CN102621589A - Measuring device for propagation speed of gravitational field and method of measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring device for the propagation speed of a gravitational field and a method of the measuring device. The measuring device comprises two enlarged Cavendish torsion balances, a megaton oil tanker, a laser source, a spectrometer, a reflector and an optical screen. A principle of a Cavendish experimental device is utilized, the megaton oil tanker is used as a signal source to reciprocate, the effect of gravitational force of the signal source reaches the two Cavendish torsion balances via the alternating gravitational field at different moments, the phase difference between movement of one Cavendish torsion balance and movement of the other Cavendish torsion balance is measured by laser interferometry, time difference is computed, and finally the propagation speed of the alternating gravitational field can be computed by the aid of the known distance between the two Cavendish torsion balances. Whether the propagation speed of the gravitational force is faster than the light speed or not can be judged by means of measuring the propagation speed of the gravitational force by the aid of the measuring device and the method.

Description

A kind of measurement mechanism of gravitational field velocity of propagation and method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the measuring technique of gravitation velocity of propagation, more particularly relate to a kind of measurement mechanism and method thereof of gravitational field velocity of propagation.

Background technology

The Cavan enlightening is permitted experiment and is told us, has the object of quality attractive each other, and this attractive force is exactly a gravitation.Newton's universal gravitation theory thinks that the effect of gravitation is instantaneous, and Einsteinian general relativity thinks that the effect of gravitation is to propagate with the form of gravitational field, and this velocity of propagation is not an infinity, but the light velocity.But people do not take any method to measure the velocity of propagation of gravitation on earth in the prior art.

Summary of the invention

To the defective that exists in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of measurement mechanism and method thereof of gravitational field velocity of propagation.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

According to an aspect of the present invention; A kind of measurement mechanism of gravitational field velocity of propagation is provided; Comprise that two Cavan enlightening of being located at the land are permitted torsion balance and are located at the ton oil tanker on the sea, the orientation that said two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance is identical, and said two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance and are located on the same horizontal line; Said ton oil tanker makes two Cavan enlightening permitted the torsion balance forced vibration as back and forth movement; Also comprise LASER Light Source, spectrometer, reflective mirror and optical screen, said reflective mirror is fixedly arranged on the Cavan enlightening and is permitted on the torsion wire of torsion balance, and the reflecting surface of said reflective mirror and Cavan enlightening are permitted the swing ball of torsion balance on same plane; The distance of said spectrometer to reflective mirror equates that said spectrometer receives the laser signal that LASER Light Source sends, and this laser signal is divided into two-way light path directive reflective mirror, and said optical screen is used to detect the interference fringe through the light path of reflective mirror reflection.

The angle of the two-way light path of said spectrometer directive reflective mirror is 90 degree

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of measuring method of gravitational field velocity of propagation is provided also, the concrete steps of this measuring method are:

A. one that two Cavan enlightening is permitted in the torsion balance is made as with reference to torsion balance, and another is made as the measurement torsion balance;

B. make two Cavan enlightening permitted torsion balance through ton oil tanker back and forth movement and produce twisting;

C. through confirming with reference to deflection angle with reference to torsion balance; Confirm the actual interference point that produces with reference to the emission light path of reflective mirror under the deflection angle through optical screen;

D. measuring under deflection angle that torsion balance reverses and the state identical, confirming the theoretical interference point of the emission light path generation of reflective mirror under this state through optical screen with reference to deflection angle;

E. be that initial point is set up cartesian coordinate system with the center of measuring reflective mirror on the torsion balance, confirm the coordinate figure of actual interference point and the coordinate figure of theoretical interference point;

F. calculate the light path angle that straight line constituted that straight line that actual interference point and initial point be linked to be and theoretical interference point and initial point are linked to be; The deflection declinate that deflection angle the constituted when deflection angle when producing actual interference point through light path angle calculating measurement torsion balance produces theoretical interference point with the measurement torsion balance;

G. be in alternation gravitational field two mistimings that the Cavan enlightening is permitted torsion balance of arrival of the equation of motion acquisition ton oil tanker generation of steady state of motion through deflection declinate and torsion balance; Permitted the velocity of propagation that distance and mistiming between the torsion balance obtains the alternation gravitational field through two Cavan enlightening.

