CN111396865A - High-efficient air feed system and circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof - Google Patents
High-efficient air feed system and circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111396865A CN111396865A CN202010299041.0A CN202010299041A CN111396865A CN 111396865 A CN111396865 A CN 111396865A CN 202010299041 A CN202010299041 A CN 202010299041A CN 111396865 A CN111396865 A CN 111396865A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency air supply system, which comprises: the adjustable inlet bellows comprises a primary air inlet bellows and a secondary air inlet bellows, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet bellows and the secondary air inlet bellows is adjustable; the adjustable outlet air box comprises a primary air outlet air box and a secondary air outlet air box, and the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is adjustable; and the air preheater is arranged in the tail flue and comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, and the area ratio of the heating surfaces of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater is adjusted along with the adjustment of the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box. The boiler comprises the efficient air supply system. The invention adjusts the proportion of the heating surface of the primary and secondary air pre-heaters to be suitable according to the different air quantity ratios of the primary and secondary air during the operation of the boiler in the actual operation process, reduces the deviation of the temperature of the primary and secondary air hot air at the outlet of the air pre-heater, reduces the heat loss of the boiler exhaust smoke and improves the boiler efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boiler equipment, in particular to a high-efficiency air supply system and a circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof.
Background
At present, a considerable part of circulating fluidized bed boilers at 300MW level and below 300MW capacity adopt tubular air preheaters, wherein a secondary air preheater is arranged in a front flue, and a primary air preheater is arranged in a rear flue.
In the design process of a boiler, the design proportion of the heating surface of an air preheater is usually in a steady state design, for example, in a certain 350MW supercritical CFB boiler project, if the proportion of primary air volume (including coal-spreading air) and secondary air volume is designed to be 6:4, the area proportion of the heating surface is about 6:4, and in the process of different load changes in the actual operation of the boiler, the proportion of primary air volume and secondary air volume can be greatly changed, for example, in the low-load operation of the boiler, in order to ensure that bed materials are sufficiently fluidized to avoid coking, the proportion of primary air volume is usually higher, the proportion of primary air volume and secondary air volume is 7:3 in the low-load operation, and the proportion of primary air volume and secondary air volume can be larger. The deviation of the primary air quantity ratio and the secondary air quantity ratio causes large deviation of the primary air temperature and the secondary air temperature, when the primary air quantity ratio is large, the primary hot air temperature at the outlet of the air preheater is about 80.0 ℃ lower than the secondary hot air temperature (the primary air temperature is 175 ℃ and the secondary air temperature is 255 ℃), meanwhile, the exhaust gas temperatures at two sides also have deviation about 90 ℃ (the exhaust gas temperature at the primary air side is low and the exhaust gas temperature at the secondary air side is high), the combustion efficiency of the boiler is reduced due to the low primary air temperature, the exhaust gas heat loss of the boiler is increased due to the increase of the exhaust gas temperature, and therefore, the thermal efficiency of the boiler is reduced.
When the boiler is operated under high load, in order to control the emission of NOx and realize staged combustion, the proportion of secondary air is usually larger, the proportion of primary air quantity (including coal-spreading air) and secondary air quantity is 5:5, and the temperature deviation of the primary air and the secondary air and the temperature deviation of exhaust gas are opposite to the above, namely the primary air temperature at the outlet of the air preheater is higher than the secondary air temperature, the exhaust gas temperature at the corresponding exhaust gas side is also higher, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is reduced. In addition, the situation that fly ash is hardened and a flue is blocked is caused to the air preheater due to the excessively low smoke exhaust temperature, so that the low-temperature corrosion of the air preheater is aggravated, and the service life of the air preheater is greatly shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a high-efficiency air supply system with an adjustable heating surface proportion of a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater and a circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof, so that the problems that the temperature of primary air and secondary air generates large deviation and the corresponding exhaust gas temperature also generates large deviation are solved.
One aspect of the present invention provides an efficient air supply system, including:
the adjustable inlet bellows comprises a primary air inlet bellows and a secondary air inlet bellows, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet bellows and the secondary air inlet bellows is adjustable;
the adjustable outlet air box comprises a primary air outlet air box and a secondary air outlet air box, and the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is adjustable;
the air preheater is arranged in the tail flue and comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, air outlets of a primary air inlet box and a secondary air inlet box are respectively connected with air side inlets of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater, and air side outlets of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater are respectively connected with air inlets of a primary air outlet box and a secondary air outlet box;
the area ratio of the heating surfaces of the primary air pre-heater and the secondary air pre-heater is adjusted along with the adjustment of the area ratio of the air outlets of a primary air inlet box and a secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box.
According to an embodiment of the efficient air supply system, air inlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box are respectively connected with the primary air fan and the secondary air fan, the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet box and the secondary air outlet box in the adjustable outlet air box is consistent with the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box is adjusted according to the air volume ratio of the primary air to the secondary air in the adjustable inlet air box.
According to one embodiment of the efficient air supply system, the sum of the area of the heating surface of the primary air pre-heater and the area of the heating surface of the secondary air pre-heater is the total heat exchange surface area of the air pre-heater, and the smoke side outlets of the primary air pre-heater and the secondary air pre-heater in the air pre-heater are respectively provided with an outlet flue baffle and a smoke temperature measuring point.
