CN102621044A - Multifunctional ring shear apparatus - Google Patents
Multifunctional ring shear apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN102621044A CN102621044A CN2012100810813A CN201210081081A CN102621044A CN 102621044 A CN102621044 A CN 102621044A CN 2012100810813 A CN2012100810813 A CN 2012100810813A CN 201210081081 A CN201210081081 A CN 201210081081A CN 102621044 A CN102621044 A CN 102621044A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional ring shear apparatus, which is applicable to measuring shear resistance of granular materials such as soil, stones and the like and volume change of the granular materials during shear. The multifunctional ring shear apparatus mainly comprises a main unit, a hydraulic lifting system, a rotary power system, a measuring system, a frame and the like, wherein the main unit, the rotary power system, the hydraulic lifting system and the measuring system are respectively fixed onto the frame, and the main unit comprises a shaft, an upper shear box, a lower shear box, a bearing flange and the like. A ring shear box provides a horizontal shear mode, a vertical shear mode and different roughness conditions, bulk granular materials such as the soil, the stones and the like flow in the ring shear box, the shear force of sheared surfaces of the granular materials is measured during flowing, and the ring shear box can be replaced in use. The multifunctional ring shear apparatus can be used for accurately measuring volume control, vertical pressure control, shear rate control, the shear force, shear rate, the volume change, pressure and the like of action objects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-functional ring shear apparatus, be applicable to the anti-shearing force of particulate materials such as measuring soil, stone and the volume change in the shear history.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of Geotechnical Engineering and particle mechanics, cut device for research with the ring of particulate matter mechanical property under flow state of soil, Shi Weizhu and obtain increasing concern.The Research in China ring is cut the device master and is relied on external import at present.
Known document has: large high-speed ring shear test machine and the application in the research of landslide thereof; Yang Zhishuan, Xu Qingtao, Liu Zhenghua, Zhao Shuyun; Changchun Univ. of Science & Technology's journal; 2001,31 (2): 163-167; The exploitation and the application of large high-speed ring shear test machine; Yang Zhishuan, Sun Lihua, Wang Ying; Experimental technique and management, 2007,24 (4): 55-57; These documents all are to carry out quasi-static shear test through the ring shear test machine of introducing Japan to being consolidated into whole rock-soil material.This device can play the effect that hoop is sheared to effective object, but effective object comparatively limit to can not make an experiment to discrete granule fluid material and condition comparatively single.Therefore developing a kind of is research object with prose style free from parallelism particle, and the controlled and multi-functional ring cut mode diversification of multiparameters such as pressure, speed, volume is cut device and had realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of multi-functional ring shear apparatus, this annular shear box is in the mobile state prose style free from parallelism particles such as soil, stone in shear box, and measures particulate matter receives shear surface in flow process shearing force; Adopt replaceable shear box design, level, vertical two kinds of cut modes and different roughness condition are provided.This device has also been realized the control of effective object volume, vertical pressure control, shear rate control; Shearing force, shear rate, volume change, the measurement of pressure is comparatively accurate.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
A kind of multi-functional ring shear apparatus comprises main frame, hydraulic lifting system, rotary power system, measuring system and framework five parts.Main frame, rotary power system, hydraulic lifting system, measuring system are separately fixed on the framework.
Main frame comprises axle, goes up shear box, down cut box and bearing flange; Main frame is the center with the axle; Connect the external bearing flange of axle in conical bearing and the following ball bearing; Connect the external desktop of bearing flange in the flange bracket, connect the external down cut box of bearing in the down cut box pallet, connect the external bearing bracket stand of axle in last ball bearing and the middle ball bearing; Connect bearing bracket stand in the linear bearing and connect shear box outward, last shear box top is loam cake.