Reference deflection angle among the said step C influences the maximum deflection angle that produces for the alternation gravitational field that receives the ton oil tanker with reference to torsion balance.

Compared with prior art; Adopt the measurement mechanism and the method thereof of a kind of gravitational field velocity of propagation of the present invention; Utilized the Cavan enlightening to be permitted the experimental provision principle, through the ton oil tanker is done round motion as information source, the graviational interaction of information source arrives two asynchronism(-nization)s that the Cavan enlightening is permitted torsion balance through the alternation gravitational field; Permitted the phase differential between the torsion balance motion with two Cavan enlightening of measurements by laser interferometry; And calculate the mistiming, and permitted the distance between the torsion balance through two known Cavan enlightening, can calculate the velocity of propagation of alternation gravitational field at last.Can judge whether that to the measurement of gravitation velocity of propagation the gravitation velocity of propagation is greater than the light velocity through the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of a kind of gravitational field velocity of propagation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the Cavan enlightening is permitted torsion balance among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the light path synoptic diagram of the embodiment of measuring method of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is measurement torsion balance and the enlarged diagram of reflected light path among Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is that the Cavan enlightening is permitted the waveform synoptic diagram that torsion balance is in the vibration equation of steady state of motion.

Embodiment

Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.

Principle of the present invention is permitted experiment with the Cavan enlightening to amplify, and changes the ball of big quality into a ton oil tanker that goes across the sea, and the swing ball of torsion balance and little quality is amplified, and increases a torsion balance again, and makes two torsion balances at a distance of one section very long distance.The graviational interaction that the going back and forth of oil tanker makes the swing ball on the torsion balance receive oil tanker can make torsion balance swing back and forth; Because two torsion balances are at a distance of a segment distance; If being finite speed, propagates gravitation; The swing of two torsion balances has a phase differential so, i.e. time delay, and two torsion balances distance apart is exactly the speed that gravitation is propagated divided by this time delay.Time delay can be placed a level crossing through the central authorities at torsion balance, utilizes optical interferometry to survey.

See also the measurement mechanism of Fig. 1, a kind of gravitational field velocity of propagation shown in Figure 2; Comprise two be located at that the land amplifies the first Cavan enlightening permitted torsion balance 11, the second Cavan enlightening and permitted torsion balance 12 and be located at the ton oil tanker 13 on the outer sea, shore line 20; The orientation that two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance is identical; Two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance 11,12 and are located on the same horizontal line; Ton oil tanker 13 makes two Cavan enlightening permitted torsion balance 11,12 swings as fold return motion; Also comprise LASER Light Source 14, spectrometer 15, reflective mirror 16 and the optical screen 17 of realizing optical interferometry, reflective mirror 16 is fixedly arranged on the Cavan enlightening and is permitted on the torsion wire 18 of torsion balance 11,12, and the axis of reflective mirror 16 overlaps with torsion wire 18.The reflecting surface of reflective mirror 16 and Cavan enlightening are permitted the swing ball 19 of torsion balance on same plane.The distance of 15 to two reflective mirrors of spectrometer equates; Spectrometer 15 receives the laser signal 20 that LASER Light Source 14 sends; And this laser signal 20 is divided into two- way light path 21,22 directive reflective mirrors 15; The angle of two- way light path 21,22 is 90 degree, and optical screen 17 is used to detect the interference fringe through the light path of reflective mirror reflection.

Adopt 40 ton oil tankers as the ton oil tanker of information source 13 among the present invention, 380 meters of wheel captains, wide 68 meters, 400,000 tons of load-carryings, speed per hour v=16 joint/time=8.2311m/s; As the stay of two nights is that two identical huge Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance 11,12; The Cavan enlightening is permitted, and two swing balls 19 selection quality are the copper ball of 100kg in the torsion balance; The copper ball radius is 13.8657cm, and (shear modulus N=E/2 (1+ μ) is an example with the Q235 steel to the steel wire of torsion wire 18 employing diameter 4mm, long 10m; μ generally gets 0.3, thus its elasticity coefficient K '=0.20096Nm/rad).

See also the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 again, the concrete steps of this embodiment are:

The first Cavan enlightening is permitted torsion balance 11 be made as, the second Cavan enlightening is permitted torsion balance 12 be made as the measurement torsion balance with reference to torsion balance.

