CN102621635A - Optical fiber isolator based on blazed fiber bragg gratings - Google Patents
Optical fiber isolator based on blazed fiber bragg gratings Download PDFInfo
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- CN102621635A CN102621635A CN2012101040219A CN201210104021A CN102621635A CN 102621635 A CN102621635 A CN 102621635A CN 2012101040219 A CN2012101040219 A CN 2012101040219A CN 201210104021 A CN201210104021 A CN 201210104021A CN 102621635 A CN102621635 A CN 102621635A
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Abstract
Disclosed is an optical fiber isolator based on blazed fiber bragg gratings, which relates to an optical fiber isolator and is applicable to the field of fiber-optical communication. The optical fiber isolator based on the blazed fiber bragg gratings solves the problems that the existing optical fiber isolators are complicated in structures, large in volumes, difficult to manufacture, high in costs and large in insertion losses. The isolator comprises a photosensitive optical fiber (1), an optical fiber (2) and a blazed fiber bragg grating (3) which is inscribed on the photosensitive optical fiber (1) by ultraviolet lights. The photosensitive optical fiber (1) and the optical fiber (2) are parallelly placed on the same plane, and the shortest distance between the edge of the photosensitive optical fiber (1) and that of the optical fiber (2) is h; the grating surface of the blazed fiber bragg grating (3) forms an angle of theta with the optical fiber and is perpendicular to the plane where the photosensitive optical fiber (1) and the optical fiber (2) are located, wherein 0<=h<=10 cm, 0 degree < theta<45 degrees or 45 degrees < theta<90 degrees. The photosensitive optical fiber (1) and the optical fiber (2) can be placed in the air, the water, the index-matching fluid or the quartz crystal, wherein the refractive index of the index-matching fluid is smaller than or equal to that of optical covering layers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optoisolator, be applicable to optical fiber communication, laser instrument, optical device field.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of optical information art, all kinds of active or Passive Optical Components also all continues to bring out, and also performance becomes better and better, and price is more and more lower.In the process that light signal is handled, can use a kind of so passive optical device, light signal forward low-loss conducting oppositely ends, Here it is optoisolator.Optoisolator is to allow direction of light through stoping the passive device of reverse direction light signal; Effect is that direction of light is limited; Make light can only folk prescription to transmission, can well be isolated by optoisolator through the light of optical fiber echo reflection, improve light wave transmissions efficient.
The principle of work of traditional optoisolator is based on the nonreciprocity of faraday's rotation.Mainly utilize the Faraday effect of magneto-optical crystal.For the flashlight of forward entrance, through becoming linearly polarized light behind the polarizer, the Faraday magneto-optical crystal makes 45 ° of the polarization direction dextrorotation of flashlight with external magnetic field, and makes low-loss through become the analyzer of 45 ° of placements with the polarizer just.For backlight, the linearly polarized light that goes out analyzer when placing medium, also 45 ° of right rotations of yawing moment, thus make the polarization direction and the polarizer direction quadrature of backlight, blocked catoptrical transmission fully.The characteristic of optoisolator is: it is low that forward inserts loss, and the reverse isolation degree is high, and return loss is high.Its shortcoming is also fairly obvious: at first, the difficulty of processing of magneto-optical crystal is big, and cost is high; And volume is also very big; In the isolator of practicality, also need coupled lens except magneto-optical crystal, its effect is that the light path with optical fiber and magneto-optical crystal couples together, and it is big that the making of this lens faces difficulty of processing equally; Cost is high, and the very little difficult problem that can't do of volume.The series connection of multistage optical element causes the loss of light to strengthen, and shows that the insertion loss of whole isolated device can't further reduce.Under the increasing situation of the demand of sun adjuster spare nowadays, the factor of the structure of any device, cost, volume etc. all might become the bottleneck of further implementation all optical communication.Especially move towards progressively that light is integrated, the optical information field of optical device intellectuality etc., the structure of traditional isolator is huge, complicated, efficient is low, cost is high needs solution badly.
