CN102625650B - Controlled seed soaks - Google Patents

Controlled seed soaks Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102625650B
CN102625650B CN201080039428.7A CN201080039428A CN102625650B CN 102625650 B CN102625650 B CN 102625650B CN 201080039428 A CN201080039428 A CN 201080039428A CN 102625650 B CN102625650 B CN 102625650B
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seed
class
water
methods according
amount
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CN102625650A (en
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罗伯特·让·勒格罗
弗兰希斯卡·亚伯拉罕·安东尼厄斯·泰特罗
保卢斯·卢多维库斯·塞尔瓦蒂乌斯·克莱曼
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Incotec Europe BV
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06Coating or dressing seed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/02Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to and a kind ofly prepare the method for capsuled seed and relate to a kind of capsuled seed obtained by described method.Method of the present invention comprises the seed providing a kind of non-rudiment, and a) carries out dressing with a kind of coated composition to described seed, and this coated composition comprises one or more adhesives and one or more active components; And b) that described seed is wetting in a kind of liquid, described liquid comprises a certain amount of water being enough to bring out rudiment, and wherein the described amount of water is such, makes water substantially all before described seed germination all by this neutron absorption.

Description

Controlled seed soaks
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind ofly prepare the method for capsuled seed and relate to by the obtainable a kind of capsuled seed of described method.
Background technology
Be in a variety of causes, for seed provides dressing may make us wishing.This kind of dressing can such as protect seed to avoid infringement maybe can reduce dust, maybe can improve the ability of plant by increasing flow performance.Advantageously; this dressing can comprise various active composition; these active components such as can contribute to the various diseases protected seed and/or be selected from such as fungi or bacterium from the seedling antagonism that seed growth goes out, or contribute to protecting seed antagonism to be selected from the various pests of insects or nematoda.In addition, likely application comprises a kind of dressing of various active composition, and these active components are favourable for seed and/or the seedling that grows, such as nutrients class or growth regulator class.In addition, seed pelleting can be used to change the outward appearance (such as by giving seed a kind of coloured and/or a kind of reflexive outward appearance) of seed.Seed pelleting (seed coating) becomes routine operation.
On the other hand, before planting seed is immersed in that to make seed can absorb moisture in water or in the aqueous solution may be favourable.Such seed soaks (particularly for the seed of particular type, such as rice paddy seed) usually cause quickly and more uniformly germinate (stripping), evenly plant crops (plant stand), and faster plant set up.Normally, carry out seed soak by seed being immersed in greatly excessive water, after immersion treatment, excessive water is discharged.
When being to be soaked in seed pelleting and wetting (wetting, moistening) in excessive water or during discharging water, this dressing (comprising any active component be included in wherein) may be washed off in conjunction with time one of institute's problems faced.Which greatly reduces the gross activity of active component on seed.According to soaking conditions, this active component even can completely lose.
By putting upside down dressing described in WOA 2005/077169 and soaking step can not address this problem, because like this needs are had a coating device by each peasant.In addition, after dipping, seed becomes the damage being more subject to mechanical stress in coating steps.In addition, the quantity that can be applied to the coating liquid (slurry) on the wet seed of immersion is limited.
Other having solved the problem are attempted.Such as, it is known that be first immersed in water by seed, and after germination, will the solution spray of active component be comprised on these seeds.But this typically result in active component and make us undesirable non-uniform Distribution on seed
EPA 0904681 describes a kind of method for the treatment of seed, wherein by using semipermeable membrane to control water content.Water content is maintained under such level, is possible in this level or higher than this horizontal rudiment.Between seed and the permeable mass wetting to seed, there is not contact and drying need not be carried out to these seeds after the treatment.The substantially all moisture required for pre-induction rudiment that the document is not taught in seed germination clearly should be absorbed.In addition, this file is not instructed or is proposed to carry out dressing to seed before seed is wetting.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the object of the invention is for sketching above provides a solution and provides a kind of method, and the method advantageously allows with the dressing containing one or more active components, seed to be carried out to dressing and seed is carried out wetting phase is combined.