Conical bearing plays a supportive role to axle and the right alignment of and Control Shaft and bearing flange fixing with following ball bearing; Reduce the friction factor between axle and the bearing flange simultaneously; Promptly axle can be in the inner rotation arbitrarily of bearing flange, and bearing flange is fastened on the desktop through nut and flange bracket; The axle the shaft shoulder down cut box pallet is played a supportive role and through the axle on spline to down cut box pallet transmitting rotary power, the down cut box rotates with axle, the down cut box is fixed on the down cut box pallet through nut, the down cut box rotates with axle; Last ball bearing and middle ball bearing are fixed on the bearing bracket stand through clamp one and clamp two; Right alignment between Control Shaft bolster and the axle also reduces the friction factor between axle and the bearing bracket stand; Promptly axle can rotate at the bearing bracket stand internal freedom; Linear bearing is fixed on the shear box through clamp three; The right alignment that the linear bearing maintenance is gone up between shear box and the bearing bracket stand also reduces the friction factor of going up between shear box and the bearing bracket stand, and last shear box can vertically move up and down around any rotation of bearing bracket stand and along bearing bracket stand, and loam cake is fixed on shear box top through nut and conveniently parts such as bearing is added lubricating oil.In the process of axle rotation, it is active surface that the rotation of axle drive down cut box makes the down cut face, and last shear surface is a driven surface and fixed, and formed the effect of shearing to the effective object in the shear box this moment.
The down cut box is fixed on the down cut box pallet through nut, thereby can more conveniently change parameters such as shear area through changing shear box, makes the shear box position have good opening.
Last shear surface one is fixed on the shear box through nut, and down cut face one is fixed on the down cut box through nut, and coarse shear surface upper and lower surfaces can produce horizontal shear force to the effective object in the shear box.
Last shear surface two is fixed on the shear box through nut, and down cut face two is fixed on the down cut box through nut, and coarse shear surface upper and lower surfaces can produce vertical shearing force to the effective object in the shear box.
Rotary power system comprises frequency converter, variable-frequency motor and reductor composition; Variable-frequency motor is horizontally fixed on base of frame through nut; The output shaft of variable-frequency motor is connected through the input shaft of shaft coupling with the reductor horizontal direction; The defeated output shaft straight up of reductor is connected through shaft coupling with the lower end of axle, and therefore axle rotates along with the motor output shaft rotation, and reductor is with the rotation direction half-twist of variable-frequency motor.
Hydraulic lifting system comprises hydraulic lifting arm and vertical load loading arm loading arm; Hydraulic lifting arm one end is fixed on the shear box through nut, and an end is fixed on the hydraulic hoist through nut, and hydraulic hoist passes to shear box through the hydraulic lifting arm with the load and the displacement of vertical direction, and hydraulic hoist is fixed on the framework simultaneously.
Measuring system comprises knotmeter, displacement transducer and pressure transducer and torque sensor.Knotmeter is fixed on the framework, the desktop below, can make the laser beam aiming axis and measure rotating speed through receiving reflection wave; Displacement transducer is fixed on the framework, and the below of hydraulic lifting arm is measured the displacement of last shear box thereby the displacement of hydraulic lifting arm measured; Pressure transducer is fixed on the strong point of hydraulic hoist to the hydraulic lifting arm, thereby the pressure of shear box to effective object in the shear box is gone up in the pressure measurement of measuring between hydraulic hoist and the hydraulic lifting arm; Torque sensor is fixed on hydraulic lifting arm and the horizontal junction of hydraulic hoist, measures the shearing force of effective object to last shear box indirectly through the horizontal pressure force of measuring between hydraulic lifting arm and the hydraulic hoist.
Technical characterstic of the present invention has:
1, the present invention is that prose style free from parallelism particles such as soil, stone provide a continuous flow environment of being sheared and the move distance upper limit to can be considered unlimited.
2, down cut box of the present invention can be torn open from down cut box pallet
3, unload, change the shear box of different volumes, shape according to user's requirement.Fix through being inverted countersunk nut between down cut box and the down cut face, both like shear surface replaceable, the nut of avoiding again is to the influence of shear surface.
4, the present invention can provide the horizontal shear force of different coefficients of friction through changing shear surface.
5, the present invention can provide the vertical shearing force of different coefficients of friction through changing shear surface.
6, the present invention can be that effective object provides different shear rates through the rotating speed that changes axle.
7, the present invention can provide different pressure at right angles to the effective object that act as of last shear box through hydraulic hoist.