Fiber grating is being brought into play important effect as a kind of filtering device in optical communication system; Utilize the filter function of fiber grating to realize that the change of pattern in the optical fiber realizes the different modes of propagation of different wave length light signal; And the Mode Coupling form of blazed fiber bragg grating is more flexible; Can realize the coupling between fibre core conduction mode and cladding mode even the dissipation mode, utilize this characteristic can make the light path control of corresponding light signal.One Chinese patent application 01109388.9 is mentioned a kind of blazed grating isolator based on polymkeric substance; Comparing tradition is that basic isolator all has simplification to a certain degree with the magneto-optical crystal on structure and manufacture difficulty, but because the employing polymkeric substance is a matrix, its insertion loss and welding difficulty are all very big when being connected with optical fiber link; And at outer two coverings that are divided into two of making of the cylindrical waveguide of not enough millimeter magnitude; And refractive index is different, and difficulty is big, and the accuracy requirement of making is too high and be difficult to realize; Refractive index to the grating in fuse, the fuse, first covering, second covering in manufacturing process all has requirement, and the difficulty of realization is big.
Traditional optoisolator that structure compared is complicated; The optical isolator structure of full fiberize becomes a new bright spot, is that the device cost of matrix is low with optical fiber, and volume and weight all reduces greatly; And because based on the structure of full optical fiber, inserting with the low-loss of optical fiber becomes possibility.The circulator structure that relates to a kind of full optical fiber among the one Chinese patent application 200610010065.X, part-structure wherein can be used as isolator and use, but owing to wherein relate to the coupling between the optical fiber different mode, can't under the basic mode condition, carry out fully.Because when having high-order mode in the optical fiber, basic mode certainly exists, only wherein high-order mode there is the energy transferance, make the efficient of coupling be restricted, even do not reach the purpose that backlight is isolated fully.
Therefore, the problem that faces of present optoisolator is: complex structure, volume is big, manufacture difficulty is big, cost is high, it is big to insert loss.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: present optoisolator faces complex structure, volume is big, manufacture difficulty is big, cost is high, insert the big problem of loss.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Based on the fibre optic isolater of blazed fiber bragg grating, the blazed fiber bragg grating that this isolator comprises light-sensitive optical fibre, optical fiber, on light-sensitive optical fibre, inscribes with ultraviolet light.Light-sensitive optical fibre and parallel placement in optical fiber is in same plane together, the minimum distance at the edge of light-sensitive optical fibre and the edge of optical fiber is h; The one-tenth grid face of blazed fiber bragg grating becomes the θ angle with light-sensitive optical fibre, vertical with the residing plane of light-sensitive optical fibre and optical fiber.
Described h satisfies: 0≤h≤10cm.
Described θ satisfies: 0 °＜θ＜45 ° or 45 °＜θ＜90 °.So-called become the grid face to be that in the index modulation zone a series of planes of identical refractive index in the fiber grating, these planes are parallel to each other.
When 45 °＜θ＜90 °, to be light signal be coupled into optical fiber through blazed fiber bragg grating with light signal from the left end input of light-sensitive optical fibre to the forward conduction direction of this isolator, and from the left end output of optical fiber; The reverse isolation direction is the left end input of light signal from optical fiber, and light signal is directly exported from the right-hand member of optical fiber, and can't arrive the left end of light-sensitive optical fibre, reaches the isolation features to light signal thus.
When 0 °＜θ＜45 °, to be light signal be coupled into optical fiber through blazed fiber bragg grating with light signal from the left end input of light-sensitive optical fibre to the forward conduction direction of this isolator, and from the right-hand member output of optical fiber; The reverse isolation direction is the right-hand member input of light signal from optical fiber, and light signal is directly exported from the left end of optical fiber, and can't arrive the left end of light-sensitive optical fibre, reaches the isolation features to light signal thus.
Described light-sensitive optical fibre and optical fiber place air, water, refractive index index-matching fluid or the quartz crystal smaller or equal to the fibre cladding refractive index.
Described blazed fiber bragg grating is Bragg blazed fiber bragg grating, long period blazed fiber bragg grating, the take a sample blazed fiber bragg grating or the blazed fiber bragg grating of warbling.