The present inventor recognize when the water yield (amount of water moisture quantity) being used for soaking seed is adjusted to seed can the absorbent water yield time, the active component in this seed pelleting does not have (or only a small amount of) lose (loss).
Therefore, in a first aspect, the present invention relates to a kind of method preparing capsuled seed, comprise the seed that non-rudiment is provided, and
A) carry out dressing with a kind of coated composition to described seed, this coated composition comprises one or more adhesives and one or more active components; And
B) described seed is wetting in a certain amount of water being enough to bring out rudiment, wherein the described amount of water is such, makes water substantially all before described seed germination all by this neutron absorption.
By using, all moisture is all by a certain amount of water of neutron absorption substantially, and the active component that the present inventor have been surprisingly found that not to be had (or only a small amount of) is washed off from seed.Therefore, method of the present invention allows multiple advantages wetting with seed for multiple advantage of seed pelleting to combine, and this combination is not implemented before this.
Term as used in this application " seed pelleting " meaning refers to any method (process) processed seed with one or more adhesion dressing (coating) layer.This term means and comprises film coating (a continuous or discontinuous layer of using polymer film) and also have granulation (one or more layers of deposition inert material are used for increasing seed weight significantly and are used for improving spermatophyte ability), and their combination.
Term as used in this application " seed soaks " is meant to instruct any method (process) causing a kind of liquid of neutron absorption.Therefore, this seed directly contacts with this liquid.This liquid is preferably water, or a kind of aqueous solution, this aqueous solution can optionally comprise multiple nutrients thing, gene inducing agent such as hair clip albumen (can be purchased from Plant health Care with Harpin), shitosan pentose (can from AgriHouse with YEA! tMbe purchased) or fat chitin oligosaccharide (can from EMD with be purchased), protectant class, growth regulator class, etc.
Term as used in this specification " active component " meaning refers in one way or another to plant or the favourable any component of plant seed.Plant or plant seed comprise the seed of pelletization, real seed, plant seedlings, rhizome, plant cutting or plant part (such as potato tubers or bouquet stem) herein.
Term as used in this specification " rudiment " meaning refers to the process that wherein plumular axis is formed from its surrounding structure.Normally, this is corresponding to forming radicle (radicleemerge) from exosper or pericarp.
The water suction comprised due to non-germinating seed of expression as used in this specification " induction rudiment " meaning starts the physiology course (such as breathing, albumen synthesis, DNA replication dna etc.) in the seed required for rudiment (radicle appearance).
According to method of the present invention, provide the seed of non-rudiment.This can be the seed of any kind.This seed can be pretreated or untreated.In addition, this seed can be monocotyledon (Monocotyledoneae) or the kind (order, order, order, scope) from dicotyledon (Dicotyledoneae).Preferred embodiment from monocotyledonous kind (order) is rice paddy seed.More preferably this seed is selected from the rice paddy seed by the following group formed: Asian Cultivated Rice Japan type (Oryza sativa japonica, japonica rice), Oryza glaberrima Steud Java type (Oryza glaberrimajavanica, java rice), Asian Cultivated Rice indica-type (Oryza sativa indica, long-grained nonglutinous rice), the raw wild rice in natural pond (Zizania palustris) and their crossbred.Preferred embodiment from the kind (order) of dicotyledon is rape (colea, Brassica napus).
Optionally, this seed can be removed shell (so-called seed or the dehusked seeds of shelling).This can come by using twin-roll.Or rather, complete seed can be made to pass through between two cylinders with the predetermined gap between cylinder, and a cylinder has different rotary speeies and direction of rotation from another cylinder.Which results in these two frictions suitable between cylinder and complete seed thus get on except shell from seed.If this operation does not remove shell completely from seed, this operation can be repeated.The rotary speed of this twin-roll and gap can suitably be determined by those of ordinary skill in the art.Such seed shelling may be particularly suitable (such as described in WOA 01/78507) for the situation of rice paddy seed.