8, the shear box of going up of the present invention can vertically move up and down.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the multi-functional ring shear apparatus one-piece construction of the present invention synoptic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is a main frame synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the synoptic diagram of shear box of the present invention position horizontal shear face structure.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the synoptic diagram of the vertical shear surface structure in shear box of the present invention position.
Among the figure: 1 variable-frequency motor and frequency converter; 2 reductors; 3 rotational speed meters; 4 main frames; 5 displacement transducers; 6 frequency converters;
7 hydraulic lifting arms; 8 hydraulic lifts; 9 frameworks; 10 loam cakes; Shear box on 11; 12 bearing bracket stands; Ball bearing on 13; 14 linear bearings; 15; Ball bearing in 16; Shear surface one on 17; 18 down cut boxes; 19 down cut faces one;
20 down cut box pallets; 21 flange brackets; 22 bearing flanges; 23 conical bearings; 24 times ball bearings; Shear surface two on 25; 26 down cut faces two; 27 torque sensors, 28 pressure transducers; 29 desktops; A1-A7 is a nut; B1-B3 is the bearing clamp.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing through structure of the present invention, operating process, test process and embodiment are further described.
Among Fig. 1, the present invention is mainly with the frame supported total.Variable-frequency motor 1, frequency converter 6 are connected through shaft coupling C1 with worm-gear speed reducer 2 usefulness, and are fixed on base of frame with nut.B4 is a desktop in the framework, is welded on the framework and supports with angle steel, and the flange bracket 21 of main frame is fixed on the desktop B4 through nut A1, guarantees that simultaneously axle 15 lower ends are connected through shaft coupling C2 straight line with the output shaft of worm-gear speed reducer 2.Hydraulic lift 8 is installed in position as shown in the figure on the frame side wall, and hydraulic lifting arm 7 one ends are fixed on that an end is fixed on the shear box 11 through nut A5 on the hydraulic means.Knotmeter 3 is installed in position as shown in the figure, desktop below, makes laser beam can shine on the axle 15.Displacement transducer 5 is installed position as shown in the figure, thus the displacement that can measure load arm.Pressure transducer, torque sensor 6 are installed in shown position, through the level between load arm 7 and the hydraulic load system 8, vertical interaction force, record shear box 11 suffered vertical load and shearing force.
Among Fig. 2; Host machine part of the present invention axle 15 is the center; The lower end relies on conical bearing 23 that the supporting role of vertical direction is provided through the output shaft of shaft coupling C2 connection worm-gear speed reducer 2, and conical bearing 23 and following ball bearing 24 provide the verticality of vertical direction jointly.Bearing flange 22 is fixed conical bearing 23 and following ball bearing 24, is fixed on the flange bracket 21 through nut A6 simultaneously.Down cut pallet 20 is fixed on the axle 15 through spline, links together through nut A2 and down cut box 18 simultaneously.Bearing bracket stand 12 is fixed on the axle 15 through last ball bearing 13 and middle ball bearing 16; Because process axis bolster 12 does not bear vertical load; So the interference fit between the three gets final product the gravity of back shaft bolster 12; Last ball bearing 13 is fixed on the bearing bracket stand 12 through clamp B1, and middle ball bearing 16 is fixed on the bearing bracket stand 12 through clamp B2.Last shear box 11 is connected with bearing bracket stand 12 through linear bearing 14, and linear bearing 14 is fixed on the shear box 11 through B3, and through the transition of two-layer bearing, last shear box 11 has separated the rotating force of axle 15, has only kept the coaxial relation with axle 15.But and last shear box 11 in the vertical direction free movements.
Fig. 3 is the shear box sketch of horizontal shear structure of the present invention, last shear surface 1 be connected with last shear box 11 through nut A4, down cut face 1 passes through nut A3 and is connected with down cut box 18.During the course; The inwall of the vertical direction of down cut box 18 is a shiny surface; Down cut face one 19 upper horizontal surface are uneven surface and rotate with axle 15 that last shear surface one 17 horizontal surface are uneven surface and fixed static, so two parallel uneven surfaces have produced the horizontal shear effect to effective object.