Bragg blazed fiber bragg grating, long period blazed fiber bragg grating, take a sample that blazed fiber bragg grating only is Bragg blazed fiber bragg grating, long period blazed fiber bragg grating with the difference of blazed fiber bragg grating with traditional B ragg fiber grating, LPFG, sampling optical-fiber grating or chirped fiber grating of warbling, the grid face that becomes of the take a sample blazed fiber bragg grating and the blazed fiber bragg grating of warbling becomes the θ angle with optical fiber.The index modulation cycle of Bragg blazed fiber bragg grating less than 1 micron, index modulation cycle of long period blazed fiber bragg grating greater than 1 micron.
The present invention compares the beneficial effect that is had with prior art:
Compare tradition based on the optoisolator of magneto-optical crystal and lens, the present invention is a matrix with full optical fiber, and cost is low, and the manufacturing technology of each several part assembly is ripe, all optical fibre structure feasible can with the low-loss welding of optical fiber link.Rely on the energy coupling of blazed fiber bragg grating, can with the fibre core energy low-loss of arbitrary patterns transfer to adjacent fibre core, make the insertion loss of isolator reduce greatly; Under the situation of reverse optical path, light is directly derived, and can't return along the former road of forward light path, and isolation is guaranteed.The primary structure of whole isolated device is optical fiber, and volume and weight is compared traditional isolator and all reduced greatly.The bandwidth of operation of this isolator depends on the bandwidth of blazed fiber bragg grating, can accurately control the bandwidth of operation and the operation wavelength of this isolator through the inscription cycle of control blazed fiber bragg grating, and operability promotes greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fibre optic isolater based on blazed fiber bragg grating of h＞0.
Fig. 2 is the fibre optic isolater forward index path based on blazed fiber bragg grating of h＞0.
Fig. 3 is the fibre optic isolater reverse optical path figure based on blazed fiber bragg grating of h＞0.
Fig. 4 is the fibre optic isolater based on blazed fiber bragg grating of 0 °＜θ＜45 °.
Fig. 5 is the fibre optic isolater forward index path based on blazed fiber bragg grating of 0 °＜θ＜45 °.
Fig. 6 is the fibre optic isolater reverse optical path figure based on blazed fiber bragg grating of 0 °＜θ＜45 °.
Fig. 7 is the fibre optic isolater based on blazed fiber bragg grating of 45 °＜θ＜90 °.
Fig. 8 is the fibre optic isolater forward index path based on blazed fiber bragg grating of 45 °＜θ＜90 °.
Fig. 9 is the fibre optic isolater reverse optical path figure based on blazed fiber bragg grating of 45 °＜θ＜90 °.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.
Embodiment one
Based on the fibre optic isolater of blazed fiber bragg grating, like Fig. 1, the blazed fiber bragg grating 3 that this isolator comprises light-sensitive optical fibre 1, optical fiber 2, on light-sensitive optical fibre 1, inscribes with ultraviolet light.Light-sensitive optical fibre 1 and parallel placement in optical fiber 2 is in same plane together, the minimum distance at the edge of the edge of light-sensitive optical fibre 1 and optical fiber 2 is h; 1 one-tenth θ angle of one-tenth grid face and light-sensitive optical fibre of blazed fiber bragg grating 3, vertical with light-sensitive optical fibre 1 with optical fiber 2 residing planes.
Described h satisfies: 0≤h≤10cm.
Described θ satisfies: 0 °＜θ＜45 °.
As shown in Figure 2, to be light signal be coupled into optical fiber 2 through blazed fiber bragg grating 3 with light signal from the left end input of light-sensitive optical fibre 1 to the forward conduction direction of this isolator, and from the right-hand member output of optical fiber 2; As shown in Figure 3, the reverse isolation direction is the right-hand member input of light signal from optical fiber 2, and light signal is directly exported from the left end of optical fiber 2, and can't arrive the left end of light-sensitive optical fibre 1, reaches the isolation features to light signal thus.
Light-sensitive optical fibre 1 places water with optical fiber 2.