Carry out dressing with a kind of coated composition dressing to this seed, this coated composition comprises one or more adhesives and one or more active components.Conventional dressing means can be used to carry out these seeds of dressing.Various coating machine (or dressing machine) is those of ordinary skill in the art available (available).Some technology known comprise use roll coater (drum coaters, cylinder seed-coating machine), fluidization, spin coater (have and do not have integrated functions/drying) and spouted bed (spouted beds).It is additionally possible that carry out film coating (coating) with film forming composition to seed.Film coating directly can be applied on this seed, can also as the outer coatings had on the seed of dressing.
This coated composition comprises one or more adhesives.Multiple suitable adhesive is known.This adhesive can be such as be selected from by the following group formed: polyvinyl acetate class, VA class, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol copolymer class, polyurethane, cellulose family (comprises ethyl cellulose and methylcellulose class, CMC class, hydroxypropyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxymethyl-propyl cellulose class), polyvinyl pyrrole alkanes, dextrin class, maltodextrin class, polysaccharose, fats, grease class, protide, gum Arabic class, shellac class, vinylidene chloride, vinylidene chloride copolymer class, calcium lignosulfonate class, acrylic copolymer class, starch based, polyvinylacrylate class, zeatin class, casein, gelatin, shitosan, amylopectin, polyethylene glycol oxide, ethylene vinyl acetate, acrylimide polymer class and copolymer analog, polyacrylic acid hydroxy methacrylate, methacrylimide monomer class, poly-(N-vinyl acetamide), sodium alginate, polychlorobutadiene and syrup class.Wax class such as Brazil wax, paraffin, Tissuemat E, beeswax and polypropylene wax can also be used as adhesive.These adhesives can individually or two or more use in combination.Preferred adhesive comprises polyvinyl acetate class, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polysaccharose (such as starch), protide, polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone class.
In this coated composition, the quantity of adhesive is normally in the scope of 0.1-100g/kg seed, preferred 0.5-50g/kg seed, more preferably 1-20g/kg seed.Based on the gross weight of this coated composition, in this coated composition, the quantity of adhesive can be 1wt.% or more, preferred 10wt.% or more, and 80wt.% or following, preferred 60wt.% or following.
This coated composition comprises one or more active components further.The suitable example of active component is fungicide class, bactericide class, insecticide class, nematocide class, invertebrate poison class and other biocide classes.Other active component comprises disinfectant class, microbiology class, rat-bane class (rodent killers, rodent agent for killing class), weedicide (classes of herbicides), attractant class, repellant class (repellent agents), plant growth regulator class (such as gibberellic acid, auxin or the basic element of cell division), nutrients class (such as, potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, iron chelate), plant hormone class, mineral matter class, plant extracts class, acaricide class or acaricide, invertebrate poison class, rudiment stimulant class, pheromones class, biologic product class, shitosan, based on chitin (chitine, chitin) preparation class etc.
The quantity of the active component used certainly depend on consumingly active component type and use the type of seed.But normally, the quantity of one or more active components is in the scope of 0.001-200g/kg seed.Technical staff can according to active component and use the type of seed to determine the right quantity of active component.
Typical fungicide comprises captan ((N-trichloromethyl) sulfo--4 cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboximide), tmtd (tetramethyl sulfo-peroxy two carbamide; Can Proseed tMbe purchased), metalaxyl (methyl N-(2,6-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-N-(Methoxyacetyl)-DL-Alanine salt), fludioxonil (4-(2, fluoro-1, the 3-benzodioxole (benzodioxol) of 2-bis--4-base)-1-H-pyrroles-3-nitrile; Can with the form of Metalaxyl-M blend with Maxim tMxL is purchased), Difenoconazole (can Dividend tM3FS is purchased), carbendazim iprodione (can Rovral tMbe purchased), plant bacterium azoles, Metalaxyl-M (can Apron tMxL is purchased), Tebuconazole, carboxin, thiabendazolum, Fluoxastrobin, Prochloraz, with and Evil frost spirit (N-(2,6-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-methoxyl group-N-(2-oxo-3-oxazole alkyl) acetamide).Can fungicide be included in seed coating composition based on the quantity of capsuled seed gross weight 0.0001-10wt.%.