According to an embodiment of the efficient air supply system, an inlet air box partition plate for separating the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box is arranged in the adjustable inlet air box, the inlet air box partition plate can slide and is flexibly sealed with a box body of the adjustable inlet air box, and the adjustment of the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box is realized through the sliding of the inlet air box partition plate;
the adjustable outlet air box is internally provided with an outlet air box baffle for separating the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box, the outlet air box baffle can slide and is flexibly sealed with the box body of the adjustable outlet air box, and the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is realized through the sliding of the outlet air box baffle.
According to one embodiment of the efficient air supply system, air inlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box are respectively connected with a primary air fan and a secondary air fan through a primary air inlet main pipe and a secondary air inlet main pipe, and the primary air inlet main pipe and the secondary air inlet main pipe are respectively provided with an air quantity adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit; the air outlet of the primary air outlet box is connected with an air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe, the air outlet of the secondary air outlet box is connected with a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe, and outlet air temperature measuring points are respectively arranged on the primary air outlet main pipe and the secondary air outlet main pipe.
According to an embodiment of the efficient air supply system, the adjustable inlet bellows is provided with a primary air inlet fixed part and a secondary air inlet fixed part which are positioned at two sides and an air inlet adjustable part which is positioned in the middle, the primary air inlet fixed part and all or part of the air inlet adjustable part form a primary air inlet box, the secondary air inlet fixed part and all or part of the air inlet adjustable part form a secondary air inlet box, and the adjustment of the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet bellows is realized by merging all or part of the air inlet adjustable part into the primary air inlet box or the secondary air inlet box;
the adjustable outlet air box is internally provided with a primary air outlet fixed part and a secondary air outlet fixed part which are positioned at two sides and an air outlet adjustable part which is positioned in the middle, the primary air outlet fixed part and all or part of the air outlet adjustable part form the primary air outlet air box, the secondary air outlet fixed part and all or part of the air outlet adjustable part form the secondary air outlet air box, and the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box in the adjustable outlet air box is realized by merging all or part of the air outlet adjustable part into the primary air outlet air box or the secondary air outlet air box;
the air preheater is provided with a primary air fixed heating surface and a secondary air fixed heating surface which are positioned at two sides and a variable heating surface which is positioned in the middle, the primary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surface form a primary air preheater, and the secondary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surface form a secondary air preheater;
the area of a fixed heating surface formed by the primary air fixed heating surface or the secondary air fixed heating surface accounts for 10-50% of the total heat exchange area of the gas preheater, and the area of a variable heating surface accounts for 0-80% of the total heat exchange area of the gas preheater.
According to one embodiment of the efficient air supply system, air inlets of a primary air inlet fixing part and a secondary air inlet fixing part in the adjustable inlet air box are respectively connected with a primary air inlet main branch pipe and a secondary air inlet main branch pipe, the air inlet adjustable part is divided into n air inlet subareas, and an air inlet of each air inlet subarea is respectively and simultaneously connected with a primary air inlet secondary branch pipe and a secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe; the air outlets of the primary air outlet fixed part and the secondary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet air box are respectively connected with the primary air outlet main branch pipe and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe, the air outlet adjustable part is divided into n air outlet subareas, the air outlet of each air outlet subarea is respectively connected with a primary air outlet secondary branch pipe and a secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe at the same time, and n is more than or equal to 1;
the adjustable air inlet box comprises an air inlet sub-branch pipe, an;
the air inlet sub-branch pipes of the air outlet sub-zones are communicated with the primary air outlet fixed part or the secondary air outlet fixed part to be respectively and integrally merged into the primary air outlet box or the secondary air outlet box, so that the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box and the secondary air outlet box in the adjustable outlet box is realized.
According to an embodiment of the efficient air supply system, a primary air inlet main branch pipe of a primary air inlet fixing part in the adjustable inlet air box and primary air inlet secondary branch pipes of all air inlet partitions are arranged in parallel to form a primary air inlet pipe group and are connected with a primary air fan through a primary air inlet main pipe, and a secondary air inlet main branch pipe of a secondary air inlet fixing part in the adjustable inlet air box and secondary air inlet secondary branch pipes of all air inlet partitions are arranged in parallel to form a secondary air inlet pipe group and are connected with a secondary air fan through a secondary air inlet main pipe;
the primary air outlet main branch pipe of the primary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet air box and the primary air outlet sub branch pipe of each air outlet partition are connected in parallel to form a primary air outlet pipe group and are connected with the air box of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe, and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe of the secondary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet air box and the secondary air outlet sub branch pipe of each air outlet partition are connected in parallel to form a secondary air outlet pipe group and are connected with a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe.
