charged ion is trifluoroacetic acid root.
The example of suitable ionic liquid includes but not limited to butyl methyl tetramethyleneimine -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (MBPimid), methyl-propyl tetramethyleneimine -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (MPPimid), three-hexyl methyl imidazoles (perfluor ethylidene)-three fluorophosphates (HMIMPFET), hexyl methyl imidazoles -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (HMIMimid), hexyl methyl tetramethyleneimine -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (HMP), three-tetrabutyl phosphorus (perfluor ethylidene) three fluorophosphates (BuPPFET), octyl methyl imidazoles hexafluorophosphate (OMIM PF6), hexyl pyridine -bis-(trifluoromethyl) sulfimide (Hpyimid), methyl trioctylammonium-trifluoroacetate (MOAac), butyl methyl tetramethyleneimine (pentafluoroethyl group) three fluorophosphate (MBPPFET), three hexyls (tetradecyl) phosphorus -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (HPDimid), hexyl methyl imidazoles -a tetrafluoro borate (HMI BF4), hexyl methyl imidazoles hexafluorophosphate (HMI PF6), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole diethyl phosphate (EMIM DEP), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole methylsulfate (EMIM DSU), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole two [oxalate (2-)-O, O+] borate (EMIM BOB) and their mixture.
These ionic liquids listed above can by Merck, Darmstadt, and Germany and Sigma Aldrich, St Louis, Missouri, the U.S. is commercially available.By BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany is also adapted at applying here with the ionic liquid that trade(brand)name Basionics is commercially available.
Preferred ionic liquid for composition of the present invention is selected from methyl trioctylammonium-trifluoroacetate (MOAac), three hexyls (tetradecyl) phosphorus -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (HDPimid), hexyl methyl imidazoles a tetrafluoro borate (HMI BF4), hexamethyl imidazoles fluorophosphate (HMI PF6), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole diethyl phosphate (EMIM DEP), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole methylsulfate (BMIM DSU) and their mixture.The particularly preferred ionic liquid here applied is three hexyls (tetradecyl) phosphorus -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (HDPimid), hexyl methyl imidazoles hexafluorophosphate (HMI PF6) and their mixture.
Described lubricating composition also includes one or more additives of effective amount (usual concentration is the 0.01-10wt% of lubricating composition), such as include but not limited to metal and ashless antioxidant, metal and ashless dispersion agent, metal and ashless purification agent, sanitas and rust-preventive agent, metal passivator, metal and nonmetallic, low-ash phosphorous and without phosphorus, sulfur-bearing and the anti-wear agent without sulphur, metal and nonmetallic, phosphorous and without phosphorus, sulfur-bearing and the extreme-pressure additive without sulphur, anti-jamming dose, pour point reducer, wax conditioning agent, viscosity modifier, sealing compatilizer, friction modifier, lubricity agent, anti-staining agent, chromogenic reagent, defoamer, emulsion splitter and other conventional additive-package.For the summary of many typical additives, can with reference to the Lubricants and Related Products of D.Klamann, Verlag Chemie, DeerfieldBeach, FL; ISBN 0-89573-177-0, and " the Lubricant Additives " of M.W.Ranney, published by Noyes Data Corporation of Parkridge, N.J. (1973).
Viscosity index improver (also referred to as VI improving agent, viscosity modifier or viscosity modifier) provides high temperature and low temperature operability for lubricant.These additives are at high temperature given shear stability and give acceptable viscosity at low temperatures.
Preferred anti-wear additive for the present composition comprises triaryl phosphate, as by Chemtura with trade(brand)name Reolube OMTI, Durad 310M, Durad 110, Durad 125, Durad 150B, Reolube TXP, Durad 220B, Durad 620B, Durad 110B, those materials that Fryquel 150 and Fryquel 220 is commercially available, by Rhein Chemie with trade(brand)name Additin RC 3661, those materials that Additin RC 3760 and Additin RC 3680 is commercially available, with by Supresta with trade(brand)name SynOAd 8475, SynOAd8484, SynOAd 8485, SynOAd 8478, SynOAd 8477, those materials that SynOAd 8499 and SynOAd 9578 is commercially available.Be included in the Tocp hydrochlorate in addition in term triaryl phosphate, as those materials by specification TT-T-656 approval.