Typical bactericide comprises streptomycin, penicillins, Tetracyclines, ampicillin and Oxolinic Acid.
Typical insecticide class comprises pyrethroid, organophosphorus compounds, carbamoyl oximes, pyrazoles, amidine class, halogenated hydrocarbon, anabasine and carbamates and their derivative class.Especially suitably the insecticide class of classification comprises organophosphorus compounds, phenyl pyrazoles and pyrethroid.Preferred insecticide is known those as follows: Terbufos, Chlorpyrifos, ethiprole, chlorethoxyfos, tefluthrin, Furadan, Imidacloprid and butyl pyrimidine phosphorus.Commercially available insecticide comprises Imidacloprid (can Gaucho tMbe purchased) and clothianidin (can from Bayer with Poncho tMbe purchased), Diacloden (can from Syngenta with Cruiser tMbe purchased) and ethiprole (can from BASF with Regent tMbe purchased).
Commercially available nematocide class comprises Avermectin (can from Syngenta with Avicta tMbe purchased), thiodicarb (can from Bayer with Aeris tMbe purchased).
Typical invertebrate poison class comprise metacetaldehyde (can from Lonza with be purchased) or niclosamidum (can from Bayer with be purchased (.
This coated composition can comprise other component, such as wetting and dispersing additive (sometimes also referred to as pigment dispersing agent), filler, solvent, thickener, colouring agent, defoamer, biocide, surfactant and effect pigment (effect pigment).
Wetting and dispersant can to contribute to inorganic particle to be mixed in seed coating composition and can have positive acting to the fluid ability (flow ability) of capsuled seed further.Suitable wetting and dispersing additive comprises ionic and nonionic product, and comprises the solution of organically-modified polyacrylate, polyacrylate, Sodium Polyacrylate, polyurethane, phosphate, star-type polymer and/or modified polyether.This soaks and dispersing additive can such as to be present in seed coating composition of the present invention based on the quantity of inorganic particle gross weight 0-40wt.%.
Suitable thickener comprises agar, carboxymethyl cellulose, Irish moss, chitin, fucosan, ghatti gum, gum Arabic, karaya, laminarin, tracasol, pectin, alginates, guar gum, xanthans and bassora gum, bentonite, HEUR (carbamate (ethoxylate urethane) of the ethoxylation of hydrophobically modified) thickener class, HASE (the expandable emulsion of alkali of hydrophobically modified) thickener class and polyacrylate.Due to the excellent ability of the thin film physical properties that the low cost of colloid, validity and enhancing generate, usual preferred gums (gum).
Suitable colouring agent can be dyestuff or coloured colouring agent.Suitable dyestuff comprises: anthraquinone, triphenyl methane, phthalocyanine and their derivative, and diazols.Colouring agent can comprise multiple pigment such as pigment red 112 (CAS No.6535-46-2), paratonere 2 (CAS No.6041-94-7), pigment red 4 8:2 (CAS No.7023-61-2), pigment blue 15: 3 (CAS No.147-14-8), pigment green 36 (CAS No.14302-13-7), pigment Green 7 (CAS No.1328-53-6), pigment yellow 74 (CAS No.6358-31-2), pigment orange 5 (CAS No.3468-63-1), pigment Violet 23 (CAS No.6358-30-1), pigment black 7 (CAS No.97793-37-8), and Pigment white 6 (CAS No.98084-96-9).Colouring agent can be present in seed coating composition based on the quantity of coated composition gross weight 0-50wt.%.
That the suitable ц infusion that disappears comprises polyethylene glycol, glycerine, mineral oil antifoam agent class, silicone defoaming agent class and antifoaming agent of non-silicone class (such as polyethers, polyacrylate), dimethyl polysiloxane class (silicone oil), aralkyl are modified is polysiloxane-based, polyether siloxane copolymer containing fumed silica.Defoamer can be present in seed coating composition of the present invention based on the amount of coated composition gross weight 0.1-0.3wt.%.