Fig. 4 is the shear box sketch of the vertical shear constitution of the present invention, last shear surface 25 be connected with last shear box 11 through nut A4, down cut face 26 passes through nut A3 and is connected with down cut box 18.In mechanism; Down cut face 27 surface levels are shiny surface, and vertically the inboard is a uneven surface, and last shear surface 25 surface levels are shiny surface; Vertically the outside is a uneven surface; Down cut face 26 rotates with axle 15, last shear surface 2 25 fixed statics, therefore two vertical inside and outside parallel shear surface effective object has been produced the effect of vertical shearing.
Claims (4)
1. a multi-functional ring shear apparatus comprises main frame, hydraulic lifting system, rotary power system, measuring system and framework five parts, and a kind of multi-functional ring shear apparatus comprises main frame, hydraulic lifting system, rotary power system, measuring system and framework; Main frame, rotary power system, hydraulic lifting system, measuring system are separately fixed on the framework; It is characterized in that:
Main frame comprises axle, goes up shear box, down cut box and bearing flange; Main frame is the center with the axle, conical bearing axle is played a supportive role and with following ball bearing the right alignment of fixing and Control Shaft and bearing flange, axle rotates arbitrarily in that bearing flange is inner, bearing flange is fastened on the desktop through nut and flange bracket; The axle the shaft shoulder down cut box pallet is played a supportive role and through the axle on spline to down cut box pallet transmitting rotary power, the down cut box rotates with axle, the down cut box is fixed on the down cut box pallet through nut, the down cut box rotates with axle; Last ball bearing and middle ball bearing are fixed on the bearing bracket stand through clamp one and clamp two; Axle rotates at the bearing bracket stand internal freedom; Linear bearing is fixed on the shear box through clamp three; The linear bearing maintenance is gone up the right alignment between shear box and the bearing bracket stand and is reduced the friction factor of going up between shear box and the bearing bracket stand, and last shear box vertically moves up and down around any rotation of bearing bracket stand and along bearing bracket stand, and loam cake is fixed on shear box top through nut; In the process of axle rotation, it is active surface that the rotation of axle drive down cut box makes the down cut face, and last shear surface is a driven surface and fixed, and formed the effect of shearing to the subjects in the shear box this moment;
The down cut box is fixed on the down cut box pallet through nut, changes shear parameters through changing shear box;
Last shear surface one is fixed on the shear box through nut, and down cut face one is fixed on the down cut box through nut, and coarse shear surface upper and lower surfaces produces horizontal shear force to object in the shear box;
Last shear surface two is fixed on the shear box through nut, and down cut face two is fixed on the down cut box through nut, and coarse shear surface upper and lower surfaces produces vertical shearing force to the object in the shear box;
Last shear surface one is fixed on the shear box, and down cut face one is fixed on the down cut box;
Last shear surface two is fixed on the shear box, and down cut face two is fixed on the down cut box.
2. a kind of multi-functional ring shear apparatus according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Rotary power system comprises frequency converter, variable-frequency motor and reductor composition; Variable-frequency motor is horizontally fixed on base of frame through nut, and the output shaft of variable-frequency motor is connected through the input shaft of shaft coupling with the reductor horizontal direction, and the defeated output shaft straight up of reductor is connected through shaft coupling with the lower end of axle; Therefore axle rotates along with the motor output shaft rotation, and reductor is with the rotation direction half-twist of variable-frequency motor.
3. a kind of multi-functional ring shear apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that, hydraulic lifting system comprises hydraulic lifting arm and vertical load loading arm loading arm; Hydraulic lifting arm one end is fixed on the shear box through nut, and an end is fixed on the hydraulic hoist through nut, and hydraulic hoist passes to shear box through the hydraulic lifting arm with the load and the displacement of vertical direction, and hydraulic hoist is fixed on the framework simultaneously.