Other preferred anti-wear additive comprises metal alkylthiophosphates, is more particularly zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.Other preferred anti-wear additive comprises without phosphorus anti-wear additive, as the aliphatic series of sulfur-bearing, araliphatic or alicyclic olefin.Other preferred anti-wear additive comprises polysulfide and the thiophosphoryl based bisulfide of thiophosphoric acid and thiophosphatephosphorothioate.
Glyceryl ester can be used as anti-wear additive.Such as, can advantageous applications list-, two-and trioleate, list-cetylate and list-myristinate.Usually, with the total weight of lubricating composition, the consumption of anti-wear additive can be about 0.01-6wt%, is preferably about 0.01-4wt%.
Suitable antioxidant postpones lubricating composition oxidative degradation during use.This degraded may cause forming settling in metallic surface, there is mud or fluid viscosity increase.Multiple suitable antioxidant is known, such as, at the Lubricants of Klamann and such as at US-A-4,798,684 and US-A-5,084, describe in 197 those.
For lubricating composition of the present invention, preferred antioxidant comprises amine antioxidants.They comprise the arylamine of alkylation and non-alkylating, such as at nitrogen-atoms place with aliphatic series, aromatics or replace the aromatic monoamine of aromatic substituent.Typical fragrant amine antioxidants has containing the alkyl substituent at least about 6 carbon atoms.The example of aliphatic group comprises hexyl, heptyl, octyl group, nonyl and decyl.Usually, aliphatic group contains and is no more than about 14 carbon atoms.The general amine antioxidants that can be used in the present composition comprises pentanoic, nonox, thiodiphenylamine, imidazoles diphenyl-methyl and diphenyl-phenylene-diamine.Also the mixture of two or more arylamine can be applied, such as the mixture of phenyl-a-naphthylamine (PANA) class antioxidant and pentanoic (DPA) class antioxidant.Also polymeric amines antioxidant can be applied, such as, by the Vanlube 9317 that RT Vanderbilt is commercially available.The specific examples of fragrant amine antioxidants used in the present invention comprises: p, p '-dioctyl diphenylamine, t-octyl phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl-a-naphthylamine and p-octyl phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine.
Commercially available phenyl-a-naphthylamine (PANA) class antioxidant comprises the Irganox L06 be such as purchased by Ciba, the Additin 7130 be purchased by Rhein Chemie, the Naugalube APAN be purchased by Chemtura and Naugard PAN.
Commercially available pentanoic (DPA) class antioxidant comprises the Vanlube 81 be such as purchased by RT Vanderbilt, the Naugalube AMS be purchased by Chemtura, Germany, Naugalube 438, Naugalube 635, Naugalube 640, Naugalube 680, the Additin 7001, the Addition 7005A that are purchased by Rhein Chemie, Additin 7135, Additin 10314A, the Hitec 4720 be purchased by Afton, Hitec 4721, Hitec 4777, the Irganox L 57 be purchased by Ciba, Irganox L67.
Other useful antioxidant comprises hindered phenol.Phenol antioxidant can be used as it is or combinationally uses with amine.These phenol antioxidant can be neutrality or the alkaline metal salt of ashless (not containing metal) phenolic compound or some phenolic compounds.Typical phenolic antioxidant compound is the Hinered phenols containing sterically hindered hydroxyl, and comprises the derivative that wherein hydroxyl is positioned at those dihydroxyl aryl compounds of o-or p-position each other.The example of this kind of aldehydes matter comprises the 2-tertiary butyl-4-heptyl phenol, the 2-tertiary butyl-4-octyl phenol, the 2-tertiary butyl-4-4-dodecylphenol, 2,6-bis--tertiary butyl-4-heptyl phenol, 2,6-bis--tertiary butyl-4-4-dodecylphenols, 2-methyl-6-tert butyl-4-heptyl phenol and 2-methyl-6-tert butyl-4-4-dodecylphenol.What other was useful be obstructed, and single phenol antioxidant can comprise 2, the 6-bis--alkyl-phenols propanoate ester derivatives be such as obstructed.