Suitable effect pigment comprises varigrained pearlescent pigment.Usual use has 15 μm or following granularity, or the effect pigment of 60 μm or following granularity.The granularity of effect pigment is not more than 200 μm usually, is preferably not more than 100 μm.Normally, the granularity of effect pigment is 1 μm or larger.Another kind of effect pigment can be aluminium.All effect pigments are often used in these seeds produce good aesthetic appeal.
A kind of biocide can be comprised to extend the shelf-life of seed coating composition before being administered on seed in seed coating composition of the present invention, such as, when being stored.Suitable biocide comprises MIT (MIT, CAS No.2682-20-4) and BIT (BIT; CAS No.2632-33-5).
In one embodiment, this coated composition comprises inert carrier further (for environment, not there is for the seed particularly some existed or the plant that grows the carrier of the deleterious consequence that can detect) thin slice (flake) of the thin polymer film of translucent, be used for as these seeds provide the outward appearance (as described in WO-A-03/003812) of reverberation.Preferably, this translucent thin polymer film comprises the particle of reverberation.
Method of the present invention needs the step being carried out in a liquid by seed soaking further.This liquid comprises a certain amount of water being enough to induce rudiment, and wherein the described amount of water is such, makes water substantially all before described seed germination all by neutron absorption.This liquid can be made up of water, but can optionally comprise other component.This liquid can also be such as a kind of aqueous solution comprising such as multiple nutrients thing.
Soak to have come with an one step, but in two or more steps of also possibly separating in time, seed is soaked, if the total amount of the water used be enough to induction rudiment and all water substantially provided before rudiment all fallen by neutron absorption.
In one embodiment, carry out wetting continuing at least 5 minutes in an one step.The definite duration of moistening step depends on the type of seed.This moistening step such as can carry out at least 10 minutes or at least 1 hour.In addition, depend on the type of seed, this moistening step is not preferably continued above 72 hours, more preferably no more than 48 hours, or is no more than 30 hours.
This seed usually at 0-40 DEG C of temperature (such as 5-40 DEG C) soak, this depends on the type of seed.Such as, preferably at 25-35 DEG C of temperature, such as, at 25-30 DEG C rice paddy seed is soaked, and preferably at 15-25 DEG C of temperature, OSR (rape) seed is soaked.
Normally, the amount of water is the 20-50wt.% based on the total weight in wet base of seed (total wet seed weight) (namely comprising the seed weight of absorbed moisture after moistening step), be preferably based on the 25-40wt.% of the total weight in wet base of seed, more preferably based on the 30-35wt.% of the total weight in wet base of seed.At the end of moistening step, the water activity (water activity, water activity) of this seed preferably 0.95 or higher, more preferably 0.98 or higher, and most preferably in the scope of 0.99-1.0.
In wetting phase process, preferably seed is overturn, roll or manually move.Which results in seed to seed evenly moisture absorption and better coefficient of oxygen utilization.
In addition, during wettability treatment, (such as in the solution) is likely added the compound of releasing oxygen and/or the oxygen of gas form thus is met at least some oxygen needs of the seed of induction rudiment.
According to the present invention, the quantity (amount of water) of moisture be such to make before seed germination substantially all moisture all by neutron absorption.This expression to be meant to before rudiment for the 95-100wt.% of the wetting water yield by neutron absorption, preferred 98-100wt.%, more preferably 100wt.%.
Preferably before wetting, dressing is carried out to these seeds according to the present invention.Advantageously, this makes the active component be present in seed pelleting be absorbed in seed together with the moisture provided during moistening step.Due to the moisture of limited quantity, these one or more active components can not be washed off or be slatterned.
One can be carried out optional hatch (incubation, incubation) step, under during this period seed being remained on high water content and specified temp after this moistening step.Preferably, during incubation the water activity of seed is remained on the numerical value of 0.95 or higher, more preferably 0.98 or higher, and most preferably in the scope of 0.99-1.0.Such incubation step can make rudiment process proceed further.Hatching of seed can such as be carried out at the temperature of 5-40 DEG C, such as 25-35 DEG C, at the temperature of 25-30 DEG C, 15-25 DEG C or 15-20 DEG C.
