CN102620287B - Circulating fluidized bed boiler with air cooling type cyclone separator - Google Patents

Circulating fluidized bed boiler with air cooling type cyclone separator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102620287B
CN102620287B CN201210093741.XA CN201210093741A CN102620287B CN 102620287 B CN102620287 B CN 102620287B CN 201210093741 A CN201210093741 A CN 201210093741A CN 102620287 B CN102620287 B CN 102620287B
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air
bellows
cyclone separator
heating surface
separator
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CN102620287A (en
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杨海瑞
王庆功
苗竹
刘青
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Beijing Jiechuang Huarui Technology Co Ltd
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler with an air cooling type cyclone separator. The circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a furnace cavity, a cyclone separator and a tail flue, wherein the cyclone separator adopts the air cooling type cyclone separator; the heating surface of a separator body adopts a membrane wall or wind chamber structure and is cooled by air; an inlet air box is arranged at the bottom end of the air cooling type cyclone separator, and an outlet air box is arranged at the top of a separator barrel body; the primary air heating surface and the secondary air heating surface of the heating surface of the separator body are separately arranged; and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitration system is arranged at the lower part of the tail flue. According to the circulating fluidized bed boiler, the air cooling of the cyclone separator can be realized, the occupied partial space of an air preheater in the tail flue is saved to arrange the SCR denitration system, the whole boiler is simple in structure and low in constructing and running costs, and the process of desulfurizing and denitrating at the same time in the circulating fluidized bed boiler is reasonably implemented.