Two-phenol antioxidant also can be advantageously used in lubricating composition.The alkylphenol of sulfuration and its basic metal or alkaline earth salt are also useful antioxidants.The peroxide breakdown thing of low-sulfur also can be used as antioxidant.Another kind of suitable antioxidant is oil-soluble copper compounds.The example of suitable copper antioxidant comprises the mantoquita of dihydrocarbyl-thio or phosphorodithioic acid copper and carboxylic acid.Other suitable mantoquita comprises the dithiocar-bamate of copper, sulfonate, phenates and acetylacetonate.Derived from the alkali formula of alkenyl succinic acid or acid anhydrides, neutrality or acid copper Cu (I) and/or Cu (II) salt known be useful especially.These antioxidants can often class be used alone or mutually combinationally use.The consumption of these additives can be about 0.01-5wt%, is preferably about 0.01-2wt%.
Purification agent as additive can be simple purification agent or heterozygosis or complex detergents.Suitable purification agent comprises anionic compound, and it contains the negatively charged ion of the long chain oleophillic portion of molecule and the less of molecule or hates oily part.The anionicsite of purification agent is derived from organic acid usually, as sulfuric acid, carboxylic acid, phosphoric acid, phenol or their mixture.Gegenion is generally alkaline-earth metal or basic metal.Preferred purification agent comprises the vitriol of basic metal or alkaline-earth metal, sulfonate, phenates, carboxylate salt, phosphoric acid salt and salicylate.Suitable alkylaryl sulfonate comprises about 9-80 or more carbon atom usually, is more typically about 16-60 carbon atom.Preferably those materials disclosed in the Lubricants and Related Products of Klamann and " the Lubricant Additives " of C.V.Smallheer and R.K.Smith published by Lezius-Hiles Co.of Cleveland, Ohio (1967) that quote above.Alkaline earth phenate is another kind of useful purification agent.These purification agents are reaction product of the alkylphenol of alkaline earth metal hydroxides or oxide compound and alkylphenol or sulfuration.Useful alkyl comprises the C of straight or branched 1-C 30alkyl, is preferably C 4-C 20.The example of suitable phenol comprises isobutyl-phenol, 2-ethylhexyl phenol, nonyl phenol, 1-ethyl decyl phenol and analogue.The metal-salt of carboxylic acid also can be used as purification agent.Another kind of preferred purification agent is alkaline earth metal salicylate, comprises monoalkyl to tetraalkyl salicylates, and wherein alkyl has 1-30 carbon atom.Alkaline-earth metal is preferably calcium, magnesium or barium, and calcium is most preferred.Another kind of useful purification agent comprises alkali earth metal phosphate.Usually, in whole lubricating composition, total detergent concentration is about 0.01-6wt%, is preferably about 0.1-4wt%.In addition, non-ionic detergents can be preferred in lubricating composition.This non-ionic detergents can be ashless or low grey compound, and can comprise discrete molecular compound and compound that is oligomeric and/or polymerization.
Additive can also comprise dispersion agent.Suitable dispersion agent comprises the polar group on the hydrocarbon chain being connected to relative high molecular usually.Described polar group comprises at least one element in nitrogen, oxygen or phosphorus usually.Typical hydrocarbon chain comprises an about 50-400 carbon atom.Suitable dispersion agent comprise phenates, sulfonate, sulfuration phenates, salicylate, naphthenate, stearate, carbaminate and thiocarbamate.A useful especially class dispersion agent is alkenyl succinic derivative, and wherein said alkenyl chain forms the oleophilic moiety of molecule, makes it in oil, have solubleness.Described alkenyl chain can be polyisobutenyl, such as describe in such as Publication about Document those: US-A-3,172,892, US-A-3,2145,707, US-A-3,219,666, US-A-3,316,177, US-A-3,341,542, US-A-3,454,607, US-A-3,541,012, US-A-3,630,904, US-A-3,632,511, US-A-3,787,374 and US-A-4,234,435.
The suitable dispersant of other type is stated in such as Publication about Document: US-A-3, 036, 003, US-A-3, 200, 107, US-A-3, 254, 025, US-A-3, 275, 554, US-A-3, 438, 757, US-A-3, 454, 555, US-A-3, 565, 804, US-A-3, 413, 347, US-A-3, 697, 574, US-A-3, 725, 277, US-A-3, 725, 480, US-A-3, 726, 882, US-A-4, 454, 059, US-A-3, 329, 658, US-A-3, 449, 250, US-A-3, 519, 565, US-A-3, 666, 730, US-A-3, 687, 849, US-A-3, 702, 300, US-A-4, 100, 082, US-A-5, 705, 458 and EP-A-471071.
