JP7302941B2 - Rice seed bird damage prevention agent and rice seed bird damage prevention method - Google Patents
Rice seed bird damage prevention agent and rice seed bird damage prevention method Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、イネ種子鳥害防止剤及びイネ種子鳥害防止方法に関する。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a rice seed bird damage prevention agent and a rice seed bird damage prevention method.
水稲直播栽培は、イネ種子を直接水田に播く栽培方法であり、育苗や移植作業が不要であるため農作業の省力化を図ることができる等の利点を有する一方、カモやスズメ等の鳥による食害(鳥害)を受け易いという欠点も有している。鳥害による苗立ち率の低下は減収につながるため、鳥害回避策が切望されてきた。従来の鳥害回避策としては、例えば、水管理により鳥害を防止する方法が提案されているが、鳥の種類に応じて管理方法を変更する必要がある(例えば、非特許文献1参照)。 Direct seeding of paddy rice is a cultivation method in which rice seeds are sown directly in the paddy field. It does not require raising seedlings or transplanting work, so it has the advantage of saving labor in agricultural work. It also has the drawback of being susceptible to (bird damage). A reduction in the rate of seedling establishment due to bird damage leads to a decrease in yield, so measures to avoid bird damage have been desired. As a conventional bird damage avoidance method, for example, a method of preventing bird damage by water management has been proposed, but it is necessary to change the management method according to the type of bird (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). .
本発明は、水稲直播栽培におけるイネ種子への鳥害を防止するイネ種子鳥害防止剤及びイネ種子鳥害防止方法を提供することを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide an agent for preventing bird damage to rice seeds and a method for preventing bird damage to rice seeds in direct seeding cultivation of paddy rice.
本発明者等は、このような課題を解決すべく検討した結果、酸化亜鉛をイネ種子に付着させ、これを直接水田に播くと、イネ種子への鳥害を防止することができることを見出した。
すなわち、本発明は以下の通りである。
[1] 酸化亜鉛を含有するイネ種子鳥害防止剤。
[2] 酸化亜鉛の平均粒径が0.01~100μmである[1]に記載のイネ種子鳥害防止剤。
[3] 酸化亜鉛の含有量が0.1~100重量%である[1]または[2]に記載のイネ種子鳥害防止剤。
[4] [1]~[3]のいずれか1項に記載のイネ種子鳥害防止剤をイネ種子に付着させる工程を有するイネ種子鳥害防止方法。
As a result of investigations aimed at solving such problems, the present inventors found that it is possible to prevent bird damage to rice seeds by adhering zinc oxide to rice seeds and sowing them directly in paddy fields. .
That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] A rice seed bird injury inhibitor containing zinc oxide.
[2] The rice seed bird damage inhibitor according to [1], wherein the zinc oxide has an average particle size of 0.01 to 100 μm.
[3] The rice seed bird damage inhibitor according to [1] or [2], wherein the content of zinc oxide is 0.1 to 100% by weight.
[4] A method for preventing bird damage to rice seeds, comprising the step of adhering the agent for preventing bird damage to rice seeds according to any one of [1] to [3] to rice seeds.
本発明により、イネ種子への鳥害を防止することができる。 According to the present invention, bird damage to rice seeds can be prevented.
本発明のイネ種子鳥害防止剤(以下、本防止剤と記す)は、酸化亜鉛を含有することを特徴とする。 The rice seed bird damage inhibitor of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present inhibitor) is characterized by containing zinc oxide.
本発明においてイネ種子とは、イネとして一般的に栽培されている品種の種子を指す。該品種としては、ジャポニカ種やインディカ種等が挙げられるが、耐倒伏性や発芽性の高い品種が好ましい。 In the present invention, the rice seeds refer to the seeds of varieties that are generally cultivated as rice. Examples of the cultivar include japonica and indica, but cultivars with high lodging resistance and germination are preferred.