Description

A kind of CFBB with air-cooled type cyclone separator
Technical field
The invention belongs to Thermal Power Engineering applied technical field, be specifically related to a kind of CFBB with air-cooled type cyclone separator.
Background technology
Cyclone separator is one of critical component of CFBB, also be one of technology of restriction recirculating fluidized bed large scale development, the Main Function of cyclone separator is that the high-temperature material that furnace outlet is discharged separates from flue gas, by material returning valve, send burner hearth emulsion zone back to and continue to participate in circulation and burning, the efficiency of separator and operational effect have directly determined the circulating ratio of particle and the material balance in recirculating fluidized bed.
Current disclosed cyclone separator technology, comprise high-temperature heat insulation formula cyclone separator and cooling cyclone separator, the latter is mainly employing membrane wall structure, utilizes water-cooled or cold circle or the square cyclone separator of vapour, such as the disclosed Water cooled square cyclone separator with accelerating sections of Chinese patent ZL93235842.X and the disclosed high-temperature horizontal cyclone separator of CN101786050A, these are all the successful trials in high temperature cyclone separator evolution.Yet, bulky, the problem such as cost is high, easy coking that Adiabatic Cyclone separator exists, the evaporating heating surface of water-cooled or vaporphase cooling separator or superheater surface also can move into burner hearth completely and adopt other methods for cooling.
In addition, for coal-burning boiler, for controlling NOx discharge, in many situations, need to adopt selective catalytic reduction (SCR) to realize flue gas NOx reduction, but SCR system floor space is large, system complex, need to extend or changes back-end ductwork structure to guarantee the installing space of SCR system, so conventional boiler installs SCR additional and can produce a very large impact back-end ductwork convection heating surface, steelframe and staircase etc.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler systems is provided, its cyclone separator is cooling with primary and secondary air air, saving Air Preheater Heating Surface and institute take up space, thereby directly in back-end ductwork bottom, install SCR denitrating system additional, rationally utilize boiler and back-end ductwork space, realize the dual purpose of efficient burning and low pollutant emission.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of CFBB with air-cooled type cyclone separator, it contains burner hearth, be arranged in an air compartment of burner hearth bottom, the overfiren air port of burner hearth emulsion zone, cyclone separator and back-end ductwork, the outlet of described burner hearth is connected with the entrance of cyclone separator, the lower part outlet of cyclone separator is connected with burner hearth emulsion zone by feeding back device, in described back-end ductwork, be furnished with successively high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, economizer and air preheater, it is characterized in that: described cyclone separator adopts air-cooled type cyclone separator, it is cooling that separator main body heating surface passes into air, the bottom of this air-cooled type cyclone separator is furnished with air intake bellows, Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler top is provided with air outlet slit bellows, air intake bellows and air outlet slit bellows are connected with separator main body heating surface, separator inwall is covered with refractory material, the outlet of described air preheater is connected with air intake bellows by pipeline, described air outlet slit bellows are connected with overfiren air port with an air compartment respectively by pipeline.
Another technical characterictic of the present invention is: the main body heating surface of described air-cooled type cyclone separator adopts membrane wall or plenum chamber structure;
Another technical characterictic of the present invention is: main body heating surface spaced apart is wind heating surface and Secondary Air heating surface in described air-cooled type cyclone separator, described air intake bellows comprise wind entrance bellows and Secondary Air entrance bellows, described air outlet slit bellows comprise a wind and export bellows and Secondary Air outlet bellows, wind entrance bellows and wind outlet bellows are connected with a wind heating surface respectively, Secondary Air entrance bellows and Secondary Air outlet bellows are connected with Secondary Air heating surface respectively, one time wind outlet bellows are connected with an air compartment by pipeline, Secondary Air outlet bellows are connected with overfiren air port by pipeline.
In technique scheme, the selective catalytic reduction of described air preheater lower disposed (SCR) denitrating system, wind heating surface in described cyclone separator and the Area Ratio of Secondary Air heating surface are 6: 4~5: 5.
The present invention has the following advantages and high-lighting effect: 1. cyclone separator is cooling by air, and its good cooling results is simple in structure, and separator is pressure-containing member not, thereby handling safety, and saves a part of back-end ductwork heat transfer space; 2. in the back-end ductwork space of saving, install SCR denitrating system additional, thereby avoided adjustment back-end ductwork structure and flue gas flow to install SCR system additional, less to whole steam generator system structure influence, cost is lower; 3. the heating surface spaced apart of primary and secondary air in main air preheater and cyclone separator, realizes the heating respectively of boiler primary and secondary air, air feed respectively; 4. combine with the desulfurization of recirculating fluidized bed itself, this boiler can be realized desulphurization and denitration simultaneously, greatly reduces pollutant emission.5. substitute adiabatic separator, thereby solve, adiabatic separator is heavy, startup heat is chronic greatly, use the problems such as the easy coking of strong after-burning coal; 6. substitute cooled type separator, the evaporating heating surface of replacing is moved into burner hearth, save the shared back-end ductwork of part air preheater space; 7. substitute the cold separator of vapour, the superheater surface of replacement is put into burner hearth, save the shared back-end ductwork of part air preheater space.Therefore, the present invention can be used on the boiler of existing form of ownership separator, and installs SCR denitrating system additional easily, at low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that separator of the present invention adopts membrane wall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that separator of the present invention adopts plenum chamber structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is separator air outlet slit bellows generalized section of the present invention (for the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 2).
Fig. 5 is that separator air intake bellows generalized section of the present invention (is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 2.
In figure: 1-burner hearth; 2-air-cooled type cyclone separator; 3-back-end ductwork; 4-air preheater; 5-air intake bellows; Wind entrance bellows of 5a-; 5b-Secondary Air entrance bellows; 6-air outlet slit bellows; Wind outlet bellows of 6a-; 6b-Secondary Air outlet bellows; Air compartment of 7-; 8-overfiren air port; 9-SCR (SCR) denitrating system; 10-exhanst gas outlet; 11a-membrane wall; 11b-air compartment; 12-refractory material.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further illustrate principle of the present invention, concrete structure and preferred forms.
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention, this civilization comprises burner hearth 1, is arranged in an air compartment 7 of burner hearth bottom, overfiren air port 8, cyclone separator and the back-end ductwork 3 of burner hearth emulsion zone, the outlet of burner hearth 1 is connected with the entrance of cyclone separator, the lower part outlet of cyclone separator is connected with burner hearth emulsion zone by feeding back device, is furnished with successively high temperature superheater, low temperature superheater, economizer and air preheater 4 in back-end ductwork 3; Cyclone separator adopts air-cooled type cyclone separator 2, it is cooling that separator main body heating surface passes into air, the bottom of this air-cooled type cyclone separator 2 is furnished with air intake bellows 5, Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler top is provided with air outlet slit bellows 6, air intake bellows 5 and air outlet slit bellows 6 are connected with separator main body heating surface, and separator inwall is covered with refractory material 12; The present invention carries out preheating as preheater to primary and secondary air by air-cooled type cyclone separator 2, for avoiding heating surface area in separator to can not meet the requirement of air preheat, retain the portion of air preheater 4 in back-end ductwork, the outlet of air preheater 4 is connected with air intake bellows 5 by pipeline; First cold wind sent in air preheater 4 and carried out preheating, introduces afterwards the air intake bellows 5 of separator, in separator, carries out sufficient heat exchange with flue gas, by air outlet slit bellows 6, drawn; Air outlet slit bellows 6 are connected with overfiren air port 8 with an air compartment 7 respectively by pipeline, send into burner hearth 1 respectively participate in burning through the air of separator preheating as wind and Secondary Air; The back-end ductwork selective catalytic reduction of 3 lower disposed (SCR) denitrating system 9, flue gas in back-end ductwork 3 with each convection heating surface in after sufficient heat exchange, enter in SCR denitrating system 9 and carry out denitration reaction with reducing agent, clean flue gas is discharged boiler by exhanst gas outlet.
Fig. 2 is that separator of the present invention adopts membrane wall structure schematic diagram, heat-transfer surface in air-cooled type cyclone separator 2 adopts membrane wall 11a structure, membrane wall 11a is that pipe and the Plate Welding system of spelling forms, membrane wall 11a is connected with air outlet slit bellows 6 with air intake bellows 5 respectively, air is sent to interior the flowing of pipe that entrance bellows 5 are assigned to membrane wall 11a afterwards, and the high-temperature material in the separated device of inner air tube is drawn after being pooled to air outlet slit bellows 6 after heating.
Fig. 3 is that separator of the present invention adopts plenum chamber structure schematic diagram, heat-transfer surface in air-cooled type cyclone separator 2 adopts air compartment 11b structure, air compartment 11b is connected with air outlet slit bellows 6 with air intake bellows 5 respectively, and air flows and is heated in air compartment 11b.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are respectively separator air outlet slit bellows 6 of the present invention and air intake bellows 5 generalized sections, for realizing in separator one, the difference preheating of Secondary Air, difference air feed, main body heating surface spaced apart in air-cooled type cyclone separator 2 is wind heating surface and Secondary Air heating surface, simultaneously, air intake bellows 5 comprise wind entrance bellows 5a and Secondary Air entrance bellows 5b, air outlet slit bellows 6 comprise a wind and export bellows 6a and Secondary Air outlet bellows 6b, a wind entrance bellows 5a and a wind outlet bellows 6a are connected with a wind heating surface respectively, Secondary Air entrance bellows 5b and Secondary Air outlet bellows 6b are connected with Secondary Air heating surface respectively, one time wind outlet bellows 6a is connected with an air compartment 7 by pipeline, Secondary Air outlet bellows 6b is connected with overfiren air port 8 by pipeline, like this, after the wind heating surface heating by air preheater 4 of wind, introduce a wind heating surface of separator by wind entrance bellows 5a, preheating is directly introduced air compartment 7 one time by a wind outlet bellows 6a, after the Secondary Air heating surface heating of Secondary Air by air preheater 4, introduce the Secondary Air heating surface of separator by Secondary Air entrance bellows 5b, preheating is directly guided overfiren air port 8 into by Secondary Air outlet bellows 6b.The interior primary and secondary air heating surface of air-cooled type cyclone separator 2 Area Ratio is 6: 4~5: 5, to realize the proportioning of primary and secondary air under different fuel, different combustion conditions.
Operation principle of the present invention: cold air is sent in air preheater 4 by air blast, carries out respectively preheating to primary and secondary air, and air is sent into the air intake bellows 5 of air-cooled type cyclone separator 2 after being drawn by air preheater 4; Primary and secondary air is bottom-up flowing in the membrane wall heating surface of separator or air compartment, realizes cooling to separator, and air is heated simultaneously; Hot-air is drawn and is sent into respectively air compartment 7 and overfiren air port 8 via the air outlet slit bellows 6 of separator, realizes the primary and secondary air of boiler and supplies with; Coal and desulfurizing agent are sent into burner hearth 1 by coal feeding hole and desulfurizing agent entrance respectively and are burnt and desulphurization reaction, the high-temperature flue gas of burner hearth 1 interior generation is carrying a large amount of material particles and is entering in air-cooled type cyclone separator 2, centrifugation through separator, the separated material getting off returns to burner hearth emulsion zone by material returning valve, and flue gas enters back-end ductwork 3 and carries out heat exchange with convection heating surface; In back-end ductwork 3 bottoms, due to air preheater reduce to save segment space, be furnished with SCR denitrating system 9, flue gas reacted with the denitrification reducing agent in SCR denitrating system 9 before flowing out back-end ductwork 3, NO_x removal; Clean flue gas through desulphurization denitration is discharged boiler by exhanst gas outlet.
Use a kind of CFBB with air-cooled type cyclone separator provided by the invention, separator adopts air cooling, therefore can save the segment space of the shared back-end ductwork of air preheater, thereby arrange SCR denitrating system, whole steam generator system is simple in structure, reasonable implementation CFBB desulphurization denitration process simultaneously, build and operating cost lower.

Claims (3)

1. the CFBB with air-cooled type cyclone separator, it contains burner hearth (1), be arranged in an air compartment (7) of burner hearth bottom, the overfiren air port of burner hearth emulsion zone (8), cyclone separator and back-end ductwork (3), the outlet of described burner hearth (1) is connected with the entrance of cyclone separator, the lower part outlet of cyclone separator is connected with burner hearth emulsion zone by feeding back device, described back-end ductwork is furnished with high temperature superheater in (3) successively, low temperature superheater, economizer and air preheater (4), it is characterized in that: described cyclone separator adopts air-cooled type cyclone separator (2), it is cooling that separator main body heating surface passes into air, the bottom of this air-cooled type cyclone separator (2) is furnished with air intake bellows (5), Membrane Separator Cylinder for CFB Boiler top is provided with air outlet slit bellows (6), air intake bellows (5) and air outlet slit bellows (6) are connected with separator main body heating surface, separator inwall is covered with refractory material (12), the outlet of described air preheater (4) is connected with air intake bellows (5) by pipeline, described air outlet slit bellows (6) are connected with overfiren air port (8) with an air compartment (7) respectively by pipeline,
The interior main body heating surface of described air-cooled type cyclone separator (2) spaced apart is wind heating surface and Secondary Air heating surface, described air intake bellows (5) comprise wind entrance bellows (5a) and Secondary Air entrance bellows (5b), described air outlet slit bellows (6) comprise a wind and export bellows (6a) and Secondary Air outlet bellows (6b), wind entrance bellows (5a) and wind outlet bellows (6a) are connected with a wind heating surface respectively, Secondary Air entrance bellows (5b) and Secondary Air outlet bellows (6b) are connected with Secondary Air heating surface respectively, wind outlet bellows (6a) are connected with an air compartment (7) by pipeline, Secondary Air outlet bellows (6b) are connected with overfiren air port (8) by pipeline,
The main body heating surface of described air-cooled type cyclone separator adopts membrane wall (11a) or air compartment (11b) structure.
2. a kind of CFBB with air-cooled type cyclone separator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the selective catalytic-reduction denitrified system of described air preheater (4) lower disposed (9).
3. a kind of CFBB with air-cooled type cyclone separator according to claim 1, is characterized in that: wind heating surface in described cyclone separator and the Area Ratio of Secondary Air heating surface are 6:4~5:5.
CN201210093741.XA 2012-03-31 2012-03-31 Circulating fluidized bed boiler with air cooling type cyclone separator Active CN102620287B (en)

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CN103017329B (en) * 2012-12-21 2015-02-04 哈尔滨工业大学 Hot-blast stove system and method for different-speed circulating fluidized bed
CN108800112B (en) * 2018-06-29 2019-05-31 安庆市凯瑞建材有限公司 A kind of low emission biomass circulating fluidized bed hot-blast stove of mortar production
CN109161407B (en) * 2018-10-16 2024-04-30 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 Device and method for biomass high-adaptability and high-efficiency positive pressure gasification coupling coal-fired boiler
CN111396865B (en) * 2020-04-16 2024-04-30 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 High-efficient air supply system and circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof
CN114576619A (en) * 2022-03-04 2022-06-03 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 Circulating fluidized bed boiler

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CN201316679Y (en) * 2008-12-02 2009-09-30 华北电力大学 Thermophoresis-type cyclone separator for superfine particles
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CN101952661A (en) * 2008-02-28 2011-01-19 三菱重工环境·化学工程株式会社 Circulation type fluidized-bed furnace, treating system equipped with circulation type fluidized-bed furnace, and method of operating circulation type fluidized-bed furnace
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Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN200946802Y (en) * 2006-08-11 2007-09-12 国电科技环保集团山东龙源环保有限公司 Circulating fluidized bed boiler for stalk circulation
CN101952661A (en) * 2008-02-28 2011-01-19 三菱重工环境·化学工程株式会社 Circulation type fluidized-bed furnace, treating system equipped with circulation type fluidized-bed furnace, and method of operating circulation type fluidized-bed furnace
CN201316679Y (en) * 2008-12-02 2009-09-30 华北电力大学 Thermophoresis-type cyclone separator for superfine particles
CN101786050A (en) * 2009-10-09 2010-07-28 哈尔滨工业大学 Water-cooled or air-cooled high-temperature horizontal cyclone separator of circulating fluidized bed with accelerating section
CN201862474U (en) * 2010-11-04 2011-06-15 福建陶金峰新材料有限公司 Cyclone separator

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