Under the graviational interaction of ton oil tanker 13, two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance and are begun to deflect, after a period of time; When the swing that the Cavan enlightening is permitted torsion balance is gradually stablized, cover a hole of spectrometer 15, make light path 22 disappear; Has only light path 21; Seek light path 21 with optical screen 17 and depart from the maximum luminous point of horizontal level angle, confirm the maximum direction that light path 21 departs from, and record maximum deflection angle deflection angle as a reference.

Two holes of spectrometer 15 do not cover, and light path 21 exists with light path 22 simultaneously, lets optical screen 17 move along light path 21 maximum deviation directions, seek interference fringe the most clearly, and note the position as actual interference point B.Need to prove that at this center that we are permitted torsion balance 12 with the second Cavan enlightening is initial point O, horizontal direction is the X axle, and vertical direction is set up cartesian coordinate system for the Y axle, the coordinate of so actual interference point B be (x1, y1).

Suppose that the vibration that two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance is synchronous, promptly measure deflection angle that torsion balance reverses, confirm the theoretical interference point A that the emission light path of reflective mirror under this state produces through optical screen with identical with reference to deflection angle, the coordinate of theoretical interference point A be (x, y).This shows that theoretical interference point is not have under the effect of alternation gravitational field, through the interference point of optical interferometry acquisition.

See also again at Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, wherein measure torsion balance 124 when realizing actual interference point B, the position that the second Cavan enlightening is permitted the deflection angle of torsion balance; When measuring torsion balance 123 and be theoretical interference point A, the position that the second Cavan enlightening is permitted the deflection angle of torsion balance.Reflected light path during reflected light path 23 expression realization theory interference point A also is appreciated that the straight line that is linked to be for theoretical interference point and initial point in the drawings; Reflected light path when reflected light path 24 expression realizes actual interference point B also is appreciated that the straight line that is linked to be for actual interference point and initial point in the drawings.The light path angle that reflected light path 23 and reflected light path 24 constitute is ∠ α.Measuring torsion balance 124 is Δ θ with measuring the deflection declinate that torsion balance 123 constitutes, i.e. ∠ among Fig. 43 and ∠ 4, hence one can see that Δ θ=∠ 3=∠ 4.The light path 22 of incident is defined as ∠ 2 with the angle of measuring torsion balance 123; Be defined as ∠ 1 with measuring the angle of torsion balance 124 with reflected light path 23, the principle that equals the angle of reflection ray and reflecting surface (being reflective mirror 16) according to the angle of incident ray and reflecting surface (being reflective mirror 16) can be known:

∠2+∠4＝∠1+∠α

∠2＝∠1+∠3

Above-mentioned two formulas are subtracted each other can get ∠ α=∠ 3+ ∠ 4=2 ∠ 3=2 Δ θ; Hence one can see that, and deflection declinate Δ θ is the half the of light path angle ∠ α.

See also again in the triangle that forms by initial point O, theoretical interference point A and actual interference point B among Fig. 3, calculate the value of light path angle through the position coordinates of theoretical interference point A and two points of actual interference point B, wherein

$\left|\mathrm{AB}\right|=\sqrt{{\left({x-x}_1\right)}^2+{(y-y_1)}^2}$

$\left|\mathrm{OA}\right|=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}$

$\left|\mathrm{OB}\right|=\sqrt{x_1^2+y_1^2}$

Can get according to the cosine law:

$\cos \mathrm{\α}=\frac{{\left|\mathrm{OA}\right|}^2+{\left|\mathrm{OB}\right|}^2-{\left|\mathrm{AB}\right|}^2}{2\·\left|\mathrm{OA}\right|\·\left|\mathrm{OB}\right|}=\frac{{\mathrm{xx}}_1+{\mathrm{yy}}_1}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\·\sqrt{x_1^2+y_1^2}}$

Because the deflection declinate is the half the of light path angle, can get:

$\mathrm{\Δ\θ}=\frac{1}{2}\mathrm{\α}=\frac{\arccos \frac{{\mathrm{xx}}_1+{\mathrm{yy}}_1}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\·\sqrt{x_1^2+y_1^2}}}{2};$

To be in the vibration equation of steady state of motion following and the Cavan enlightening is permitted torsion balance:

θ＝A?sin(ω _pt-ψ)

Wherein, θ is the amplitude of torsion balance, and unit is an angle, and A is the torsion balance peak swing, ω _pBe angular frequency, t is the time, and ψ is an initial phase.