本発明において酸化亜鉛とは、ZnOで示される化合物を指し、市販されている酸化亜鉛を用いることができる。市販されている酸化亜鉛としては、例えば酸化亜鉛 3N5(関東化学株式会社製)及び酸化亜鉛一種(日本化学工業株式会社製)が挙げられる。本発明においては、純度が99%以上(該酸化亜鉛に対する重量%)である酸化亜鉛の使用が好ましい。酸化亜鉛の純度は、日本工業規格(JIS)K1410に規定される試験方法により求められる。また、通常は粉状の酸化亜鉛を用い、該酸化亜鉛の平均粒径は、0.01~100μm、好ましくは0.1~50μm、より好ましくは0.1~10μmの範囲である。本発明において酸化亜鉛の平均粒径とは、レーザー回折・散乱式の粒度分布測定装置で測定される粒径であり、体積基準頻度分布において累積頻度で50%となる粒径を指す。酸化亜鉛の平均粒径は、レーザー回折・散乱式の粒度分布測定装置として、マスターサイザー2000(Malvern製)を用い、水中に酸化亜鉛の粒子を分散させて測定する方法所謂湿式測定により求めることができる。 In the present invention, zinc oxide refers to a compound represented by ZnO, and commercially available zinc oxide can be used. Examples of commercially available zinc oxide include zinc oxide 3N5 (manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd.) and zinc oxide 1 (manufactured by Nippon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.). In the present invention, it is preferable to use zinc oxide having a purity of 99% or more (% by weight relative to the zinc oxide). The purity of zinc oxide is determined by the test method specified in Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) K1410. Also, powdery zinc oxide is usually used, and the average particle size of the zinc oxide is in the range of 0.01 to 100 μm, preferably 0.1 to 50 μm, more preferably 0.1 to 10 μm. In the present invention, the average particle size of zinc oxide is a particle size measured by a laser diffraction/scattering type particle size distribution analyzer, and refers to a particle size with a cumulative frequency of 50% in the volume-based frequency distribution. The average particle size of zinc oxide can be determined by a so-called wet measurement method in which zinc oxide particles are dispersed in water and measured using Mastersizer 2000 (manufactured by Malvern) as a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution measuring device. can.
本防止剤は、酸化亜鉛のみから構成されていてもよく、結合剤、界面活性剤及び担体等のその他の成分を含有していてもよい。かかる結合剤としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ウレタン樹脂及びブタジエン共重合体等の合成樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール及びポリビニルピロリドン等の水溶性合成高分子、アルファー澱粉等の天然物由来の高分子が挙げられる。
本防止剤における酸化亜鉛の含有量は、通常0.1~100重量%、好ましくは1~100重量%である。本防止剤が酸化亜鉛のみからなる場合、本防止剤における酸化亜鉛の含有量は100重量%である。
The inhibitor may consist solely of zinc oxide or may contain other ingredients such as binders, surfactants and carriers. Examples of such binders include synthetic resins such as acrylic resins, vinyl acetate resins, urethane resins and butadiene copolymers, water-soluble synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polymers derived from natural products such as alpha starch. is mentioned.
The content of zinc oxide in the inhibitor is generally 0.1 to 100% by weight, preferably 1 to 100% by weight. When the inhibitor consists only of zinc oxide, the content of zinc oxide in the inhibitor is 100% by weight.
本防止剤は、イネ種子への鳥害を防止するために、イネ種子に付着させて用いられる。本発明のイネ種子鳥害防止方法(以下、本防止方法と記す)は、本防止剤をイネ種子に付着させる工程を有する。該工程は、鉄コーティング等の公知のコーティング方法に準じて実施することができる。具体的には、イネ種子を転動させながら、本防止剤、必要に応じ結合剤及び水を添加することにより、本防止剤をイネ種子に付着させることができる。本防止剤が、酸化亜鉛のみから構成されている場合は、結合剤を用いて酸化亜鉛をイネ種子に付着させる。イネ種子を転動させる装置としては、コーティングマシン等の公知のコーティング方法において用いられる装置を用いることができる。
本防止方法における本防止剤の添加量は、酸化亜鉛の重量として、イネ種子10kgあたり、通常0.005~7kg、好ましくは0.05~7kg、さらに好ましくは0.05~1.5kgである。
This inhibitor is applied to rice seeds in order to prevent bird damage to rice seeds. The rice seed bird damage prevention method of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present prevention method) comprises a step of adhering the present inhibitor to rice seeds. This step can be carried out according to a known coating method such as iron coating. Specifically, the present inhibitor can be adhered to the rice seeds by adding the present inhibitor, optionally a binder and water while rolling the rice seeds. When the inhibitor consists only of zinc oxide, a binder is used to attach the zinc oxide to the rice seeds. As an apparatus for rolling rice seeds, an apparatus used in a known coating method such as a coating machine can be used.