Other suitable dispersion agent comprises the succinic acid compound that alkyl replaces, if succinimide, succinate or succinate ester amides (succsinic acid replaced by the preferred hydrocarbon in hydrocarbon substituent with at least 50 carbon atoms and the alkylene amines of at least one equivalent react and prepare) are useful especially.
Namely friction modifier can the material of alter frictional coefficient or compound can combinationally use with base oil component effectively.Suitable friction modifier can comprise metal-salt or metal ligand mixture, and wherein said metal can comprise basic metal, alkaline-earth metal or magnesium-yttrium-transition metal, those as described in WO2004/053030.
Other useful additive comprises pour point reducer, to flow the minimum temperature maybe can toppled over for reducing lubricating composition.The example of suitable pour point reducer comprises the terpolymer of the condensed products of polymethacrylate, polyacrylic ester, aramid, halogenated alkane chloroflo and aromatic substance, vinyl carboxylic acid ester polymer and dialkyl fumarate, vinyl fatty acid ester and allyl vinyl ether, such as mention in WO2004/053030 those.
Suitable sealing compatilizer comprises organophosphate, aromatic ester, aromatic hydrocarbons, ester (such as phthalic acid butylbenzene methyl esters) and polybutenyl succinic anhydride.
The consumption of these additives can be about 0.01-3wt%.
Advantageously can add defoamer in lubricating composition.These reagent will postpone the formation of stable foam.Siloxanes and organic polymer are typical defoamer, such as polysiloxane.Defoamer is commercially available, the DCF 200/12500 be such as purchased by Dow Corning, DCF200/500, DCF 200/30000, DCF 200/1000, and can using together with emulsion splitter with other additive comparatively in a small amount with routine.The combination consumption of these additives is less than 1wt% usually.
Those for mentioning in Klamann quoted above of suitable sanitas.The example of suitable sanitas comprises thiadiazoles, benzotriazole, tolytriazole, zinc dithiophosphate, metal phenates, basic metal sulfonate, lipid acid, carboxylic acid and amine.The consumption of these additives can be about 0.01-5wt%, is preferably about 0.01-1.5wt%, is more preferably about 0.01-1wt%.The example of suitable sanitas can at such as US-A-2, and 719,125, US-A-2,719,126 and US-A-3,087, find in 932.The example of suitable sanitas is those that be purchased with trade(brand)name Irgamet 39, Irgamet TTA and Irgamet 42 by Ciba, and those being purchased with trade(brand)name Vanlube 887 and Vanlube 887E by Vanderbilt.The further example of suitable sanitas is dicarboxylic acid, be such as purchased with trade(brand)name Emerox1144 and Emerox1110 by Cognis those.
One or more additives can be comprised, as emulsion splitter, solubilizing agent, flowing agent, tinting material, chromogenic reagent and analogue further combined with to the addition type additive in lubricating composition of the present invention.Often kind of additive can comprise independent additive or their mixture.
Below with reference to following embodiment, the present invention is described:
Embodiment 1-18 and comparative example A
The propeller for turboprop machine oil of embodiment 1-18 and comparative example A is prepared by the base oil shown in blended following table 1-3 and additive.
Amount in table 1-3 represents with wt% based on the gross weight of the formula prepared completely.
The base oil applied in the formula of table 1-3 is the pentaerythritol ester of 5cSt, comprises Tocp hydrochlorate anti-wear additive, tolytriazole sanitas, dicarboxylic acid sanitas, dioctyl diphenylamine (DODPA) and diaryl pentanoic further as pentanoic (DPA) class antioxidant ingredients, uncle p--octyl phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine as phenyl-α-naphthalene (PANA) class antioxidant ingredients and polysiloxane defoamers.The viscosity of pentaerythritol ester at 100 DEG C is 5mm 2/ s, and the peak viscosity at-40 DEG C is 13,000mm 2/ s.In addition, pentaerythritol ester has the maximum pour point of-54 DEG C and the minimum flash point of 246 DEG C.