In one embodiment, these seeds are made to experience a heat treatment process.This thermal treatment can be carried out before or after the inventive method.This thermal treatment can be related to the heat (non-water-borne heat) that seed provides non-water to give, according to the situation of seed and moisture (moisture content, water content), processing time and temperature are regulated simultaneously.More specifically, by providing hot-air, by heating and continuous for these seeds short time durations to predetermined temperature, and can not change the moisture of seed.After this, these seeds can be incubated under steady temperature and moisture in predetermined time period.Disclose in such thermal treatment such as WO A97/38734.Such thermal treatment is used to allow effectively to be sterilized to seed by the heating carefully controlled.
Optionally, after method of the present invention has completed, extra moisture can be applied on seed, such as, for promoting the growth after rudiment.
In other at one, the present invention be directed to by the obtainable seed of the inventive method.High moisture content (typically 25-50wt.%) and the dressing that comprises active component advantageously combine by this seed.
Embodiment
To be further described the present invention by embodiment below now, these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention by any way.
Embodiment 1
For first embodiment, use the paddy rice Japan type seed of cultivar more light (koshihikari).In with a 30cm spin coater of rotating circular disk, dressing is carried out to this seed.Batch is 575g.With film coating preparation Disco AG red L200 (can be purchased from Incotec), water and 70WP (can be purchased from Bayer) makes a kind of mixture under the weight ratio of 10: 15: 12.6.By this mixture with such dose application in this coating machine (coating machine, seed-coating machine), make dosage is 12.6g/kg seed.Subsequently at 35 DEG C in a seed drier by this seed batch drying 2 hours.The moisture obtained a kind of baking oven experimental program (at 130 DEG C 4 hours) is measured, and is the 11.5wt.% based on the total weight in wet base of seed.
Based on the water content (27.5wt.% and 30wt.%) of objective result after determined water content (11.5%) and process, go out according to formulae discovery below and have the water yield to be added in moistening step:
W wa = MC 2 ( 100 % - MC 2 ) × W s × ( 100 % - MC 1 ) - W s × MC 1
Wherein W wabe in gram have water weight to be added, MC 1the seed original water content in wt.%, MC 2the seed target moisture content in wt.%, and W sbe in gram the initial seed weight weight of seed (that is, before moistening step).
After film coating and drying seed moisture content content be 11.5wt.% and target moisture content is 27.5wt.%, 126.9g water must be added in 575g seed.
Be that the capsuled seed of 575g is poured into and had in the container of seal cover by quantity.Add the water of number of computations and this lid is placed on this container.Shake this container to make water distribution in seed.Then 24-48 hour is continued at this container being placed in 30 DEG C.Manually every for this seed receptacle 24 hours are inverted and are returned upset twice to reallocate with making uniform moisture at this time durations.After the wetting phase, the water of all interpolations is all absorbed.The seed processed (800/ process) is planted in the rudiment case of the Japanese Rice soil containing 510ml water saturation, after this covers on these seed tops with 255ml Japanese Rice soil.After sowing, by two soil horizon compactings (press).
Germination conditions is at 28-30 DEG C 3 days and then at 25 DEG C in greenhouse 4 weeks in the dark.
Be 30 minutes with overflow time (flood time), within every 2 days, tide system is once carried out water (watering supplies water) in greenhouse; Afterwards, when plant starts to grow really, (watering) scheme should be increased to every day 1 time.
The result of these embodiments is shown in Figure 1.The figure illustrates two comparative samples, wherein capsuled seed not wetted (above 2 chests); Four samples, wherein capsuled seed wetted 24 little up to moisture be 27.5wt.% based on wetting seed weight; Four samples, wherein capsuled seed wetted 24 little up to moisture be 30wt.% based on wetting seed weight; Four samples, wherein capsuled seed wetted 48 little up to moisture be 27.5wt.% based on wetting seed weight, and four samples, wherein capsuled seed wetted 48 little up to moisture be 30wt.% based on wetting seed weight.This figure clearly illustrates that compared with the seed of comparative sample, with the seed growth of the inventive method process obtain faster and evenly.