According to an embodiment of the efficient air supply system, air quantity adjusting baffles and flow measuring units are respectively arranged on the primary air inlet main branch pipe, the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe, the secondary air inlet main branch pipe and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe, air quantity adjusting baffles are respectively arranged on the primary air outlet main branch pipe, the primary air outlet secondary branch pipe, the secondary air outlet main branch pipe and the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe, and outlet air temperature measuring points are respectively arranged on the primary air outlet main pipe and the secondary air outlet main pipe.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high-efficiency air supply system, including the above high-efficiency air supply system, which supplies hot primary air to an air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and supplies hot secondary air to a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Compared with the conventional scheme, the invention provides the circulating fluidized bed boiler with the heating surface proportion of the primary and secondary air pre-heaters adjustable, the proportion of the heating surface of the primary and secondary air pre-heaters is adjusted to be adaptive to the proportion of the air quantity of the primary and secondary air during the actual operation of the boiler according to the difference of the air quantity proportion of the primary and secondary air during the operation of the boiler, the deviation of the temperature of the primary and secondary air hot air at the outlet of the air pre-heater is greatly reduced, the combustion efficiency is improved, the deviation of the exhaust gas temperature at the smoke side of the primary and secondary air pre-heaters is also greatly reduced, the exhaust gas heat loss of the boiler is reduced, the boiler efficiency is improved, the low-temperature corrosion condition of an air pre-heater pipe caused by the excessively low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-air chamber, 2-hearth, 3-gas-solid separator, 4-material returning device, 5-tail flue, 6-secondary air pre-heater, 7-primary air pre-heater, 8-adjustable inlet bellows, 9-adjustable outlet bellows, 10-outlet flue baffle, 11-outlet air temperature measuring point, 12-smoke exhaust temperature measuring point, 13-primary air inlet box, 14-secondary air inlet box, 15-primary air outlet bellows, 16-secondary air outlet bellows, 17-inlet bellows baffle, 18-outlet bellows baffle, 19-primary air inlet main pipe, 20-secondary air inlet main pipe, 21-primary air outlet main pipe, 22-secondary air outlet main pipe, 23-primary air inlet fixed part, 24-secondary air inlet fixed part, 25-air inlet adjustable part, 26-primary air outlet fixed part, 27-secondary air outlet fixed part, 28-air outlet adjustable part, 29-primary air fixed heating surface, 30-secondary air fixed heating surface, 31-variable heating surface, 32-primary air inlet main branch pipe, 33-primary air inlet secondary branch pipe, 34-secondary air inlet main branch pipe, 35-secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe, 36-primary air outlet main branch pipe, 37-secondary air outlet main branch pipe, 38-primary air outlet secondary branch pipe, 39-secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe, 40-air volume adjusting baffle plate and 41-flow measuring unit.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
The invention aims to solve the problems that the temperature of primary and secondary air is greatly deviated and the corresponding exhaust gas temperature is greatly deviated due to the fact that the heat exchange area of an air preheater is unchanged when the proportion of the primary and secondary air is changed in the process of changing the operation load of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Because the hot air temperature reduces can make boiler combustion thermal efficiency reduce, and exhaust gas temperature risees and makes boiler exhaust gas heat loss increase again, also makes boiler efficiency further reduce, and the lower one side of exhaust gas temperature still can make the air preheater take place situations such as fly ash hardens, flue blockage simultaneously, makes air preheater low temperature corrosion aggravation, greatly reduced air preheater life. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an efficient air supply system capable of adjusting the heat exchange surface level of the air preheater and a circulating fluidized bed boiler thereof.
The efficient air supply system of the present invention will be explained first.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the high efficiency air supply system includes an adjustable inlet wind box 8, an adjustable outlet wind box 9 and an air preheater, and the primary air and the secondary air input from the adjustable inlet wind box 8 are fed into the air preheater and are output to the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the adjustable outlet wind box 9 after exchanging heat with the high temperature flue gas flowing through the outside of the air preheater. The invention mainly realizes the adjustment of the heating surface area for preheating the primary air and the heating surface area for preheating the secondary air in the air preheater through the structural improvement and the operation mode optimization of the adjustable inlet air box 8 and the adjustable outlet air box 9, thereby solving the technical problems in all aspects.
Specifically, the adjustable inlet air box 8 comprises a primary air inlet box 13 and a secondary air inlet box 14, and the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box 13 to the secondary air inlet box 14 is adjustable. The adjustable outlet air box 9 comprises a primary air outlet air box 15 and a secondary air outlet air box 16, and the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box 15 and the secondary air outlet air box 16 is adjustable.
The air preheater is arranged in the tail flue 5 and comprises a primary air preheater 7 and a secondary air preheater 6, air outlets of a primary air inlet box 13 and a secondary air inlet box 14 are respectively connected with air side inlets of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 8, air side outlets of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 8 are respectively connected with air inlets of a primary air outlet box 15 and a secondary air outlet box 16, and therefore the effect of heating primary air by the primary air preheater 6 and the effect of heating secondary air by the secondary air preheater are achieved.
The area ratio of the heating surfaces of the primary air pre-heater 7 and the secondary air pre-heater 9 is adjusted along with the adjustment of the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box.
Because the proportion of the primary air intake and the secondary air intake entering the adjustable inlet air box 8 can be specifically adjusted, the adjustable inlet air box 8 and the adjustable outlet air box 9 provided by the invention can specifically adjust the air outlet area corresponding to the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 respectively and the air inlet area corresponding to the primary air outlet box 15 and the secondary air outlet box 16 based on the proportion of the primary air intake and the secondary air intake, and further can automatically adjust the heating surface areas of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 9 directly opposite to the primary air inlet box 13, the secondary air inlet box 14 and the primary air outlet box 15 and the secondary air outlet box 16, thereby reducing the smoke exhaust temperature, reducing the deviation of the primary air hot air temperature and the secondary air temperature, and finally achieving the purposes of preventing low-temperature corrosion of air preheater and prolonging the service life of air preheater, The heat loss of the exhaust smoke is reduced, and the combustion efficiency is improved.