Table 1
Comparative example A Embodiment 1 Embodiment 2 Embodiment 3 Embodiment 4 Embodiment 5 Embodiment 6
Base oil+additive-package 100 99.8 99.5 99.0 99.8 99.5 99.0
MOAac 1 0 0.2 0.5 1.0 0 0 0
HDPimid 2 0 0 0 0 0.2 0.5 1.0
1. methyl trioctylammonium trifluoroacetate
2. three hexyls (tetradecyl) phosphorus two (trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide
Table 2
Embodiment 7 Embodiment 8 Embodiment 9 Embodiment 10 Embodiment 11 Embodiment 12
Base oil+additive-package 99.8 99.5 99.0 99.8 99.5 99.0
HMI BF4 3 0.2 0.5 1.0 0 0 0
HMI PF6 4 0 0 0 0.2 0.5 1.0
3. hexyl methyl imidazoles a tetrafluoro borate
4. hexyl methyl imidazoles hexafluorophosphate
Table 3
Embodiment 13 Embodiment 14 Embodiment 15 Embodiment 16 Embodiment 17 Embodiment 18
Base oil+additive-package 99.8 99.5 99.0 99.8 99.5 99.0
EMIM DEP 5 0.2 0.5 1.0 0 0 0
EMIM DSU 6 0 0 0 0.2 0.5 1.0
5.1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole diethyl phosphate
6.1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole methylsulfate
The measurement of physicals
By making lubricating composition experience various standard method of test (as shown in Table 4 below), determine the various physicalies of the lubricating composition of embodiment 1-18 and comparative example A.Measured performance is shown in following table 4.
Viscosity increases, TAN increases and the measurement of vaporization losses
In order to verify the various benefits of propeller for turboprop machine oil of the present invention, make embodiment 1,4 and 16 (respectively containing 0.2%MOAac, 0.2%HDPimid and 0.2%EMIM MSU) and comparative example A experience the testing method specified in FED-STD-791-5308.7, increase in the viscosity of test period to measure, TAN increase and vaporization losses.Described test runs 72 hours at 218 DEG C.Result is shown in following table 5.
Table 5
Embodiment Viscosity B coefficent, % TAN changes, mgKOH/l Vaporization losses, % Mud content, mg
A # 60.44 9.71 4.56 1.0
1(0.2％MOAac) ## 39.10 5.61 3.72 0.1
4(0.2％HDPimid) ## 46.85 6.62 3.72 ＜0.1
16(0.2％EMIM MSU) 48.87 7.53 3.91 0.4
# result is 8 mean values measured
## result is the mean value of twice measurement
The measurement of coking behavior
In order to measure the coking behavior of lubricating composition of the present invention, embodiment 1 and 4 (comprising 0.2wt%MOAac and 0.2wt%HDPimid respectively) and comparative example A is made to experience HPLS standard method of test SAE ARP 5996.After 20 hours, the amount of coke that stainless steel tube is formed weighed and record the outward appearance of pipe.Result is shown in following table 6.
Table 6
The measurement of carrying capacity
In order to measure carrying capacity and the wear resisting property of lubricating composition of the present invention, embodiment 7-12 and comparative example A is made to experience the maximum weld load (each load phase lasts 10 second) of four balls test (IP 239) and each institute test sample product.Result is shown in following table 7.
Table 7
Discuss
Result shown in table 4 shows, the ionic liquid introducing lower concentration in propeller for turboprop machine oil can not cause harmful effect (respectively required by dual-use specification and MIL-PRF-23699 and SAE-AS-5780) to the physicals of propeller for turboprop machine oil.
As can be seen from Table 5, compared with comparative example A's (not containing ionic liquid), the lubricating composition of embodiment 1 (the MOAa c containing 0.2%), embodiment 4 (containing 0.2%HDPimid) and embodiment 16 (containing 0.2%EMIM MSU) shows accumulation of sludge to be reduced.
As can be seen from Table 6, compared with comparative example A's (not containing ionic liquid), the lubricating composition of embodiment 1 (containing 0.2%MOAac) and embodiment 4 (containing 0.2%HDPimid) shows coking to be reduced.Embodiment 4 (containing 0.2%HDPimid) shows larger coking than embodiment 1 (containing 0.2%MOAac) and reduces.
As can be seen from Table 7, compared with comparative example A, the lubricating composition of embodiment 7-12 shows the increase of weld load and suitable grinding defect diameter.