See also again shown in Figure 5; Wherein A is that the second Cavan enlightening is permitted the amplitude of torsion balance 12 when theoretical interference point; Permitted the amplitude of torsion balance 12 when actual interference point above-mentioned value substitution Cavan enlightening is permitted the vibration equation that torsion balance is in steady state of motion and A-Δ θ is the second Cavan enlightening, can be known

A-Δ θ=A sin (ω _pt ₁), initial phase ψ=0 wherein;

Calculate the second Cavan enlightening thus and permitted torsion balance 12 leaves the equilibrium position in one-period T time t1:

$t_1=\frac{\arcsin \frac{A-\mathrm{\Δ\θ}}{A}}{{\mathrm{\ω}}_p}$

Mistiming Δ t when therefore two Cavan enlightening of alternation gravitational field arrival are permitted torsion balance is:

$\mathrm{\Δt}=\frac{T}{4}-t_1$

According to experimental design, it is 10km that two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance standoff distance Δ L, so alternation gravitational field transmission speed v is:

$v=\frac{\mathrm{\ΔL}}{\mathrm{\Δt}}$

It is pointed out that measurement mechanism of the present invention and measuring method of the present invention are identical or similar on principle and implementation procedure, so its repeating part repeats no more at this.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that; Above embodiment is used for explaining the object of the invention; And be not with opposing qualification of the present invention; As long as in essential scope of the present invention, all will drop in the scope of claim of the present invention variation, the modification of the above embodiment.

Claims (4)

1. the measurement mechanism of a gravitational field velocity of propagation; Comprise that two Cavan enlightening of being located at the land are permitted torsion balance and are located at the ton oil tanker on the sea; The orientation that said two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance is identical; Said two Cavan enlightening are permitted torsion balance and are located on the same horizontal line, and said ton oil tanker makes two Cavan enlightening permitted the torsion balance forced vibration as back and forth movement, it is characterized in that:

Also comprise LASER Light Source, spectrometer, reflective mirror and optical screen, said reflective mirror is fixedly arranged on the Cavan enlightening and is permitted on the torsion wire of torsion balance, and the reflecting surface of said reflective mirror and Cavan enlightening are permitted the swing ball of torsion balance on same plane; The distance of said spectrometer to reflective mirror equates that said spectrometer receives the laser signal that LASER Light Source sends, and this laser signal is divided into two-way light path directive reflective mirror, and said optical screen is used to detect the interference fringe through the light path of reflective mirror reflection.

2. measurement mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The angle of the two-way light path of said spectrometer directive reflective mirror is 90 degree.

3. the measuring method of a gravitational field velocity of propagation is characterized in that:

The concrete steps of this measuring method are:

A. one that two Cavan enlightening is permitted in the torsion balance is made as with reference to torsion balance, and another is made as the measurement torsion balance;

B. make two Cavan enlightening permitted torsion balance through ton oil tanker back and forth movement and produce twisting;

C. through confirming with reference to deflection angle with reference to torsion balance; Confirm the actual interference point that produces with reference to the emission light path of reflective mirror under the deflection angle through optical screen;

D. measuring under deflection angle that torsion balance reverses and the state identical, confirming the theoretical interference point of the emission light path generation of reflective mirror under this state through optical screen with reference to deflection angle;

E. be that initial point is set up cartesian coordinate system with the center of measuring reflective mirror on the torsion balance, confirm the coordinate figure of actual interference point and the coordinate figure of theoretical interference point;

F. calculate the light path angle that straight line constituted that straight line that actual interference point and initial point be linked to be and theoretical interference point and initial point are linked to be; The deflection declinate that deflection angle the constituted when deflection angle when producing actual interference point through light path angle calculating measurement torsion balance produces theoretical interference point with the measurement torsion balance;

G. be in alternation gravitational field two mistimings that the Cavan enlightening is permitted torsion balance of arrival of the equation of motion acquisition ton oil tanker generation of steady state of motion through deflection declinate and torsion balance; Permitted the velocity of propagation that distance and mistiming between the torsion balance obtains the alternation gravitational field through two Cavan enlightening.

4. measuring method according to claim 3 is characterized in that:

Reference deflection angle among the said step C influences the maximum deflection angle that produces for the alternation gravitational field that receives the ton oil tanker with reference to torsion balance.

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