According to the invention, the inlet openings of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 of the adjustable inlet bellows 8 are connected to a primary air blower (not shown) and a secondary air blower (not shown), respectively. In order to avoid air cross-over, the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box 15 and the secondary air outlet box 16 in the adjustable outlet air box 9 is consistent with the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8, and the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 is adjusted according to the air volume ratio of the primary air and the secondary air in the adjustable inlet air box 8. That is, the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 is adjusted based on the determined air volume ratio of the primary air to the secondary air in the adjustable inlet air box 8, and the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 needs to be correspondingly adjusted according to the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box 15 to the secondary air outlet box 16 in the adjustable outlet air box 9, so that the heating surface area ratio of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 9 is integrally adjusted.
The sum of the area of the heating surface of the primary air preheater 7 and the area of the heating surface of the secondary air preheater 6 is the total heat exchange surface area of the air preheater, and the smoke side outlets of the primary air preheater 7 and the secondary air preheater 6 in the air preheater are respectively provided with an outlet flue baffle plate 10 and a smoke temperature measuring point 12 for adjusting the smoke quantity of the primary air side and the secondary air side of the air preheater and achieving the purpose of adjusting the heat absorption proportion of the primary air and the secondary air.
Two preferred embodiments of the solution according to the invention are described below.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an inlet bellows baffle 17 is provided in the adjustable inlet bellows 8 to separate the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14, the inlet bellows baffle 17 being slidable and providing a flexible seal with the body of the adjustable inlet bellows 8. Wherein the adjustment of the outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 is realized by the sliding of the inlet bellows partition plate 8. Similarly, an outlet air box partition plate 18 for separating the primary air outlet box 15 and the secondary air outlet box 16 is arranged in the adjustable outlet air box 9, and the outlet air box partition plate 18 can slide and is flexibly sealed with the box body of the adjustable outlet air box 9. The adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box 15 and the secondary air outlet box 15 is realized by the sliding of the outlet air box partition plate 18.
The air inlets of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 are respectively connected with a primary air blower (not shown) and a secondary air blower (not shown) through a primary air inlet main pipe 19 and a secondary air inlet main pipe 20, the primary air inlet main pipe 19 and the secondary air inlet main pipe 20 are respectively provided with an air quantity adjusting baffle 40 and a flow measuring unit 41 for adjusting and measuring air quantity, the air outlet of the primary air outlet box 15 is connected with an air chamber 1 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe 21, the air outlet of the secondary air outlet box 16 is connected with a hearth 2 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe 22, and the primary air outlet main pipe 21 and the secondary air outlet main pipe 22 are respectively provided with an outlet air temperature measuring point 11.
Through the structure, the area ratio of the heating surfaces of the primary air pre-heater and the secondary air pre-heater can be adjusted to adapt to the difference of the air quantity ratio of the primary air and the secondary air during operation of the boiler according to the difference of the air quantity ratio of the primary air and the secondary air during operation of the boiler. In the operation process, the positions of the inlet air box partition plate 17 and the outlet air box partition plate 29 can be adjusted in a feedback mode according to the exhaust gas temperature difference of the primary air side and the secondary hot air temperature difference, and theoretically, the scheme can achieve stepless adjustment of the primary air rate of 0-100%.
As shown in fig. 2, according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable inlet bellows 8 is provided with a primary air inlet fixing portion 23 and a secondary air inlet fixing portion 24 at both sides and an air inlet adjustable portion 25 at the middle, the primary air inlet fixing portion 23 and all or part of the air inlet adjustable portion 24 form the primary air inlet bellows 13, the secondary air inlet fixing portion 24 and all or part of the air inlet adjustable portion 25 form the secondary air inlet bellows 14, and the adjustment of the outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet bellows 13 and the secondary air inlet bellows 14 in the adjustable inlet bellows 8 is realized by incorporating all or part of the air inlet adjustable portion 25 into the primary air inlet bellows 13 or the secondary air inlet bellows 14.
Similarly, the adjustable outlet wind box 9 is provided with a primary wind outlet fixed part 26 and a secondary wind outlet fixed part 27 which are positioned at two sides and a wind outlet adjustable part 28 which is positioned in the middle, the primary wind outlet fixed part 26 and all or part of the wind outlet adjustable part 28 form a primary wind outlet wind box 13, the secondary wind outlet fixed part 27 and all or part of the wind outlet adjustable part 28 form a secondary wind outlet wind box 16, and the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary wind outlet wind box 13 and the secondary wind outlet wind box 16 in the adjustable outlet wind box 9 is realized by merging all or part of the wind outlet adjustable part 28 into the primary wind outlet wind box 13 or the secondary wind outlet wind box 16.
Correspondingly, the air preheater actually has a primary air fixed heating surface 29 and a secondary air fixed heating surface 30 on both sides and a variable heating surface 31 in the middle, the primary air fixed heating surface 29 and all or part of the variable heating surface 31 together form the primary air preheater 7, and the secondary air fixed heating surface 30 and all or part of the variable heating surface 31 together form the secondary air preheater 6.
The structure realizes the adjustment of the area ratio of the primary air heating surface and the secondary air heating surface by adopting a mode of combining the fixation and the change of the heating surface. Preferably, the primary air fixed heating surface 29 and the secondary air fixed heating surface 30 in the air preheater are respectively set as the heating surface areas corresponding to the lowest air volume proportion of the primary air and the secondary air designed operation condition, and meanwhile, the variable heating surface in the air preheater is set as the preheater heating surface which is flexibly adjusted and used when the secondary air volume proportion of the variable load operation condition is changed. For example, the fixed heating surface area formed by the primary air fixed heating surface 29 or the secondary air fixed heating surface 30 accounts for 10-50% of the total heat exchange area of the air preheater, and the variable heating surface area accounts for 0-80% of the total heat exchange area of the air preheater.