Claims (13)

1. for a lubricating composition for turbine engine, it comprises: the base oil of (i) 50-99wt%; (ii) ionic liquid of 0.01-5wt%; (iii) additive of 0.01-10wt%; The pour point of wherein said lubricating composition lower than-54 DEG C, flash-point is greater than 246 DEG C and kinematic viscosity at 100 DEG C is 4.9-5.4mm 2/ s; Wherein ionic liquid is general formula C +a -salt, its cationic C +be selected from quaternary ammonium cation, phosphorus positively charged ion, imidazoles positively charged ion, pyridine positively charged ion, pyrazoles positively charged ion, azoles positively charged ion, tetramethyleneimine positively charged ion, piperidines positively charged ion, thiazoline positively charged ion, guanidine salt cation, morpholine positively charged ion, sulfonium cation and triazole positively charged ion, and wherein negatively charged ion A -be selected from [PF 6] -, [BF 4] -, [CF 3cO 2] -, [CF 3sO 3] -, [C 4f 9sO 3] -or [C 8f 17sO 3] -more senior perfluoro alkyl sulfonic acid root, [(CF 3sO 2) 2n] -, [(CF 3sO 2) (CF 3cOO) N] -, Cl -, Br -, I -, [C (CN) 3] -, SCN -, [B (C 2o 4) 2] -, [N (SO 2cF 3) 2] -, [R 4sO 3] -, [R 4oSO 3] -, [R 4cOO] -, [NO 3] -, [N (CN) 2] -, [HSO 4] -, [PF 6-Xr 6 x] -or [R 4r 5pO 4] -, wherein R 4and R 5independently selected from: hydrogen, the saturated or undersaturated aliphatic series with the straight or branched of 1-20 carbon atom or alicyclic alkyl group; Heteroaryl, there is in its assorted fragrant residue the assorted virtue-C that 3-8 carbon atom and at least one heteroatoms are selected from N, O and S 1-C 6-alkyl, it is optionally selected from C by least one 1-C 6the group of alkyl and/or halogen atom replaced; There is the aryl-aryl-C of 5-12 carbon atom in its aromatic yl residue 1-C 6-alkyl, it is optionally by least one C 1-C 6-alkyl replaces, R 6for perfluoro-ethyl or more senior perfluoroalkyl, and x is the integer of 1-4.
2. the lubricating composition of claim 1, its cationic C +for trialkylsulfonium cation.
3. the lubricating composition of claim 1 or 2, it comprises the ionic liquid of 0.01-1wt%.
4. the lubricating composition of claim 3, it comprises the ionic liquid of 0.05-0.5wt%.
5. the lubricating composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said ionic liquid is selected from butyl methyl tetramethyleneimine -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide, methyl-propyl tetramethyleneimine -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide, three-hexyl methyl imidazoles (perfluor ethylidene)-three fluorophosphates, hexyl methyl imidazoles -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide, hexyl methyl tetramethyleneimine -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide, three-tetrabutyl phosphorus (perfluor ethylidene) three fluorophosphates, octyl methyl imidazoles hexafluorophosphate, hexyl pyridine -bis-(trifluoromethyl) sulfimide, methyl trioctylammonium-trifluoroacetate, butyl methyl tetramethyleneimine three (pentafluoroethyl group) three fluorophosphate, three hexyls (tetradecyl) phosphorus -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide, hexyl methyl imidazoles -a tetrafluoro borate, hexyl methyl imidazoles -hexafluorophosphate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole diethyl phosphate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole methylsulfate and their mixture.
6. the lubricating composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said ionic liquid is selected from methyl trioctylammonium trifluoroacetate and three hexyls (tetradecyl) phosphorus -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide, hexyl methyl imidazoles a tetrafluoro borate, hexyl methyl imidazoles hexafluorophosphate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole diethyl phosphate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole methylsulfate and their mixture.
7. the lubricating composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said ionic liquid is selected from three hexyls (tetradecyl) phosphorus -bis-(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide, hexyl methyl imidazoles hexafluorophosphate and their mixture.
8. the lubricating composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein said base oil is the synthetic ester formed by the carboxylic acid reaction of polyvalent alcohol and general formula R COOH, and wherein R is the straight or branched alkyl with 5-10 carbon atom.
9. the lubricating composition of any one of claim 1-8 is used for the purposes of lubricating turbine engine.