4. a kind of multi-functional ring shear apparatus according to claim 1 is characterized in that measuring system comprises knotmeter, displacement transducer and pressure transducer and torque sensor.Knotmeter is fixed on the framework, the desktop below, makes the laser beam aiming axis and measures rotating speed through receiving reflection wave; Displacement transducer is fixed on the framework, and the below of hydraulic lifting arm is measured the displacement of last shear box thereby the displacement of hydraulic lifting arm measured; Pressure transducer is fixed on the strong point of hydraulic hoist to the hydraulic lifting arm, thereby the pressure of shear box to effective object in the shear box is gone up in the pressure measurement of measuring between hydraulic hoist and the hydraulic lifting arm; Torque sensor is fixed on hydraulic lifting arm and the horizontal junction of hydraulic hoist, measures the shearing force of effective object to last shear box indirectly through the horizontal pressure force of measuring between hydraulic lifting arm and the hydraulic hoist.
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CN 201210081081 CN102621044B (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Multifunctional ring shear apparatus |
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CN 201210081081 CN102621044B (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2012-03-23 | Multifunctional ring shear apparatus |
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CN102621044B CN102621044B (en) | 2013-11-06 |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103278400A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-09-04 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | In-situ ring shearing test apparatus for soil |
CN104614258A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-13 | 同济大学 | Testing device for contact shear resistance, bending resistance and torsion resistance of hemispherical ideal cementation particles |
CN104792629A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-22 | 深圳大学 | Handheld constant rigidity ring shear apparatus and using method thereof |
CN105067453A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江土工仪器制造有限公司 | Ring shear apparatus for circular-ring-shaped soil sample |
CN105571955A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-11 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Simple servo controlled soil shearing rheometer |
CN105784568A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Rotary shearing type contact surface anti-permeability characteristic test device |
CN106840810A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-13 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of ring shear test and preparation of soil sample device suitable for vertical shearing face |
CN107741366A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-27 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of wide section ring shear apparatus of power control formula and its application in research on landslide |
CN108801804A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-11-13 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of vertical shearing face ring scissor test instrument applying confining pressure |
CN111879604A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-03 | 贵州省质安交通工程监控检测中心有限责任公司 | Anchor structure surface anchoring performance tester |
CN117288603A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2023-12-26 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Up-to-down resistance type multi-layer high-efficiency ring shear tester and application thereof |
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Cited By (18)
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CN103278400B (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2015-09-16 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Soil in-situ ring cuts experiment instrument |
CN103278400A (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-09-04 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | In-situ ring shearing test apparatus for soil |
CN104614258A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-05-13 | 同济大学 | Testing device for contact shear resistance, bending resistance and torsion resistance of hemispherical ideal cementation particles |
CN104792629B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-01-19 | 深圳大学 | A kind of hand-held constant stiffness ring shear apparatus and its application method |
CN104792629A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-22 | 深圳大学 | Handheld constant rigidity ring shear apparatus and using method thereof |
WO2016173365A1 (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-11-03 | 深圳大学 | Handheld constant-stiffness ring shear apparatus and method for using same |
CN105067453A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江土工仪器制造有限公司 | Ring shear apparatus for circular-ring-shaped soil sample |
CN105571955A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-11 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Simple servo controlled soil shearing rheometer |
CN105784568B (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2019-01-25 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The impervious characteristic test apparatus of revolution shearing type contact surface |
CN105784568A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Rotary shearing type contact surface anti-permeability characteristic test device |
CN106840810A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-06-13 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of ring shear test and preparation of soil sample device suitable for vertical shearing face |
CN107741366A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-27 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of wide section ring shear apparatus of power control formula and its application in research on landslide |
CN107741366B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-02-28 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Application method of force-controlled wide-section ring shear apparatus in landslide research |
CN108801804A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-11-13 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of vertical shearing face ring scissor test instrument applying confining pressure |
CN111879604A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-11-03 | 贵州省质安交通工程监控检测中心有限责任公司 | Anchor structure surface anchoring performance tester |
CN111879604B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2023-07-07 | 贵州省质安交通工程监控检测中心有限责任公司 | Anchor performance tester for anchor structure surface |
CN117288603A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2023-12-26 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Up-to-down resistance type multi-layer high-efficiency ring shear tester and application thereof |
CN117288603B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-03-08 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Up-to-down resistance type multi-layer high-efficiency ring shear tester and application thereof |
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