Wherein, the air inlets of the primary air inlet fixed part 23 and the secondary air inlet fixed part 24 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 are respectively connected with the primary air inlet main branch pipe 32 and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe 34, the air inlet adjustable part 25 is divided into n air inlet subareas, and the air inlet of each air inlet subarea is respectively and simultaneously connected with the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe 33 and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe 35. Similarly, the outlets of the primary air outlet fixed part 26 and the secondary air outlet fixed part 27 in the adjustable outlet bellows 9 are respectively connected with the primary air outlet main branch pipe 36 and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe 37, the outlet adjustable part 28 is divided into n outlet subareas, the outlet of each outlet subarea is respectively and simultaneously connected with the primary air outlet secondary branch pipe 38 and the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe 39, and n is more than or equal to 1.
The adjustment of the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box 13 and the secondary air inlet box 14 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 is realized by selectively connecting the primary air inlet sub-branch pipe 33 or the secondary air inlet sub-branch pipe 35 of each air inlet partition to merge each air inlet partition with the primary air inlet fixing part 23 or the secondary air inlet fixing part 24 into the primary air inlet box 13 or the secondary air inlet box 14 respectively. Similarly, the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box 15 and the secondary air outlet box 16 in the adjustable outlet box 9 is realized by connecting the primary air outlet sub-branch pipe 38 or the secondary air outlet sub-branch pipe 39 of each air outlet partition to merge each air inlet partition with the primary air outlet fixed part 26 or the secondary air outlet fixed part 27 into the primary air outlet box 15 or the secondary air outlet box 16 respectively.
According to the invention, the primary air inlet main branch pipe 32 of the primary air inlet fixing part 23 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 and the primary air inlet sub branch pipe 33 of each air inlet partition are arranged in parallel to form a primary air inlet pipe group and are connected with the primary air fan through the primary air inlet main pipe 19, and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe 34 of the secondary air inlet fixing part 24 in the adjustable inlet air box 9 and the secondary air inlet sub branch pipe 35 of each air inlet partition are arranged in parallel to form a secondary air inlet pipe group and are connected with the secondary air fan through the secondary air inlet main pipe 20. Similarly, the primary air outlet main branch pipe 36 of the primary air outlet fixed part 26 in the adjustable outlet wind box 9 and the primary air outlet sub branch pipe 38 of each outlet partition are connected in parallel to form a primary air outlet pipe group and are connected with the wind box 1 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the primary air outlet main pipe 21, and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe 37 of the secondary air outlet fixed part 27 in the adjustable outlet wind box 9 and the secondary air outlet sub branch pipe 39 of each outlet partition are connected in parallel to form a secondary air outlet pipe group and are connected with the hearth 2 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through the secondary air outlet main pipe 22.
The primary air inlet main branch pipe 32, the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe 33, the secondary air inlet main branch pipe 34 and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe 35 are respectively provided with an air volume adjusting baffle 40 and a flow measuring unit 41 for adjusting and measuring air volume, and the primary air outlet main branch pipe 36, the primary air outlet secondary branch pipe 38, the secondary air outlet main branch pipe 37 and the secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe 39 are respectively provided with an air volume adjusting baffle 40, so that the trend of primary air and secondary air in each subarea can be switched in the variable heating surface switching process. In addition, outlet air temperature measuring points are respectively arranged on the primary air outlet main pipe 19 and the secondary air outlet main pipe 20 to detect the air temperature.
Through the structure, in the actual operation process, when the proportion of the primary air and the secondary air is changed, the switching of all the subareas and the switching of the use of a variable heating surface as a primary air pre-heater or a secondary air pre-heater in the air pre-heater corresponding to all the subareas are realized through the switching of the switches of the air quantity adjusting baffle 40 on the primary air inlet pipeline and the secondary air outlet pipeline corresponding to all the subareas of the adjustable inlet air box 8 and the adjustable outlet air box 9 in the adjustable inlet air adjustable part 25 and the adjustable outlet air part 28, so that the corresponding beneficial effects are realized. The adjustable air inlet part 25 and the adjustable air outlet part 28 in the adjustable inlet air box 8 and the adjustable outlet air box 9 and the variable heating surface of the air preheater can be finely divided according to actual needs (illustrated by 4 divisions in the figure), so that the gear adjustment of the area ratio of the primary air heating surface to the secondary air heating surface in the air preheater between 10:90 and 90:10 is achieved.
And, design the outlet flue damper 10 in the air preheater outlet flue gas side similarly, adjust the flue gas volume through air preheater of primary air and air preheater of secondary air by adjusting the aperture that the air preheater of primary air corresponds to the outlet flue damper, thus change the heat absorption capacity of air preheater of primary air and air preheater of secondary air, adjust the hot-blast temperature of primary air and air preheater of secondary air and correspond the flue gas temperature of side of flue gas, finally reach the purpose of preventing the low temperature corrosion of air preheater pipe, lengthen the service life of air preheater, reduce the heat loss of discharging fume, raise the boiler combustion efficiency.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high-efficiency air supply system, including the above-mentioned high-efficiency air supply system, which supplies hot primary air and hot secondary air to an air chamber 1 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and supplies the hot secondary air to a hearth 2 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. Of course, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the circulating fluidized bed boiler may further include a gas-solid separator 3 and a return feeder 4 connected to the furnace, to which the present invention is not limited.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1:
the circulating fluidized bed boiler is implemented according to the embodiment shown in figure 1, and is a full-load high-performance circulating fluidized bed boiler which comprises an air chamber, a hearth, a gas-solid separator, a material returning device, a tail flue, a primary air pre-heater, a secondary air pre-heater, an adjustable inlet air box, an adjustable outlet air box, related pipeline components and a control component.