Embodiment 2
For second embodiment, use the paddy rice indica-type seed of cultivar OMCS 2000.In with a 30cm spin coater (or seed-coating machine) of rotating circular disk, dressing is carried out to this seed.Batch is 575g.With film coating preparation Disco AG red L200 (can be purchased from Incotec), water and 70WP (can be purchased from Syngenta) makes a kind of mixture under the weight ratio of 10: 20: 16.By this mixture with such dose application in this coating machine, make dosage is 16g/kg seed.Subsequently at 35 DEG C in a seed drier by this seed batch drying 2 hours.The moisture obtained a kind of baking oven experimental program (at 130 DEG C 4 hours) is measured, and is the 9.5wt.% based on the total weight in wet base of seed.
Based on the water content of objective result after determined water content and process, calculate the water yield to be added.Such as: after film coating and drying seed moisture content content be 9.5wt.% and target moisture content is 27.5wt.%, 142.8g water must be added in 575g seed.
Be that the seed of 575g is poured into and had in the container of seal cover by quantity.Add the water of number of computations and this lid is placed on this container.Shake this container to make water distribution in seed.Then 24-48 hour is continued at this container being placed in 30 DEG C.Continuously this seed receptacle be inverted during this and return upset to be reallocated by moisture.After during this, moisture content is absorbed.This water activity be determine at the end of the wetting phase and be 0.997.
In order to compare, also process with the seed of safe formula infusion method to equal number of the routine using excessive water (2 liters).After the treatment, by the HPLC method (UV-detector 220nm, C18 reversed-phase column and methyl alcohol) of standard, remaining active component is measured.This result compared is shown in Figure 2.This figure clearly shows and is retained in (dotted line) on seed according to this active component of the present invention, and soaks for (using excessive water) for routine, and all active components are all washed away (solid line).
Fig. 3 shows the rudiment curve (cumulative germinationcurve) of the accumulation of the seed of embodiment 2.This figure shows and is not only experienced (curve A compared with controlled wetting seed by dressing, the seed of film coating (or bag quilt)), with the seed of the inventive method process (curve B, the seed of film coating (or bag quilt) wetting 24 little up to water content be 27.5wt.%; And curve C, film-coated seed wetting 48 little up to water content be 27.5wt.%) cause rudiment faster.
Embodiment 3
For the 3rd embodiment, use rape OSR (Brassicanapus) seed of cultivar 43A56.In with a 30cm spin coater (or seed-coating machine) of rotating circular disk, dressing is carried out to this seed.Batch is 500g.With film coating preparation Disco Agroblue L204 (can be purchased from Incotec) and oSR (can be purchased from Syngenta) makes a kind of mixture under the weight ratio of 10: 17.2.By this mixture with such dose application in this coating machine (or seed-coating machine), make dosage is 17.2g/kg seed.Subsequently at 35 DEG C in a seed drier by this seed batch drying 0.5 hour.The moisture obtained a kind of baking oven experimental program (at 130 DEG C 4 hours) is measured, and is the 5.03wt.% based on the total weight in wet base of seed.
Based on the water content (thetarget resulting water content) (38.0wt.%) of objective result after determined water content (5.03%) and process, using the equation described in embodiment 1 to calculate in moistening step has the water yield to be added.After film coating and drying seed moisture content content be 5.03wt.% and target moisture content is 38.0wt.%, 265.9g water must be added in 500g seed.
Be that the capsuled seed of 500g is poured into and had in the container of seal cover by quantity.Add the water of number of computations and this lid is placed on this container.Shake this container to make water distribution in seed.Then 24 hours are continued at this container being placed in 30 DEG C.During this, manually every for this seed receptacle 24 hours are inverted and are returned upset twice to reallocate with making uniform moisture.After the wetting phase, the water of all interpolations is all absorbed.