10. ionic liquid is for reducing the purposes of the sludge content of lubricating composition, and described lubricating composition comprises the base oil of (i) 50-99wt%; (ii) ionic liquid of 0.01-5wt%; (iii) additive of 0.01-10wt%; The pour point of wherein said lubricating composition lower than-54 DEG C, flash-point is greater than 246 DEG C and kinematic viscosity at 100 DEG C is 4.9-5.4mm 2/ s; Wherein ionic liquid is general formula C +a -salt, its cationic C +be selected from quaternary ammonium cation, phosphorus positively charged ion, imidazoles positively charged ion, pyridine positively charged ion, pyrazoles positively charged ion, azoles positively charged ion, tetramethyleneimine positively charged ion, piperidines positively charged ion, thiazoline positively charged ion, guanidine salt cation, morpholine positively charged ion, sulfonium cation and triazole positively charged ion, and wherein negatively charged ion A -be selected from [PF 6] -, [BF 4] -, [CF 3cO 2] -, [CF 3sO 3] -, [C 4f 9sO 3] -or [C 8f 17sO 3] -more senior perfluoro alkyl sulfonic acid root, [(CF 3sO 2) 2n] -, [(CF 3sO 2) (CF 3cOO) N] -, Cl -, Br -, I -, [C (CN) 3] -, SCN -, [B (C 2o 4) 2] -, [N (SO 2cF 3) 2] -, [R 4sO 3] -, [R 4oSO 3] -, [R 4cOO] -, [NO 3] -, [N (CN) 2] -, [HSO 4] -, [PF 6-Xr 6 x] -or [R 4r 5pO 4] -, wherein R 4and R 5independently selected from: hydrogen, the saturated or undersaturated aliphatic series with the straight or branched of 1-20 carbon atom or alicyclic alkyl group; Heteroaryl, there is in its assorted fragrant residue the assorted virtue-C that 3-8 carbon atom and at least one heteroatoms are selected from N, O and S 1-C 6-alkyl, it is optionally selected from C by least one 1-C 6the group of alkyl and/or halogen atom replaced; There is the aryl-aryl-C of 5-12 carbon atom in its aromatic yl residue 1-C 6-alkyl, it is optionally by least one C 1-C 6-alkyl replaces, R 6for perfluoro-ethyl or more senior perfluoroalkyl, and x is the integer of 1-4.
The purposes of 11. claims 10, its cationic C +for trialkylsulfonium cation.
12. ionic liquids are for reducing the purposes of the coking of lubricating composition, and described lubricating composition comprises the base oil of (i) 50-99wt%; (ii) ionic liquid of 0.01-5wt%; (iii) additive of 0.01-10wt%; The pour point of wherein said lubricating composition lower than-54 DEG C, flash-point is greater than 246 DEG C and kinematic viscosity at 100 DEG C is 4.9-5.4mm 2/ s; Wherein ionic liquid is general formula C +a -salt, its cationic C +be selected from quaternary ammonium cation, phosphorus positively charged ion, imidazoles positively charged ion, pyridine positively charged ion, pyrazoles positively charged ion, azoles positively charged ion, tetramethyleneimine positively charged ion, piperidines positively charged ion, thiazoline positively charged ion, guanidine salt cation, morpholine positively charged ion, sulfonium cation and triazole positively charged ion, and wherein negatively charged ion A -be selected from [PF 6] -, [BF 4] -, [CF 3cO 2] -, [CF 3sO 3] -, [C 4f 9sO 3] -or [C 8f 17sO 3] -more senior perfluoro alkyl sulfonic acid root, [(CF 3sO 2) 2n] -, [(CF 3sO 2) (CF 3cOO) N] -, Cl -, Br -, I -, [C (CN) 3] -, SCN -, [B (C 2o 4) 2] -, [N (SO 2cF 3) 2] -, [R 4sO 3] -, [R 4oSO 3] -, [R 4cOO] -, [NO 3] -, [N (CN) 2] -, [HSO 4] -, [PF 6-Xr 6 x] -or [R 4r 5pO 4] -, wherein R 4and R 5independently selected from: hydrogen, the saturated or undersaturated aliphatic series with the straight or branched of 1-20 carbon atom or alicyclic alkyl group; Heteroaryl, there is in its assorted fragrant residue the assorted virtue-C that 3-8 carbon atom and at least one heteroatoms are selected from N, O and S 1-C 6-alkyl, it is optionally selected from C by least one 1-C 6the group of alkyl and/or halogen atom replaced; There is the aryl-aryl-C of 5-12 carbon atom in its aromatic yl residue 1-C 6-alkyl, it is optionally by least one C 1-C 6-alkyl replaces, R 6for perfluoro-ethyl or more senior perfluoroalkyl, and x is the integer of 1-4.
The purposes of 13. claims 12, its cationic C +for trialkylsulfonium cation.
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