The amount of the present inhibitor added in the present prevention method is usually 0.005 to 7 kg, preferably 0.05 to 7 kg, and more preferably 0.05 to 1.5 kg per 10 kg of rice seeds, in terms of weight of zinc oxide. .
前記工程を実施した後、前記工程で得られたイネ種子を直接水田に播く工程を実施する。本発明において水田とは、湛水された水田及び落水された水田のいずれかを指す。該工程は、具体的には、「鉄コーティング湛水直播マニュアル 2010」(山内稔、独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 近畿中国四国農業研究センター、2010年3月、非特許文献1)に記載の方法に準じて実施する。その際、鉄まきちゃん(株式会社クボタ製)等の鉄コーティング用直播機を用いてもよい。播種後は、通常の栽培条件に保つことによりイネを生育させることができる。
また、播種前、播種と同時または播種後に農薬及び肥料を施用してもよい。かかる農薬としては殺菌剤、殺虫剤及び除草剤等が挙げられる。
After implementing the said process, the process of sowing the rice seed obtained by the said process directly in a paddy field is implemented. In the present invention, a paddy field refers to either a flooded paddy field or a submerged paddy field. Specifically, the process is "Iron Coating Flooded Direct Sowing Manual 2010" (Minoru Yamauchi, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kinki Chugoku-Shikoku Agricultural Research Center, March 2010, Non-Patent Document 1) It is carried out according to the method described in . At that time, a direct seeding machine for iron coating such as Tetsumaki-chan (manufactured by Kubota Corporation) may be used. After sowing, the rice can be grown under normal cultivation conditions.
In addition, pesticides and fertilizers may be applied before seeding, simultaneously with seeding, or after seeding. Such agricultural chemicals include fungicides, insecticides and herbicides.
本発明により、水稲直播栽培における鳥害を防止することができる。水稲直播栽培においてイネ種子を食害する鳥としては、スズメ、カモ、カラス及びハト等が挙げられる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent bird damage in direct seeding cultivation of paddy rice. Examples of birds that feed on rice seeds in direct seeding of paddy rice include sparrows, ducks, crows and pigeons.
本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明する。 The present invention will be explained in more detail by way of examples.
まず、製造例を示す。 First, a manufacturing example is shown.
以下の製造例においては、特に断りのない限り、イネ種子はヒノヒカリの種子を用い、製造は室温下(約20℃)にて実施した。また、%は、重量%を表す。
製造例に記載された商品名は以下の通りである。
酸化亜鉛3N5:酸化亜鉛、関東化学株式会社製、平均粒径;7.7μm
酸化亜鉛一種:酸化亜鉛、日本化学工業株式会社製、平均粒径;0.26μm
酸化亜鉛二種:酸化亜鉛、日本化学工業株式会社製、平均粒径;0.24μm
炭酸カルシウムG-100:炭酸カルシウム、三共精粉株式会社製
スーパーフレックス500M:ウレタン樹脂、合成樹脂含量;45%、第一工業製薬株式会社製
Mowinyl-Powder LDM7000P:アクリル樹脂、合成樹脂含量;85%、日本合成化学工業株式会社製
クラレポバール PVA220S:ポリビニルアルコール、けん化度:87.0~89.0mol%、重合度2000、株式会社クラレ製
ベントナイト穂高:モンモリロナイト、株式会社ホージュン製
アミコールW:アルファー澱粉、日澱化學株式会社製
ソルポール5080:ポリオキシエチレントリスチリルフェニルエーテル、東邦化学工業株式会社製
In the following production examples, Hinohikari seeds were used as rice seeds unless otherwise specified, and the production was carried out at room temperature (about 20°C). Moreover, % represents % by weight.
The trade names described in the manufacturing examples are as follows.