The adjustable inlet air box and the adjustable outlet air box are internally provided with an inlet air box clapboard and an outlet air box clapboard which divide secondary air, an outlet air temperature measuring point is designed on an air side outlet pipeline of the air hot preheating gas, an outlet flue baffle and a smoke discharging temperature measuring point are designed in a corresponding area of a secondary air preheater at a smoke side outlet of the air preheater, a primary air inlet main pipe and a secondary air inlet main pipe are respectively connected with a primary air inlet box and a secondary air inlet box of the adjustable inlet air box, and an air volume adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit are arranged on the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box and are used for adjusting and measuring air volume.
During the load-increasing process of the boiler, the proportion of secondary air is gradually increased and the proportion of primary air is gradually decreased, at the moment, according to the change of the air quantity proportion, the positions of an inlet air box partition plate and an outlet air box partition plate are proportionally adjusted from the secondary air side to the primary air side so as to adjust the air outlet area ratio of a primary air inlet box and a secondary air inlet box and the air inlet area ratio of a primary air outlet box and a secondary air outlet box, further increase the area of the heat exchange surface of the secondary air pre-heater, simultaneously, an outlet air temperature measuring point of the air pre-heater is monitored, when the deviation of hot air temperatures on two sides exceeds a set value (5 ℃), the position of the inlet air box partition plate is adjusted in a feedback mode, the side with the low hot air temperature is adjusted to the side with the high hot air temperature, the position of. And in the adjusting process, the change condition of the smoke exhaust temperature measuring point is monitored, and the deviation of the hot air temperature of the primary air and the deviation of the smoke exhaust temperature are further reduced by adjusting the opening degree of the outlet flue baffle. The hot air temperature of the primary air and the secondary air and the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler reach design ideal values in the load lifting process through automatic adjustment, and large deviation is avoided.
In the process of load reduction of the boiler, the proportion of secondary air is gradually reduced, the proportion of primary air is gradually increased, the positions of an inlet air box partition plate and an outlet air box partition plate can be proportionally adjusted from a primary air side to a secondary air side according to the change of the air quantity proportion, the heat exchange area of a primary air preheater is increased, meanwhile, an outlet air temperature measuring point is monitored, when the deviation of hot air temperature on two sides exceeds a set value (5 ℃), the positions of the inlet air box partition plates are adjusted in a feedback mode, the position of the outlet air box partition plate needs to be adjusted in a synchronous operation mode, and the phenomenon of air cross is avoided. The change condition of the smoke exhaust temperature measuring point is monitored in the adjusting process, and the deviation of the hot air temperature of the primary air and the secondary air and the deviation of the smoke exhaust temperature are further reduced by adjusting the opening degree of the outlet flue baffle. The hot air temperature of the primary air and the secondary air and the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler reach design ideal values in the load lifting process through automatic adjustment, and large deviation is avoided.
Example 2:
the circulating fluidized bed boiler is implemented according to the embodiment shown in figure 2, and comprises an air chamber, a hearth, a gas-solid separator, a material returning device, a tail flue, an air preheater, an adjustable inlet air box, an adjustable outlet air box, a related pipeline assembly and a control assembly, wherein the air preheater comprises primary air fixed heating surfaces and secondary air fixed heating surfaces which are positioned on two sides, and a variable heating surface which is positioned in the middle, the adjustable inlet air box comprises primary air inlet fixed parts and secondary air inlet fixed parts which are positioned on two sides, and an adjustable inlet air box which is positioned in the middle, the adjustable outlet air box comprises primary air outlet fixed parts and secondary air outlet fixed parts which are positioned on two sides, and an adjustable outlet air outlet part which is positioned in the middle, and the.
The variable heating surface is the preheater heating surface which is flexibly adjusted and used when the air volume proportion of the primary air and the secondary air of the boiler under the variable load operation condition is changed. In fig. 2, the adjustable air inlet part and the adjustable air outlet part in the adjustable inlet air box and the adjustable outlet air box are divided into 4 areas, the partitions can be adjusted according to requirements in the actual process, and the number n of the partitions is more than or equal to 1. An outlet air temperature measuring point is designed on a pipeline at an air side outlet of the air preheater, an outlet flue baffle and a smoke discharging temperature measuring point are designed in a corresponding area of a secondary air preheater at a smoke side outlet of the air preheater, a primary air inlet pipe group and a secondary air inlet pipe group are connected with a fixed part and a variable part in an adjustable inlet air box, and an air volume adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit are arranged on the primary air inlet pipe group and the secondary air inlet pipe group and used for adjusting and measuring air volume. The primary air outlet pipe group and the secondary air outlet pipe group are connected with the fixed part and the variable part in the adjustable outlet air box, and an air quantity adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit are arranged on the primary air outlet pipe group and the secondary air outlet pipe group and are used for switching and metering the trend of primary air and secondary air in the switching process of the variable heating surface.
