CN1026250C - 提高热模离心球墨铸铁管延伸率的方法 - Google Patents

提高热模离心球墨铸铁管延伸率的方法 Download PDF

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CN1026250C
CN1026250C CN89108922A CN92109661A CN1026250C CN 1026250 C CN1026250 C CN 1026250C CN 89108922 A CN89108922 A CN 89108922A CN 92109661 A CN92109661 A CN 92109661A CN 1026250 C CN1026250 C CN 1026250C
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王晓冰
杨钧
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Beijing Iron & Steel Central Research And Disign Inst Ministry Of Metallurgical
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种提高热模法离心球墨铸铁管延伸率的方法。本发明针对原热模法离心球墨铸铁管延伸率低的缺陷，提出在铁水浇注之前，在管模内壁的隔热保护层上涂上一层有孕育和球化铁水作用的孕育球化剂，它为含Mg、Ca、Si、Al、Re、Fe的粉末状混合物，通过由料斗，振动给料器、喷涂管及给进器组成的喷涂装置在浇注工位喷涂在管模内壁上，铁水浇注后通过再孕育和再球化作用，避免了原热模工艺中的球化衰退，提高铸铁管的延伸率≥10%。

Description

本发明涉及金属长管离心铸造领域，是特别针对热模法离心球墨铸铁管生产，为提高管子延伸率而提出的一种孕育球化剂及其喷涂工艺和喷涂装置。
离心球墨铸铁管的生产方法可分为冷模法和热模法，冷模法包括水冷金属模法和喷淋金属模法。由于冷模法铁水在管模内冷却速度快，故其铸态基体组织有渗碳体，因此浇注后须在900℃温度下进行退火处理，以使渗碳体分解为铁素体，提高延伸率。在工业生产中冷模法生产的管子可达到ISO2531标准，其延伸率≥10%，目前世界上绝大多数厂家采用冷模法。热模法是西德迪克（DuKER）公司发明的，其特点是先将管模预热到150℃左右，然后向管模内壁喷涂一定厚度的隔热保护涂料，采用短流槽离心浇注，由于铁火冷却速度快，其基体几乎全部形成铁素体，因此无需铸后退火处理，按要求应能达到ISO2531标准，热模法与冷模法相比可节约能耗0.5×106千卡/吨，节能显著，工艺简单，管模寿命长，建厂投资大大减少。但由于热模法对铁水成分、操作工艺要求极严，实际工业生产中很难控制，产品质量不稳定，一般只能保证延伸率为5%，其主要原因是浇注采用短流槽，铁水流程较长，球化衰退致使球化效果不好，管子延伸率无法提高。我国从迪克公司引进世界上最先进的热模工艺和主机后，多年来在延伸率方面没能达到ISO2531标准，迪克公司在引进合同的产品指标中注明延伸率为5%，这说明铸管延伸率低是当前热模法在工业生产中急待解决的难题。
本发明的目的旨在针对现有离心球墨铸铁管热模法生产中存在的问题提出一种技术解决方案，以提高热模法离心球墨铸铁管的延伸率，使其能够达到ISO2531标准。
为实现上述上的，本发明提出了一种孕育球化剂及其喷涂工艺和喷涂装置。
本发明提出的这种孕育球化剂为含Mg、Ca、Al、Re及Fe的粉末状混合物，其一次喷涂用量为铸铁管重量的0.001～0.05%。
本发明的采用料斗、振动给料顺、喷涂管及给进器组成的喷涂装置将孕育球化剂喷涂在管模内壁的隔热保护层上。
附图所示为本发明的实施方式及结构示意图。
下面结合说明书附图及实施例对本发明做进一步详细描述，本发明针对现有热模法生产的离心球墨铸铁管延伸率低的问题，提出在铁水浇注前，在管模1内壁的隔热保护层上涂一层有孕育和球化铁水作用的孕育球化剂，以提高铸管的延伸率。本发明的具体实施方式是在浇注工位，当孕育处理后的铁火在定量包3中即将通过管模1插口4端短流槽2向旋转着的管模1内注放之前，用本发明提出的喷涂装置向旋转中的管模10内喷涂孕育球化剂。
本发明提出的一种适用的孕育球化剂为含Mg、Ca、Al、Re及Fe干燥粉末状混合物，其粒度≤0.2mm，其组分配比（重量）为：Mg0.2～2%，Ca2.5～3%，Si45～60%，Al0.1～1%，Re0.2～1.5%，其余为Fe，本发明采用稀土镁合金做组分进行配比。该孕育球化剂每次用量为铸铁管重量的0.001～0.05%。
本发明提出的喷涂装置由盛装孕育球化剂的料斗9、振动给料器8、喷涂管10及给进器7组 成。料斗9的底部接振动给料器8，振动给料器8的出料口与在喷涂管10上靠近一端部的管壁上开的孔连接，喷涂管10的这一端还与压缩空气管6连接，喷涂管10为一细长金属管，其另一端为弯曲喷头11，喷涂管10的直径为25×32mm，长度大于6m，整个喷涂装置布置在浇注工位与管模1浇注插口4相对应的承口5端外，喷涂管10平行管模1轴设置，并可在给进器7带动下从管模1外移入管模1内再移出。给进器7可以是链条式或轨道式行走传动机构。
当孕育处理后的铁水在定量包3中即将通过短流槽2浇注之前，开动给进器7，使喷涂管10移进入管模1内直到其插口4处。在管模1高速旋转时，控制振动给料器8均匀下料并送压缩空气。孕育球化剂以压缩空气为载气，从喷涂管10端部的弯曲喷头11中吹出。喷涂管10边喷吹边退出管模1，孕育球化剂依靠隔热保护层的粗糙表面及离心力作用均匀地附着在从管模1插口4处到承口5处的隔热保护层上。
之后开始浇注铁水，随着铁水在管模1内的流动，铁水连续不断地与孕育球化剂熔接反应，迅即产生再孕育，使铁水中的石墨结晶，生成足够的球状石墨，使原来由于铁水流程长而产生的球化衰退得到充分补充，提高了球化效果，使热模法离心球墨铸铁管的延伸率由原来的5%提高到10%以上，且所有指标均符合ISO2531标准，这样即得到了与冷模法离心球墨铸铁管同样的延伸率，又保留了热模法生产特别是无退火处理工序的节能优势。
按本发明提出的方案实施后得到的三组数据充分证明本发明所达到的效果。
%    Mg    Ca    Re    Al    Si    Fe    延伸率
1    1.0    2.8    0.5    0.3    45～60    其余    12%
2    1.5    3.0    1.0    0.3    45～60    其余    10%
3    2.0    3.0    0.6    0.5    45～60    其余    12%