Zinc oxide 3N5: Zinc oxide, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., average particle size: 7.7 μm
One kind of zinc oxide: Zinc oxide, manufactured by Nippon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., average particle size: 0.26 μm
Two types of zinc oxide: Zinc oxide, manufactured by Nippon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., average particle size: 0.24 μm
Calcium carbonate G-100: Calcium carbonate, Superflex 500M manufactured by Sankyo Seifun Co., Ltd.: Urethane resin, synthetic resin content; 45%, Mowinyl-Powder LDM7000P manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.: Acrylic resin, synthetic resin content; 85% , Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Kuraray Poval PVA220S: Polyvinyl alcohol, Saponification degree: 87.0 to 89.0 mol%, Polymerization degree 2000, Kuraray bentonite Hotaka: Montmorillonite, Hojun Co., Ltd. Amicol W: Alpha starch, Solpol 5080 manufactured by Nippon Starch Chemical Co., Ltd.: Polyoxyethylene tristyryl phenyl ether, manufactured by Toho Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
製造例1
まず、用いるイネ種子が少量の場合にコーティング可能な簡易種子コーティングマシンを作製した。図1に示すように、シャフト1の先に500mL容量のポリエチレン製カップ2を取りつけ、それを攪拌機3(スリーワンモータ、新東科学株式会社製)のドライブシャフトに挿入し、仰角が45度になるように攪拌機3を斜めにしてスタンド4に取りつけることにより、簡易種子コーティングマシンを作製した。
スーパーフレックス500M 0.22g及び水0.19gを混合してスーパーフレックス500M水希釈液0.41gを得た。
200mL容量のポリエチレン製カップに水を100mL程度入れ、そこへ乾燥イネ種子20gを投入し、10分間浸種した。その後、イネ種子を水中から取り出し、表面の過剰な水分を除去した後、作製した簡易種子コーティングマシンに取りつけられたポリエチレン製カップ2に投入した。簡易種子コーティングマシンを攪拌機3の回転数130~140rpmの範囲で作動させてイネ種子を転動状態にし、イネ種子にスーパーフレックス500M水希釈液0.41g及び酸化亜鉛一種1.0gを添加することにより、酸化亜鉛をイネ種子に付着させた。次いで、簡易種子コーティングマシンを作動させたままにしてイネ種子の転動状態を維持し、ソルポール5080 0.1gを投入してコーティングした酸化亜鉛の表面に付着させた。簡易種子コーティングマシンから取り出したイネ種子をステンレス鋼製バットに重ならないよう広げ、一晩乾燥させることにより酸化亜鉛コーティングイネ種子(1)を得た。
Production example 1
First, we constructed a simple seed coating machine that can be used to coat a small amount of rice seeds. As shown in FIG. 1, a
0.22 g of Superflex 500M and 0.19 g of water were mixed to obtain 0.41 g of a water dilution of Superflex 500M.
About 100 mL of water was placed in a 200 mL capacity polyethylene cup, and 20 g of dry rice seeds were put therein and soaked for 10 minutes. After that, the rice seeds were taken out of the water, excess moisture on the surface was removed, and the seeds were put into a
製造例2
酸化亜鉛二種0.5g、炭酸カルシウムG-100 9.5g及びMowinyl-Powder LDM7000P 0.4gを混合して本防止剤(1)を得た。
以下の操作は製造例1に記載の方法に準じて行った。乾燥イネ種子20gを浸種した後、簡易種子コーティングマシンを用いて転動状態にし、霧吹きで水をイネ種子に噴霧しながら本防止剤(1)10.4gを添加し、イネ種子に付着させた。イネ種子に噴霧した水の全量は1.6gであった。次いで、簡易種子コーティングマシンを作動させたままにしてイネ種子の転動状態を維持し、ソルポール5080 0.4gを投入してコーティングした酸化亜鉛の表面に付着させた。簡易種子コーティングマシンから取り出したイネ種子をステンレス鋼製バットに重ならないよう広げ、一晩乾燥させることにより酸化亜鉛コーティングイネ種子(2)を得た。
Production example 2
The present inhibitor (1) was obtained by mixing 0.5 g of two types of zinc oxide, 9.5 g of calcium carbonate G-100 and 0.4 g of Mowinyl-Powder LDM7000P.
The following operations were carried out according to the method described in Production Example 1. After 20 g of dry rice seeds were soaked, they were placed in a tumbling state using a simple seed coating machine, and 10.4 g of this inhibitor (1) was added while spraying water onto the rice seeds with a sprayer to adhere to the rice seeds. . The total amount of water sprayed on rice seeds was 1.6 g. The simple seed coating machine was then left running to keep the rice seeds rolling, and 0.4 g of Sorpol 5080 was added to adhere to the surface of the coated zinc oxide. The rice seeds taken out from the simple seed coating machine were spread on a stainless steel vat so as not to overlap and dried overnight to obtain zinc oxide-coated rice seeds (2).