Described blazed fiber bragg grating 3 is the blazed fiber bragg grating of warbling, i.e. index modulation cycle gradual change, and become the fiber grating of θ angle with optical fiber.This isolator that is arranged so that of blazed fiber bragg grating of warbling works in the conducting and the isolation of ultra broadband.
Embodiment two
Based on the fibre optic isolater of blazed fiber bragg grating, like Fig. 4, the blazed fiber bragg grating 3 that this isolator comprises light-sensitive optical fibre 1, optical fiber 2, on light-sensitive optical fibre 1, inscribes with ultraviolet light.Light-sensitive optical fibre 1 and parallel placement in optical fiber 2 is in same plane together, continuously at a distance from placing, i.e. h=0; 1 one-tenth θ angle of one-tenth grid face and light-sensitive optical fibre of blazed fiber bragg grating 3, vertical with light-sensitive optical fibre 1 with optical fiber 2 residing planes.
Described θ satisfies: 0 °＜θ＜45 °.
As shown in Figure 5, to be light signal be coupled into optical fiber 2 through blazed fiber bragg grating 3 with light signal from the left end input of light-sensitive optical fibre 1 to the forward conduction direction of this isolator, and from the right-hand member output of optical fiber 2; As shown in Figure 6, the reverse isolation direction is the right-hand member input of light signal from optical fiber 2, and light signal is directly exported from the left end of optical fiber 2, and can't arrive the left end of light-sensitive optical fibre 1, reaches the isolation features to light signal thus.
Light-sensitive optical fibre 1 places air with optical fiber 2.
Described blazed fiber bragg grating 3 is the Bragg blazed fiber bragg grating, and promptly the index modulation cycle works in the logical reflection-type grating of band less than 1 micron.
Embodiment three
Based on the fibre optic isolater of blazed fiber bragg grating, like Fig. 7, the blazed fiber bragg grating 3 that this isolator comprises light-sensitive optical fibre 1, optical fiber 2, on light-sensitive optical fibre 1, inscribes with ultraviolet light.Light-sensitive optical fibre 1 and parallel placement in optical fiber 2 is in same plane together, continuously at a distance from placing, i.e. h=0; 1 one-tenth θ angle of one-tenth grid face and light-sensitive optical fibre of blazed fiber bragg grating 3, vertical with light-sensitive optical fibre 1 with optical fiber 2 residing planes.
Described θ satisfies: 45 °＜θ＜90 °.
As shown in Figure 8, to be light signal be coupled into optical fiber 2 through blazed fiber bragg grating 3 with light signal from the left end input of light-sensitive optical fibre 1 to the forward conduction direction of this isolator, and from the left end output of optical fiber 2; As shown in Figure 9, the reverse isolation direction is the left end input of light signal from optical fiber 2, and light signal is directly exported from the right-hand member of optical fiber 2, and can't arrive the left end of light-sensitive optical fibre 1, reaches the isolation features to light signal thus.
Light-sensitive optical fibre 1 places the index-matching fluid of refractive index smaller or equal to the fibre cladding refractive index with optical fiber 2.
Described blazed fiber bragg grating 3 is the long period blazed fiber bragg grating.
Embodiment four
Based on the fibre optic isolater of blazed fiber bragg grating, like Fig. 7, the blazed fiber bragg grating 3 that this isolator comprises light-sensitive optical fibre 1, optical fiber 2, on light-sensitive optical fibre 1, inscribes with ultraviolet light.Light-sensitive optical fibre 1 and parallel placement in optical fiber 2 is in same plane together, continuously at a distance from placing, i.e. h=0; 1 one-tenth θ angle of one-tenth grid face and light-sensitive optical fibre of blazed fiber bragg grating 3, vertical with light-sensitive optical fibre 1 with optical fiber 2 residing planes.
Described θ satisfies: 45 °＜θ＜90 °.
As shown in Figure 8, to be light signal be coupled into optical fiber 2 through blazed fiber bragg grating 3 with light signal from the left end input of light-sensitive optical fibre 1 to the forward conduction direction of this isolator, and from the left end output of optical fiber 2; As shown in Figure 9, the reverse isolation direction is the left end input of light signal from optical fiber 2, and light signal is directly exported from the right-hand member of optical fiber 2, and can't arrive the left end of light-sensitive optical fibre 1, reaches the isolation features to light signal thus.