During the load-up process of the boiler, the proportion of secondary air is gradually increased and the proportion of primary air is gradually decreased, at the same time, according to the change of the air quantity proportion, part or all of the heating surface cooling working medium of the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet air box is switched from primary air to secondary air so as to increase the heat exchange area of the secondary air preheater, and simultaneously, an outlet air temperature measuring point is monitored, when the temperature deviation of hot air at two sides exceeds a set value (10 ℃), the proportion of the primary air of the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet air box is fed back to guide the primary air inlet pipe group and the secondary air inlet pipe group connected with the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet air box and the primary air outlet pipe group and the secondary air outlet pipe group connected with the air outlet adjustable part in the adjustable outlet air box to set synchronous operation, and the same opening/closing logic is set for a secondary air inlet pipe and a, the phenomenon of wind mixing is avoided. The change condition of the smoke exhaust temperature measuring point is monitored in the adjusting process, and the deviation of the hot air temperature of the primary air and the secondary air and the deviation of the smoke exhaust temperature are further reduced by adjusting the opening degree of the outlet flue baffle. The hot air temperature of the primary air and the secondary air and the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler reach design ideal values in the load lifting process through automatic adjustment, and large deviation is avoided.
On the contrary, in the process of load reduction of the boiler, the proportion of secondary air is gradually reduced and the proportion of primary air is gradually increased, at the moment, according to the change of the air quantity proportion, part or all of the cooling working medium on the heating surface of the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet air box is switched from the secondary air to the primary air so as to increase the heat exchange area of the primary air pre-heater, and simultaneously, an outlet air temperature measuring point is monitored, when the temperature deviation of hot air on two sides exceeds a set value (10 ℃), the proportion of the primary air of the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet air box is fed back and guided, a primary air inlet pipe group and a secondary air inlet pipe group which are connected with the air inlet adjustable part in the adjustable inlet air box and a primary air outlet pipe group and a secondary air outlet pipe group which are connected with the air outlet adjustable part in the adjustable outlet air box are set to be synchronously operated, and the, the phenomenon of wind mixing is avoided. The change condition of the smoke exhaust temperature measuring point is monitored in the adjusting process, and the deviation of the hot air temperature of the primary air and the secondary air and the deviation of the smoke exhaust temperature are further reduced by adjusting the opening degree of the outlet flue baffle. The hot air temperature of the primary air and the secondary air and the exhaust gas temperature of the boiler reach design ideal values in the load lifting process through automatic adjustment, and large deviation is avoided.
In conclusion, the invention can reduce the deviation of the exhaust gas temperature when the proportion of the primary air and the secondary air changes during the operation of the boiler under different loads, and the deviation of the exhaust gas temperature at the primary air and the secondary air side of the air preheater can be reduced from 90 ℃ to within 5.0 ℃; the temperature deviation of the primary and secondary air at the outlet of the air preheater can be reduced from 80 ℃ to within 5.0 ℃; the heat loss of boiler exhaust gas can be reduced, the boiler efficiency is improved, the low-temperature corrosion of the air preheater is reduced, the service life of the air preheater is prolonged, the situations of surface condensation, fly ash hardening, flue blockage and the like of the air preheater caused by too low exhaust gas temperature are effectively prevented, and the boiler efficiency can be improved by 0.5-1.5% under different loads; in addition, the air quantity ratio is coordinated with the area ratio of the heating surface of the air preheater, so that the air side resistance of the primary air and the secondary air is reduced, and the power consumption of the fan is reduced.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. An efficient air supply system, comprising:
the adjustable inlet bellows comprises a primary air inlet bellows and a secondary air inlet bellows, and the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet bellows and the secondary air inlet bellows is adjustable;
the adjustable outlet air box comprises a primary air outlet air box and a secondary air outlet air box, and the area ratio of the air inlets of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is adjustable;
the air preheater is arranged in the tail flue and comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, air outlets of a primary air inlet box and a secondary air inlet box are respectively connected with air side inlets of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater, and air side outlets of the primary air preheater and the secondary air preheater are respectively connected with air inlets of a primary air outlet box and a secondary air outlet box;
the area ratio of the heating surfaces of the primary air pre-heater and the secondary air pre-heater is adjusted along with the adjustment of the area ratio of the air outlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box.
2. The efficient air supply system according to claim 1, wherein the air inlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box are respectively connected with a primary air blower and a secondary air blower, the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box and the secondary air outlet box in the adjustable outlet air box is set to be consistent with the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box, and the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box in the adjustable inlet air box is adjusted according to the air volume ratio of the primary air to the secondary air in the adjustable inlet air box.
3. The efficient air supply system according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the heating surface area of the primary air pre-heater and the heating surface area of the secondary air pre-heater is the total heat exchange surface area of the air pre-heater, and the smoke side outlets of the primary air pre-heater and the secondary air pre-heater in the air pre-heater are respectively provided with an outlet flue baffle and a smoke temperature measuring point.
4. The efficient air supply system according to claim 1, wherein an inlet bellows partition plate for partitioning the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box is arranged in the adjustable inlet bellows, the inlet bellows partition plate is slidable and is flexibly sealed with the box body of the adjustable inlet bellows, and the adjustment of the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box is realized through the sliding of the inlet bellows partition plate;
the adjustable outlet air box is internally provided with an outlet air box baffle for separating the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box, the outlet air box baffle can slide and is flexibly sealed with the box body of the adjustable outlet air box, and the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box is realized through the sliding of the outlet air box baffle.