Germination conditions is in the dark in water saturated filter paper top upper 20 day at 5 DEG C.Within every 24 hours, carry out rudiment counting to determine rudiment feature.The rudiment result of this embodiment is shown in the accumulation rudiment curve of Fig. 4, and wherein the percentage of germinating seed illustrates as the function of time.This figure shows and is not only experienced (curve 2 compared with controlled wetting seed by dressing, film-coated seed), with the seed of the inventive method process (curve 1, film-coated seed wetting 24 little up to water content be 38.0wt.%) cause rudiment faster.

Claims (25)

1. for the preparation of a method for capsuled seed, comprise seed that non-rudiment is provided and
A) carry out dressing with coated composition to described seed, described coated composition comprises one or more adhesives and one or more active components;
B) soaked in a liquid by described seed, described liquid comprises a certain amount of water being enough to bring out rudiment, and wherein the described amount of water is such, makes water substantially all before described seed germination all by described neutron absorption; And
C) before described seed germination, make described neutron absorption for the 95-100wt.% of the amount of the water of described moistening step,
Wherein, before described seed is wetting, dressing is carried out to described seed, and
Described moistening step carried out before described seed germination.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein in step b) at the end of the water activity of described seed be 0.95 or higher.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the described amount of water is the 20-50wt.% based on the total weight in wet base of seed.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the described amount of water is such, to make before described seed germination for the 95-100wt.% of the amount of wetting water by described neutron absorption.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, in described wetting phase process, by described seed upset, rolls or manually moves.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2, one or more adhesives wherein said are selected from by the following group formed: polyvinyl acetate class, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polysaccharose, protide, polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone class.
7. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the amount of one or more adhesives is in the scope of 0.3-30g/kg seed.
8. method according to claim 1 and 2, one or more active components wherein said are selected from by the following group formed: insecticide class, nematocide class, disinfectant class, microbiology class, rat-bane class, classes of herbicides, attractant class, repellant class, plant growth regulator class, nutrients class, plant hormone class, mineral matter class, plant extracts class, acaricide class or acaricide, invertebrate poison class, biologic product class, shitosan and based on chitinous preparation class.
9. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the amount of one or more active components is in the scope of 0.001-200g/kg seed.
10. method according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said seed is selected from monocotyledonous kind.
11. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said seed is selected from the kind of dicotyledon.
12. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein carry out during described moistening step continues in 5 minutes to 72 hours window.
13. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein carry out described moistening step at 5-40 DEG C.
14. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein make described seed experience incubation step after described soaking.
15. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said liquid is the aqueous solution, and the described aqueous solution comprises one or more and is selected from the group be made up of following material: nutrients; Gene inducing agent; Protectant class; Growth regulator class.
16. methods according to claim 1, wherein in step b) at the end of the water activity of described seed be 0.98 or higher.
17. methods according to claim 1, wherein in step b) at the end of the water activity of described seed in the scope of 0.99-1.0.
18. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the described amount of water is the 25-40wt.% based on the total weight in wet base of seed.
19. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the described amount of water is the 30-35wt.% based on the total weight in wet base of seed.
20. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the described amount of water is such, to make before described seed germination for the 98-100wt.% of the amount of wetting water by described neutron absorption.
21. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the described amount of water is such, to make before described seed germination for the 100wt.% of the amount of wetting water by described neutron absorption.
22. methods according to claim 1 and 2, wherein said seed is rice paddy seed.
23. methods according to claim 22, wherein said rice paddy seed is selected from by the following group formed: Asian Cultivated Rice Japan type, Oryza glaberrima Steud Java type, Asian Cultivated Rice indica-type, the raw wild rice in natural pond and their crossbred.
24. methods according to claim 1 and 2, one or more adhesives wherein said are selected from by the following group formed: polyvinyl acetate class, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, starch, protide, polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone class.
25. methods according to claim 1 and 2, one or more active components wherein said are selected from by the following group formed: fungicide class, bactericide class, rudiment stimulant class and pheromones class.
CN201080039428.7A 2009-09-04 2010-09-03 Controlled seed soaks Expired - Fee Related CN102625650B (en)

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