Claims (2)

1、一种热模离心铸铁管孕育球化剂，用于在热模离心球墨铸铁管生产中喷涂在管模内壁隔热保护层上，其特征在于，该孕育球化剂为含Mg、Ca、Si、Al、Re及Fe的粉末状混合物，其粒度≤0.2mm，其组分配比(重量)为：Mg0.2～2%，Ca2.5～3%，Si45～60%，Al0.1～1%，Re0.2～1.5%，其余为Fe。
2、一种热模离心铸铁管孕育球化剂喷涂装置，在热模离心球墨铸铁管生产中的浇注工位，用于在铁水注入管模内之前向旋转管模内喷涂孕育球化剂，其特征在于：该装置由料斗（9）、振动给料器（8）、喷涂管（10）及给进器（7）组成，装孕育球化剂的料斗（9）的底部接振动给料器（8），振动给料器（8）的出料口与在喷涂管（10）上靠近一端部的管壁上开的孔连接，喷涂管（10）的这一端还与压缩空气管（6）连接，喷涂管（10）为一细长金属管，其另一端为弯曲喷头（11），整个装置布置在浇注工位与管模（1）浇注插口（4）相对的承口（5）端外，喷涂管（10）平行管模（1）轴设置，并可在给进器（7）带动下从管模（1）外移入管模（1）内再移出。
CN89108922A 1992-08-25 1992-08-25 提高热模离心球墨铸铁管延伸率的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1026250C (zh)

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CN1038485C (zh) * 1993-06-24 1998-05-27 北京科技大学 复合孕育变质剂
CN100464897C (zh) * 2006-08-16 2009-03-04 张清臣 一种孕育剂加入方法及其装置
CN103008552A (zh) * 2012-12-18 2013-04-03 大连瑞谷科技有限公司 大型铜保持架浇注定向流动漏斗装置
CN104831155A (zh) * 2015-05-26 2015-08-12 新兴铸管股份有限公司 一种球墨铸铁管用孕育剂及其应用
CN107326139B (zh) * 2017-06-27 2019-08-02 苏州楚博生物技术有限公司 一种稀土镁球化剂
CN114074183B (zh) * 2021-11-29 2023-04-25 国铭铸管股份有限公司 一种减少球墨铸管表皮内部缺陷的方法

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