製造例3
酸化亜鉛3N5 5.0g、炭酸カルシウムG-100 5.0g、クラレポバール PVA220S 0.1g及びベントナイト穂高0.25gを混合して本防止剤(2)を得た。
以下の操作は製造例2に記載の方法に準じて行った。本防止剤(1)10.4gに代えて本防止剤(2)10.35gを添加してイネ種子に付着させた。イネ種子に噴霧した水の全量は2.8gであった。次いで、ソルポール5080 0.1gを、コーティングした酸化亜鉛の表面に付着させ、乾燥させることにより、酸化亜鉛コーティングイネ種子(3)を得た。
Production example 3
An inhibitor (2) was obtained by mixing 5.0 g of zinc oxide 3N5, 5.0 g of calcium carbonate G-100, 0.1 g of Kuraray Poval PVA220S and 0.25 g of bentonite.
The following operations were carried out according to the method described in Production Example 2. Instead of 10.4 g of the present inhibitor (1), 10.35 g of the present inhibitor (2) was added and adhered to rice seeds. The total amount of water sprayed on rice seeds was 2.8 g. Next, 0.1 g of Sorpol 5080 was applied to the surface of the coated zinc oxide and dried to obtain zinc oxide-coated rice seeds (3).
製造例4
酸化亜鉛二種 2.5g、炭酸カルシウムG-100 7.5g及びアミコールW 0.4gを混合して本防止剤(3)を得た。
以下の操作は製造例2に記載の方法に準じて行った。本防止剤(1)に代えて本防止剤(3)を添加してイネ種子に付着させた。イネ種子に噴霧した水の全量は2.0gであった。次いで、乾燥させることにより、酸化亜鉛コーティングイネ種子(4)を得た。
Production example 4
This inhibitor (3) was obtained by mixing 2.5 g of
The following operations were carried out according to the method described in Production Example 2. In place of the present inhibitor (1), the present inhibitor (3) was added and adhered to rice seeds. The total amount of water sprayed on rice seeds was 2.0 g. Then, by drying, a zinc oxide-coated rice seed (4) was obtained.
次に、試験例を示す。 Next, test examples are shown.
試験例1
プラスチックシャーレに土壌約30gを入れて、水で湿らせた後、酸化亜鉛コーティングイネ種子50粒を土壌表面に播いた。該プラスチックシャーレを屋外に静置し、タイムラプスカメラで撮影することにより該プラスチックシャーレの様子を観察するとともに、播種1日後に残存するイネ種子を計数し、以下の式より残存率を算出した。
残存率(%)=播種1日後に残存するイネ種子数/50×100
結果を表1に示す。なお、表1においてイネ種子(対照)とは、何もコーティングされていないイネ種子を指し、該種子はスズメ等の鳥により食害されたため、残存率が0%であった。
Test example 1
About 30 g of soil was placed in a plastic petri dish and moistened with water, and then 50 zinc oxide-coated rice seeds were sown on the surface of the soil. The plastic petri dish was left to stand outdoors and photographed with a time-lapse camera to observe the state of the plastic petri dish.
Survival rate (%) = Number of rice seeds remaining 1 day after sowing/50 x 100
Table 1 shows the results. In Table 1, rice seeds (control) refer to rice seeds that were not coated with anything, and since the seeds were eaten by birds such as sparrows, the survival rate was 0%.
1 シャフト
2 ポリエチレン製カップ
3 攪拌機
4 スタンド
1
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JP2000342017A (en) | 1999-06-03 | 2000-12-12 | Masashi Watanabe | Production of coated seed |
JP2012183059A (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2012-09-27 | Jfe Steel Corp | Iron powder for auxiliary-material-containing seed coating, iron powder for auxiliary-material-adhered seed coating, alloy steel powder for seed coating, and seed coated with iron powder for auxiliary-material-containing seed coating, iron powder for auxiliary-material-adhered seed coating or alloy steel powder for seed coating |
JP2013208106A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2013-10-10 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | Plant propagation material and method for cultivation of the same |
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JP2000342017A (en) | 1999-06-03 | 2000-12-12 | Masashi Watanabe | Production of coated seed |
JP2012183059A (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2012-09-27 | Jfe Steel Corp | Iron powder for auxiliary-material-containing seed coating, iron powder for auxiliary-material-adhered seed coating, alloy steel powder for seed coating, and seed coated with iron powder for auxiliary-material-containing seed coating, iron powder for auxiliary-material-adhered seed coating or alloy steel powder for seed coating |
JP2013208106A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2013-10-10 | National Agriculture & Food Research Organization | Plant propagation material and method for cultivation of the same |
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