Light-sensitive optical fibre 1 places the quartz crystal of refractive index smaller or equal to the fibre cladding refractive index with optical fiber 2.
Described blazed fiber bragg grating 3 is the sampling blazed fiber bragg grating.This isolator that is arranged so that of sampling blazed fiber bragg grating is realized multi-wavelength, multiwave insulator functionality.
Claims (5)
1. based on the fibre optic isolater of blazed fiber bragg grating, it is characterized in that: this isolator comprises light-sensitive optical fibre (1), optical fiber (2), goes up the blazed fiber bragg grating (3) with the ultraviolet light inscription at light-sensitive optical fibre (1); Light-sensitive optical fibre (1) is in parallel placement in the same plane together with optical fiber (2), and the minimum distance at the edge of the edge of light-sensitive optical fibre (1) and optical fiber (2) is h; The one-tenth grid face of blazed fiber bragg grating (3) becomes the θ angle with light-sensitive optical fibre (1), and is vertical with the residing plane of optical fiber (2) with light-sensitive optical fibre (1).
2. the fibre optic isolater based on blazed fiber bragg grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described h satisfies: 0≤h≤10cm.
3. the fibre optic isolater based on blazed fiber bragg grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described θ satisfies: 0 °＜θ＜45 ° or 45 °＜θ＜90 °;
When 45 °＜θ＜90 °, to be light signal be coupled into optical fiber (2) through blazed fiber bragg grating (3) with light signal from the left end input of light-sensitive optical fibre (1) to the forward conduction direction of this isolator, and export from the left end of optical fiber (2); The reverse isolation direction is the left end input of light signal from optical fiber (2), and light signal is directly exported from the right-hand member of optical fiber (2), and can't arrive the left end of light-sensitive optical fibre (1), reaches the isolation features to light signal thus;
When 0 °＜θ＜45 °, to be light signal be coupled into optical fiber (2) through blazed fiber bragg grating (3) with light signal from the left end input of light-sensitive optical fibre (1) to the forward conduction direction of this isolator, and export from the right-hand member of optical fiber (2); The reverse isolation direction is the right-hand member input of light signal from optical fiber (2), and light signal is directly exported from the left end of optical fiber (2), and can't arrive the left end of light-sensitive optical fibre (1), reaches the isolation features to light signal thus.
4. the fibre optic isolater based on blazed fiber bragg grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described light-sensitive optical fibre (1) has photosensitivity to ultraviolet light, and light-sensitive optical fibre (1) and optical fiber (2) all place air, water, refractive index index-matching fluid or the quartz crystal smaller or equal to the fibre cladding refractive index.
5. the fibre optic isolater based on blazed fiber bragg grating according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described blazed fiber bragg grating (3) is Bragg blazed fiber bragg grating, long period blazed fiber bragg grating, the take a sample blazed fiber bragg grating or the blazed fiber bragg grating of warbling.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104112970A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-22 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | All-fiber stimulated Raman scattering light stripper |
| CN107888283A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 联盟光纤制品公司 | High-isolation and high return loss two-port light retroreflector |
| CN113589434A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-02 | 南京科天光电工程研究院有限公司 | Novel polarization-independent optical isolator |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1373373A (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-10-09 | 郝明 | Oblique raster type light isolator and its preparing process |
| CN101075004A (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-21 | 黑龙江大学 | Triple-port fiber-optical loop unit |
-
2012
- 2012-04-10 CN CN2012101040219A patent/CN102621635A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1373373A (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-10-09 | 郝明 | Oblique raster type light isolator and its preparing process |
| CN101075004A (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2007-11-21 | 黑龙江大学 | Triple-port fiber-optical loop unit |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104112970A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-22 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | All-fiber stimulated Raman scattering light stripper |
| CN107888283A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 联盟光纤制品公司 | High-isolation and high return loss two-port light retroreflector |
| CN113589434A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-02 | 南京科天光电工程研究院有限公司 | Novel polarization-independent optical isolator |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |