CN111396865B - High-efficient air supply system and circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof - Google Patents
High-efficient air supply system and circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111396865B CN111396865B CN202010299041.0A CN202010299041A CN111396865B CN 111396865 B CN111396865 B CN 111396865B CN 202010299041 A CN202010299041 A CN 202010299041A CN 111396865 B CN111396865 B CN 111396865B
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency air supply system, which comprises: the adjustable inlet air box comprises a primary air inlet air box and a secondary air inlet air box, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box is adjustable; the adjustable outlet air box comprises a primary air outlet air box and a secondary air outlet air box, and the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is adjustable; the air preheater is arranged in the tail flue and comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, and the area ratio of the heating surfaces of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater is adjusted along with the adjustment of the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet box. The boiler comprises the high-efficiency air supply system. The invention adjusts the proportion of the heating surface of the secondary air preheater according to the different proportion of the secondary air volume of the boiler operation in the actual operation process, reduces the deviation of the temperature of the secondary air hot air at the outlet of the air preheater, reduces the heat loss of the boiler smoke exhaust and improves the boiler efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boiler equipment, in particular to a high-efficiency air supply system and a circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof.
Background
At present, a tube type air preheater is adopted for a considerable part of circulating fluidized bed boilers with 300MW grade and below 300MW capacity, wherein a front flue is provided with a secondary air preheater, and a rear flue is provided with a primary air preheater.
In the boiler design process, the design proportion of the heating surface of the air preheater is usually steady-state design, for example, a certain 350MW supercritical CFB boiler project engineering is taken as an example, the area proportion of the heating surface is about 6:4 when the primary air quantity (including coal sowing air) and the secondary air quantity proportion are designed to be 6:4, and in the actual operation of the boiler, the primary air quantity proportion and the secondary air quantity proportion can be greatly changed in different load change processes, for example, in the low-load operation of the boiler, in order to ensure that the bed material is fully fluidized to avoid coking, the primary air quantity proportion is usually higher, the primary air quantity proportion and the secondary air quantity proportion is 7:3 when in the low-load operation, and the primary air quantity proportion can be larger along with the deep peak regulation of the unit participation. The deviation of the primary air quantity proportion and the design value causes larger deviation of the primary air temperature, when the primary air quantity proportion is larger, the primary air temperature at the outlet of the air preheater is about 80.0 ℃ lower than the primary air temperature (the primary air temperature is 175 ℃ and the secondary air temperature is 255 ℃), meanwhile, the deviation of about 90 ℃ exists between the two sides of the exhaust air temperature (the exhaust air temperature at the primary air side is low and the exhaust air temperature at the secondary air side is high), the combustion efficiency of the boiler is reduced due to the lower primary air temperature, and the heat loss of the exhaust air of the boiler is increased due to the increase of the exhaust air temperature, so that the overall heat efficiency of the boiler is reduced.
When the boiler operates under high load, in order to control the emission of NOx, the proportion of secondary air is usually larger, the proportion of primary air quantity (including coal sowing air) and secondary air quantity is changed to 5:5, and at the moment, the deviation of the primary air temperature and the deviation of the exhaust gas temperature are opposite to the above, namely, the primary air temperature at the outlet of the air preheater is higher than the secondary air temperature, the exhaust gas temperature at the corresponding flue gas side is also higher, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler can be reduced. In addition, too low exhaust temperature also causes the conditions of fly ash hardening, flue blockage and the like of the air preheater, so that the low-temperature corrosion of the air preheater is aggravated, and the service life of the air preheater is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-efficiency air supply system with an adjustable heating surface proportion of a secondary air preheater and a circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof, thereby solving the related problems that the temperature of the secondary air hot air generates larger deviation and the corresponding exhaust temperature also generates larger deviation.
One aspect of the present invention provides a high efficiency air supply system comprising:
the adjustable inlet air box comprises a primary air inlet air box and a secondary air inlet air box, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box is adjustable;
The adjustable outlet air box comprises a primary air outlet air box and a secondary air outlet air box, and the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is adjustable;
The air preheater is arranged in the tail flue and comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box are respectively connected with air side inlets of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater, and air side outlets of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater are respectively connected with air inlets of the primary air outlet box and the secondary air outlet box;
The heating surface area ratio of the primary air preheater to the secondary air preheater is adjusted along with the adjustment of the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box to the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet box.
According to one embodiment of the efficient air supply system, air inlets of the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box in the adjustable inlet air box are respectively connected with the primary air fan and the secondary air fan, and the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box in the adjustable outlet air box is consistent with the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box in the adjustable inlet air box, wherein the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box in the adjustable inlet air box is adjusted according to the air volume ratio of the primary air and the secondary air in the adjustable inlet air box.
According to one embodiment of the efficient air supply system, the sum of the heating surface area of the primary air-air preheater and the heating surface area of the secondary air-air preheater is the total heat exchange surface area of the air preheater, and the flue gas side outlets of the primary air-air preheater and the secondary air-air preheater in the air preheater are respectively provided with an outlet flue baffle and a flue gas temperature measuring point.
According to one embodiment of the high-efficiency air supply system, an inlet air box baffle plate for separating the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box is arranged in the adjustable inlet air box, the inlet air box baffle plate can slide and is in flexible sealing with a box body of the adjustable inlet air box, and the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box is adjusted through the sliding of the inlet air box baffle plate;
The adjustable outlet air box is characterized in that an outlet air box partition plate for separating the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is arranged in the adjustable outlet air box, the outlet air box partition plate is slidable and is in flexible seal with the box body of the adjustable outlet air box, and the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is adjusted through the sliding of the outlet air box partition plate.
According to one embodiment of the high-efficiency air supply system, air inlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box are respectively connected with a primary air blower and a secondary air blower through a primary air inlet main pipe and a secondary air inlet main pipe, and an air quantity adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit are respectively arranged on the primary air inlet main pipe and the secondary air inlet main pipe; the air outlet of the primary air outlet box is connected with the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe, the air outlet of the secondary air outlet box is connected with the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe, and outlet air temperature measuring points are respectively arranged on the primary air outlet main pipe and the secondary air outlet main pipe.
According to one embodiment of the efficient air supply system, the adjustable inlet bellows is provided with a primary air inlet fixed part, a secondary air inlet fixed part and an air inlet adjustable part, wherein the primary air inlet fixed part and the whole or part of the air inlet adjustable part are arranged on two sides of the adjustable inlet bellows, the primary air inlet bellows is formed by the primary air inlet fixed part and the whole or part of the air inlet adjustable part, the secondary air inlet bellows is formed by the secondary air inlet fixed part and the whole or part of the air inlet adjustable part, and the adjustment of the area ratio of the primary air inlet bellows to the secondary air inlet bellows in the adjustable inlet bellows is realized by combining the whole or part of the air inlet adjustable part into the primary air inlet bellows or the secondary air inlet bellows;
The adjustable outlet air box is internally provided with a primary air outlet fixed part, a secondary air outlet fixed part and an air outlet adjustable part, wherein the primary air outlet fixed part and the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part are arranged on two sides of the adjustable outlet air box, the primary air outlet fixed part and the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part form a primary air outlet air box, the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part and the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part form a secondary air outlet air box, and the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box in the adjustable outlet air box is realized by merging the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part into the primary air outlet air box or the secondary air outlet air box;
The air preheater is provided with a primary air fixed heating surface, a secondary air fixed heating surface and a variable heating surface, wherein the primary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surfaces are arranged on two sides of the air preheater, the primary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surfaces form a primary air preheater, and the secondary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surfaces form a secondary air preheater;
The area of the fixed heating surface formed by the primary air fixed heating surface or the secondary air fixed heating surface accounts for 10-50% of the total heat exchange area of the air preheater, and the area of the variable heating surface accounts for 0-80% of the total heat exchange area of the air preheater.
According to one embodiment of the efficient air supply system, air inlets of a primary air inlet fixed part and a secondary air inlet fixed part in the adjustable inlet bellows are respectively connected with a primary air inlet main branch pipe and a secondary air inlet main branch pipe, the air inlet adjustable part is divided into n air inlet subareas, and an air inlet of each air inlet subarea is respectively connected with a primary air inlet secondary branch pipe and a secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe at the same time; the air outlets of the primary air outlet fixed part and the secondary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet bellows are respectively connected with a primary air outlet main branch pipe and a secondary air outlet main branch pipe, the air outlet adjustable part is divided into n air outlet subareas, and the air outlet of each air outlet subarea is respectively and simultaneously connected with a primary air outlet secondary branch pipe and a secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe, wherein n is more than or equal to 1;
The primary air inlet secondary branch pipe or the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe of each air inlet subarea is connected to respectively integrate each air inlet subarea with a primary air inlet fixed part or a secondary air inlet fixed part into a primary air inlet box or a secondary air inlet box, so that the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet box is adjusted;
The primary air outlet secondary branch pipe or the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe of each air outlet partition is connected to integrate each air inlet partition with the primary air outlet fixed part or the secondary air outlet fixed part into the primary air outlet box or the secondary air outlet box respectively, so that the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box and the secondary air outlet box in the adjustable outlet box is adjusted.
According to one embodiment of the high-efficiency air supply system, a primary air inlet main branch pipe of a primary air inlet fixed part in the adjustable inlet bellows is connected with a primary air inlet secondary branch pipe of each air inlet partition in parallel to form a primary air inlet pipe group and is connected with a primary air blower through a primary air inlet main pipe, and a secondary air inlet main branch pipe of a secondary air inlet fixed part in the adjustable inlet bellows is connected with a secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe of each air inlet partition in parallel to form a secondary air inlet pipe group and is connected with the secondary air blower through a secondary air inlet main pipe;
The primary air outlet main branch pipe of the primary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet bellows is connected with the primary air outlet secondary branch pipes of all air outlet subareas in parallel to form a primary air outlet pipe group and is connected with the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe, and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe of the secondary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet bellows is connected with the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipes of all air outlet subareas in parallel to form a secondary air outlet pipe group and is connected with the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe.
According to one embodiment of the efficient air supply system, the primary air inlet main branch pipe, the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe, the secondary air inlet main branch pipe and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe are respectively provided with an air quantity adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit, the primary air outlet main branch pipe, the primary air outlet secondary branch pipe, the secondary air outlet main branch pipe and the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe are respectively provided with an air quantity adjusting baffle, and the primary air outlet main pipe and the secondary air outlet main pipe are respectively provided with outlet air temperature measuring points.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler with an efficient air supply system, comprising the efficient air supply system described above, which provides hot primary air to the plenum of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and hot secondary air to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Compared with the conventional scheme, the circulating fluidized bed boiler with the adjustable proportion of the heated surface of the secondary air preheater is provided, the proportion of the heated surface of the secondary air preheater is adjusted to be suitable for the proportion of the air volume proportion of the secondary air preheater according to the difference of the air volume proportion of the secondary air in the operation of the boiler in the actual operation process, the deviation of the temperature of the hot air of the secondary air at the outlet of the air preheater is greatly reduced, the combustion efficiency is improved, the deviation of the flue gas side exhaust temperature of the secondary air preheater is greatly reduced, the flue gas heat loss of the boiler is reduced, the boiler efficiency is improved, the low-temperature corrosion condition of an air preheater pipe caused by the excessively low exhaust temperature can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the air preheater is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic structure of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-wind chamber, 2-furnace, 3-gas-solid separator, 4-material returning device, 5-tail flue, 6-secondary air pre-heater, 7-primary air pre-heater, 8-adjustable inlet wind box, 9-adjustable outlet wind box, 10-outlet flue baffle, 11-outlet wind temperature measuring point, 12-exhaust gas temperature measuring point, 13-primary air inlet wind box, and 14-secondary air inlet box, 15-primary air outlet box, 16-secondary air outlet box, 17-inlet box partition plate, 18-outlet box partition plate, 19-primary air inlet main pipe, 20-secondary air inlet main pipe, 21-primary air outlet main pipe, 22-secondary air outlet main pipe, 23-primary air inlet fixed part 24-secondary air inlet fixing parts, 25-air inlet adjustable parts, 26-primary air outlet fixing parts, 27-secondary air outlet fixing parts, 28-air outlet adjustable parts, 29-primary air fixing heating surfaces, 30-secondary air fixing heating surfaces, 31-variable heating surfaces, 32-primary air inlet main branch pipes, 33-primary air inlet secondary branch pipes, 34-secondary air inlet main branch pipes, 35-secondary air inlet secondary branch pipes, 36-primary air outlet main branch pipes, 37-secondary air outlet main branch pipes, 38-primary air outlet secondary branch pipes, 39-secondary air outlet secondary branch pipes, 40-air quantity adjusting baffle plates and 41-flow measuring units.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The invention aims to solve the problems that the heat exchange area of an air preheater is unchanged when the proportion of secondary air changes in the running load change process of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, so that the temperature of the secondary air and hot air generate larger deviation, and the corresponding exhaust gas temperature also generates larger deviation. The combustion heat efficiency of the boiler is reduced due to the reduction of the temperature of hot air, the heat loss of the exhausted smoke of the boiler is increased due to the increase of the temperature of exhausted smoke, the efficiency of the boiler is further reduced, and the conditions of fly ash hardening, flue blockage and the like of the air preheater are caused on one side with lower exhaust temperature, so that the low-temperature corrosion of the air preheater is aggravated, and the service life of the air preheater is greatly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-efficiency air supply system capable of adjusting the heat exchange surface level of the air preheater and a circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof.
The efficient air supply system of the present invention will be described.
Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 illustrates a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and2, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the high efficiency air supply system includes an adjustable inlet wind box 8, an adjustable outlet wind box 9 and an air preheater, and primary air and secondary air inputted from the adjustable inlet wind box 8 are fed into the air preheater and are output to the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the adjustable outlet wind box 9 after exchanging heat with high temperature flue gas flowing through the outside of the air preheater tube. The invention mainly realizes the adjustment of the heating surface area for preheating primary air and the heating surface area for preheating secondary air in the air preheater through the structural improvement and the operation mode optimization of the adjustable inlet air box 8 and the adjustable outlet air box 9, thereby solving the technical problems in all the aspects.
Specifically, the adjustable inlet bellows 8 of the invention comprises a primary air inlet bellows 13 and a secondary air inlet bellows 14, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet bellows 13 and the secondary air inlet bellows 14 is adjustable. The adjustable outlet air box 9 comprises a primary air outlet air box 15 and a secondary air outlet air box 16, and the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box 15 to the secondary air outlet air box 16 is adjustable.
The air preheater is arranged in the tail flue 5 and comprises a primary air preheater 7 and a secondary air preheater 6, air outlets of a primary air inlet box 13 and a secondary air inlet box 14 are respectively connected with air side inlets of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 8, and air side outlets of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 8 are respectively connected with air inlets of a primary air outlet box 15 and a secondary air outlet box 16, so that the effect that the primary air preheater 6 heats primary air and the secondary air preheater heats secondary air is realized.
The area ratio of the heating surfaces of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 9 is adjusted along with the adjustment of the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet box.
Because the ratio of the primary air inlet volume to the secondary air inlet volume in the adjustable inlet bellows 8 can be specifically adjusted, the adjustable inlet bellows 8 and the adjustable outlet bellows 9 provided by the invention can specifically adjust the air outlet area corresponding to the primary air inlet bellows 13 and the secondary air inlet bellows 14 and the air inlet area corresponding to the primary air outlet bellows 15 and the secondary air outlet bellows 16 respectively based on the ratio of the primary air inlet volume to the secondary air inlet volume, thereby automatically realizing the adjustment of the heating surface areas of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 9, which are directly opposite to the primary air inlet bellows 13 and the secondary air inlet bellows 14 and the primary air outlet bellows 15 and the secondary air outlet bellows 16, so as to reduce the exhaust gas temperature, reduce the deviation of the temperature of the primary air and the secondary air, and finally achieve the purposes of preventing the low-temperature corrosion of an air preheater tube, prolonging the service life of the air preheater, reducing the exhaust gas heat loss and improving the combustion efficiency.
According to the invention, the air inlets of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 in the adjustable inlet box 8 are respectively connected with a primary air fan (not shown) and a secondary air fan (not shown). In order to avoid air cross, the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box 15 and the secondary air outlet air box 16 in the adjustable outlet air box 9 is consistent with the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet air box 13 and the secondary air inlet air box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet air box 13 and the secondary air inlet air box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 is adjusted according to the air volume ratio of the primary air and the secondary air in the adjustable inlet air box 8. That is, the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet air box 13 and the secondary air inlet air box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 is firstly adjusted based on the determined air volume ratio of the primary air and the secondary air in the adjustable inlet air box 8, and meanwhile, the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet air box 13 and the secondary air inlet air box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 is correspondingly adjusted according to the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box 15 and the secondary air outlet air box 16 in the adjustable outlet air box 9, so that the integral adjustment of the heating surface area ratio of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 9 is realized.
The sum of the heating surface area of the primary air-air preheater 7 and the heating surface area of the secondary air-air preheater 6 is the total heat exchange surface area of the air preheater, and the flue gas side outlets of the primary air-air preheater 7 and the secondary air-air preheater 6 in the air preheater are respectively provided with an outlet flue baffle 10 and a flue gas temperature measuring point 12, so that the purposes of adjusting the flue gas quantity of the primary air side and the secondary air side of the air preheater and adjusting the heat absorption proportion of the secondary air are achieved.
Two preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an inlet bellows spacer 17 is provided in the adjustable inlet bellows 8 to separate the primary air inlet bellows 13 from the secondary air inlet bellows 14, and the inlet bellows spacer 17 is slidable and is in flexible sealing with the housing of the adjustable inlet bellows 8. Wherein, the adjustment of the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 is realized by the sliding of the inlet air box baffle plate 8. Similarly, an outlet bellows spacer 18 is provided in the adjustable outlet bellows 9 to separate the primary air outlet bellows 15 from the secondary air outlet bellows 16, the outlet bellows spacer 18 being slidable and being in flexible sealing engagement with the housing of the adjustable outlet bellows 9. Wherein, the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box 15 and the secondary air outlet air box 15 is realized by the sliding of the outlet air box partition plate 18.
Wherein, the air inlets of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 are respectively connected with a primary air fan (not shown) and a secondary air fan (not shown) through a primary air inlet main pipe 19 and a secondary air inlet main pipe 20, an air quantity adjusting baffle 40 and a flow measuring unit 41 are respectively arranged on the primary air inlet main pipe 19 and the secondary air inlet main pipe 20 for air quantity adjustment and measurement, the air outlet of the primary air outlet box 15 is connected with the air chamber 1 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe 21, the air outlet of the secondary air outlet box 16 is connected with the hearth 2 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe 22, and outlet air temperature measuring points 11 are respectively arranged on the primary air outlet main pipe 21 and the secondary air outlet main pipe 22.
Through the structure, the heating surface area ratio of the primary air-air preheater and the secondary air-air preheater can be adjusted to be suitable for the boiler operation according to the difference of the air volume ratio of the primary air and the secondary air in the operation process. In the running process, the positions of the inlet bellows baffle 17 and the outlet bellows baffle 29 can be fed back and adjusted according to the secondary air side exhaust gas temperature difference and the secondary hot air temperature difference, and in theory, the scheme can realize stepless adjustment between 0% and 100% of the primary air rate.
As shown in fig. 2, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable inlet wind box 8 is provided with a primary wind inlet fixed part 23 and a secondary wind inlet fixed part 24 at two sides and an inlet adjustable part 25 in the middle, the primary wind inlet fixed part 23 and all or part of the inlet adjustable part 24 form a primary wind inlet wind box 13, the secondary wind inlet fixed part 24 and all or part of the inlet adjustable part 25 form a secondary wind inlet wind box 14, and the adjustment of the outlet area ratio of the primary wind inlet wind box 13 and the secondary wind inlet wind box 14 in the adjustable inlet wind box 8 is realized by integrating all or part of the inlet adjustable part 25 into the primary wind inlet wind box 13 or the secondary wind inlet wind box 14.
Similarly, the adjustable outlet wind box 9 is provided with a primary wind outlet fixed part 26 and a secondary wind outlet fixed part 27 which are positioned at two sides and an outlet wind adjustable part 28 which is positioned in the middle, the primary wind outlet fixed part 26 and all or part of the outlet wind adjustable part 28 form a primary wind outlet wind box 13, the secondary wind outlet fixed part 27 and all or part of the outlet wind adjustable part 28 form a secondary wind outlet wind box 16, and the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary wind outlet wind box 13 and the secondary wind outlet wind box 16 in the adjustable outlet wind box 9 is realized by integrating all or part of the outlet wind adjustable part 28 into the primary wind outlet wind box 13 or the secondary wind outlet wind box 16.
Correspondingly, the air preheater actually also has a primary air fixed heating surface 29 and a secondary air fixed heating surface 30 which are positioned on two sides and a variable heating surface 31 which is positioned in the middle, wherein the primary air fixed heating surface 29 and all or part of the variable heating surfaces 31 form the primary air preheater 7 together, and the secondary air fixed heating surface 30 and all or part of the variable heating surfaces 31 form the secondary air preheater 6 together.
The structure adopts a mode of combining fixed heating surfaces and variable heating surfaces to realize the adjustment of the area ratio of the heating surfaces of secondary air. The primary air fixed heating surface 29 and the secondary air fixed heating surface 30 in the air preheater are preferably set to the heating surface areas corresponding to the lowest air volume ratio of the secondary air design operation condition respectively, and meanwhile, the variable heating surface in the air preheater is set to the preheater heating surface which is flexibly adjusted to be used when the secondary air volume ratio of the variable load operation condition is changed. For example, the fixed heating surface area formed by the primary air fixed heating surface 29 or the secondary air fixed heating surface 30 is set to 10 to 50% of the total heat exchange area of the air preheater, and the variable heating surface area is set to 0 to 80% of the total heat exchange area of the air preheater.
Wherein, the air inlets of the primary air inlet fixed part 23 and the secondary air inlet fixed part 24 in the adjustable inlet bellows 8 are respectively connected with the primary air inlet main branch pipe 32 and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe 34, the air inlet adjustable part 25 is divided into n air inlet subareas, and the air inlet of each air inlet subarea is respectively and simultaneously connected with the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe 33 and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe 35. Similarly, the outlets of the primary air outlet fixing part 26 and the secondary air outlet fixing part 27 in the adjustable outlet bellows 9 are respectively connected with a primary air outlet main branch pipe 36 and a secondary air outlet main branch pipe 37, the air outlet adjustable part 28 is divided into n air outlet subareas, and the outlet of each air outlet subarea is respectively and simultaneously connected with a primary air outlet secondary branch pipe 38 and a secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe 39, wherein n is more than or equal to 1.
The adjustment of the outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box 13 to the secondary air inlet box 14 in the adjustable inlet box 8 is achieved by selectively switching on the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe 33 or the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe 35 of each inlet partition to integrate each inlet partition with the primary air inlet fixing portion 23 or the secondary air inlet fixing portion 24 into the primary air inlet box 13 or the secondary air inlet box 14 respectively. Similarly, the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box 15 to the secondary air outlet box 16 in the adjustable outlet box 9 is achieved by connecting the primary air outlet secondary branch pipe 38 or the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe 39 of each air outlet partition to merge each air inlet partition with the primary air outlet fixing portion 26 or the secondary air outlet fixing portion 27 into the primary air outlet box 15 or the secondary air outlet box 16, respectively.
According to the invention, the primary air inlet main branch pipe 32 of the primary air inlet fixing part 23 in the adjustable inlet bellows 8 is arranged in parallel with the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe 33 of each air inlet partition to form a primary air inlet pipe group and is connected with a primary air blower through the primary air inlet main pipe 19, and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe 34 of the secondary air inlet fixing part 24 in the adjustable inlet bellows 9 is arranged in parallel with the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe 35 of each air inlet partition to form a secondary air inlet pipe group and is connected with a secondary air blower through the secondary air inlet main pipe 20. Similarly, the primary air outlet main branch pipe 36 of the primary air outlet fixing portion 26 in the adjustable outlet bellows 9 is arranged in parallel with the primary air outlet secondary branch pipe 38 of each air outlet partition to form a primary air outlet pipe group and is connected with the plenum 1 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the primary air outlet main pipe 21, and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe 37 of the secondary air outlet fixing portion 27 in the adjustable outlet bellows 9 is arranged in parallel with the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe 39 of each air outlet partition to form a secondary air outlet pipe group and is connected with the furnace 2 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the secondary air outlet main pipe 22.
Wherein, the primary air inlet main branch pipe 32, the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe 33, the secondary air inlet main branch pipe 34 and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe 35 are respectively provided with an air quantity adjusting baffle 40 and a flow measuring unit 41 for air quantity adjustment and measurement, and the primary air outlet main branch pipe 36, the primary air outlet secondary branch pipe 38, the secondary air outlet main branch pipe 37 and the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe 39 are respectively provided with an air quantity adjusting baffle 40, thereby realizing the switching of the trend of the primary air and the secondary air in each partition in the variable heating surface switching process. In addition, an outlet air temperature measuring point is arranged on the primary air outlet main pipe 19 and the secondary air outlet main pipe 20 respectively to detect the air temperature.
Through the structure, in the actual operation process, when the secondary air volume ratio is changed, the switching of each partition and the switching of the use of the variable heating surface in the air preheater corresponding to each partition as the primary air preheater or the secondary air preheater are realized through the switching of the air volume adjusting baffle 40 on the secondary air inlet and outlet pipeline corresponding to each partition of the adjustable inlet air box 8 and the adjustable outlet air box 9, so that the corresponding beneficial effects are realized. The air inlet adjustable part 25 and the air outlet adjustable part 28 in the adjustable inlet bellows 8 and the adjustable outlet bellows 9 and the variable heating surfaces of the air preheater can be finely partitioned according to actual needs (the partitioning is illustrated by 4 partitions in the figure), so that gear adjustment of the area ratio of the primary air heating surface to the secondary air heating surface in the air preheater is between 10:90 and 90:10 is achieved.
And the outlet flue baffle 10 is designed on the outlet flue gas side of the air preheater in the same way, and the flue gas quantity passing through the primary air-air preheater and the secondary air-air preheater is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the outlet flue baffle corresponding to the secondary air side, so that the heat absorption capacity of the primary air-air preheater and the secondary air-air preheater is changed, the hot air temperature of the secondary air and the smoke exhaust temperature corresponding to the flue gas side are adjusted, and finally the purposes of preventing the low-temperature corrosion of the air preheater tube, prolonging the service life of the air preheater, reducing the smoke exhaust heat loss and improving the combustion efficiency of the boiler are achieved.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler with an efficient air supply system, comprising the efficient air supply system as described above, which provides hot primary air and hot secondary air to a plenum 1 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and hot secondary air to a furnace 2 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. Of course, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the circulating fluidized bed boiler may further include a gas-solid separator 3 and a return 4 connected to the furnace, to which the present invention is not limited.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
Example 1:
The invention is implemented according to the scheme shown in fig. 1, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler is a full-load high-performance circulating fluidized bed boiler which comprises an air chamber, a hearth, a gas-solid separator, a material returning device, a tail flue, a primary air-air preheater, a secondary air-air preheater, an adjustable inlet air box, an adjustable outlet air box, a related pipeline assembly and a control assembly.
Wherein, adjustable import bellows and adjustable outlet bellows are inside all to be designed to have import bellows baffle and export bellows baffle and carry out subregion with a overgrate air, design export wind temperature measurement point on the hot preheated air side outlet pipeline of air, a overgrate air preheater corresponding region design export flue baffle and exhaust gas temperature measurement point in the air preheater flue gas side export, primary air inlet main pipe and overgrate air inlet main pipe link to each other with the primary air inlet bellows and the overgrate air inlet bellows of adjustable import bellows respectively, have set up air volume regulation baffle and flow measurement unit and have been used for amount of wind adjustment and measurement on it.
In the load increasing process of the boiler, the secondary air proportion is gradually increased, the primary air proportion is gradually reduced, at the moment, the positions of the inlet air box partition plate and the outlet air box partition plate can be adjusted from the secondary air side to the primary air side according to the change of the air quantity proportion so as to adjust the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet air box to the secondary air inlet air box and the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box to the secondary air outlet air box, the heat exchange surface area of the secondary air preheater is further increased, meanwhile, the outlet air temperature measuring point of the air preheater is monitored, when the hot air temperature deviation at two sides exceeds a set value (5 ℃), the position of the inlet air box partition plate is adjusted in a feedback mode, the position of the outlet air box partition plate is adjusted from one side with low hot air temperature to the other side, and synchronous operation adjustment is required to be set, and the phenomenon of air cross is avoided. The change condition of the smoke exhaust temperature measuring point is monitored in the adjustment process, and the deviation of the temperature of the hot air of the secondary air and the deviation of the smoke exhaust temperature are further reduced by adjusting the opening degree of the baffle plate of the outlet flue. Through automatic adjustment, the temperature of primary air and secondary air and the temperature of exhaust smoke reach the designed ideal values in the load lifting process of the boiler, and larger deviation is avoided.
In the load reduction process of the boiler, the secondary air proportion is gradually reduced, the primary air proportion is gradually increased, the positions of the inlet air box partition plate and the outlet air box partition plate can be adjusted from the primary air side to the secondary air side according to the change of the air quantity proportion, the heat exchange area of the primary air-air preheater is increased, meanwhile, the outlet air temperature measuring point is monitored, when the hot air temperature deviation of two sides exceeds a set value (5 ℃), the position of the inlet air box partition plate is adjusted in a feedback mode, the position of the outlet air box partition plate is adjusted from one side with low hot air temperature to one side with high temperature, and synchronous operation adjustment is required to be set for the position of the outlet air box partition plate, so that the phenomenon of air cross is avoided. The change condition of the smoke exhaust temperature measuring point is monitored in the adjustment process, and the deviation of the temperature of the hot air of the primary air and the deviation of the smoke exhaust temperature are further reduced through the adjustment of the opening degree of the baffle plate of the outlet flue. Through automatic adjustment, the temperature of primary air and secondary air and the temperature of exhaust smoke reach the designed ideal values in the load lifting process of the boiler, and larger deviation is avoided.
Example 2:
the invention is implemented according to the scheme shown in fig. 2, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler is a full-load high-performance circulating fluidized bed boiler which comprises an air chamber, a hearth, a gas-solid separator, a material returning device, a tail flue, an air preheater, an adjustable inlet bellows, an adjustable outlet bellows, a related pipeline assembly and a control assembly, wherein the air preheater comprises a primary air fixed heating surface and a secondary air fixed heating surface which are positioned at two sides and a variable heating surface which is positioned in the middle, the adjustable inlet bellows comprises a primary air inlet fixed part and a secondary air inlet fixed part which are positioned at two sides and an inlet adjustable part which is positioned in the middle, and the adjustable outlet bellows comprises a primary air outlet fixed part and a secondary air outlet fixed part which are positioned at two sides and an outlet adjustable part which is positioned in the middle.
The primary air fixed heating surface and the secondary air fixed heating surface in the air preheater are the preheater heating surfaces corresponding to the lowest air volume ratio of each operation working condition designed by secondary air, and the variable heating surfaces are the preheater heating surfaces which are flexibly adjusted and used when the air volume ratio of the secondary air is changed in the variable load operation working condition of the boiler. In FIG. 2, the air inlet adjustable part and the air outlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet bellows and the adjustable outlet bellows are divided into 4 areas, the actual process can adjust the subareas according to the requirement, and the subarea number n is equal to or greater than 1. An outlet air temperature measuring point is designed on a pipeline of an air side outlet of the air preheater, an outlet flue baffle and a smoke exhaust temperature measuring point are designed in a corresponding area of a secondary air preheater of a smoke side outlet of the air preheater, a primary air inlet pipe group and a secondary air inlet pipe group are connected with a fixed part and a variable part in an adjustable inlet bellows, and an air quantity adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit are arranged on the primary air inlet pipe group and the secondary air inlet pipe group and used for air quantity adjustment and measurement. The primary air outlet pipe group and the secondary air outlet pipe group are connected with a fixed part and a variable part in the adjustable outlet bellows, and an air quantity adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit are arranged on the primary air outlet pipe group and the secondary air outlet pipe group and are used for switching and measuring the trend of primary air and secondary air in the switching process of the variable heating surface.
In the load increasing process of the boiler, the secondary air proportion is gradually increased and the primary air proportion is gradually reduced, at the moment, part or all of the heating surface cooling working medium of the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet bellows is changed from primary air to secondary air according to the change of the air quantity proportion, so that the heat exchange area of the secondary air preheater is increased, meanwhile, the temperature measuring point of outlet air is monitored, when the temperature deviation of hot air at two sides exceeds a set value (10 ℃), feedback guides the proportion of secondary air of the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet bellows, the primary air inlet pipe group and the secondary air inlet pipe group which are connected with the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet bellows and the primary air outlet pipe group and the secondary air outlet pipe group which are connected with the air outlet adjustable part in the adjustable outlet bellows are synchronously operated, and the same opening/closing logic is set for a secondary air inlet pipe and outlet pipe which corresponds to the same heat exchange area, so that the phenomenon of air flowing is avoided. The change condition of the smoke exhaust temperature measuring point is monitored in the adjustment process, and the deviation of the temperature of the hot air of the primary air and the deviation of the smoke exhaust temperature are further reduced through the adjustment of the opening degree of the baffle plate of the outlet flue. Through automatic adjustment, the temperature of primary air and secondary air and the temperature of exhaust smoke reach the designed ideal values in the load lifting process of the boiler, and larger deviation is avoided.
In the load reducing process of the boiler, the secondary air proportion is gradually reduced and the primary air proportion is gradually increased, at the moment, part or all of the heating surface cooling working medium of the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet bellows is changed into primary air from secondary air according to the change of the air quantity proportion, so that the heat exchange area of the primary air-air preheater is increased, meanwhile, the temperature measuring point of outlet air is monitored, when the temperature deviation of hot air at two sides exceeds a set value (10 ℃), feedback guides the proportion of secondary air of the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet bellows, and the primary air inlet pipe group and the secondary air inlet pipe group which are connected with the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet bellows and the primary air outlet pipe group and the secondary air outlet pipe group which are connected with the air outlet adjustable part in the adjustable outlet bellows are synchronously operated, and the same opening/closing logic is set for a secondary air inlet pipe and a secondary air outlet pipe which corresponds to the same heat exchange area, so that the phenomenon of air flowing is avoided. The change condition of the smoke exhaust temperature measuring point is monitored in the adjustment process, and the deviation of the temperature of the hot air of the primary air and the deviation of the smoke exhaust temperature are further reduced through the adjustment of the opening degree of the baffle plate of the outlet flue. Through automatic adjustment, the temperature of primary air and secondary air and the temperature of exhaust smoke reach the designed ideal values in the load lifting process of the boiler, and larger deviation is avoided.
In summary, the invention can reduce the deviation of the exhaust temperature of the boiler when the ratio of the primary air to the secondary air changes during different load operation, and the deviation of the exhaust temperature of the primary air side of the air preheater can be reduced from 90 ℃ to within 5.0 ℃; the deviation of the hot air temperature of the primary air and the secondary air at the outlet of the air preheater can be reduced from 80 ℃ to within 5.0 ℃ when the primary air and the secondary air proportion change during the operation of different loads of the boiler; the heat loss of the discharged smoke of the boiler can be reduced, the efficiency of the boiler is improved, the low-temperature corrosion of the air preheater is reduced, the service life of the air preheater is prolonged, the conditions of surface condensation, fly ash hardening, flue blockage and the like of the air preheater caused by the too low temperature of the discharged smoke are effectively prevented, and the efficiency of the boiler can be improved by 0.5-1.5% under different loads; in addition, the air quantity ratio is coordinated with the area ratio of the heating surface of the air preheater, so that the air side resistance of the secondary air is reduced, and the power consumption of the fan is reduced.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. An efficient air supply system, comprising:
the adjustable inlet air box comprises a primary air inlet air box and a secondary air inlet air box, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box is adjustable;
The adjustable outlet air box comprises a primary air outlet air box and a secondary air outlet air box, and the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is adjustable;
The air preheater is arranged in the tail flue and comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box are respectively connected with air side inlets of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater, and air side outlets of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater are respectively connected with air inlets of the primary air outlet box and the secondary air outlet box;
The heating surface area ratio of the primary air preheater to the secondary air preheater is adjusted along with the adjustment of the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box to the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet box.
2. The efficient air supply system according to claim 1, wherein the air inlets of the primary air inlet bellows and the secondary air inlet bellows in the adjustable inlet bellows are respectively connected with the primary air blower and the secondary air blower, and the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet bellows to the secondary air outlet bellows in the adjustable outlet bellows is set to be identical to the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet bellows to the secondary air inlet bellows in the adjustable inlet bellows, wherein the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet bellows to the secondary air inlet bellows in the adjustable inlet bellows is adjusted according to the air volume ratio of the primary air to the secondary air in the adjustable inlet bellows.
3. The efficient air supply system according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the heating surface area of the primary air-air preheater and the heating surface area of the secondary air-air preheater is the total heat exchange surface area of the air preheater, and the flue gas side outlets of the primary air-air preheater and the secondary air-air preheater in the air preheater are respectively provided with an outlet flue baffle and a flue gas temperature measuring point.
4. The efficient air supply system according to claim 1, wherein an inlet air box partition plate for separating the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box is arranged in the adjustable inlet air box, the inlet air box partition plate can slide and is in flexible sealing with a box body of the adjustable inlet air box, and the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet air box and the secondary air inlet air box is adjusted through the sliding of the inlet air box partition plate;
The adjustable outlet air box is characterized in that an outlet air box partition plate for separating the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is arranged in the adjustable outlet air box, the outlet air box partition plate is slidable and is in flexible seal with the box body of the adjustable outlet air box, and the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is adjusted through the sliding of the outlet air box partition plate.
5. The efficient air supply system according to claim 4, wherein the air inlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box are respectively connected with a primary air blower and a secondary air blower through a primary air inlet main pipe and a secondary air inlet main pipe, and an air quantity adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit are respectively arranged on the primary air inlet main pipe and the secondary air inlet main pipe; the air outlet of the primary air outlet box is connected with the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe, the air outlet of the secondary air outlet box is connected with the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe, and outlet air temperature measuring points are respectively arranged on the primary air outlet main pipe and the secondary air outlet main pipe.
6. The efficient air supply system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable inlet bellows is provided with a primary air inlet fixed part and a secondary air inlet fixed part which are positioned at two sides and an air inlet adjustable part which is positioned in the middle, the primary air inlet fixed part and all or part of the air inlet adjustable part form a primary air inlet bellows together, the secondary air inlet fixed part and all or part of the air inlet adjustable part form a secondary air inlet bellows together, and the adjustment of the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet bellows and the secondary air inlet bellows in the adjustable inlet bellows is realized by integrating all or part of the air inlet adjustable part into the primary air inlet bellows or the secondary air inlet bellows;
The adjustable outlet air box is internally provided with a primary air outlet fixed part, a secondary air outlet fixed part and an air outlet adjustable part, wherein the primary air outlet fixed part and the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part are arranged on two sides of the adjustable outlet air box, the primary air outlet fixed part and the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part form a primary air outlet air box, the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part and the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part form a secondary air outlet air box, and the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box in the adjustable outlet air box is realized by merging the whole or part of the air outlet adjustable part into the primary air outlet air box or the secondary air outlet air box;
The air preheater is provided with a primary air fixed heating surface, a secondary air fixed heating surface and a variable heating surface, wherein the primary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surfaces are arranged on two sides of the air preheater, the primary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surfaces form a primary air preheater, and the secondary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surfaces form a secondary air preheater;
The area of the fixed heating surface formed by the primary air fixed heating surface or the secondary air fixed heating surface accounts for 10-50% of the total heat exchange area of the air preheater, and the area of the variable heating surface accounts for 0-80% of the total heat exchange area of the air preheater.
7. The efficient air supply system according to claim 6, wherein the air inlets of the primary air inlet fixed part and the secondary air inlet fixed part in the adjustable inlet bellows are respectively connected with the primary air inlet main branch pipe and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe, the air inlet adjustable part is divided into n air inlet subareas, and the air inlet of each air inlet subarea is respectively connected with the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe at the same time; the air outlets of the primary air outlet fixed part and the secondary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet bellows are respectively connected with a primary air outlet main branch pipe and a secondary air outlet main branch pipe, the air outlet adjustable part is divided into n air outlet subareas, and the air outlet of each air outlet subarea is respectively and simultaneously connected with a primary air outlet secondary branch pipe and a secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe, wherein n is more than or equal to 1;
The primary air inlet secondary branch pipe or the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe of each air inlet subarea is connected to respectively integrate each air inlet subarea with a primary air inlet fixed part or a secondary air inlet fixed part into a primary air inlet box or a secondary air inlet box, so that the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet box is adjusted;
The primary air outlet secondary branch pipe or the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe of each air outlet partition is connected to integrate each air inlet partition with the primary air outlet fixed part or the secondary air outlet fixed part into the primary air outlet box or the secondary air outlet box respectively, so that the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box and the secondary air outlet box in the adjustable outlet box is adjusted.
8. The efficient air supply system according to claim 7, wherein a primary air inlet main branch pipe of the primary air inlet fixing part in the adjustable inlet bellows and a primary air inlet secondary branch pipe of each air inlet partition are arranged in parallel to form a primary air inlet pipe group and are connected with the primary air blower through a primary air inlet main pipe, and a secondary air inlet main branch pipe of the secondary air inlet fixing part in the adjustable inlet bellows and a secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe of each air inlet partition are arranged in parallel to form a secondary air inlet pipe group and are connected with the secondary air blower through a secondary air inlet main pipe;
The primary air outlet main branch pipe of the primary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet bellows is connected with the primary air outlet secondary branch pipes of all air outlet subareas in parallel to form a primary air outlet pipe group and is connected with the air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe, and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe of the secondary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet bellows is connected with the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipes of all air outlet subareas in parallel to form a secondary air outlet pipe group and is connected with the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe.
9. The efficient air supply system according to claim 8, wherein the primary air inlet main branch pipe and the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe are respectively provided with an air quantity adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit, the primary air outlet main branch pipe and the primary air outlet secondary branch pipe and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe and the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe are respectively provided with an air quantity adjusting baffle, and the primary air outlet main pipe and the secondary air outlet main pipe are respectively provided with outlet air temperature measuring points.
10. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with an efficient air supply system, characterized in that it comprises an efficient air supply system according to any of claims 1-9, which provides hot primary air to the plenum of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and hot secondary air to the furnace of the circulating fluidized bed boiler.
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