5. The efficient air supply system according to claim 4, wherein the air inlets of the primary air inlet box and the secondary air inlet box are respectively connected with a primary air fan and a secondary air fan through a primary air inlet main pipe and a secondary air inlet main pipe, and the primary air inlet main pipe and the secondary air inlet main pipe are respectively provided with an air volume adjusting baffle and a flow measuring unit; the air outlet of the primary air outlet box is connected with an air chamber of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe, the air outlet of the secondary air outlet box is connected with a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe, and outlet air temperature measuring points are respectively arranged on the primary air outlet main pipe and the secondary air outlet main pipe.
6. The efficient air supply system according to claim 1, wherein the adjustable inlet bellows is provided with a primary air inlet fixed part and a secondary air inlet fixed part which are arranged at two sides and an air inlet adjustable part which is arranged in the middle, the primary air inlet fixed part and all or part of the air inlet adjustable parts form a primary air inlet bellows together, the secondary air inlet fixed part and all or part of the air inlet adjustable parts form a secondary air inlet bellows together, and the adjustment of the air outlet area ratio of the primary air inlet bellows and the secondary air inlet bellows in the adjustable inlet bellows is realized by merging all or part of the air inlet adjustable parts into the primary air inlet bellows or the secondary air inlet bellows;
the adjustable outlet air box is internally provided with a primary air outlet fixed part and a secondary air outlet fixed part which are positioned at two sides and an air outlet adjustable part which is positioned in the middle, the primary air outlet fixed part and all or part of the air outlet adjustable part form the primary air outlet air box, the secondary air outlet fixed part and all or part of the air outlet adjustable part form the secondary air outlet air box, and the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet air box and the secondary air outlet air box in the adjustable outlet air box is realized by merging all or part of the air outlet adjustable part into the primary air outlet air box or the secondary air outlet air box;
the air preheater is provided with a primary air fixed heating surface and a secondary air fixed heating surface which are positioned at two sides and a variable heating surface which is positioned in the middle, the primary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surface form a primary air preheater, and the secondary air fixed heating surface and all or part of the variable heating surface form a secondary air preheater;
the area of a fixed heating surface formed by the primary air fixed heating surface or the secondary air fixed heating surface accounts for 10-50% of the total heat exchange area of the gas preheater, and the area of a variable heating surface accounts for 0-80% of the total heat exchange area of the gas preheater.
7. The efficient air supply system according to claim 6, wherein the air inlets of the primary air inlet fixing part and the secondary air inlet fixing part in the adjustable inlet air box are respectively connected with the primary air inlet main branch pipe and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe, the air inlet adjustable part is divided into n air inlet partitions, and the air inlet of each air inlet partition is respectively and simultaneously connected with the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe; the air outlets of the primary air outlet fixed part and the secondary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet air box are respectively connected with the primary air outlet main branch pipe and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe, the air outlet adjustable part is divided into n air outlet subareas, the air outlet of each air outlet subarea is respectively connected with a primary air outlet secondary branch pipe and a secondary air outlet secondary branch pipe at the same time, and n is more than or equal to 1;
the adjustable air inlet box comprises an air inlet sub-branch pipe, an;
the air inlet sub-branch pipes of the air outlet sub-zones are communicated with the primary air outlet fixed part or the secondary air outlet fixed part to be respectively and integrally merged into the primary air outlet box or the secondary air outlet box, so that the adjustment of the air inlet area ratio of the primary air outlet box and the secondary air outlet box in the adjustable outlet box is realized.
8. The efficient air supply system according to claim 7, wherein the primary air inlet main branch pipe of the primary air inlet fixing part in the adjustable inlet air box and the primary air inlet secondary branch pipe of each air inlet partition are arranged in parallel to form a primary air inlet pipe group and are connected with the primary air fan through a primary air inlet main pipe, and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe of the secondary air inlet fixing part in the adjustable inlet air box and the secondary air inlet secondary branch pipe of each air inlet partition are arranged in parallel to form a secondary air inlet pipe group and are connected with the secondary air fan through a secondary air inlet main pipe;
the primary air outlet main branch pipe of the primary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet air box and the primary air outlet sub branch pipe of each air outlet partition are connected in parallel to form a primary air outlet pipe group and are connected with the air box of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a primary air outlet main pipe, and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe of the secondary air outlet fixed part in the adjustable outlet air box and the secondary air outlet sub branch pipe of each air outlet partition are connected in parallel to form a secondary air outlet pipe group and are connected with a hearth of the circulating fluidized bed boiler through a secondary air outlet main pipe.
9. The efficient air supply system according to claim 8, wherein air volume adjusting baffles and flow measuring units are respectively disposed on the primary air inlet main branch pipe and the primary air inlet sub-branch pipe and the secondary air inlet main branch pipe and the secondary air outlet sub-branch pipe, air volume adjusting baffles are respectively disposed on the primary air outlet main branch pipe and the primary air outlet sub-branch pipe and the secondary air outlet main branch pipe and the secondary air outlet sub-branch pipe, and outlet air temperature measuring points are respectively disposed on the primary air outlet main pipe and the secondary air outlet main pipe.
10. A circulating fluidized bed boiler with a high efficiency air supply system, comprising the high efficiency air supply system of any one of claims 1 to 9, the high efficiency air supply system providing hot primary air to an air plenum of the circulating fluidized bed boiler and providing hot secondary air to a furnace of the circulating fluidized bed boiler.
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| CN111396865B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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